CN117293371A - Novel tail gas circulation system suitable for proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell - Google Patents
Novel tail gas circulation system suitable for proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117293371A CN117293371A CN202311043530.XA CN202311043530A CN117293371A CN 117293371 A CN117293371 A CN 117293371A CN 202311043530 A CN202311043530 A CN 202311043530A CN 117293371 A CN117293371 A CN 117293371A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- hydrogen fuel
- hydrogen
- air
- output
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04052—Storage of heat in the fuel cell system
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04097—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with recycling of the reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04291—Arrangements for managing water in solid electrolyte fuel cell systems
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
A novel tail gas circulation system suitable for a proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell is characterized in that one input end of the hydrogen fuel cell is used for inputting air, and the air sequentially enters the hydrogen fuel cell through an air filter and an air pressurizing device; the other input of the hydrogen fuel cell is hydrogen input, hydrogen is output from the hydrogen storage device and enters the hydrogen fuel cell through the hydrogen feeding pipeline; tail exhaust gas output by the hydrogen fuel cell enters a condensation heat exchange device, and heat output by the condensation heat exchange device enters a heat recovery unit for heat recovery; the other output end of the condensing heat exchange device is connected with a steam-water separation device, and gas output by the steam-water separation device enters an air pressurizing device. The invention realizes the recovery of the waste heat of the tail gas of the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell and the pure water as a byproduct; the recycling of the water-containing tail gas of the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell is realized, and the equipment investment of the air humidifying unit of the conventional hydrogen fuel cell and the running electricity and water consumption of the humidifying unit are saved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of hydrogen energy power generation, and particularly relates to a novel tail gas circulation system suitable for a proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell.
Background
Currently, an air pressurizing device (such as an air compressor) is adopted in a cathode raw material air inlet system of a proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell to pressurize and supply normal-pressure air. In order to ensure that the proton exchange membrane has sufficient wettability to reduce the proton conduction resistance in the membrane and improve the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell, a humidifying system (a humidifying water pump and humidifying equipment) is arranged on an air pipeline after the pressure is increased to humidify air, and desalted water is adopted for humidifying water; the byproduct desalted water produced in the operation of the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell is discharged out of the fuel cell module along with the excessive air of the cathode of the fuel cell in the form of steam water at about 60 ℃ and then enters the atmosphere. A schematic diagram of a typical pem hydrogen fuel cell system is shown in fig. 1.
However, the air humidifying device increases system investment, running electricity consumption and desalted water consumption; the direct exhaust system of the fuel cell tail gas leads to heat loss and desalted water loss.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that: aiming at the defects of energy consumption and water consumption of an air inlet humidifying system of a conventional proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell and heat loss and water loss of an exhaust gas discharging system, the invention provides a novel exhaust gas treatment circulating system, which cancels the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell air humidifying system and reduces the self-power consumption, humidifying water consumption and exhaust heat consumption of the fuel cell system.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a novel tail gas circulation system suitable for a proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell comprises a hydrogen fuel cell, wherein one input end of the hydrogen fuel cell is used for inputting air, and the air sequentially enters the hydrogen fuel cell through an air filter and an air pressurizing device; the other input of the hydrogen fuel cell is hydrogen input, hydrogen is output from the hydrogen storage device and enters the hydrogen fuel cell through the hydrogen feeding pipeline; after the electric energy output by the hydrogen fuel cell passes through the inversion boosting device, peak-time electricity is sent into the electricity terminal;
tail exhaust gas output by the hydrogen fuel cell enters a condensation heat exchange device, and heat output by the condensation heat exchange device enters a heat recovery unit for heat recovery; the other output end of the condensing heat exchange device is connected with a steam-water separation device, and gas output by the steam-water separation device enters an air pressurizing device.
And a tail gas automatic regulating valve is arranged between the hydrogen fuel cell and the condensation heat exchange device.
And a circulating tail gas automatic regulating valve is arranged between the steam-water separation device and the air pressurizing device.
An online purity humidity measuring device is arranged on an output pipeline of tail exhaust of the hydrogen fuel cell and an air inlet pipeline of the air pressurizing device, and the online purity humidity measuring device is in communication connection with a fuel cell power generation DCS system; the online purity humidity measuring device comprises a pressure detector, a humidity detector and a flowmeter.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the recovery of the waste heat of the tail gas of the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell and the pure water serving as a byproduct is realized; the recycling of the water-containing tail gas of the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell is realized, and the equipment investment of the air humidifying unit of the conventional hydrogen fuel cell and the running electricity and water consumption of the humidifying unit are saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art conventional PEM hydrogen fuel cell intake and exhaust system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the intake and exhaust system of the novel PEMFC of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic process flow diagram of the air intake and exhaust system of the novel proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 2, a novel tail gas circulation system suitable for a proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell comprises a hydrogen fuel cell 3, wherein one input end of the hydrogen fuel cell 3 is used for inputting air, and the air sequentially enters the hydrogen fuel cell 3 through an air filter 5 and an air pressurizing device 4; the other input of the hydrogen fuel cell 3 is a hydrogen input, and hydrogen is output from the hydrogen storage device 6 and enters the hydrogen fuel cell 3 through a hydrogen feed pipe. The electric energy output from the hydrogen fuel cell 3 passes through the inverter/booster device 2, and then the peak-time electricity is sent to the electricity terminal 1.
In the application, tail exhaust gas output by the hydrogen fuel cell 3 enters a condensation heat exchange device 7, and heat output by the condensation heat exchange device 7 enters a heat recovery unit for heat recovery; in addition, the other output end of the condensation heat exchange device 7 is connected with a steam-water separation device 8, and gas output by the steam-water separation device 8 enters the air pressurizing device 4 and simultaneously carries out water recovery on tail water output by the steam-water separation device 8.
