CN117294271A - Filter and optical communication testing device - Google Patents
Filter and optical communication testing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN117294271A CN117294271A CN202310542145.3A CN202310542145A CN117294271A CN 117294271 A CN117294271 A CN 117294271A CN 202310542145 A CN202310542145 A CN 202310542145A CN 117294271 A CN117294271 A CN 117294271A
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000854350 Enicospilus group Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H7/00—Multiple-port networks comprising only passive electrical elements as network components
- H03H7/01—Frequency selective two-port networks
- H03H7/06—Frequency selective two-port networks including resistors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/07—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/40—Arrangements for reducing harmonics
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Dc Digital Transmission (AREA)
- Optical Communication System (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a filter and an optical communication testing device, which relate to the field of optical communication testing and comprise N inductors which are sequentially connected in series, wherein the public end of each inductor is respectively connected with the first end of a capacitor, the second end of the capacitor is connected with the first end of a resistor, the second end of the resistor is grounded, and the two ends of a circuit formed by connecting the N inductors in series are respectively used as the input end and the output end of the filter, so that the filter has good group delay indexes, and the formed eye pattern effect is relatively good.
Description
The application is a division of China patent application which is filed by 2022, 6 and 9 days to China patent office, application number 202210647066.4 and the invention name of which is a low-pass filter and optical communication testing device.
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of optical communication testing, and in particular, to a filter and an optical communication testing device.
Background
In order to obtain a better eye effect when performing optical communication measurement, it is generally required to use a low-pass filter to filter an input signal and display the filtered input signal on a display. The prior art commonly uses a bezier low pass filter or a butterworth low pass filter with an extended bandwidth to filter the input signal. However, the echo loss of the Bessel low-pass filter is relatively large, so that stronger signal reflection can be formed at the input end of the Bessel low-pass filter, and the eye pattern effect is relatively poor; the butterworth low-pass filter with the expanded bandwidth has smaller return loss, but has poor group delay index, and the phenomenon of signal overshoot can also cause the eye effect to be poor, so that the ideal eye effect cannot be obtained by using the two low-pass filters.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a filter and an optical communication testing device, which have good group delay indexes and have good eye pattern effect.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a filter, which comprises N inductors, N-1 capacitors and N-1 resistors, wherein N is a positive integer not less than 2;
the N inductors are sequentially connected in series, one end of the circuit after the series connection is the input end of the filter, and the other end of the circuit after the series connection is the output end of the filter;
the common ends of the N inductance connections are respectively connected with the first ends of the N-1 capacitors in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the second ends of the capacitors are connected with the first ends of the resistors, and the second ends of the resistors are grounded.
Preferably, the inductance value of the ith inductor is equal to that of the (N- (i-1) th inductor, i is a positive integer and is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N/2;
the capacitance value of the ith capacitor is equal to that of the N-ith capacitor;
the resistance of the ith resistor is equal to that of the N-ith resistor, and the resistance of the 1 st resistor to the N/2 th resistor are sequentially increased.
Preferably, the resistance value of the ith resistor is positively correlated with the quotient of the inductance value of the ith inductor divided by the capacitance value of the ith capacitor.
Preferably, the resistance value of the ith resistor is equal to the resistance value of the N-ith resistor, and the difference between the resistance value of the 1 st resistor and the resistance value of the N/2 th resistor increases.
The invention also provides an optical communication testing device for solving the technical problems, which comprises the filter, a photoelectric conversion unit and a data conversion unit;
the input end of the photoelectric conversion unit is the input end of the optical communication testing device, the output end of the photoelectric conversion unit is connected with the input end of the filter, the output end of the filter is connected with the input end of the data conversion unit, and the output end of the data conversion unit is the output end of the optical communication testing device;
the photoelectric conversion unit is used for converting an optical signal into an electric signal;
the data conversion unit is used for generating an eye diagram corresponding to the optical signal based on the output signal of the filter.
