CN117286411A - Stress corrosion resistant anchor rod steel and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Stress corrosion resistant anchor rod steel and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 138
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- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 17
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 42
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
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- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/02—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling heavy work, e.g. ingots, slabs, blooms, or billets, in which the cross-sectional form is unimportant ; Rolling combined with forging or pressing
- B21B1/026—Rolling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of low alloy steel, in particular to stress corrosion resistant anchor rod steel and a preparation method and application thereof. The stress corrosion resistant anchor rod steel comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.1 to 0.25 percent of C, 0.25 to 0.35 percent of Si, 0.5 to 0.7 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of S, 1 to 2 percent of Ni, 0.4 to 0.5 percent of Cu, 0.9 to 2 percent of Cr, 0.06 to 0.1 percent of V, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities. According to the invention, the content of Ni, cu, cr and other alloy elements is added and regulated within a certain range on the basis of the traditional anchor rod material, and the Ni+Cr+Cu is further controlled to be less than or equal to 2.5% and less than or equal to 4.5%, the Ni/Cu is more than or equal to 2.5% and less than 4, and the Ni/Cr is more than 0.7 and less than 1.5, so that the stress corrosion resistance of the anchor rod steel can be remarkably improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of low alloy steel, in particular to stress corrosion resistant anchor rod steel and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the increasing mining depth of mines, the service environment is continuously deteriorated, and the problem of premature failure of an anchoring structure exists in many coal mines, and the problem of premature failure of an anchoring system is mostly caused by corrosion through on-site investigation and laboratory research. Stress corrosion is used as a main damage form of an anchor rod in a mine environment, so that sudden accidents are easy to cause, and the safety and reliability of mine exploitation are seriously threatened.
The anchor rod service environment in the mine environment has complex components and low pH value, and is easy to cause acidification; chloride ions, sulfides, carbonates, sulfates and the like have higher corrosiveness, and are easy to cause the failure problems of hydrogen embrittlement, stress corrosion and the like of the anchor rod. In addition, axial tensile stress and lateral shear stress are born in the service process in the mine environment, the stress state is changed along with the deformation of surrounding rock, the bearing load is complex and multidirectional, and critical stress required by fracture is easy to achieve. Therefore, the stress corrosion sensitivity of the commercial mining anchor rod steel under the mine is high at present, and the stress corrosion cracking accident is frequently caused. However, the traditional anchor rod steel only focuses on the improvement of strength, less researches on stress corrosion resistance are carried out, and some common anti-corrosion measures, such as surface coating, grouting, cathodic protection and the like, are still difficult to prevent the occurrence of stress corrosion cracking under certain conditions, and even increase the cracking risk.
In view of this, the present invention has been made.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide stress corrosion resistant anchor rod steel so as to solve the technical problems of poor stress corrosion resistance and the like of the anchor rod steel in the prior art.
Another object of the invention is to provide a method for producing a stress corrosion resistant anchor steel.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide the use of stress corrosion resistant rock bolt steel in the manufacture of mining rock bolts.
In order to achieve the above object of the present invention, the present invention provides a stress corrosion resistant anchor rod steel comprising the following components in mass percent:
0.1 to 0.25 percent of C, 0.25 to 0.35 percent of Si, 0.5 to 0.7 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of S, 1 to 2 percent of Ni, 0.4 to 0.5 percent of Cu, 0.9 to 2 percent of Cr, 0.06 to 0.1 percent of V, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
In the concrete embodiment of the invention, in the stress corrosion resistant anchor rod steel, the mass percentages of Ni, cr and Cu are as follows: ni+Cr+Cu is more than or equal to 2.5% and less than or equal to 4.5%.
In the concrete embodiment of the invention, in the stress corrosion resistant anchor rod steel, the mass percentages of Ni, cr and Cu are as follows: ni/Cu is more than 2.5 and less than 4, ni/Cr is more than 0.7 and less than 1.5.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the stress corrosion resistant anchor rod steel further comprises Sb. Further, in the stress corrosion resistant anchor rod steel, the mass percentage of Sb is 0.05-0.12%.
In the specific embodiment of the invention, the room-temperature tensile strength of the stress corrosion-resistant anchor rod steel is more than or equal to 940MPa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 850MPa, and the elongation is more than or equal to 14%.
