CN117293636B - Double-comb middle infrared oscillator - Google Patents
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- CN117293636B CN117293636B CN202311584786.1A CN202311584786A CN117293636B CN 117293636 B CN117293636 B CN 117293636B CN 202311584786 A CN202311584786 A CN 202311584786A CN 117293636 B CN117293636 B CN 117293636B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/08—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof
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- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/08—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof
- H01S3/08086—Multiple-wavelength emission
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- H01S3/08—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof
- H01S3/081—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof comprising three or more reflectors
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- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/08—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof
- H01S3/081—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof comprising three or more reflectors
- H01S3/0811—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof comprising three or more reflectors incorporating a dispersive element, e.g. a prism for wavelength selection
- H01S3/0812—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof comprising three or more reflectors incorporating a dispersive element, e.g. a prism for wavelength selection using a diffraction grating
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- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/08—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof
- H01S3/081—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof comprising three or more reflectors
- H01S3/0813—Configuration of resonator
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- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of laser, in particular to a double-comb middle infrared oscillator, which comprises: pump source, input mirror, tm: the YLF crystal, the biprism, the body grating, the optical cavity and the output mirror are obliquely arranged, and the input mirror and the body grating are obliquely arranged; laser emitted by the pump source is incident to Tm through the input mirror: the particle number inversion is realized on the surface of the YLF crystal, two laser beams are output, the two laser beams are incident to a volume grating meeting the Bragg angle through a biprism, the volume grating reflects the two laser beams at the original angle, and the two laser beams sequentially pass through the biprism and Tm: the YLF crystal is reflected into the optical cavity through the input mirror, and the two laser beams vibrate in the optical cavity and finally output through the output mirror. The invention can screen out the laser beam suitable for the experiment by utilizing the light splitting characteristic of the volume grating, and can reduce the loss of the laser beam in the experiment and ensure the quality of the output beam.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lasers, in particular to a double-comb middle infrared oscillator.
Background
The double optical frequency comb (double comb for short) rotates in the optical frequency comb. In the time domain, a double comb is understood to be a sequence of coherent light pulses with slightly offset repetition frequencies. Since its introduction, double comb sources and applications have been the main subject of research. The double comb source shares many similarities with earlier laser systems for pump-probe measurements. Heretofore, double comb laser operation has been designed as an exchange laser. The characteristics of high resolution, high sensitivity and quick measurement of the medium infrared amphiphobic gas can bring an innovative technology for calibrating extremely low concentration gas, and gas detection such as N2, CO2 and the like can be performed by selecting two wavelengths with smaller difference. However, mid-infrared amphiphobic cannot autonomously screen appropriate wavelengths, and ensuring the beam quality of the laser output beam is also a constantly pursued goal. Since the refractive indexes of different wavelengths in the optical cavity are different, different degrees of loss are caused, and selecting a proper wavelength for optical oscillation is also a problem to be considered.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defect that proper wavelength cannot be screened in the prior art, so as to provide the double-comb mid-infrared oscillator.
A dual comb mid-infrared oscillator comprising: pump source, input mirror, tm: the optical fiber comprises YLF crystals, biprisms, a volume grating, an optical cavity and an output mirror, wherein the input mirror and the volume grating are obliquely arranged;
laser emitted by the pump source is incident to Tm through an input mirror: the particle number inversion is realized on the surface of the YLF crystal, two laser beams are output, the two laser beams are incident to a volume grating meeting the Bragg angle through a biprism, the volume grating reflects the two laser beams at the original angle, and the two laser beams sequentially pass through the biprism and Tm: the YLF crystal is reflected into the optical cavity through the input mirror, and the two laser beams vibrate in the optical cavity and finally output through the output mirror.
Further, the optical cavity comprises a first concave mirror, a second concave mirror, a third concave mirror, a first reflecting mirror and a second reflecting mirror;
the first concave mirror, the second concave mirror and the third concave mirror are arranged on one side, the first reflecting mirror and the second reflecting mirror are arranged on one side of the output mirror, and two laser beams reflected by the input mirror oscillate among the first concave mirror, the first reflecting mirror, the second concave mirror, the second reflecting mirror and the third concave mirror and are finally output by the output mirror.