Preferably, the eye diagram generation device further comprises a display unit connected with the output end of the data conversion unit and used for displaying the eye diagram generated by the data conversion unit.
In summary, the invention discloses a filter and an optical communication testing device, which comprises N inductors connected in series in sequence, wherein the common end of each inductor is connected with the first end of a capacitor, the second end of the capacitor is connected with the first end of a resistor, the second end of the resistor is grounded, the two ends of a circuit formed by connecting the N inductors in series are respectively used as the input end and the output end of the filter, the group delay index is good, and the formed eye pattern effect is relatively good.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required in the prior art and the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a filter according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the parameters associated with a prior art Bessel low pass filter;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the group delay index of a prior art Butterworth low pass filter;
FIG. 4 is an eye diagram effect diagram of an optical communication test in the prior art;
FIG. 5 is a graph of a group delay indicator for a filter according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an eye diagram effect diagram of an optical communication test in the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of another filter according to the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical communication testing device provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The core of the invention is to provide a filter and an optical communication testing device, which have good group delay indexes and better formed eye pattern effect.
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a filter provided by the present invention, the filter includes N inductors 1, N-1 capacitors 2 and N-1 resistors 3, N is a positive integer not less than 2;
the N inductors 1 are sequentially connected in series, one end of a circuit after being connected in series is the input end of the filter, and the other end of the circuit after being connected in series is the output end of the filter;
the common ends of the N inductors 1 are connected with the first ends of the N-1 capacitors 2 in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the second ends of the capacitors 2 are connected with the first ends of the resistors 3, and the second ends of the resistors 3 are grounded.
In order to obtain a good eye effect when performing optical communication test, a filter with a specific frequency response curve is required, and generally, a filter with a fourth-order bessel S21 frequency response curve is required. In order to obtain a better Group Delay index, i.e. Group Delay index, and a smooth out-of-band rejection frequency response curve, a Bessel low-pass filter and a Butterworth low-pass filter with expanded bandwidth are commonly used in the prior art.
Although the frequency response curve of the Bezier low-pass filter can meet the requirements, the Bezier low-pass filter has the defect of relatively large return loss, and stronger signal reflection can be formed at the input end of the Bezier low-pass filter, so that the eye effect is adversely affected. Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a graph of relevant parameters of a bezier low-pass filter in the prior art, the bezier low-pass filter corresponding to fig. 2 is 10GHZ and has a bandwidth of 3dB, and as can be seen from fig. 2, the bandwidth of the bezier low-pass filter with an S11 parameter smaller than-10 dB is only 4GHZ, and the corresponding impedance matching bandwidth is relatively narrow, so that a large reflection is formed for a broadband signal of 10GHZ, which is not beneficial to practical use.
The butterworth low-pass filter with the expanded bandwidth has better in-band group delay index, but the signal overshoot is formed due to the fact that the group delay bulge still appears near the out-of-band. Moreover, if the bandwidth is further expanded, the suppression of the butterworth low-pass filter on the high-frequency signal may not meet the requirement, that is, the frequency response curve may not reach the standard, and the eye effect may be adversely affected. Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a graph of the group delay index of the butterworth low-pass filter in the prior art, and as can be seen from fig. 3, the group delay index of the butterworth low-pass filter in the prior art has a significant protrusion and is not flat enough. In general, the flatter the group delay index is, the better the phase consistency corresponding to the broadband signal is, while the fluctuation of the group delay index of the butterworth low-pass filter in the prior art within the range of 10GHZ reaches 20ps, so that the problem of serious phase consistency is caused to the transmission of the broadband signal, and the adverse effect is brought to the final eye effect. Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is an eye diagram effect diagram of a butterworth low-pass filter in the prior art, and it is seen that the eye diagram effect is poor, which is unfavorable for the subsequent processing steps of the optical communication test.
