CN117282952A - Vacuum smelting segregation-reducing pouring purification device and pouring method thereof - Google Patents
Vacuum smelting segregation-reducing pouring purification device and pouring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117282952A CN117282952A CN202311209839.1A CN202311209839A CN117282952A CN 117282952 A CN117282952 A CN 117282952A CN 202311209839 A CN202311209839 A CN 202311209839A CN 117282952 A CN117282952 A CN 117282952A
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- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 211
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 211
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 26
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract description 26
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102220280178 rs1298878168 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102220323249 rs560625389 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102220101548 rs878854593 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D43/00—Mechanical cleaning, e.g. skimming of molten metals
- B22D43/001—Retaining slag during pouring molten metal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D1/00—Treatment of fused masses in the ladle or the supply runners before casting
- B22D1/007—Treatment of the fused masses in the supply runners
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D35/00—Equipment for conveying molten metal into beds or moulds
- B22D35/04—Equipment for conveying molten metal into beds or moulds into moulds, e.g. base plates, runners
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D43/00—Mechanical cleaning, e.g. skimming of molten metals
- B22D43/001—Retaining slag during pouring molten metal
- B22D43/004—Retaining slag during pouring molten metal by using filtering means
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of high-temperature alloy and other nonferrous metal smelting, and discloses a vacuum smelting segregation-reducing pouring purification device, which comprises a chute and a flow divider, wherein the chute is positioned above one side of the flow divider, the chute comprises a molten steel pouring area and a molten steel purification area, a baffle is arranged between the molten steel pouring area and the molten steel purification area, a limiting hole is arranged on the baffle, a dam, a slag baffle, a first filter sheet and a steel tapping hole are sequentially arranged in the molten steel purification area according to the flowing direction of poured molten steel, a dam hole is arranged on the dam, a gap is formed between the slag baffle and the bottom of the chute, the sectional area S1 of the limiting hole is larger than the sectional area S2 of the dam hole is larger than the sectional area S3 of the gap is larger than the sectional area S4 of the steel tapping hole. The invention can reduce the segregation of the solidification components of the master alloy and the internal shrinkage cavity of the master alloy bar while reducing the casting temperature, improve the purity of molten steel and improve the casting yield.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-temperature alloy and other nonferrous metal smelting, in particular to a vacuum smelting segregation-reducing pouring purification device and a pouring method thereof.
Background
The high-temperature alloy is generally cast into a round bar master alloy through vacuum induction melting, remelted and cast into castings or thermally deformed through forging, rolling and the like, and finally die-forged into parts. Nonmetallic inclusions and component segregation are a common defect of superalloy castings and forgings. The nonmetallic inclusion reduces the fluidity of molten steel, is easy to cause the casting to generate pores, deteriorates the processing performance of materials, increases the rejection rate and reduces the service life of parts. The composition segregation reduces the structural stability of the alloy, so that the technological performance of the alloy is worsened and the mechanical performance of the alloy is worsened.
Along with the development of the high-temperature alloy, the alloying degree is continuously improved, the solidification temperature range is wide, and the solidification segregation is serious. Reducing the segregation of the solidification components of the superalloy, improving the surface quality of the master alloy bar, reducing the internal shrinkage cavity and reducing the content of inclusions are key to the quality of the superalloy casting and forging. And the vacuum induction smelting master alloy pouring system plays a decisive role.
