CN117293439A - Battery energy storage system and thermal runaway control method - Google Patents

Battery energy storage system and thermal runaway control method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117293439A
CN117293439A CN202311262175.5A CN202311262175A CN117293439A CN 117293439 A CN117293439 A CN 117293439A CN 202311262175 A CN202311262175 A CN 202311262175A CN 117293439 A CN117293439 A CN 117293439A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
battery module
cooling unit
battery
module
liquid cooling
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Pending
Application number
CN202311262175.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘洋
闫振
范楠
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Sungrow Power Supply Co Ltd
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Sungrow Power Supply Co Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Sungrow Power Supply Co Ltd filed Critical Sungrow Power Supply Co Ltd
Priority to CN202311262175.5A priority Critical patent/CN117293439A/en
Publication of CN117293439A publication Critical patent/CN117293439A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63—Control systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The application provides a battery energy storage system and thermal runaway control method, including control system and cooling circulation system, cooling circulation system includes fire control liquid cooling unit module, each battery module in every energy storage battery case corresponds controllable valve respectively to each battery module in every energy storage battery case, under the circumstances that determines that battery module takes place thermal runaway, through the controllable valve that the battery module corresponds, control disconnection battery module and the connection of the liquid cooling unit in the energy storage battery case that the battery module belonged to, and control battery module and fire control liquid cooling unit module connection, the battery module that has taken place thermal runaway provides the coolant by fire control liquid cooling unit module. Therefore, the battery module with thermal runaway is independently provided with cooling liquid by the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module, so that the problems of influencing the operation of the whole system and expanding faults due to the thermal runaway of a single battery module cluster are solved.

Description

Battery energy storage system and thermal runaway control method
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of battery energy storage, in particular to a battery energy storage system and a thermal runaway control method.
Background
At present, a battery energy storage system has a battery thermal runaway condition, and how to control the battery thermal runaway is a technical problem which needs to be solved by people in the field at present.
In the existing scheme, each battery module in the battery box is directly connected with a liquid cooling unit in the battery box, and after the battery cluster is out of control, the whole battery box is controlled to stop charging and discharging, and meanwhile cooling liquid is accelerated to circulate to the battery cells of the battery cluster. However, in the conventional scheme, since it is necessary to control the entire battery case to stop charging and discharging, there is a problem in that the operation of the entire system is affected due to thermal runaway of the individual battery modules, and at the same time, since the coolant circulates through all the battery modules in the battery case, the electrolyte discharged from the thermal runaway battery modules increases the liquid conductivity, which may cause the battery modules, which are not thermally runaway, to be short-circuited, thus resulting in an expansion of the fault range.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a battery energy storage system and a thermal runaway control method, which aim to solve the problems that the operation of the whole system is influenced due to the thermal runaway of a single battery module and the fault range is enlarged in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical solutions:
a battery energy storage system comprising:
a control system and a cooling circulation system;
the cooling circulation system comprises a fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module and at least one energy storage battery box, wherein each energy storage battery box comprises a liquid cooling unit, at least one battery module and a controllable valve corresponding to each battery module;
the control system is used for controlling the connection of the battery module and the liquid cooling unit in the energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs and controlling the connection of the battery module and the fire control liquid cooling unit module through the controllable valve corresponding to the battery module when the thermal runaway of the battery module is determined for each battery module in each energy storage battery box; the fire protection liquid cooling unit module is used for providing cooling liquid for the battery module which is in thermal runaway.
The system, optionally, the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module comprises one or more fire-fighting liquid cooling units.
The above system, optionally, if the fire protection liquid cooling unit module includes a fire protection liquid cooling unit, the control system is configured to control to disconnect the connection between the battery module and the liquid cooling unit in the energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs by using the controllable valve corresponding to the battery module, and control the connection between the battery module and the fire protection liquid cooling unit module, where the control system is specifically configured to:
and sending a control signal to a controllable valve corresponding to the battery module, and controlling the controllable valve to switch so as to disconnect the connection between the battery module and a liquid cooling unit in an energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs and connect the battery module with a fire control liquid cooling unit in the fire control liquid cooling unit module.
The above system, optionally, if the fire protection liquid cooling unit module includes a plurality of fire protection liquid cooling units, the control system is configured to control disconnection of the battery module and a liquid cooling unit in an energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs by a controllable valve corresponding to the battery module, and control connection of the battery module and the fire protection liquid cooling unit module, and is specifically configured to:
a control signal is sent to a controllable valve corresponding to the battery module, and the controllable valve is controlled to be switched so as to disconnect the battery module from a liquid cooling unit in an energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs and connect the battery module with a target fire control liquid cooling unit; the target fire-fighting liquid cooling unit is a fire-fighting liquid cooling unit corresponding to the battery module in the fire-fighting liquid cooling units included in the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module.