In order to solve the technical problems, the application provides a filter. The filter comprises N inductors 1, N-1 capacitors 2 and N-1 resistors 3, wherein the inductors 1 are sequentially connected in series, and one end of a circuit after being connected in series is used as an input end of the filter and can be connected with an output end of a photoelectric conversion unit in the optical communication testing device; the other end of the series-connected circuit is used as the output end of the filter and can be connected with the input end of the data conversion unit in the optical communication testing device. The public end that each inductance 1 is connected all is connected with the first end of electric capacity 2 respectively, and electric capacity 2 does not have direct ground connection in this application, but is connected the second end of electric capacity 2 with the first end of resistance 3 earlier, then with the second end ground connection of resistance 3, therefore the frequency response curve of the filter that this application provided is close the fourth order Bezier S21 frequency response curve of ideal and has good group delay index, in addition, S11 index also is better than Bezier low pass filter, all can accomplish below-10 dB in the wide frequency band.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a graph of a group delay index of a filter according to the present invention, and it can be seen that the graph of the group delay index of the filter provided by the present invention is relatively flat, and has no obvious upwarp phenomenon. Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is an eye pattern effect diagram of an optical communication test in the present invention, which shows that the eye pattern effect generated by the optical communication test using the filter provided by the present invention has no obvious overshoot, and the effect is relatively good, which is more favorable for the subsequent processing steps of the optical communication test.
In addition, the parameters of the respective inductors 1, capacitors 2 and resistors 3 in the filter provided in the present application may be selected according to the actual use scenario, which is not particularly limited in the present application.
Because the filter provided by the application has an ideal frequency response curve, good group delay indexes and S11 indexes meeting the requirements, the effect of an eye pattern formed in the optical communication test process can be further ensured, and the optical communication test can be more accurately carried out.
In summary, the invention provides a filter and an optical communication testing device, which includes N inductors 1 connected in series in sequence, wherein a common end connected with each inductor 1 is respectively connected with a first end of a capacitor 2, a second end of the capacitor 2 is connected with a first end of a resistor 3, a second end of the resistor 3 is grounded, two ends of a circuit formed by connecting the N inductors 1 in series are respectively used as an input end and an output end of the filter, and the filter has good group delay indexes, so that the formed eye pattern effect is relatively good. In addition, the circuit structure of the filter is simple, the cost is low, the size is small, and the filter can be more suitable for various optical communication test scenes.
Based on the above embodiments:
as a preferred embodiment, the inductance value of the ith inductor 1 is equal to that of the N- (i-1) th inductor 1, i is a positive integer and 1.ltoreq.i.ltoreq.N/2;
the capacitance value of the ith capacitor 2 is equal to the capacitance value of the N-ith capacitor 2;
the resistance of the ith resistor 3 is equal to that of the N-ith resistor 3, and the resistance of the 1 st resistor 3 to that of the N/2 nd resistor 3 are sequentially increased.
In this embodiment, in order to further optimize the group delay index and the frequency response curve of the filter provided by the present application, in this embodiment, the sizes and layouts of the inductors 1, the capacitors 2 and the resistors 3 in the filter are set to be in a form of central symmetry, and the specific inductance value of the ith inductor 1 is equal to the inductance value of the N- (i-1) th inductor 1; the capacitance value of the ith capacitor 2 is equal to the capacitance value of the N-ith capacitor 2; the resistance of the ith resistor 3 is equal to that of the N-ith resistor 3, and the resistance of the 1 st resistor 3 to that of the N/2 nd resistor 3 are sequentially increased.
Taking n=6 as an example, referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of another filter provided by the present invention, where l1=l6, l2=l5, l3=l4, c1=c5, c2=c4, r1=r5, r2=r4, and r3+_r2+_r1 in the filter provided by the present invention.