The vacuum induction melting casting master alloy mainly adopts molten steel to be cast into a chute from a crucible, and then flows into a shunt to be shunted into a die, so that the following problems exist at present:
(1) the temperature drop of molten steel poured into the chute and the flow divider cannot be controlled, the chute and the flow divider can cool the poured molten steel, and the molten steel is easy to block the steel tapping hole and the flow divider hole, so that the pouring is not full or the pipe is empty; or the casting temperature is too high, so that refractory materials are washed out, impurities enter the master alloy, the alloy solidification temperature range is wide, and component segregation is generated in the solidification process;
(2) the fine impurities and scum in the molten steel are low in removal rate through single filtration, and the molten steel is easy to cause slag falling, cracking or fragmentation of the filter sheet when being gravity poured to the filter sheet of the flow divider, so that the impurities directly enter the master alloy bar, and the purity of the master alloy is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the vacuum melting segregation-reducing pouring purification device and the pouring method thereof, which can reduce the segregation of the solidification components of the master alloy and the internal shrinkage cavity of the master alloy bar, improve the purity of molten steel and improve the pouring yield while reducing the pouring temperature.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention provides a vacuum smelting segregation-reducing pouring purification device, which comprises a chute and a flow divider, wherein the chute is positioned above one side of the flow divider, and is characterized in that: the chute comprises a molten steel pouring area and a molten steel purifying area, a baffle is arranged between the molten steel pouring area and the molten steel purifying area, a limited flow hole is formed in the joint of the baffle and the bottom of the chute, a dam, a slag baffle, a first filter sheet and a steel tapping hole are sequentially arranged in the molten steel purifying area according to the flowing direction of pouring molten steel, a dam blocking hole is formed in the dam, a gap is formed in the bottom of the chute by the slag baffle, the sectional area of the limited flow hole is S1, the sectional area of the dam blocking hole is S2, the sectional area of the gap is S3, the sectional area of the steel tapping hole is S4, and S1 is more than S2 and more than S3 is more than S4. The sectional area S4 of the steel outlet is minimum, so that the inside of the chute is kept full of molten steel or the height of the molten steel is more than 2/3 of the height of the chute when the device is poured, the temperature of the chute can be increased to the pouring temperature of the molten steel by the design, the temperature is kept all the time in the pouring process, the temperature reduction of the molten steel is reduced, the pouring temperature of the molten steel can be reduced by more than 30-50 ℃ compared with other direct-current forms and the like, the temperature interval of solidification of alloy in a die is narrowed, and the element component segregation and the internal secondary shrinkage cavity size and distribution generated in the solidification process of the molten steel in the die are reduced.
Further, the flow limiting hole is arranged on the baffle plate in front of the dam.
Further, the height of the chute at the dam is L, the height of the dam is 0.2-0.5L, the dam holes are arranged in an arch or gate shape upwards from the bottom of the chute, and the height L6 of the dam holes is more than 2 times of the height L9 of the gap.
Further, a molten steel pouring point is arranged in the molten steel pouring area at the opposite end of the limiting hole, the bottom of the molten steel pouring area is inclined from the end of the molten steel pouring point to the end provided with the limiting hole, the bottom of the molten steel purifying area is inclined in the opposite direction, and the inclination angles of the molten steel pouring area and the molten steel purifying area are 2-5 degrees.
Further, the end point of the inclination of the molten steel pouring area and the start point of the inclination of the molten steel purifying area are in the same plane. The bottom of the molten steel pouring area and the bottom of the molten steel purifying area are provided with a certain inclination angle and are reversely inclined, so that the steel stored in the chute can be reduced, and the pouring yield is improved.
Further, a bridge is arranged between the two shunts.
Further, the bottom of the bridge is inclined from the molten steel inlet to the molten steel outlet, and the inclination angle is 2-5 degrees. The bottom of the bridge is provided with a certain inclination angle, and molten steel poured into the bridge can flow into the pouring grooves of the flow splitters in a downstream manner, so that steel scattering caused by switching between the steel stored in the bridge and each flow splitter is reduced.
Further, a grid baffle is arranged at the bottom of the bridge frame and close to the outer side of the molten steel inlet. The check can prevent molten steel from flowing back.
Further, a pouring groove is arranged in the flow divider, the pouring groove is arranged below the flow divider, which is close to the steel tapping hole, two ends of the pouring groove are respectively communicated with a sub-runner, and an observation groove is arranged at the intersection of the other ends of the two sub-runners. The design of unilateral pouring basin for when the molten steel flows to the shunt pouring basin, can be full of the pouring basin rapidly, preheat shunt and second filter plate, avoided the jam that the second filter plate preheating temperature was low brought.