The invention also provides a preparation method of any one of the stress corrosion resistant anchor rod steel, which comprises the following steps:
smelting and casting according to the composition ratio of the alloy to obtain a steel ingot; and then forging and homogenizing the steel ingot, and then rolling.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, in the forging, the initial forging temperature is 1150 to 1250 ℃ and the final forging temperature is 800 to 900 ℃.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the homogenization treatment comprises: the temperature is 1150-1250 ℃, and the heat preservation time is more than or equal to 2 hours.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, in the rolling, the initial rolling temperature is 1010 to 1100 ℃, the final rolling temperature is 800 to 880 ℃, and the rolling reduction is 60 to 70%. Further, air cooling is performed after rolling.
The invention also provides a method for regulating and controlling the stress corrosion resistance of the anchor rod steel, which comprises the following steps:
the contents of Ni, cu and Cr in the formula of the anchor rod steel are regulated and controlled to respectively obtain the mass fractions of 1-2%, 0.4-0.5% and 0.9-2%.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the content of Ni, cu and Cr is regulated to meet at least one of the following characteristics:
(1)2.5％≤Ni+Cr+Cu≤4.5％；
(2)2.5＜Ni/Cu＜4，0.7＜Ni/Cr＜1.5。
in a specific embodiment of the invention, the anchor rod steel further comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.1 to 0.25 percent of C, 0.25 to 0.35 percent of Si, 0.5 to 0.7 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of S, 0.06 to 0.1 percent of V, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
The invention also provides application of any one of the stress corrosion resistant anchor rod steel in preparing the mining anchor rod.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) According to the invention, the content of alloy elements such as Ni, cu, cr and the like is added and regulated within a certain range on the basis of the traditional anchor rod material, and the content of Ni+Cr+Cu is further controlled to be less than or equal to 2.5 percent and less than or equal to 4.5 percent, the content of Ni/Cu is more than 2.5 and less than 4 percent, the content of Ni/Cr is more than 0.7 and less than 1.5 percent, so that the stress corrosion resistance of the anchor rod steel can be remarkably improved;
(2) The anchor rod steel provided by the invention has the advantages that the Ni content is obviously reduced, the material cost is reduced, the stress corrosion resistance of the anchor rod steel can be obviously improved, and the anchor rod steel has economical efficiency and excellent performance;
(3) The stress corrosion sensitivity of the anchor rod manufactured by the anchor rod steel in the mine environment is reduced by 37% -98% compared with that of the anchor rod manufactured by the commercial anchor rod steel, the comprehensive performance is excellent, the current service requirement on the stress corrosion resistant anchor rod steel is met, and the anchor rod manufactured by the anchor rod steel has important engineering practical value and is suitable for industrial production and popularization.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a microstructure of the anchor rod steel according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a microstructure of the anchor bar steel according to example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a microstructure of the anchor bar steel according to example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a microstructure of the anchor bar steel according to example 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a microstructure of the anchor bar steel according to example 5 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a microstructure of the anchor rod steel provided in comparative example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a microstructure of the anchor rod steel provided in comparative example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a microstructure of the anchor bar steel provided in comparative example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a microstructure of the anchor bar steel provided in comparative example 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a microstructure of the anchor bar steel provided in comparative example 5 of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a microstructure of the anchor bar steel provided in comparative example 6 of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a graph comparing stress corrosion sensitivity of the anchor bar steels of the examples and comparative examples of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the examples described below are some, but not all, examples of the present invention, and are intended to be illustrative of the present invention only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention. The specific conditions are not noted in the examples and are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or apparatus used were conventional products commercially available without the manufacturer's attention.
The stress corrosion-resistant anchor rod steel is obtained through alloy component design, the corrosion resistance of the material is improved, the service life of the anchor rod is prolonged, the material cost is reduced, and the method has great significance for improving the service performance of the anchor rod steel on the premise of ensuring the comprehensive mechanical properties such as toughness and the like.
Based on the above, the invention provides stress corrosion resistant anchor rod steel, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.1 to 0.25 percent of C, 0.25 to 0.35 percent of Si, 0.5 to 0.7 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of S, 1 to 2 percent of Ni, 0.4 to 0.5 percent of Cu, 0.9 to 2 percent of Cr, 0.06 to 0.1 percent of V, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
The invention provides the anchor rod steel with stress corrosion resistance, comprehensive mechanical property and cost through the composite regulation and control of elements such as Ni, cu, cr and the like, and fills the blank of the existing engineering stress corrosion resistance anchor rod steel system.