The above system, optionally, the control system is specifically configured to, when determining that the battery cluster is thermally out of control:
collecting the temperature of the battery core of the battery module in real time;
judging whether the temperature of the battery cell meets a preset thermal runaway temperature condition or not;
and if the temperature of the battery cell presets a thermal runaway temperature condition, determining that the thermal runaway of the electric module occurs.
The above system, optionally, the control system is further configured to, when determining that the thermal runaway occurs in the battery cluster:
and if the temperature of the battery cell does not meet the preset thermal runaway temperature threshold, determining that the battery module is not in thermal runaway.
The system above, optionally, wherein the battery module comprises a battery cluster or a battery pack.
In the above system, optionally, the controllable valve is a three-way valve.
The system is characterized in that, optionally, a first valve port of the three-way valve is connected with a liquid cooling unit in an energy storage battery box to which the three-way valve belongs, a second valve port of the three-way valve is connected with a battery module corresponding to the three-way valve, and a third valve port of the three-way valve is connected with the fire protection liquid cooling unit module.
A thermal runaway control method suitable for use in a battery energy storage system according to any one of the preceding claims, the method comprising:
when each battery module in each energy storage battery box is determined to be out of control, the connection between the battery module and a liquid cooling unit in the energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs is controlled to be disconnected through a controllable valve corresponding to the battery module, and the battery module is controlled to be connected with a fire control liquid cooling unit module; the fire protection liquid cooling unit module is used for providing cooling liquid for the battery module which is in thermal runaway.
In the above method, optionally, the fire protection liquid cooling unit module includes one or more fire protection liquid cooling units, and the controlling to disconnect the connection between the battery module and the liquid cooling unit in the energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs and controlling the connection between the battery module and the fire protection liquid cooling unit module includes:
if the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module comprises a fire-fighting liquid cooling unit, a control signal is sent to a controllable valve corresponding to the battery module, and the controllable valve is controlled to be switched so as to disconnect the battery module from the liquid cooling unit in the energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs and connect the battery module with the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit in the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module;
if the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module comprises a plurality of fire-fighting liquid cooling units, a control signal is sent to a controllable valve corresponding to the battery module, and the controllable valve is controlled to be switched so as to disconnect the battery module from a liquid cooling unit in an energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs and connect the battery module with a target fire-fighting liquid cooling unit; the target fire-fighting liquid cooling unit is a fire-fighting liquid cooling unit corresponding to the battery module in the fire-fighting liquid cooling units included in the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module.
The method, optionally, the determining that the battery module is thermally out of control includes:
collecting the temperature of the battery core of the battery module in real time;
judging whether the temperature of the battery cell meets a preset thermal runaway temperature condition or not;
and if the temperature of the battery cell presets a thermal runaway temperature condition, determining that the thermal runaway of the electric module occurs.
The method, optionally, further comprises:
and if the temperature of the battery cell does not meet the preset thermal runaway temperature threshold, determining that the battery module is not in thermal runaway.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following advantages:
the application provides a battery energy storage system and a thermal runaway control method, the battery energy storage system comprises a control system and a cooling circulation system, the cooling circulation system comprises a fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module and at least one energy storage battery box, each energy storage battery box comprises a liquid cooling unit, at least one battery module and a controllable valve corresponding to each battery module, and therefore under the condition that thermal runaway of each battery module in each energy storage battery box is determined, the connection of the battery module and the liquid cooling unit in the energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs is controlled to be disconnected through the controllable valve corresponding to the battery module, the battery module is controlled to be connected with the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module, and cooling liquid is supplied to the battery module with thermal runaway by the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module. Therefore, according to the scheme, the whole battery box is not required to be controlled to stop charging and discharging, so that the problem that the operation of the whole system is influenced due to the thermal runaway of a single battery cluster is solved, and the battery module with the thermal runaway is independently provided with cooling liquid by the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module, so that the problem of fault expansion is solved, the safety of the battery energy storage system is further improved, and the online rate and the customer income of the battery energy storage system are improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to the provided drawings without inventive effort to a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional submerged cooling circulation system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another conventional submerged cooling circulation system;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery energy storage system provided in the present application;
FIG. 4 is a method flow of a thermal runaway determination method provided herein;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a cooling circulation system according to the present application;
fig. 6 is a method flow chart of a thermal runaway control method provided herein.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the present disclosure, are within the scope of the present disclosure.