Further, the double-comb mid-infrared oscillator further comprises a fourth concave mirror and a saturated absorption mirror;
the fourth concave mirror is arranged on one side of the third concave mirror, the saturation absorbing mirror is arranged on one side of the output mirror, and when two laser beams are output through the output mirror, part of the laser beams are reflected to the fourth concave mirror by the output mirror, and are reflected to the saturation absorbing mirror by the fourth concave mirror to be absorbed by the saturation absorbing mirror.
Further, the volume grating is a reflective volume grating.
Further, the formula of the bragg angle is: 2ncos Λθ=λ; where θ is the incidence angle of the laser in the bulk grating, Λ is the bulk grating period, n is the refractive index, and λ is the laser wavelength.
Further, the wavelength of the pump source is 792nm, tm: the wavelengths of the two laser beams output by the YLF crystal are 1908nm and 1910nm respectively. .
Further, when the laser wavelength is 1908nm, the incident angle θ 1= 75.3 °; when the laser wavelength is 1910nm, the incident angle theta 2= 75.1°。
Further, the input mirror has an inclination angle of 45 °.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the technical scheme, the laser beam suitable for experiments can be screened out by utilizing the light splitting characteristics of the volume grating.
2. The loss of laser beams in the experiment is reduced, and the quality of output beams is ensured. When the incident wavelength satisfies the bragg angle formula, namely: when 2ncos Λθ=λ, the incident wave can be emitted after being split by the bulk grating, and then emitted along the original angle and oscillated in the cavity, so that the interference of other light beams can be reduced, and the quality of the output light beam is ensured.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an internal schematic view of a volume grating;
reference numerals illustrate:
1-a pump source; 2-an input mirror; 3-Tm: YLF crystals;
4-biprism; a 5-volume grating; 6.1-a first concave mirror;
6.2-a second concave mirror; 6.3-a third concave mirror; 6.4-fourth concave mirror;
7.1-a first mirror; 7.2-a second mirror; 8-an output mirror;
9-saturation absorption mirror.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In addition, the technical features of the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
Referring to fig. 1, a dual-comb mid-infrared oscillator includes: pump source 1, input mirror 2, tm: YLF crystal 3, biprism 4, volume grating 5, optical cavity and output mirror 8, wherein input mirror 2 and volume grating 5 are tilted: the inclination angle of the input mirror 2 is 45 degrees (the selectable range is 40 degrees to 50 degrees); the volume grating 5 is inclined at different angles according to the incident wavelength of 1908nm and 1910nm, and the placing angle of the volume grating 5 needs to meet the incident angles of two lasers with different incident wavelengths, namely theta 1= 75.3 DEG and theta 2= 75.1°）。
The laser emitted by the pump source 1 is incident to Tm through the input mirror 2: the particle number inversion is realized on the surface of the YLF crystal 3, two laser beams are output, the two laser beams are incident to a volume grating 5 meeting the Bragg angle through a biprism 4, the volume grating 5 reflects the two laser beams at the original angle, and the two laser beams sequentially pass through the biprism 4 and a Tm: the YLF crystal 3 is reflected into the optical cavity through the input mirror 2, and the two laser beams vibrate in the optical cavity and finally output through the output mirror 8.
Due to Tm: the YLF crystal 3 has the advantages of suppressing the thermal lens effect, outputting linearly polarized light and the like due to natural birefringence, and Tm: the YLF crystal 3 has a different emission cross section for each wavelength in its emission spectrum, i.e., the gain for each wavelength is different, which results in a change in the wavelength of the laser output light at different transmittances, two rows of light waves with relatively close wavelengths are generated during the experiment, and are incident on the bulk grating 5 at different incident angles, and oscillate back and forth in the optical cavity, and the oscillation angle satisfies the bragg angle, and finally, a double-beam process is formed to output light. The present bulk grating 5 is used as a novel grating element, has the advantages of small volume, simple structure and flexible function, and can be used for various aspects such as narrow-band reflection, narrow-band transmission and the like.