C is the most basic element in steel, and the increase of the content can improve the strength, but also affect the comprehensive performance of the material. A small amount of C can form carbide with the micro alloy element in the steel, play a role of strengthening a second phase and refining grains, and when the C content is too high, the weldability and the like of the steel are affected. Therefore, the invention adopts 0.1 to 0.25 percent of C element and is matched with certain elements such as Ni, cu, cr and the like, and the comprehensive mechanical property and the stress corrosion resistance of the anchor rod steel are both ensured.
Mn has a solid solution strengthening effect in steel, and can improve strength and toughness. However, the Mn content is not preferably too high, and too high Mn content causes coarsening of crystal grains and increases the tendency of temper brittleness. Therefore, the invention adopts 0.5 to 0.7 percent of Mn element and is matched with a certain C, ni, cu, cr element, and the comprehensive mechanical property and the stress corrosion resistance are both ensured.
Ni is a thermodynamically stable element, and from the viewpoint of improving the properties of the corrosion product layer, on the one hand, the formation of fine alpha-FeOOH can be promoted, so that the compactness of the inner rust layer is increased; on the other hand, niFe is mainly used in the corrosion process 2 O 4 The form of the metal oxide is enriched in the inner rust layer, so that the inner rust layer has ion selectivity, can effectively inhibit invasion of corrosive anions, and remarkably improves the protection of the rust layer, thereby reducing corrosion of materials. In addition, ni can obviously improve self-corrosion potential and corrosion resistance. However, from an economic standpoint, cost control is required, and too high Ni content may cause an increase in the cost of the anchor rod steel, and the engineering practicality is deteriorated. Therefore, the invention adopts 1 to 2 percent of Ni element and is matched with Cr and Cu in a certain range, thereby obviously improving the stress corrosion resistance of the material while reducing the cost.
On one hand, cu element can promote the passivation process, and a rust layer is formed on the surface of steel so as to improve corrosion resistance; on the other hand, cu element can increase the protection of rust layer in the corrosion process, and CuFeO is mainly used in the corrosion process 2 Is enriched in the inner rust layer, can enhance the ion selective permeability of the rust layer and inhibit corrosive ions from entering the matrix. In addition, the addition of Cu can promote the generation of alpha-FeOOH and enhance the thermodynamic stability of the rust layer. Since the Cu content is too high, the plasticity is easily lowered, and grain boundary segregation occurs. The invention adopts 0.4 to 0.5 percent of Cu element and a certain amount of Ni and Cr, thereby improving the mechanical property and the stress corrosion resistance of the material.
Cr has the effect of accelerating film formation, can promote the generation of alpha-FeOOH, improves the compactness and stability of a rust layer, and can effectively improve the corrosion resistance of steel. In addition, cr can obviously improve the strength of steel and reduce the plasticity. The invention adopts 0.9 to 2 percent of Cr element and a certain amount of Ni and Cu, and improves the mechanical property and the stress corrosion resistance of the material.
V can increase the coarsening temperature of crystal grains, reduce overheat sensitivity and improve hardenability. A small amount of V can refine grains in alloy steel, improve strength and improve toughness. The V is regulated to be within the range of 0.06-0.1%, and other elements are matched, so that the mechanical property and the stress corrosion resistance of the material are improved.
P, S and other impurity elements tend to gather at the grain boundary, and further cause the material to break along the crystal. Therefore, P, S in the steel needs to be controlled as low as possible, so the content of P, S in the invention is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.03% P and less than or equal to 0.03% S.
As in the various embodiments, the contents of the elements in the stress corrosion resistant anchor rod steel of the present invention may be respectively exemplified as follows in mass percent:
the content of C may be 0.1%, 0.12%, 0.15%, 0.18%, 0.2%, 0.22%, 0.25% or a range consisting of any two thereof;
the Si content may be 0.25%, 0.26%, 0.28%, 0.3%, 0.32%, 0.34%, 0.35% or a range of any two of these;
the Mn content may be 0.5%, 0.52%, 0.55%, 0.58%, 0.6%, 0.62%, 0.65%, 0.68%, 0.7% or a range consisting of any two thereof;
the Ni content may be 1%, 1.1%, 1.2%, 1.3%, 1.4%, 1.5%, 1.6%, 1.7%, 1.8%, 1.9%, 2% or a range consisting of any two thereof;
the Cu content may be 0.4%, 0.41%, 0.42%, 0.43%, 0.44%, 0.45%, 0.46%, 0.47%, 0.48%, 0.49%, 0.5% or a range consisting of any two thereof;
the Cr content may be in the range of 0.9%, 1%, 1.2%, 1.4%, 1.5%, 1.55%, 1.6%, 1.8%, 2% or any two of these.