The term "including" and variations thereof as used herein are intended to be open-ended, i.e., including, but not limited to. The term "based on" is based at least in part on. The term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment"; the term "some embodiments" means "at least some embodiments. Related definitions of other terms will be given in the description below.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like herein are merely used for distinguishing between different devices, modules, or units and not for limiting the order or interdependence of the functions performed by such devices, modules, or units.
It should be noted that the references to "one" or "a plurality" in this disclosure are intended to be illustrative rather than limiting, and those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that "one or more" is intended to be construed as "one or more" unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The subject application is operational with numerous general purpose or special purpose computing device environments or configurations. For example: personal computers, server computers, hand-held or portable devices, tablet devices, multiprocessor devices, distributed computing environments that include any of the above devices or devices, and the like.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 shows a conventional submerged cooling circulation system, in which each battery cluster in an energy storage battery box is directly connected with a liquid cooling unit in the energy storage battery box, and the circulation of cooling liquid in the submerged cooling circulation system is controlled only by the cooling unit, when a battery cell is out of control, that is, after the battery cluster is out of control, the whole energy storage battery box is controlled to stop charging and discharging, and meanwhile, the cooling liquid circulation is accelerated to cool the battery cell, so that failure is prevented from deteriorating.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 shows another conventional submerged cooling circulation system, in which each battery cluster in an energy storage battery box corresponds to a separate electronic valve, and when thermal runaway occurs in a battery core, the whole energy storage battery box is controlled to stop charging and discharging, and meanwhile, the electronic valves of all normal battery clusters are closed, and a cooling liquid circulates only in a faulty battery cluster, so that the temperature reduction of the faulty battery cluster is reduced.
In the first prior art, there is a problem in that the operation of the entire system is affected due to thermal runaway of a single battery cluster, and meanwhile, since the coolant circulates through all the battery clusters in the battery box, the electrolyte released from the thermal runaway battery cluster increases the liquid conductivity, which may cause the battery clusters that are not thermally runaway to be shorted, thereby expanding the fault range.
In the existing second scheme, the problem that the whole immersed cooling circulation system is stopped due to single-cell faults exists, so that the online rate of the energy storage system is affected, and the customer income is reduced.
Therefore, the application provides a thermal runaway control method and device and a battery energy storage system, which can solve the problems that the operation of the whole system is influenced due to the thermal runaway of a single battery cluster and the fault range is enlarged in the prior art.
The embodiment of the application provides a battery energy storage system, and a schematic mechanism diagram of the battery energy storage system is shown in fig. 3, which specifically includes:
a control system 301 and a cooling circulation system 302;
the control system 301 is connected with the cooling circulation system 302;
wherein the cooling circulation system 302 comprises a fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module and at least one energy storage battery box;
each energy storage battery box comprises a liquid cooling unit, at least one battery module and a controllable through valve corresponding to each battery module;
the control system is used for controlling the connection between the battery module and the liquid cooling unit in the energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs and controlling the connection between the battery module and the fire control liquid cooling unit module through the controllable valve corresponding to the battery module under the condition that the thermal runaway of the battery module is determined for each battery module in each energy storage battery box; the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module is used for providing cooling liquid for the battery module which is in thermal runaway.
Illustratively, the controllable valve may be a three-way valve, which may be an electronic three-way valve.
The first valve port of the three-way valve is connected with a liquid cooling unit in an energy storage battery box to which the three-way valve belongs, the second valve port of the three-way valve is connected with a battery module corresponding to the three-way valve, and the third valve port of the three-way valve is connected with a fire control liquid cooling unit module.
In this embodiment, under the condition that the battery module is not out of control, the channel between the second valve port and the third valve port of the three-way valve corresponding to the battery module is closed, and the channel between the first valve port of the three-way valve and the second valve port of the three-way valve is communicated, so that the connection between the battery module and the liquid cooling unit in the energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs is realized, and the liquid cooling unit in the energy storage battery box provides cooling liquid for the battery module, so that the normal operation of the system is ensured.
Under the condition that the battery module is out of control, a channel between a first valve port and a second valve port of a three-way valve corresponding to the battery module is closed, and the channel in front of the second valve port and a third valve port of the three-way valve is communicated, so that the connection between the battery module and a liquid cooling unit in an energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs is disconnected, the battery module is connected with a fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module, and the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module supplies cooling liquid to the battery module.
In this embodiment, the control system controls to disconnect the connection between the battery module and the liquid cooling unit in the energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs through the controllable valve corresponding to the battery module, and controls the connection process between the battery module and the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module.
In this embodiment, the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module is disposed outside the energy storage battery box.
In this embodiment, the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module includes one fire-fighting liquid cooling unit or a plurality of fire-fighting liquid cooling units.