For the definition of the volume grating 5, it can be considered that the hologram recorded in general is equivalent to a planar grating in one plane, and is mainly divided into the following forms: transmissive, reflective and 90 o The formula is that the transmission type is most widely used, and the grating interval can be widely adjusted in the configuration mode, so that the method can be applied in various aspects; under the reflective configuration, the written grating space is the smallest, the selectivity of the Bragg angle is the best, and the Bragg angle is also used for manufacturing a narrow-band filter, and in the embodiment, the reflective bulk grating is selected; 90 o Under the formula configuration, the thickness of the volume grating can be fully utilized, and the volume grating is convenient to adjust and is widely used in the manufacture of optical memories.
The reflective bulk grating can be used as a cavity mirror of a laser to realize narrow linewidth spectrum, and is a device for separating light waves with different wavelengths through a reflective optical element. A grating is a surface made up of a number of parallel protrusions and depressions, each of which is a reflector that reflects light out of different angles. When the incident angles are different, the light rays are split into different wavelengths after being reflected, so that the light splitting effect is realized. The reflection grating is mainly applied to measurement, communication, laser modulation and other aspects. The selection of the wavelength is utilized. For the reflective bragg volume grating, a three-dimensional grating as shown in fig. 2 is formed in the medium, θ in the figure is the incident angle of the light wave in the volume grating 5, t is the thickness of the volume grating 5, and Λ is the volume grating period.
In this embodiment, the optical cavity includes a first concave mirror 6.1, a second concave mirror 6.2, a third concave mirror 6.3, a first reflecting mirror 7.1 and a second reflecting mirror 7.2;
the first concave mirror 6.1, the second concave mirror 6.2 and the third concave mirror 6.3 are arranged on one side, the first reflecting mirror 7.1 and the second reflecting mirror 7.2 are arranged on one side of the output mirror 8, and two laser beams reflected by the input mirror 2 oscillate among the first concave mirror 6.1, the first reflecting mirror 7.1, the second concave mirror 6.2, the second reflecting mirror 7.2 and the third concave mirror 6.3 and are finally output through the output mirror 8.
The double-comb mid-infrared oscillator also comprises a fourth concave mirror 6.4 and a saturated absorption mirror 9;
the fourth concave mirror 6.4 is disposed at one side of the third concave mirror 6.3, the saturation absorbing mirror 9 is disposed at one side of the output mirror 8, and when two laser beams are output by the output mirror 8, part of the laser beams are reflected to the fourth concave mirror 6.4 by the output mirror 8, and are reflected to the saturation absorbing mirror 9 by the fourth concave mirror 6.4, and are absorbed by the saturation absorbing mirror 9.
The formula of the Bragg angle is as follows: 2ncos Λθ=λ; where θ is the incidence angle of the laser in the bulk grating, Λ is the bulk grating period, n is the refractive index, and λ is the laser wavelength. In this embodiment, in the selection of the pump source 1, we first select an LD semiconductor pump source to emit light with a wavelength of 792nm, and laser light is incident to Tm: the wavelengths of the two laser beams generated by the YLF crystal 3 for realizing the particle number inversion are 1908nm and 1910nm respectively. The volume grating period is 645nm, the refractive index is 1.44, and the incident angle theta is calculated according to a formula when the laser wavelength is 1908nm 1= 75.3 °; when the laser wavelength is 1910nm, the incident angle theta 2= 75.1 deg.. In practical experiments, the semiconductor saturable absorber mirror, namely the SESAM (saturation absorber mirror 9), provides a film locking process, and the basic structure is that a reflecting mirror and a semiconductor saturable absorber are combined together, so that a Fabry-Perot cavity is formed by an upper reflecting mirror and a lower reflecting mirror, and the modulation depth of the absorber and the bandwidth of the reflecting mirror can be adjusted by changing the thickness of the absorber and the reflectivity of the two reflecting mirrors. In the SESAM mode locking process, the response time is relatively longLong interband transitions (e.g., carrier recombination) provide a self-priming mechanism for mode locking, while in-band thermal equilibrium with very short response times can effectively compress pulse width, maintaining mode locking. In this experiment, we selected a wavelength range that corresponds to the near mid-infrared wavelength range, i.e., (780 nm to 2500 nm). We apply slow feedback on the multiplexing element to cancel the low frequency ambient interference and further illustrate that the angle at which the light waves are incident on the grating is different, as are the resulting dual wavelengths.