The V content may be 0.06%, 0.07%, 0.08%, 0.09%, 0.1% or a range of any two thereof;
the content of P can be less than or equal to 0.03 percent, less than or equal to 0.025 percent, less than or equal to 0.020 percent, less than or equal to 0.015 percent, less than or equal to 0.010 percent or a range formed by any two upper limit values thereof;
the S content can be less than or equal to 0.03 percent, less than or equal to 0.025 percent, less than or equal to 0.020 percent, less than or equal to 0.015 percent, less than or equal to 0.010 percent or a range formed by any two upper limit values.
In the concrete embodiment of the invention, in the stress corrosion resistant anchor rod steel, the mass percentages of Ni, cr and Cu are as follows: ni+Cr+Cu is more than or equal to 2.5% and less than or equal to 4.5%.
As in the various embodiments, the sum of the mass percentages of Ni, cr, cu may be 2.5%, 2.8%, 3%, 3.2%, 3.5%, 3.8%, 4%, 4.2%, 4.5% or any two of these ranges of composition.
In the concrete embodiment of the invention, in the stress corrosion resistant anchor rod steel, the mass percentages of Ni, cr and Cu are as follows: ni/Cu is more than 2.5 and less than 4, ni/Cr is more than 0.7 and less than 1.5.
As in the various embodiments, the mass percent ratio of Ni to Cu may be in the range of 2.51, 2.55, 2.6, 2.8, 3, 3.2, 3.5, 3.8, 3.9, 3.92, 3.95, 3.99, or any two thereof; the ratio of Ni to Cr may be in the range of 0.71, 0.75, 0.8, 0.85, 0.9, 0.95, 1, 1.05, 1.1, 1.15, 1.2, 1.25, 1.3, 1.35, 1.4, 1.45, 1.49, or any two thereof by mass percent.
According to the invention, through compositely regulating and controlling Ni, cr and Cu elements, the content of each element meets the requirements, firstly, ni, cu and Cr can promote the generation of alpha-FeOOH, the thermodynamic stability of a rust layer is enhanced, and the protection performance of the rust layer is improved; secondly, ni element is mainly NiFe in the rust layer 2 O 4 In the form of (C), the Cu element is mainly CuFeO 2 The rust layer has the advantages that the rust layer has the mutual repulsive interaction with anions, so that the ion selective permeability of the rust layer is enhanced, the corrosion of corrosive ions in the environment is resisted, and the corrosion reaction is inhibited; finally, the mechanical properties of the material are improved through the proportional relation of Ni, cu and Cr. Therefore, through the synergistic effect of Ni, cr and Cu elements, the stress corrosion resistance of the material is effectively improved, the comprehensive mechanical property of the material is improved, and the material cost is reduced.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the stress corrosion resistant anchor rod steel further comprises Sb. Further, in the stress corrosion resistant anchor rod steel, the mass percentage of Sb is 0.05-0.12%.
As in the various embodiments, the mass percent of Sb in the stress corrosion resistant rock bolt steel may be in the range of 0.05%, 0.06%, 0.08%, 0.1%, 0.12% or any two of these.
On one hand, the Sb element can obviously improve the acid corrosion resistance of the low alloy steel by inhibiting electrochemical reaction; on the other hand, the Sb element is mainly Sb 2 O 5 The form of the (B) is enriched in the inner rust layer, so that the inner rust layer becomes denser, and the blocking effect of the rust layer on corrosive anions is enhanced. In addition, the Sb element can promote the enrichment of Ni and Cu in the rust layer and enhance the anion selective permeability of the rust layer.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the stress corrosion resistant anchor rod steel comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.1 to 0.25 percent of C, 0.25 to 0.35 percent of Si, 0.5 to 0.7 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of S, 1 to 2 percent of Ni, 0.4 to 0.5 percent of Cu, 0.9 to 2 percent of Cr, 0.06 to 0.1 percent of V, 0 to 0.12 percent of Sb, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
In the concrete embodiment of the invention, the room-temperature tensile strength of the stress corrosion resistant anchor rod steel is more than or equal to 940MPa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 850MPa, and the elongation is more than or equal to 14%.