If the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module comprises a fire-fighting liquid cooling unit, the control system is used for controlling to disconnect the connection between the battery module and the liquid cooling unit in the energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs through the controllable valve corresponding to the battery module, and controlling the battery module to be connected with the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module, and the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module is specifically used for:
and sending a control signal to a controllable valve corresponding to the battery module, so that the controllable valve disconnects the connection between the battery module and the liquid cooling unit in the energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs according to the control signal, and connects the battery module with the fire control liquid cooling unit in the fire control liquid cooling unit module.
In this embodiment, if the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module includes a fire-fighting liquid cooling unit, the control system is configured to control to disconnect the connection between the battery module and the liquid cooling unit in the energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs through the controllable valve corresponding to the battery module, and control the connection between the battery module and the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module, where the control system is specifically configured to:
and sending a control signal to a controllable valve corresponding to the battery module, and controlling the controllable valve to switch so as to disconnect the battery module from a liquid cooling unit in an energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs and connect the battery module with a fire control liquid cooling unit in a fire control liquid cooling unit module.
In this embodiment, if the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module includes a fire-fighting liquid cooling unit, the control system sends a control signal to the controllable valve corresponding to the electromagnetic module when determining that the battery module is out of control, so as to control the controllable valve to switch, so as to disconnect the battery module from the liquid cooling unit in the energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs, and connect the battery module with the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit in the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module.
Specifically, the control system sends a control signal to the three-way valve corresponding to the battery module, controls the valve core in the three-way valve to move so as to seal a channel between the first valve port and the second valve port of the three-way valve corresponding to the battery module, and is communicated with the channel in front of the second valve port and the third valve port of the three-way valve, so that the connection between the battery module and the liquid cooling unit in the energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs is disconnected, the battery module and the fire control liquid cooling unit in the fire control liquid cooling unit module are connected, and the fire control liquid cooling unit in the fire control liquid cooling unit module supplies cooling liquid to the battery module.
In this embodiment, if the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module includes a fire-fighting liquid cooling unit, the control system is configured to control to disconnect the connection between the battery module and the liquid cooling unit in the energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs through the controllable valve corresponding to the battery module, and control the connection between the battery module and the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module, where the control system is specifically configured to:
a control signal is sent to a controllable valve corresponding to the battery module, and the controllable valve is controlled to be switched, so that the connection between the battery module and a liquid cooling unit in an energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs is disconnected, and the battery module is connected with a target fire control liquid cooling unit; the target fire-fighting liquid cooling unit is a fire-fighting liquid cooling unit corresponding to the battery module in the fire-fighting liquid cooling units included by the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module.
In this embodiment, if the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module includes a plurality of fire-fighting liquid cooling units, the control system sends a control signal to a controllable valve corresponding to the electromagnetic module when determining that thermal runaway occurs in the battery module, and controls the controllable valve to switch, so as to disconnect the battery module from the liquid cooling unit in the energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs, and connect the battery module with the target fire-fighting liquid cooling unit; the target fire-fighting liquid cooling unit is a fire-fighting liquid cooling unit corresponding to the battery module in the fire-fighting liquid cooling units included by the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module.
Specifically, the control system sends a control signal to the three-way valve corresponding to the battery module, controls the valve core in the three-way valve to move so as to close a channel between the first valve port and the second valve port of the three-way valve corresponding to the battery module, and is communicated with a channel in front of the second valve port and the third valve port of the three-way valve, so that the connection between the battery module and a liquid cooling unit in an energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs is disconnected, the battery module and a target fire-fighting liquid cooling unit in a fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module are connected, and the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit in the target fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module supplies cooling liquid to the battery module.
In the system provided by the embodiment of the application, the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module comprises a fire-fighting liquid cooling unit or a plurality of fire-fighting liquid cooling units, if the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module comprises a fire-fighting liquid cooling unit, each battery module which is in thermal runaway is connected with the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit, the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit provides cooling liquid, if the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module comprises a plurality of fire-fighting liquid cooling units, each battery module which is in thermal runaway is only connected with the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit which is corresponding to each other, and the fire-fighting liquid unit which is corresponding to each battery module provides cooling liquid.
It should be noted that, if the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module includes a plurality of fire-fighting liquid cooling units, the energy storage battery boxes and the fire-fighting liquid cooling units may be in a one-to-one relationship, or may be in a many-to-one relationship, that is, one fire-fighting liquid cooling unit is configured by one energy storage battery box, or one fire-fighting liquid cooling unit is configured by a plurality of energy storage battery boxes.