Further, a second filter plate is arranged at the communication part of the pouring groove and the flow dividing channel, and the arrangement direction of the second filter plate is perpendicular to the flow direction of molten steel. The second filter plate is longitudinally arranged, the molten steel transversely flows, the steady flow effect can be achieved, the flow speed of the molten steel passing through the second filter plate is stable, and the sequential pouring of the flow divider can be achieved. Meanwhile, the second filter plate bears transverse static pressure, the risk of breakage does not exist, and the filtering and purifying effects on molten steel are better.
Further, diversion holes are formed in the bottoms of the two diversion channels in an equally-divided mode.
The invention also provides a pouring method of the vacuum smelting segregation reducing pouring purification device, which comprises the following specific steps:
s1, heating a chute to above 1000 ℃, and preserving heat for 2-3 hours; heating the flow divider and the second filter plate to above 500 ℃, and preserving heat for 3-5h;
s2, pouring molten steel into a molten steel pouring area from a pouring point (22) at a rate of 60-100Kg/S, regulating the molten steel pouring speed to stably pour at a rate of 3-10Kg/S when the molten steel height in the chute is more than 2/3 of the height of the chute (2), enabling the molten steel to flow into a molten steel purifying area through a flow limiting hole (23), enabling the molten steel to pass through a baffle dam (24) and a slag baffle (25), then pass through a first filter disc (26), and then pouring into a pouring groove (11) on a flow divider (1) through a steel outlet (27), and enabling the molten steel to be shunted into a shunting channel (13) with two communicated ends through a second filter disc (12), and enabling the molten steel to flow into a die through a flow guiding hole (15) in the shunting channel (13);
s3, after entering molten steel in the observation groove (14), the current divider (1) is transferred, and the molten steel at the steel tapping hole (27) flows through the bridge frame (3) erected between the two current dividers (1) and is poured into the next current divider (1).
The beneficial effects are that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. reducing master alloy solidification composition segregation and internal shrinkage cavity of master alloy bar: through the design of each part of the chute, the flow of molten steel is limited in the chute, the chute can be filled with molten steel and the height of the molten steel is kept above 2/3 of the height of the chute, so that the chute can be quickly heated to the pouring temperature of the molten steel, and the temperature of the chute can be maintained at the pouring temperature of the molten steel along with continuous pouring and supplementing of the molten steel, the condition of cooling the molten steel is reduced, and the phenomenon of blockage or undercrown is reduced; the pouring temperature of the molten steel can be reduced by more than 30-50 ℃ compared with other direct-current forms and the like, so that the temperature interval of the solidification of the alloy in the die is narrowed, and the element component segregation and the internal secondary shrinkage cavity size and distribution generated in the solidification process of the molten steel in the die are reduced;
2. the slag blocking and filtering efficiency is improved, the inclusion content in the superalloy master alloy is reduced, and the purity of molten steel is improved: a flow limiting hole is designed at the bottom of the chute baffle plate, and preliminary filtration is carried out; the dam with holes stabilizes flow, and the slag baffle plate limits flow and blocks slag, so that small inclusions in molten steel float on the surface of the molten steel for the second time; the flow limiting holes and the slag blocking plates can block scum and large inclusion grids in the molten steel, smaller inclusions are adsorbed through the honeycomb filter plates, and the molten steel is purer;
3. the single-side pouring tank is designed in the flow divider, molten steel is split from two sides of the pouring tank, meanwhile, the second filter plate is longitudinally placed, the molten steel transversely flows to play a role in stabilizing flow, the flow speed of the molten steel passing through the filter plate is stable, sequential pouring of the flow divider can be realized, meanwhile, the filter plate bears transverse static pressure, the risk of breakage does not exist, and the filtering and purifying effects on the molten steel are better;