In different embodiments, the room temperature tensile strength of the stress corrosion resistant anchor rod steel can be more than or equal to 940MPa, more than or equal to 950MPa, more than or equal to 960MPa, more than or equal to 970MPa, more than or equal to 978MPa or a range formed by any two lower limit values; the room temperature yield strength can be more than or equal to 850MPa, more than or equal to 860MPa, more than or equal to 870MPa, more than or equal to 880MPa, more than or equal to 890MPa, more than or equal to 900MPa, more than or equal to 910MPa or a range formed by any two lower limit values; the room temperature elongation rate can be more than or equal to 14 percent, more than or equal to 14.2 percent, more than or equal to 14.4 percent, more than or equal to 14.6 percent, more than or equal to 14.8 percent, more than or equal to 15 percent, more than or equal to 15.2 percent or a range formed by any two lower limit values.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the stress corrosion resistance sensitivity of the stress corrosion resistant anchor rod steel in the underground coal mine environment simulation solution is less than or equal to 15 percent, such as less than or equal to 10 percent.
As in the various embodiments, the stress corrosion sensitivity of the stress corrosion resistant rock bolt steel in the simulated solution of the underground coal mine environment can be less than or equal to 10 percent, less than or equal to 8 percent, less than or equal to 5 percent, less than or equal to 2 percent, less than or equal to 1 percent, or a range of any two upper limit values thereof. Wherein the test of stress corrosion resistance sensitivity comprises: and the stress-strain curve analysis of the stress corrosion resistant anchor rod steel in the coal mine environment simulation solution is adopted, and the stress corrosion resistant sensitivity of the anchor rod steel is quantified through the elongation loss. Specifically through I δ Quantifying stress corrosion sensitivity, I δ ＝(1-δ s /δ 0 ) X 100%, where delta 0 Representing the elongation, delta of the anchor rod steel in the air s Representing the elongation of the bolt steel in the simulated solution.
The stress corrosion resistant anchor rod steel provided by the invention can not only ensure the comprehensive mechanical property requirements such as toughness and the like through the compound regulation and control of each element, but also effectively improve the stress corrosion resistant performance of the anchor rod steel, and the stress corrosion sensitivity of the anchor rod steel in a mine environment is reduced by 37% -98% compared with that of commercial anchor rod steel.
The invention also provides a preparation method of any stress corrosion resistant anchor rod steel, which comprises the following steps:
smelting and casting according to the composition ratio of the alloy to obtain a steel ingot; then forging and homogenizing the steel ingot, and then rolling.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, smelting comprises vacuum smelting. In actual operation, smelting conditions can be adjusted according to conventional operation.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the forging temperature is 1150-1250 ℃ for initial forging and 800-900 ℃ for final forging.
As in the forging, in various embodiments, the starting forging temperature may be 1150 ℃, 1180 ℃, 1200 ℃, 1220 ℃, 1250 ℃, or a range of any two of these; the final forging temperature may be 800 ℃, 820 ℃, 850 ℃, 880 ℃, 900 ℃ or a range of any two of these.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the homogenization treatment comprises: the temperature is 1150-1250 ℃, and the heat preservation time is more than or equal to 2 hours.
As in the various embodiments, the temperature of the homogenization treatment may be 1150 ℃, 1180 ℃, 1200 ℃, 1220 ℃, 1250 ℃, or a range of any two of these; the heat preservation time can be 2h, 4h, 6h, 8h and the like.
In the specific embodiment of the invention, the initial rolling temperature is 1010-1100 ℃, the final rolling temperature is 800-880 ℃, and the rolling reduction is 60-70%. Further, air cooling is performed after rolling.
As in the various embodiments, the start rolling temperature may be 1010 ℃, 1020 ℃, 1050 ℃, 1080 ℃, 1100 ℃, or a range of any two thereof; the finishing temperature may be 800 ℃, 820 ℃, 850 ℃, 880 ℃ or a range consisting of any two of them; the rolling may be multi-pass rolling with a total reduction of 60%, 62%, 65%, 68%, 70% or any two of these ranges.