Referring to fig. 4, the control system determines a thermal runaway process of the battery cluster, and specifically includes the following steps:
s401, acquiring the cell temperature of the battery module in real time.
And aiming at each battery module in each energy storage battery box, acquiring the cell temperature of the battery module in real time, and specifically, acquiring the cell temperature in a battery cluster through a temperature acquisition device.
S402, judging whether the temperature of the battery cell meets the preset thermal runaway temperature condition, if not, executing S403, and if so, executing S404.
And judging whether the cell temperature meets a preset thermal runaway temperature condition or not according to the acquired cell temperature of each battery module in each energy storage battery box.
Wherein, the preset thermal runaway temperature condition is set according to the requirement.
And S403, determining that the battery module is not in thermal runaway.
If the temperature of the battery cell does not meet the preset thermal runaway temperature condition, determining that the battery module is not in thermal runaway.
And S404, determining that the battery module is out of control.
And if the temperature of the battery cell does not meet the preset thermal runaway temperature condition, determining that the battery module is in thermal runaway.
In this embodiment, whether the battery module is thermally out of control is determined by acquiring the temperature of the current collector, so that the valve can be switched before the electrolyte of the battery module leaks, and the electrolyte is prevented from circulating through other battery modules which are not thermally out of control.
In this embodiment, the battery module includes a battery cluster or a battery pack.
It should be noted that the cooling circulation system in this embodiment may be an immersion cooling circulation system.
Referring to fig. 5, a schematic structural diagram of a cooling circulation system is shown in fig. 5, the cooling circulation system includes a fire-fighting liquid cooling unit and at least one energy storage battery box (such as the energy storage battery boxes 1, … … and the energy storage battery box m in fig. 5), each energy storage battery box includes a liquid cooling unit, at least one battery cluster (such as the battery clusters 1, 2, … … and n in fig. 5) and an electronic three-way valve (such as the electronic three-way valve 1, 2, … … and n in fig. 5) corresponding to each battery cluster, wherein a first port of each electronic three-way valve in each energy storage battery box is connected with the liquid cooling unit in the energy storage battery box, a second port is connected with the corresponding battery cluster, a third port is connected with the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit, and the electronic three-way valve is controlled by a control system. Wherein the first valve port of the electronic three-way valve is the valve port 1 in fig. 5, the second valve port of the electronic three-way valve is the valve port 2 in fig. 5, and the third valve port of the electronic three-way valve is the valve port 3 in fig. 5.
As shown in fig. 5, in a normal refrigeration mode, that is, when the battery clusters in the energy storage battery box are not out of control, the first valve port and the second valve port of the electronic three-way valve are communicated, so that the battery clusters in the energy storage battery box are connected with the liquid cooling unit, the liquid cooling unit in the energy storage battery box supplies cooling liquid to the battery clusters in the energy storage battery box, the temperature of the battery clusters is controlled, and the normal operation of the system is ensured; when any battery cluster in the energy storage battery box is in thermal runaway, the control system sends a second control signal to the sending target electronic three-way valve to control the switching of the target electronic three-way valve, so that the second valve port and the third valve port of the target electronic three-way valve are communicated, the battery cluster in the energy storage battery box is connected with the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit, the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit is started, cooling liquid is provided for the battery cluster in thermal runaway by the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit, and the temperature reduction of the battery cluster in thermal runaway is controlled; the target electronic three-way valve is an electronic three-way valve corresponding to a battery cluster with thermal runaway.
The battery energy storage system comprises a control system and a cooling circulation system, wherein the cooling circulation system comprises a fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module and at least one energy storage battery box, each energy storage battery box comprises a liquid cooling unit, at least one battery module and controllable valves corresponding to each battery module, so that each battery module in each energy storage battery box is determined to be in thermal runaway, the connection of the battery module and the liquid cooling unit in the energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs is controlled to be disconnected through the controllable valves corresponding to the battery module, and the battery module is controlled to be connected with the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module, and cooling liquid is supplied to the battery module which is in thermal runaway by the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module. Therefore, according to the scheme, the whole battery box is not required to be controlled to stop charging and discharging, so that the problem that the operation of the whole system is influenced due to thermal runaway of a single battery module is solved, and the battery module with the thermal runaway is independently provided with cooling liquid by the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module, so that the problem of fault expansion is solved, the safety of a battery energy storage system is further improved, and the online rate of the battery energy storage system and the income of customers are improved.
The embodiment of the application also provides a thermal runaway control method, which can be applied to the above-mentioned battery energy storage system, wherein the execution main body is a control system in the battery energy storage system, and a flow chart of the thermal runaway control method is shown in fig. 6, and specifically includes:
s601, judging whether thermal runaway occurs in each battery module in each energy storage battery box, if not, returning to S601, and if yes, executing S603.