3. the steel storage is reduced, and the casting yield is improved: the bottom of the chute is provided with an inclination angle, and the bottom of the molten steel pouring area and the bottom of the molten steel purifying area are reversely inclined, so that steel stored in the chute can be reduced; the bottom of the bridge is provided with an inclined angle, so that the steel in the bridge is reduced, and the yield of the poured master alloy can be improved by more than 1% as a whole.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a vacuum melting segregation reducing pouring purification device according to embodiment 1;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the chute of embodiment 1;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a molten steel purifying zone in embodiment 1;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a molten steel pouring region in embodiment 1;
fig. 5 is a sectional view of the dam of embodiment 1;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a bridge and diverter interface in accordance with embodiment 1;
FIG. 7 is a top view of the bridge and diverter portion of embodiment 1;
FIG. 8 is a sectional view of the diverter of embodiment 1 taken over the observation tank;
FIG. 9 is a sectional view of the diverter flow guide hole of embodiment 1;
FIG. 10 is a plan view of the chute of embodiment 2;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of a vacuum melting segregation reducing pouring purification device in embodiment 3;
FIG. 12 is a top view of the structure of the multi-component flow divider of the segregation reduction casting purification device for vacuum melting;
FIG. 13 is an overall block diagram of the vacuum melting segregation reducing pouring purification device of the present application with multiple component diverters;
in the figure, 1 a diverter; 2, a chute; 3 bridge frame; 11 a pouring tank; a second filter sheet 12; 13, a flow dividing channel; 14, observing the groove; 15 deflector holes; a 21 baffle; 22 molten steel pouring points; 23 flow restricting holes; 24 dams; 25 slag baffles; a first filter sheet 26; 27 tapping holes; 28 gaps; 241 dam holes; 31 grid.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1:
the embodiment discloses a vacuum melting segregation reducing pouring purification device, as shown in fig. 1. The vacuum melting segregation reducing pouring purification device comprises a diverter 1 and a chute 2 arranged above one side of the diverter 1, wherein a bridge 3 is arranged between the two diverters 1.
The chute is shown in figures 2-5, the chute 2 is divided into a molten steel pouring area and a molten steel purifying area by a baffle plate 21, and a limiting hole 23 is arranged at the joint of the baffle plate 21 and the bottom of the chute 2. The molten steel purifying area is sequentially provided with a baffle 24, a slag baffle 25, a first filter sheet 26 and a steel tapping hole 27 according to the flow direction of the casting molten steel, the baffle 24 is provided with a baffle hole 241, the slag baffle 25 is arranged above the inside of the chute 2, and a gap 28 is formed between the slag baffle 25 and the bottom of the chute 2; the limiting hole 23 is arranged on the baffle plate 21 in front of the baffle 24; the bottom of the molten steel pouring area takes a molten steel pouring point 22 as the highest point and a limiting hole 23 as the lowest point, and forms a certain inclination angle; the bottom of the molten steel purifying zone takes a limiting hole 23 as the highest point and a tap hole 27 as the lowest point, and is inclined at a certain angle; the bottom of the molten steel pouring area and the bottom of the molten steel purifying area are reversely inclined and are reversely inclined; the inclined end point of the molten steel pouring area and the inclined start point of the molten steel purifying area are arranged on the same plane; wherein, the sectional area S1 of the flow limiting hole 23 is larger than the sectional area S2 of the dam hole 241 is larger than the sectional area S3 of the gap 28 and larger than the sectional area S4 of the tapping hole 27; the height of the chute 2 at the baffle 24 is L, the height of the baffle 24 is 0.2-0.5L, the baffle holes 241 are arranged in an arch or gate shape upwards from the bottom of the chute 2, and the height L6 of the baffle holes 241 is more than twice the height L9 of the gap 28.