The present dual comb mid-infrared oscillator demonstrates a new laser cavity multiplexing method that allows two spatially separated, but quasi-common path cavity modes within the same oscillator. It is also described that light waves of different angles are incident on the grating, can reflect from the grating at the original angle, and meet the Bragg angle, producing different dual wavelengths for exit. To eliminate any slow environmental drift that could change the repetition rate difference, we implemented a slow cross-correlation based feedback loop in the biprism position, enabling us to obtain excellent long term performance of the double comb in a few hours. The results prove the effectiveness of the novel laser cavity multiplexing method, also show that two rows of light waves incident to the grating at different angles can generate different dual wavelengths, so that intracavity oscillation occurs, dual-wavelength output is realized, and the great potential of the laser cavity multiplexing method in the aspects of changing angle output light waves and realizing a dual-comb system is shown.
It is apparent that the above examples are given by way of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. While still being apparent from variations or modifications that may be made by those skilled in the art are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A dual comb mid-infrared oscillator, comprising: pump source (1), input mirror (2), tm: the optical fiber comprises a YLF crystal (3), a biprism (4), a volume grating (5), an optical cavity and an output mirror (8), wherein the input mirror (2) and the volume grating (5) are obliquely arranged;
laser emitted by the pump source (1) is incident to Tm through the input mirror (2): the particle number inversion is realized on the surface of the YLF crystal (3) and two laser beams are output, the two laser beams are incident to a volume grating (5) meeting the Bragg angle through a biprism (4), the volume grating (5) reflects the two laser beams at the original angle, and the two laser beams sequentially pass through the biprism (4) and a Tm: the YLF crystal (3) is reflected into the optical cavity through the input mirror (2), and two laser beams vibrate in the optical cavity and are finally output through the output mirror (8);
the first concave mirror (6.1), the second concave mirror (6.2) and the third concave mirror (6.3) are arranged on one side, the first reflecting mirror (7.1) and the second reflecting mirror (7.2) are arranged on one side of the output mirror (8), and two laser beams reflected by the input mirror (2) oscillate among the first concave mirror (6.1), the first reflecting mirror (7.1), the second concave mirror (6.2), the second reflecting mirror (7.2) and the third concave mirror (6.3) and are finally output by the output mirror (8);
the double-comb mid-infrared oscillator further comprises a fourth concave mirror (6.4) and a saturated absorption mirror (9);
the fourth concave mirror (6.4) is arranged on one side of the third concave mirror (6.3), the saturated absorption mirror (9) is arranged on one side of the output mirror (8), and when two laser beams are output through the output mirror (8), part of the laser beams are reflected to the fourth concave mirror (6.4) by the output mirror (8), and are reflected to the saturated absorption mirror (9) by the fourth concave mirror (6.4) to be absorbed by the saturated absorption mirror (9).
2. A dual comb mid-infrared oscillator as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the bulk grating (5) is a reflective bulk grating.
3. The dual comb mid-infrared oscillator of claim 1, wherein the formula for the bragg angle is: 2ncos Λθ=λ; where θ is the incidence angle of the laser in the bulk grating, Λ is the bulk grating period, n is the refractive index, and λ is the laser wavelength.
4. The dual comb mid-infrared oscillator of claim 1, wherein the pump source (1) has a wavelength of 792nm, tm: the wavelengths of the two laser beams output by the YLF crystal (3) are 1908nm and 1910nm respectively.
5. The dual comb mid-infrared oscillator of claim 4, wherein an incident angle θ is at a laser wavelength of 1908nm 1＝ 75.3 °; when the laser wavelength is 1910nm, the incident angle theta 2＝ 75.1°。
6. A dual comb mid-infrared oscillator according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle of inclination of the input mirror (2) is 45 °.
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