For example, a 5-order low-pass butterworth filter is realized by the filter provided by the application, and 3 inductors 1,2 capacitors 2 and 2 resistors 3 can be arranged; the inductance values of the first inductor 1, the second inductor 1 and the third inductor 1 are 0.384nH, 1.147nH and 0.384nH in sequence, the capacitance value of the first capacitor 2 is equal to the capacitance value of the second capacitor 2 and is 0.225pF, and the resistance value of the first resistor 3 is equal to the resistance value of the second resistor 3 and is 17.8 ohms.
In addition, N/2 may be rounded up or rounded down when it is a fraction, and may be set according to actual conditions, which is not particularly limited in this application.
By setting the layout and parameter values of the filter to be in a central symmetry mode, the group delay index of the filter in the embodiment is better, the frequency response curve is closer to an ideal frequency response curve, and the formed eye pattern effect is better.
As a preferred embodiment, the resistance of the ith resistor 3 is positively correlated with the quotient of the inductance of the ith inductor 1 divided by the capacitance of the ith capacitor 2.
In this embodiment, the resistance of the resistor 3, the inductance of the inductor 1 and the capacitance of the capacitor 2 in the filter may be further defined, and specifically, in this embodiment, the resistance of the i-th resistor 3 and the quotient of the inductance of the i-th inductor 1 and the capacitance of the i-th capacitor 2 are positively correlated, and the value of the resistor 3R and the values of the inductor 1 and the capacitor 2 have the following relationship: rn=k (Ln/Cn) a, where Rn, cn, ln are values of adjacent resistors 3, capacitors 2, and inductors 1 of the same number, K is a scaling factor, and a is a fixed value.
As a preferred embodiment, the resistance of the i-th resistor 3 is equal to the resistance of the N-i-th resistor 3, and the difference between the resistance of the 1 st resistor 3 and the resistance of the N/2 th resistor 3 increases.
In this embodiment, the resistance of the ith resistor 3 is equal to the resistance of the N-i resistance 3, and the difference from the resistance of the 1 st resistor 3 to the resistance of the N/2 th resistor 3 increases progressively, so that the frequency response curve, the group delay index and the S11 index of the filter can be further optimized, and the parameters of the filter can be more conveniently adjusted.
Referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical communication testing device according to the present invention, where the optical communication testing device includes the above-mentioned filter 22, and further includes a photoelectric conversion unit 21 and a data conversion unit 23;
the input end of the photoelectric conversion unit 21 is the input end of the optical communication testing device, the output end of the photoelectric conversion unit 21 is connected with the input end of the filter 22, the output end of the filter 22 is connected with the input end of the data conversion unit 23, and the output end of the data conversion unit 23 is the output end of the optical communication testing device;
the photoelectric conversion unit 21 is configured to convert an optical signal into an electrical signal;
the data conversion unit 23 is configured to generate an eye pattern corresponding to the optical signal based on the output signal of the filter 22.
The application also provides an optical communication testing device based on the filter 22, wherein the filter 22 in the application comprises N inductors 1, N-1 capacitors 2 and N-1 resistors 3, each inductor 1 is sequentially connected in series, one end of a circuit after the series connection is used as an input end of the filter 22 to be connected with an output end of a photoelectric conversion unit 21, and the photoelectric conversion unit 21 is used for converting optical signals into electric signals; the other end of the circuit after the series connection of the respective inductors 1 is connected as an output of the filter 22 to an input of the data conversion unit 23, and the data conversion unit 23 is configured to generate an eye pattern corresponding to the optical signal based on the output signal of the filter 22. The common end that each inductance 1 in filter 22 connects is all connected with the first end of electric capacity 2 respectively, and electric capacity 2 does not directly ground in this application, but is connected the second end of electric capacity 2 with the first end of resistance 3 earlier, then ground the second end of resistance 3, therefore the frequency response curve of filter 22 that this application provided is close the fourth order Bezier S21 frequency response curve of ideal and has good group delay index, and in addition, S11 index is also better than Bezier low pass filter 22, can accomplish below-10 dB in the wide frequency band. Therefore, the optical communication testing device is more stable in testing performance, and the output eye pattern effect is better.