In this embodiment, each battery module in each energy storage battery box is connected with a liquid cooling unit module in the energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs through a controllable valve corresponding to the battery module in advance, that is, after the cooling circulation system is electrified, each battery module in each energy storage battery box is connected with a liquid cooling unit module in the energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs through a controllable valve corresponding to the battery module, and the liquid cooling unit in the battery box cools all the battery modules, so that the system is ensured to normally operate.
The controllable valve can be a three-way valve, and the three-way valve can be an electronic three-way valve.
The first valve port of the three-way valve is connected with a liquid cooling unit in an energy storage battery box to which the three-way valve belongs, the second valve port of the three-way valve is connected with a battery module corresponding to the three-way valve, and the third valve port of the three-way valve is connected with a fire control liquid cooling unit module.
In this embodiment, after the cooling circulation system is powered on, the channel between the second valve port and the third valve port of the three-way valve corresponding to the battery module is closed, and the channel between the first valve port of the three-way valve and the second valve port of the three-way valve is communicated, so that the connection between the battery module and the liquid cooling unit in the energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs is realized, and the liquid cooling unit in the energy storage battery box provides cooling liquid for the battery module, so that the normal operation of the system is ensured.
For each battery module in each energy storage battery box, judging whether the battery module is in thermal runaway, executing step S601 when the battery module is determined to be in thermal runaway so as to realize thermal runaway monitoring of the battery module, and executing step S602 when the battery module is determined not to be in thermal runaway.
The specific implementation process for determining that the battery is out of control is shown in fig. 4, and will not be described herein.
In this example, the battery module includes a battery cluster or a battery pack.
S602, controlling to disconnect the connection between the battery module and the liquid cooling unit in the energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs through a controllable valve corresponding to the battery module, and controlling the connection between the battery module and the fire control liquid cooling unit module.
In this embodiment, when it is determined that thermal runaway occurs in a battery cluster for each battery module in each energy storage battery box, the connection between the battery module and the liquid cooling unit in the energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs is controlled to be disconnected through a controllable valve corresponding to the battery cluster, and the battery module is controlled to be connected with the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module, so that a cooling liquid circulation path between the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module and the battery module is formed, and cooling liquid is provided for the battery module by the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module, so that the temperature of the battery module is reduced.
The controllable valve can be a three-way valve, a first valve port of the three-way valve is connected with a liquid cooling unit in an energy storage battery box to which the three-way valve belongs, a second valve port of the three-way valve is connected with a battery module corresponding to the three-way valve, and a third valve port of the three-way valve is connected with a fire control liquid cooling unit module.
The process of controlling and disconnecting the battery module from the liquid cooling unit in the energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs and controlling the connection of the battery module and the fire control liquid cooling unit module through the controllable valve corresponding to the battery cluster specifically comprises the following steps: and closing a channel between a first valve port and a second valve port of the three-way valve corresponding to the battery module, and connecting the channel in front of the second valve port and a third valve port of the three-way valve, so as to disconnect the battery module from a liquid cooling unit in an energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs, connect the battery module with a fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module, and provide cooling liquid for the battery module by the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module.
In this embodiment, the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module includes one fire-fighting liquid cooling unit or a plurality of fire-fighting liquid cooling units.
In this embodiment, through the controllable valve corresponding to the battery module, the connection between the battery module and the liquid cooling unit in the energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs is controlled to be disconnected, and the connection process between the battery module and the fire protection liquid cooling unit module is controlled, which specifically includes the following steps:
if the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module comprises a fire-fighting liquid cooling unit, a control signal is sent to a controllable valve corresponding to the battery module, and the controllable valve is controlled to be switched so as to disconnect the battery module from the liquid cooling unit in the energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs and connect the battery module with the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit in the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module;
if the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module comprises a plurality of fire-fighting liquid cooling units, a control signal is sent to the controllable valve corresponding to the battery module, and the controllable valve is controlled to be switched so as to disconnect the battery module from the liquid cooling unit in the energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs and connect the battery module with the target fire-fighting liquid cooling unit; the target fire-fighting liquid cooling unit is a fire-fighting liquid cooling unit corresponding to the battery module in the fire-fighting liquid cooling units included by the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module.