The invention also provides a method for regulating and controlling the stress corrosion resistance of the anchor rod steel, which comprises the following steps:
the contents of Ni, cu and Cr in the formula of the anchor rod steel are regulated and controlled to respectively obtain the mass fractions of 1-2%, 0.4-0.5% and 0.9-2%.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the content of Ni, cu and Cr is regulated to meet at least one of the following characteristics:
(1)2.5％≤Ni+Cr+Cu≤4.5％；
(2)2.5＜Ni/Cu＜4，0.7＜Ni/Cr＜1.5。
in the concrete embodiment of the invention, the anchor rod steel further comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.1 to 0.25 percent of C, 0.25 to 0.35 percent of Si, 0.5 to 0.7 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of S, 0.06 to 0.1 percent of V, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
In the concrete embodiment of the invention, the anchor rod steel further comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.1 to 0.25 percent of C, 0.25 to 0.35 percent of Si, 0.5 to 0.7 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of S, 0.06 to 0.1 percent of V, 0 to 0.12 percent of Sb, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
The invention also provides application of any stress corrosion resistant anchor rod steel in preparing the mining anchor rod.
The invention can ensure the comprehensive mechanical property requirements of toughness and the like through the composite regulation and control of alloy elements, can effectively improve the stress corrosion resistance of the anchor rod steel, further prolongs the service life of the anchor rod material, and has great significance for guaranteeing the underground safety production of coal mines and important engineering practical value.
Example 1
The embodiment provides stress corrosion resistant anchor rod steel, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.21% of C, 0.67% of Mn, 0.31% of Si, 0.006% of P, 0.003% of S, 1.47% of Ni, 0.44% of Cu, 0.99% of Cr, 0.09% of V, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Wherein, the mass fraction of Ni, cr and Cu satisfies: ni+cr+cu=2.9%, ni/cu=3.34, ni/cr=1.48.
The specific preparation method can comprise the following steps:
(1) Smelting in a vacuum smelting furnace according to the chemical components to prepare a steel ingot;
(2) Heating the steel ingot to 1200 ℃, and forging after preserving heat for 2 hours, wherein the final forging temperature is 850 ℃; then rolling is carried out; the rolling comprises the following steps: heating and homogenizing for 2h at 1200 ℃, rolling at 1050-1060 ℃ for multiple passes, rolling at 840-850 ℃ for final rolling, rolling with 67% reduction, and air cooling after rolling.
The microstructure diagram of the anchor rod steel obtained in the embodiment is shown in fig. 1, the grain size is 7-8 grades (GB/T6394-2017), and the structure is uniform and the grains are fine.
Example 2
The embodiment provides stress corrosion resistant anchor rod steel, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.13% of C, 0.59% of Mn, 0.27% of Si, 0.005% of P, 0.003% of S, 1.48% of Ni, 0.44% of Cu, 1.81% of Cr, 0.08% of Sb, 0.07% of V, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Wherein, the mass fraction of Ni, cr and Cu satisfies: ni+cr+cu=3.73%, ni/cu=3.36, ni/cr=0.82.
Specific preparation method refers to example 1.
The microstructure diagram of the anchor rod steel obtained in the embodiment is shown in fig. 2, the grain size is 7-8 grades, the structure is uniform, and the grains are fine.
Example 3
The embodiment provides stress corrosion resistant anchor rod steel, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.15% of C, 0.63% of Mn, 0.3% of Si, 0.006% of P, 0.003% of S, 1.5% of Ni, 0.44% of Cu, 1.79% of Cr, 0.08% of V, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Wherein, the mass fraction of Ni, cr and Cu satisfies: ni+cr+cu=3.73%, ni/cu=3.41, ni/cr=0.84.
Specific preparation method refers to example 1.
The microstructure diagram of the anchor rod steel obtained in the embodiment is shown in fig. 3, the grain size is 7-8 grades, the structure is uniform, and the grains are fine.
Example 4
The embodiment provides stress corrosion resistant anchor rod steel, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.22% of C, 0.64% of Mn, 0.30% of Si, 0.005% of P, 0.003% of S, 1.05% of Ni, 0.45% of Cu, 0.94% of Cr, 0.09% of V, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Wherein, the mass fraction of Ni, cr and Cu satisfies: ni+cr+cu=2.44%, ni/cu=2.33, ni/cr=1.12.
Specific preparation method refers to example 1.
The microstructure diagram of the anchor rod steel obtained in the embodiment is shown in fig. 4, the grain size is 7-8 grades, the structure is uniform, and the grains are fine.