Further, a tail gas automatic regulating valve is provided between the hydrogen fuel cell 3 and the condensation heat exchange device 7.
Further, a circulating tail gas automatic regulating valve is arranged between the steam-water separation device 8 and the air pressurizing device 4.
Further, an on-line purity humidity measuring device is arranged on an output pipeline of tail exhaust of the hydrogen fuel cell 3 and an air inlet pipeline of the air pressurizing device 4, and the on-line purity humidity measuring device is in communication connection with a fuel cell power generation DCS system; the online purity humidity measuring device comprises a pressure detector, a humidity detector and a flowmeter.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the tail gas containing water at the temperature of about 60 ℃ of the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell is utilized, the partial recovery of the tail gas heat is realized through a condensation heat exchange device 7, and the partial recovery of the byproduct pure water is realized through a steam-water separation device 8. The water-containing tail gas after heat exchange condensation and steam-water separation is returned to the inlet of the air pressurizing device 4 of the hydrogen fuel cell 3 through a tail gas circulation loop.
The working method of the invention is as follows:
step 1: determining the exhaust parameters (temperature, pressure, flow, water vapor content and the like) of the fuel cell according to the parameters and the performance curve of the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell;
step 2: determining cathode air inlet parameters (flow, temperature, humidity and the like) of the fuel cell according to parameters and performance curves of the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell;
step 3: determining specification parameters and structural dimensions of the condensation heat exchange device 7 and the steam-water separation device 8 and specifications of various pipelines, valves and meters according to the fuel cell air inlet and air outlet parameters determined in the steps 1 and 2;
step 4: the air parameters of the air pressurizing device meet the requirements of the step 2 through dynamic control and adjustment of an air inlet adjusting valve, a condenser water inlet adjusting valve, a steam-water separator water discharge adjusting valve, a separator air discharge adjusting valve and a clean air inlet adjusting valve of the condensation heat exchange device 7;
step 5: and 4, setting necessary flow, pressure instruments, flow regulating valves and the like on a fuel cell tail gas circulation loop according to the control logic of the cathode air inlet system of the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell in the step 4, and incorporating the necessary flow, pressure instruments, flow regulating valves and the like into the whole fuel cell power generation DCS system.
The operation principle of the invention is as follows:
(1) When the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell operates, the tail gas firstly enters a condensation heat exchanger, and the primary cooling of the water-containing tail gas of the fuel cell and the partial recovery of the heat of the tail gas are realized through the adjustment of the flow rate of the condensate water and an exhaust valve;
(2) The pre-cooled tail gas enters a steam-water separator, and partial recovery of the byproduct desalted water of the fuel cell is realized through adjustment of a water drainage and exhaust valve of the separator;
the comprehensive control and adjustment of the load adjusting valves of the heat exchange condenser and the steam-water separator are realized through the DCS system, and the recovery of the waste heat of the tail gas and the pure water of the byproducts is realized under the precondition of ensuring the most proper cathode air inlet humidity of the battery. Finally, stable and efficient electric quantity output of the proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell is achieved.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several changes and modifications can be made without departing from the general inventive concept, and these should also be regarded as the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. Novel tail gas circulation system suitable for proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell, its characterized in that: comprises a hydrogen fuel cell (3), wherein one input end of the hydrogen fuel cell (3) is used for inputting air, and the air sequentially enters the hydrogen fuel cell (3) through an air filter (5) and an air pressurizing device (4); the other input of the hydrogen fuel cell (3) is hydrogen input, hydrogen is output from the hydrogen storage device (6) and enters the hydrogen fuel cell (3) through a hydrogen feeding pipeline; after the electric energy output by the hydrogen fuel cell (3) passes through the inversion boosting device (2), peak-time electricity is sent into the electricity terminal (1);
tail exhaust gas output by the hydrogen fuel cell (3) enters a condensation heat exchange device (7), and heat output by the condensation heat exchange device (7) enters a heat recovery unit for heat recovery; the other output end of the condensation heat exchange device (7) is connected with a steam-water separation device (8), and gas output by the steam-water separation device (8) enters the air pressurizing device (4).
2. A novel exhaust gas recirculation system for a proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a tail gas automatic regulating valve is arranged between the hydrogen fuel cell (3) and the condensation heat exchange device (7).
3. A novel exhaust gas recirculation system for a proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell as claimed in claim 1, wherein: an automatic circulating tail gas regulating valve is arranged between the steam-water separation device (8) and the air pressurizing device (4).
4. A novel exhaust gas recirculation system for a proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell as claimed in claim 1, wherein: an online purity humidity measuring device is arranged on an output pipeline of tail exhaust of the hydrogen fuel cell (3) and an air inlet pipeline of the air pressurizing device (4), and the online purity humidity measuring device is in communication connection with a fuel cell power generation DCS system; the online purity humidity measuring device comprises a pressure detector, a humidity detector and a flowmeter.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311043530.XA CN117293371A (en) | 2023-08-18 | 2023-08-18 | Novel tail gas circulation system suitable for proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311043530.XA CN117293371A (en) | 2023-08-18 | 2023-08-18 | Novel tail gas circulation system suitable for proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117293371A true CN117293371A (en) | 2023-12-26 |
Family
ID=89243406
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311043530.XA Pending CN117293371A (en) | 2023-08-18 | 2023-08-18 | Novel tail gas circulation system suitable for proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117293371A (en) |
-
2023
- 2023-08-18 CN CN202311043530.XA patent/CN117293371A/en active Pending
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