Optionally, the bottom of the molten steel pouring area takes a molten steel pouring point 22 as the highest point, a limiting hole 23 as the lowest point, and the inclination angle alpha is 2 degrees; the bottom of the molten steel purifying zone takes the limiting hole 23 as the highest point, the tapping hole 27 as the lowest point, and the inclination angle beta is 2 degrees; the wall thickness L1 of the bottom of the chute 2 at the steel outlet 27 is smaller than the wall thickness L2 of the bottom of the chute 2 at the limiting hole 23 and smaller than the thickness L3 of the bottom of the chute 2 at the molten steel pouring point 22, so that no steel is stored in the pouring end chute 2.
Optionally, the width l4=80 mm, the height l5=25 mm and the cross-sectional area s1=2000 mm of the restricting hole 23 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The height l8=80 mm, the hole width l7=40 mm, the hole height l6=40 mm and the hole cross-sectional area s2=1600 mm of the dam 24 with holes 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The height l9=10mm of the gap 28 at the bottom of the slag trap 25, the width l10=100deg.mm of the gap 28, and the sectional area of the gap 28 is s3=1000mm 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Tap hole 27 has an inner diameter l11=20 mm and a cross-sectional area s4=pi R 2 =314.2mm 2 S1 is more than S2 is more than S3 is more than S4, the sectional area of the steel outlet 27 is limited to be minimum, the inside of the chute 2 can be ensured to be filled with molten steel, and the temperature of the chute 2 is increased to the molten steel pouring temperature.
As shown in fig. 6, the bottom of the bridge 3 has a certain inclination angle, and a grid 31 is arranged at the bottom of the bridge 3 and close to the outer side of the molten steel inlet; optionally, the inclination angle gamma between the highest point and the lowest point of the bottom of the bridge 3 is 2 degrees, and the molten steel poured into the bridge 3 can flow into the pouring groove 11 of the next diverter, so that the steel storage of the bridge 3 is reduced; the width L19=40 mm and the height L20=80 mm of one side of the bridge frame 3 are provided with the grid 31, and molten steel poured into the bridge frame 3 cannot be scattered.
7-8, a pouring groove 11 is formed in the diverter 1, the pouring groove 11 is arranged below the diverter 1 near the tapping hole 27, two ends of the pouring groove 11 are respectively communicated with a sub-runner 13, a second filter piece 12 is arranged at the communication position of the pouring groove 11 and the sub-runner 13, the arrangement direction of the second filter piece 12 is perpendicular to the flow direction of molten steel, an observation groove 14 is formed at the intersection position of the other ends of the two sub-runners 13, and the two sub-runners 13 are symmetrically arranged in the diverter 1 by taking the intersection point as a symmetrical point; the bottom of the sub-runner 13 is provided with a diversion hole 15; alternatively, the deflector holes 15 are equally spaced.
Alternatively, the diverter casting groove 11 has a length l12=150 mm, a width l13=90 mm, and a cross-sectional area s5=13500 mm 2 =135cm 2 The vertical falling flow rate of the molten steel at the tap hole 27 was v1=150 cm/S. Molten steelPouring into the diverter pouring tank 11 is started, and the molten steel passes through the second filter sheet 12 when pouring is started because the temperature of the diverter 1 and the second filter sheet 12 is low, and the volume of the molten steel passing through the second filter sheet 12 is 0cm 3 The molten steel rises in the diverter casting groove 11 to a height of H1=S4×V1/S5 approximately equal to 2.83cm/S, the diverter casting groove 11 is L14=85mm, the diverter casting groove 11 can be filled in 3 seconds, and the temperature of the second filter sheet 12 is quickly raised to the molten steel casting temperature. As the molten steel is poured into the diverter pouring groove 11, the temperature 12 of the second filter plate rises, and the molten steel directly flows into the mold pipe through the diversion holes 15 to the two side diversion channels 13 through the second filter plate 12;
alternatively, the second filter sheet 12 is a 20ppi honeycomb filter sheet, and instead of the installation fixing section, a honeycomb filter sheet having a length l15=35 mm, a height l16=60 mm, and a sectional area s6=2100 mm passing through molten steel may be used 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The cross-sectional area of the two side filter plates is s7=2×s6=4200mm 2 =42cm 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The porosity of the 20ppi honeycomb filter sheet is 50%, and the sectional area of the filter sheet capable of directly flowing through molten steel is s8=s7=0.5=21 cm 2 ；
Alternatively, in the observation tank 14, l17=20mm, l18=15mm.