Example 5
The embodiment provides stress corrosion resistant anchor rod steel, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.17% of C, 0.68% of Mn, 0.28% of Si, 0.007% of P, 0.002% of S, 1.97% of Ni, 0.43% of Cu, 1.26% of Cr, 0.09% of V, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Wherein, the mass fraction of Ni, cr and Cu satisfies: ni+cr+cu=3.66%, ni/cu=4.58, ni/cr=1.56.
Specific preparation method refers to example 1.
The microstructure diagram of the anchor rod steel obtained in the embodiment is shown in fig. 5, the grain size is 7-8 grades, the structure is uniform, and the grains are fine.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 provides an anchor rod steel comprising the following components in mass percent:
0.25% of C, 1.34% of Mn, 0.37% of Si, 0.007% of P, 0.003% of S, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Specific preparation method refers to example 1.
The microstructure of the anchor rod steel obtained in comparative example 1 is shown in fig. 6, and the grain size is 6 to 7 grades.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 provides an anchor rod steel comprising the following components in mass percent:
0.21% of C, 0.75% of Mn, 0.65% of Si, 0.005% of P, 0.003% of S, 0.49% of Cr, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Specific preparation method refers to example 1.
The microstructure of the anchor rod steel obtained in comparative example 2 is shown in fig. 7, and the grain size is 6 to 7 grades.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 provides an anchor rod steel comprising the following components in mass percent:
0.23% of C, 0.8% of Mn, 0.65% of Si, 0.005% of P, 0.004% of S, 0.43% of Cu, 0.5% of Cr, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Specific preparation method refers to example 1.
The microstructure of the anchor rod steel obtained in comparative example 3 is shown in fig. 8, and the grain size is 6 to 7 grades.
Comparative example 4
Comparative example 4 provides an anchor rod steel comprising the following components in mass percent:
0.15% of C, 0.75% of Mn, 0.6% of Si, 0.005% of P, 0.003% of S, 0.98% of Ni, 0.43% of Cu, 0.5% of Cr, 0.08% of V, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Specific preparation method refers to example 1.
The microstructure of the anchor rod steel obtained in comparative example 4 is shown in fig. 9, and the grain size is 6 to 7 grades.
Comparative example 5
Comparative example 5 provides an anchor rod steel comprising the following components in mass percent:
0.15% of C, 0.65% of Mn, 0.31% of Si, 0.005% of P, 0.003% of S, 3.4% of Ni, 0.55% of Cu, 0.5% of Cr, 0.08% of V, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Specific preparation method refers to example 1.
The microstructure of the anchor rod steel obtained in comparative example 5 is shown in fig. 10, and the grain size is 6 to 7 grades.
Comparative example 6
Comparative example 6 provides an anchor rod steel comprising the following components in mass percent:
0.18% of C, 0.67% of Mn, 0.35% of Si, 0.005% of P, 0.002% of S, 1.2% of Ni, 0.44% of Cu, 0.88% of Cr, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Specific preparation method refers to example 1.
The microstructure of the anchor rod steel obtained in comparative example 6 is shown in fig. 11, and the grain size is 6 to 7 grades.
Experimental example 1
The mechanical properties of the anchor rod steels obtained in the different examples and comparative examples are shown in table 1.
Table 1 results of mechanical tests of different roof bolt steels
| Numbering device | Tensile strength (MPa) | Yield strength (MPa) | Elongation (%) |
| Example 1 | 958 | 879 | 15.2 |
| Example 2 | 975 | 910 | 14.9 |
| Example 3 | 968 | 912 | 14.6 |
| Example 4 | 940 | 863 | 14 |
| Example 5 | 962 | 892 | 14.4 |
| Comparative example 1 | 817 | 706 | 15.5 |
| Comparative example 2 | 834 | 716 | 15 |
| Comparative example 3 | 874 | 758 | 13.9 |
| Comparative example 4 | 918 | 836 | 14.4 |
| Comparative example 5 | 934 | 852 | 15.3 |
| Comparative example 6 | 905 | 824 | 14.7 |
Experimental example 2
Stress corrosion test was conducted on the anchor rod steels obtained in examples and comparative examples, respectively, and the strain rate in the slow strain rate tensile test was 10 -6 s -1 The solution is a coal mine underground environment simulation solution, and the compositions are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 underground coal mine environmental simulation solution composition table (unit: g/L)
| Solution composition | pH value of | NaCl | KNO 3 | Na 2 SO 4 | NaHCO 3 | NaHSO 3 |
| Underground coal mine environment simulation liquid | 5 | 0.25 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 1 | 1 |
The SCC sensitivity of the different stock steels was analyzed by stress-strain curve and quantified by elongation loss, the results are shown in table 3 and fig. 12.