In this embodiment, if the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module includes a fire-fighting liquid cooling unit, the control system sends a control signal to the controllable valve corresponding to the electromagnetic module when determining that the battery module is out of control, so as to control the controllable valve to switch, so as to disconnect the battery module from the liquid cooling unit in the energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs, and connect the battery module with the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit in the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module. Specifically, the control system sends a control signal to the three-way valve corresponding to the battery module, controls the valve core in the three-way valve to move so as to seal a channel between the first valve port and the second valve port of the three-way valve corresponding to the battery module, and is communicated with the channel in front of the second valve port and the third valve port of the three-way valve, so that the connection between the battery module and the liquid cooling unit in the energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs is disconnected, the battery module and the fire control liquid cooling unit in the fire control liquid cooling unit module are connected, and the fire control liquid cooling unit in the fire control liquid cooling unit module supplies cooling liquid to the battery module.
In this embodiment, if the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module includes a plurality of fire-fighting liquid cooling units, the control system sends a control signal to the controllable valve corresponding to the electromagnetic module when determining that the battery module is out of control, so as to control the controllable valve to switch, disconnect the battery module from the liquid cooling unit in the energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs, and connect the battery module with the target fire-fighting liquid cooling unit. Specifically, the control system sends a control signal to the three-way valve corresponding to the battery module, controls the valve core in the three-way valve to move so as to close a channel between the first valve port and the second valve port of the three-way valve corresponding to the battery module, and is communicated with a channel in front of the second valve port and the third valve port of the three-way valve, so that the connection between the battery module and a liquid cooling unit in an energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs is disconnected, the battery module and a target fire-fighting liquid cooling unit in a fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module are connected, and the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit in the target fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module supplies cooling liquid to the battery module.
According to the scheme, the three-way electromagnetic valve at the battery cluster level (or the battery pack level) is introduced, the cooling loop under the normal working condition is isolated from the fire-fighting cooling loop after the thermal runaway of the battery cell, the station level (or the power unit level or the battery box level) fire-fighting cooling unit is arranged, and the battery cluster (or the battery pack) where the thermal runaway battery cell is located is controlled by the fire-fighting cooling unit independently to be damaged. The battery cell can solve the problem of great heat productivity of the battery cell in thermal runaway, increase cooling power and circulation rate, rapidly take away heat and inhibit further deterioration of the battery cell in problem.
According to the thermal runaway control method provided by the embodiment of the application, the cooling circulation system comprises the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module, each battery module corresponds to a controllable valve, so that when the battery cluster is determined to be in thermal runaway, each battery module in each energy storage battery box is connected with the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module through the controllable valve corresponding to the battery module, and cooling liquid is supplied to the battery module by the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module. Therefore, according to the scheme, the whole battery box is not required to be controlled to stop charging and discharging, so that the problem that the operation of the whole system is influenced due to thermal runaway of a single battery module is solved, and the battery module with the thermal runaway is independently provided with cooling liquid by the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module, so that the problem of fault expansion is solved, the safety of a battery energy storage system is improved, and the online rate of the battery energy storage system and the income of customers are improved.
It should be noted that although operations are depicted in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous.
It should be understood that the various steps recited in the method embodiments disclosed herein may be performed in a different order and/or performed in parallel. Furthermore, method embodiments may include additional steps and/or omit performing the illustrated steps. The scope of the present disclosure is not limited in this respect.
Although the subject matter has been described in language specific to structural features and/or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the subject matter defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are example forms of implementing the claims.
While several specific implementation details are included in the above discussion, these should not be construed as limiting the scope of the disclosure. Certain features that are described in the context of separate embodiments can also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment can also be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in any suitable subcombination.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments disclosed herein and of the principles of the technology being employed. It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the scope of the disclosure referred to in this application is not limited to the specific combinations of features described above, but it is intended to cover other embodiments in which any combination of features described above or equivalents thereof is possible without departing from the spirit of the disclosure. Such as the one described above, are replaced with other features disclosed in the present disclosure (but not limited to) having similar functions.

Claims (13)

1. A battery energy storage system, comprising:
a control system and a cooling circulation system;
the cooling circulation system comprises a fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module and at least one energy storage battery box, wherein each energy storage battery box comprises a liquid cooling unit, at least one battery module and a controllable valve corresponding to each battery module;
the control system is used for controlling the connection of the battery module and the liquid cooling unit in the energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs and controlling the connection of the battery module and the fire control liquid cooling unit module through the controllable valve corresponding to the battery module when the thermal runaway of the battery module is determined for each battery module in each energy storage battery box; the fire protection liquid cooling unit module is used for providing cooling liquid for the battery module which is in thermal runaway.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the fire-fighting fluid-cooling unit module comprises one or more fire-fighting fluid-cooling units.