In the present embodiment, the tap hole 27 flow rate is q1=v1×s4=471.3 cm 3 S; the transverse flow rate of the molten steel is smaller than the vertical flow rate, and the flow rate is q2=s8×v2=472.5 cm, assuming that the transverse flow rate of the molten steel is about v2= 0.15V1 =22.5 cm/S, taking the resistance action of the surface tension of the molten steel and the flow divider and the filter into consideration 3 The flow rate of the steel tapping hole 27 is consistent with the flow rate of the second filter plates 12 at the two sides of the flow divider pouring groove 11, the molten steel quantity with the height of 60mm in the flow divider pouring groove 11 is kept at all times, the temperature of the second filter plates 12 can be fully kept at the molten steel pouring temperature, and the service efficiency of the filter plates is ensured; the flow rate of molten steel in a single flow divider sub-channel 13 is q3=0.5×q2= 236.25cm 3 In the flow guiding hole 15, a round hole with a chamfer is arranged, as shown in fig. 9, the inner diameter of the round hole with a chamfer is 14mm in diameter, and the sectional area is s9=pi R 2 =153.9mm 2 =1.539cm 2 Vertical drop flow velocity v3=v1, flow rate of molten steel flowing into the mold tube q4=v3×s9= 230.85cm 3 And (3) the ratio of (S, Q4) to (Q3) is approximately equal to that of single-hole sequential pouring of molten steel.
The embodiment also provides a pouring method of the vacuum melting segregation reducing pouring purification device, which comprises the following steps:
s1, heating a chute to above 1000 ℃, and preserving heat for 2-3 hours; heating the flow divider and the second filter plate to above 500 ℃, and preserving heat for 3-5h;
s2, pouring molten steel into a molten steel pouring area from a pouring point (22) at a rate of 60-100Kg/S, regulating the molten steel pouring speed to stably pour at a rate of 3-10Kg/S when the molten steel height in the chute is more than 2/3 of the height of the chute (2), enabling the molten steel to flow into a molten steel purifying area through a flow limiting hole (23), enabling the molten steel to pass through a baffle dam (24) and a slag baffle (25), then pass through a first filter disc (26), and then pouring into a pouring groove (11) on a flow divider (1) through a steel outlet (27), and enabling the molten steel to be shunted into a shunting channel (13) with two communicated ends through a second filter disc (12), and enabling the molten steel to flow into a die through a flow guiding hole (15) in the shunting channel (13); a bridge (3), and then casting from the bridge (3)
S3, after entering molten steel in the observation groove (14), the current divider (1) is transferred, and the molten steel at the steel tapping hole (27) flows through the bridge frame (3) erected between the two current dividers (1) and is poured into the next current divider (1).