Test methods refer to GB/T15970.7: i δ ＝(1-δ s /δ 0 ) X 100% (Medium. Delta) 0 Representing the elongation, delta of the anchor rod steel in the air s Representing the elongation of the bolt steel in the simulated solution).
TABLE 3 results of stress corrosion resistance sensitivity tests for different roof bolt steels
| Numbering device | Stress corrosion resistance sensitivity value |
| Example 1 | 6.17％ |
| Example 2 | 0.5％ |
| Example 3 | 3.6％ |
| Example 4 | 14.2％ |
| Example 5 | 12.6％ |
| Comparative example 1 | 22.53％ |
| Comparative example 2 | 29.8％ |
| Comparative example 3 | 28.9％ |
| Comparative example 4 | 28.7％ |
| Comparative example 5 | 15.65％ |
| Comparative example 6 | 13.2％ |
As can be seen from table 3 and fig. 12, the anchor rod steel of the example of the present invention has lower stress corrosion sensitivity than the anchor rod steel of the comparative example. By evaluating the stress corrosion sensitivity reduction ratio of the embodiment relative to the comparative example, the stress corrosion resistance of the embodiment relative to the comparative example is obviously improved, which shows that the stress corrosion cracking resistance of the anchor rod steel can be effectively improved through alloy element regulation and control.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The stress corrosion resistant anchor rod steel is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass:
0.1 to 0.25 percent of C, 0.25 to 0.35 percent of Si, 0.5 to 0.7 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of S, 1 to 2 percent of Ni, 0.4 to 0.5 percent of Cu, 0.9 to 2 percent of Cr, 0.06 to 0.1 percent of V, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
2. The stress corrosion resistant rock bolt steel of claim 1, wherein the mass percentages of Ni, cr and Cu are: ni+Cr+Cu is more than or equal to 2.5% and less than or equal to 4.5%.
3. A stress corrosion resistant rock bolt steel according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the mass percentages of Ni, cr and Cu are: ni/Cu is more than 2.5 and less than 4, ni/Cr is more than 0.7 and less than 1.5.
4. The stress corrosion resistant rock bolt steel of claim 1, further comprising Sb;
preferably, in the stress corrosion resistant anchor rod steel, the mass percentage of Sb is 0.05-0.12%.
5. The stress corrosion resistant rock bolt steel according to claim 1, wherein the stress corrosion resistant rock bolt steel has a room temperature tensile strength of not less than 940MPa, a yield strength of not less than 850MPa and an elongation of not less than 14%.
6. The method for preparing the stress corrosion resistant anchor rod steel according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the following steps:
smelting and casting according to the composition ratio of the alloy to obtain a steel ingot; and then forging and homogenizing the steel ingot, and then rolling.
7. The method of preparing a stress corrosion resistant rock bolt steel according to claim 6, characterized by at least one of the following features:
(1) In the forging, the initial forging temperature is 1150-1250 ℃ and the final forging temperature is 800-900 ℃;
(2) The homogenization treatment comprises: the temperature is 1150-1250 ℃, and the heat preservation time is more than or equal to 2 hours;
(3) In the rolling, the initial rolling temperature is 1010-1100 ℃, the final rolling temperature is 800-880 ℃, and the rolling reduction is 60-70%.
8. The method for regulating and controlling the stress corrosion resistance of the anchor rod steel is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
regulating and controlling the contents of Ni, cu and Cr in the formula of the anchor rod steel to ensure that the mass fractions of Ni, cu and Cr are respectively 1-2%, 0.4-0.5% and 0.9-2%;
preferably, the content of Ni, cu and Cr is regulated to meet at least one of the following characteristics:
(1)2.5％≤Ni+Cr+Cu≤4.5％；
(2)2.5＜Ni/Cu＜4，0.7＜Ni/Cr＜1.5。
9. the method for regulating and controlling the stress corrosion resistance of the anchor rod steel according to claim 8, wherein the anchor rod steel further comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
0.1 to 0.25 percent of C, 0.25 to 0.35 percent of Si, 0.5 to 0.7 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of S, 0.06 to 0.1 percent of V, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
10. Use of the stress corrosion resistant anchor steel of any one of claims 1 to 5 for the manufacture of a mine anchor.
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