3. The system according to claim 2, wherein if the fire protection fluid cooling unit module includes a fire protection fluid cooling unit, the control system is configured to control disconnection of the battery module from the fluid cooling unit in the energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs and control connection of the battery module to the fire protection fluid cooling unit module through the controllable valve corresponding to the battery module, when:
and sending a control signal to a controllable valve corresponding to the battery module, and controlling the controllable valve to switch so as to disconnect the connection between the battery module and a liquid cooling unit in an energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs and connect the battery module with a fire control liquid cooling unit in the fire control liquid cooling unit module.
4. The system according to claim 2, wherein if the fire protection fluid cooling unit module includes a plurality of fire protection fluid cooling units, the control system is specifically configured to, when controlling to disconnect the battery module from the fluid cooling unit in the energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs and controlling to connect the battery module to the fire protection fluid cooling unit module by the controllable valve corresponding to the battery module:
a control signal is sent to a controllable valve corresponding to the battery module, and the controllable valve is controlled to be switched so as to disconnect the battery module from a liquid cooling unit in an energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs and connect the battery module with a target fire control liquid cooling unit; the target fire-fighting liquid cooling unit is a fire-fighting liquid cooling unit corresponding to the battery module in the fire-fighting liquid cooling units included in the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module.
5. The system according to claim 1, wherein the control system, upon determining that thermal runaway of the battery cluster occurs, is specifically configured to:
collecting the temperature of the battery core of the battery module in real time;
judging whether the temperature of the battery cell meets a preset thermal runaway temperature condition or not;
and if the temperature of the battery cell presets a thermal runaway temperature condition, determining that the thermal runaway of the electric module occurs.
6. The system of claim 5, wherein the control system, upon determining that thermal runaway of the battery cluster occurs, is further configured to:
and if the temperature of the battery cell does not meet the preset thermal runaway temperature threshold, determining that the battery module is not in thermal runaway.
7. The system of claim 1, wherein the battery module comprises a battery cluster or a battery pack.
8. The system of any one of claims 1-7, wherein the controllable valve is a three-way valve.
9. The system of claim 8, wherein a first port of the three-way valve is connected to a liquid cooling unit in an energy storage battery box to which the three-way valve belongs, a second port of the three-way valve is connected to a battery module corresponding to the three-way valve, and a third port of the three-way valve is connected to the fire protection liquid cooling unit module.
10. A thermal runaway control method, wherein the thermal runaway control method is applicable to the battery energy storage system of any one of claims 1-9, the method comprising:
when each battery module in each energy storage battery box is determined to be out of control, the connection between the battery module and a liquid cooling unit in the energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs is controlled to be disconnected through a controllable valve corresponding to the battery module, and the battery module is controlled to be connected with a fire control liquid cooling unit module; the fire protection liquid cooling unit module is used for providing cooling liquid for the battery module which is in thermal runaway.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the fire protection fluid chiller module includes one or more fire protection fluid chiller modules, and wherein controlling disconnection of the battery module from the fluid chiller modules in the energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs and controlling connection of the battery module to the fire protection fluid chiller module via the controllable valves corresponding to the battery module includes:
if the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module comprises a fire-fighting liquid cooling unit, a control signal is sent to a controllable valve corresponding to the battery module, and the controllable valve is controlled to be switched so as to disconnect the battery module from the liquid cooling unit in the energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs and connect the battery module with the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit in the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module;
if the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module comprises a plurality of fire-fighting liquid cooling units, a control signal is sent to a controllable valve corresponding to the battery module, and the controllable valve is controlled to be switched so as to disconnect the battery module from a liquid cooling unit in an energy storage battery box to which the battery module belongs and connect the battery module with a target fire-fighting liquid cooling unit; the target fire-fighting liquid cooling unit is a fire-fighting liquid cooling unit corresponding to the battery module in the fire-fighting liquid cooling units included in the fire-fighting liquid cooling unit module.
12. The method of claim 10, wherein the determining that thermal runaway of the battery module occurred comprises:
collecting the temperature of the battery core of the battery module in real time;
judging whether the temperature of the battery cell meets a preset thermal runaway temperature condition or not;
and if the temperature of the battery cell presets a thermal runaway temperature condition, determining that the thermal runaway of the electric module occurs.
13. The method as recited in claim 12, further comprising:
and if the temperature of the battery cell does not meet the preset thermal runaway temperature threshold, determining that the battery module is not in thermal runaway.
CN202311262175.5A 2023-09-27 2023-09-27 Battery energy storage system and thermal runaway control method Pending CN117293439A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311262175.5A CN117293439A (en) 2023-09-27 2023-09-27 Battery energy storage system and thermal runaway control method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311262175.5A CN117293439A (en) 2023-09-27 2023-09-27 Battery energy storage system and thermal runaway control method

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN117293439A true CN117293439A (en) 2023-12-26

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