The implementation principle of the vacuum smelting segregation-reducing pouring purification device provided by the embodiment is as follows: firstly, arranging the shunts 1 below the chute 2, and erecting the bridge 3 above the two adjacent shunts 1, so that the pouring groove 11 of the to-be-poured shunt 1 is positioned right below the tapping hole 27 of the chute 2, and meanwhile, the molten steel outlet of the bridge 3 is positioned above the pouring grooves 11 of the shunts 1; the molten steel is poured in the molten steel pouring area of the chute 2, flows to the molten steel purifying area through the flow limiting hole 23 at the bottom of the baffle 21, the large impurities floating on the surface of the molten steel in the molten steel are primarily filtered, then flows stably through the baffle 24, the slag baffle 25 limits flow and blocks slag, the small impurities in the molten steel float on the surface of the molten steel for the second time, the flow limiting hole 23 and the slag baffle 25 can block the scum and the large impurities in the molten steel, and then the smaller impurities are adsorbed through the first filter 26, so that the molten steel is purer; pouring the purified molten steel into the pouring tank 11 through the steel outlet 27, filtering again through the second filter plates 12 at two sides of the pouring tank 11, flowing to the diversion holes 15 through the diversion channel 13, and pouring into the mold; when molten steel flows from the flow dividing channel 13 into two flow guiding holes 15 which are finally poured, the molten steel can continuously rise in the flow dividing channel 13 after being poured until the molten steel enters the molten steel pouring observing groove 14, and the flow divider 1 can be transferred; molten steel poured from the steel tapping hole 27 flows through the bridge 3 erected above the two flow splitters 1 and flows to the pouring groove 11 in the next flow splitter 1 to be poured, and the chute can pour the next flow splitter 1 to be poured, so that the sequential pouring of molten steel is realized.
Embodiment 2:
the present embodiment discloses a vacuum melting segregation reducing pouring purification device, which is substantially the same as embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 10, except that the position of the tap hole 27 can be actually adjusted according to the position of the drop point of the chute tap hole 27 and the diverter pouring spout 11 in the present embodiment.
Otherwise, this embodiment is identical to embodiment 1, and a description thereof will be omitted.
Embodiment 3:
as shown in fig. 11, the vacuum melting segregation reducing pouring purification device according to this embodiment is substantially the same as embodiment 1, except that in this embodiment, the plurality of shunts 1 are circularly placed around, and the bridge 3 is designed to be circular arc-shaped according to a moving line during molten steel pouring.
Otherwise, this embodiment is identical to embodiment 1, and a description thereof will be omitted.
Data analysis is carried out on the performance of the die obtained by casting the device:
taking GH4169 as an example, the Nb segregation range is reduced from 0.3% to within 0.15%, and the segregation range is reduced by more than about 50%;
taking 50-specification K418 as an example, reducing the size of the secondary shrinkage cross section shrinkage cavity and the porosity of the inside of the cut short rod from the maximum of more than 6mm to within 5mm, and reducing the longitudinal cutting shrinkage cavity ratio of the whole bar from more than 65% to within 50%;
taking 3T vacuum induction melting furnace casting as an example, compared with a flat bottom chute and a bridge designed by the application, the chute and the bridge with the inclined angle have the advantages that the steel storage is reduced by more than about 30Kg, and the finished product of the cast master alloy bar is improved by more than 1%; taking casting in a 1T vacuum induction melting furnace as an example, the yield is improved by more than 2 percent.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the present invention and to implement the same, not to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a vacuum melting reduces segregation pouring purifier, includes chute (2) and shunt (1), chute (2) are located shunt (1) one side top, its characterized in that: the chute (2) comprises a molten steel pouring area and a molten steel purifying area, a baffle (21) is arranged between the molten steel pouring area and the molten steel purifying area, a limiting hole (23) is formed in the joint of the baffle (21) and the bottom of the chute (2), a baffle dam (24), a slag baffle (25), a first filter sheet (26) and a steel outlet (27) are sequentially arranged in the molten steel purifying area according to the flowing direction of pouring molten steel, a baffle hole (241) is formed in the baffle dam (24), a gap (28) is formed in the bottom of the chute (2), the cross section area of the limiting hole (23) is S1, the cross section area of the baffle hole (241) is S2, the cross section area of the gap (28) is S3, and the cross section area of the steel outlet (27) is S4, and S1 is more than S2 is more than S3 and more than S4.
2. The vacuum melting segregation reducing pouring purification device according to claim 1, wherein: the flow limiting hole (23) is arranged on the baffle plate (21) in front of the baffle dam (24).
3. The vacuum melting segregation reducing pouring purification device according to claim 1, wherein: the height of the chute (2) at the dam (24) is L, the height of the dam (24) is 0.2-0.5L, the dam holes (241) are upwards arranged in an arch or gate shape from the bottom of the chute (2), and the height L6 of the dam holes (241) is more than 2 times of the height L9 of the gaps (28).