Based on the above embodiments:
as a preferred embodiment, a display unit connected to the output of the data conversion unit 23 is further included for displaying the eye pattern generated by the data conversion unit 23.
In this embodiment, the output end of the data conversion unit 23 is further connected with a display unit, so that an eye pattern generated by the data conversion unit 23 can be displayed, optical communication test can be more conveniently performed, and eye pattern effect can be conveniently observed.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant points refer to the description of the method section.
It should also be noted that in this specification, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises an element.
Claims (6)
1. The filter is characterized by comprising N inductors, N-1 capacitors and N-1 resistors, wherein N is a positive integer not less than 2;
the N inductors are sequentially connected in series, one end of the circuit after the series connection is the input end of the filter, and the other end of the circuit after the series connection is the output end of the filter;
the common ends of the N inductance connections are respectively connected with the first ends of the N-1 capacitors in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the second ends of the capacitors are connected with the first ends of the resistors, and the second ends of the resistors are grounded.
2. The filter of claim 1, wherein the inductance value of the ith inductor is equal to the inductance value of the nth- (i-1) inductor, i is a positive integer and 1.ltoreq.i.ltoreq.n/2;
the capacitance value of the ith capacitor is equal to that of the N-ith capacitor;
the resistance of the ith resistor is equal to that of the N-ith resistor, and the resistance of the 1 st resistor to the N/2 th resistor are sequentially increased.
3. The filter of claim 2 wherein the resistance of the ith said resistor is positively correlated with the quotient of the inductance of the ith said inductor divided by the capacitance of the ith said capacitor.
4. The filter of claim 2, wherein the i-th resistor has a value equal to the N-i-th resistor, and the difference between the 1 st resistor and the N/2 th resistor increases.
5. An optical communication testing device, comprising the filter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and further comprising a photoelectric conversion unit and a data conversion unit;
the input end of the photoelectric conversion unit is the input end of the optical communication testing device, the output end of the photoelectric conversion unit is connected with the input end of the filter, the output end of the filter is connected with the input end of the data conversion unit, and the output end of the data conversion unit is the output end of the optical communication testing device;
the photoelectric conversion unit is used for converting an optical signal into an electric signal;
the data conversion unit is used for generating an eye diagram corresponding to the optical signal based on the output signal of the filter.
6. The optical communication testing device according to claim 5, further comprising a display unit connected to the output terminal of the data conversion unit, for displaying the eye pattern generated by the data conversion unit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310542145.3A CN117294271A (en) | 2022-06-09 | 2022-06-09 | Filter and optical communication testing device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310542145.3A CN117294271A (en) | 2022-06-09 | 2022-06-09 | Filter and optical communication testing device |
| CN202210647066.4A CN114900149B (en) | 2022-06-09 | 2022-06-09 | Low-pass filter and optical communication testing device |
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| CN202210647066.4A Division CN114900149B (en) | 2022-06-09 | 2022-06-09 | Low-pass filter and optical communication testing device |
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| CN202210647066.4A Active CN114900149B (en) | 2022-06-09 | 2022-06-09 | Low-pass filter and optical communication testing device |
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| US6608536B2 (en) * | 2000-11-09 | 2003-08-19 | Broadcom Corporation | Constant impedance filter |
| US6809613B2 (en) * | 2002-04-25 | 2004-10-26 | Teradvance Communications, Llc | Low-reflection transmission-line filters with gaussian characteristics |
| CN105807344A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2016-07-27 | 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 | Optical fiber connector and optical coupling lens |
| CN106326542B (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2019-04-23 | 西安电子科技大学 | Low pass filter design method based on DGS |
| CN112803917A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-05-14 | 四川斯艾普电子科技有限公司 | Low group delay fluctuation and high inhibition filter and implementation method thereof |
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