4. The vacuum melting segregation reducing pouring purification device according to claim 1, wherein: the molten steel pouring area at the opposite end of the limiting hole (23) is provided with a molten steel pouring point (22), the bottom of the molten steel pouring area is inclined from the end of the molten steel pouring point (22) to the end provided with the limiting hole (23), the bottom of the molten steel purifying area is inclined in the opposite direction, and the inclination angles of the molten steel pouring area and the molten steel purifying area are 2-5 degrees.
5. The vacuum melting segregation reducing pouring purification device according to claim 4, wherein: the inclined end point of the molten steel pouring area and the inclined start point of the molten steel purifying area are arranged on the same plane.
6. The vacuum melting segregation reducing pouring purification device according to claim 1, wherein: a bridge (3) is arranged between the two shunts (1).
7. The vacuum melting segregation reducing pouring purification device according to claim 6, wherein: the bottom of the bridge (3) is inclined from the molten steel inlet to the molten steel outlet, and the inclination angle is 2-5 degrees;
and/or, a grid (31) is arranged at the bottom of the bridge (3) close to the outer side of the molten steel inlet.
8. The vacuum melting segregation reducing pouring purification device according to claim 6, wherein: the novel steel tapping device is characterized in that a pouring groove (11) is formed in the flow divider (1), the pouring groove (11) is arranged below the flow divider (1) close to the steel tapping hole (27), two ends of the pouring groove (11) are respectively communicated with a sub-runner (13), an observation groove (14) is formed in the intersection of the other ends of the two sub-runners (13), and diversion holes (15) are formed in the bottoms of the two sub-runners (13) in an equally dividing mode.
9. The vacuum melting segregation reducing pouring purification device according to claim 8, wherein: the second filter piece (12) is arranged at the communication part of the pouring groove (11) and the diversion channel (13), and the arrangement direction of the second filter piece (12) is perpendicular to the flow direction of molten steel.
10. A casting method of a vacuum melting segregation reducing casting purification apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by the specific steps of:
s1, heating a chute (2) to more than 1000 ℃, and preserving heat for 2-3 hours; heating the shunt (1) and the second filter sheet (12) to more than 500 ℃, and preserving heat for 3-5h;
s2, pouring molten steel into a molten steel pouring area from a pouring point (22) at a rate of 60-100Kg/S, regulating the molten steel pouring speed to stably pour at a rate of 3-10Kg/S when the molten steel height in the chute is more than 2/3 of the height of the chute (2), enabling the molten steel to flow into a molten steel purifying area through a flow limiting hole (23), enabling the molten steel to pass through a baffle dam (24) and a slag baffle (25), then pass through a first filter disc (26), and then pouring into a pouring groove (11) on a flow divider (1) through a steel outlet (27), and enabling the molten steel to be shunted into a shunting channel (13) with two communicated ends through a second filter disc (12), and enabling the molten steel to flow into a die through a flow guiding hole (15) in the shunting channel (13);
s3, after entering molten steel in the observation groove (14), the current divider (1) is transferred, and the molten steel at the steel tapping hole (27) flows through the bridge frame (3) erected between the two current dividers (1) and is poured into the next current divider (1).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311209839.1A CN117282952A (en) | 2023-09-19 | 2023-09-19 | Vacuum smelting segregation-reducing pouring purification device and pouring method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311209839.1A CN117282952A (en) | 2023-09-19 | 2023-09-19 | Vacuum smelting segregation-reducing pouring purification device and pouring method thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117282952A true CN117282952A (en) | 2023-12-26 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311209839.1A Pending CN117282952A (en) | 2023-09-19 | 2023-09-19 | Vacuum smelting segregation-reducing pouring purification device and pouring method thereof |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN117282952A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-09-19 CN CN202311209839.1A patent/CN117282952A/en active Pending
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