CN117280938A - Ridge surface height sensing device of harvester and harvesting height adjusting method - Google Patents

Ridge surface height sensing device of harvester and harvesting height adjusting method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117280938A
CN117280938A CN202311284388.8A CN202311284388A CN117280938A CN 117280938 A CN117280938 A CN 117280938A CN 202311284388 A CN202311284388 A CN 202311284388A CN 117280938 A CN117280938 A CN 117280938A
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China
Prior art keywords
ridge
height
harvester
arm
movable arm
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CN202311284388.8A
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CN117280938B (en
Inventor
张今旗
吴垚
张建成
蔡健
浦敏杰
王梦龙
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Wuxi Yuetian Agricultural Machinery Technology Co ltd
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Wuxi Yuetian Agricultural Machinery Technology Co ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01DHARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D45/00Harvesting of standing crops
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01DHARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D47/00Headers for topping of plants, e.g. stalks with ears
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01DHARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D75/00Accessories for harvesters or mowers
    • A01D75/18Safety devices for parts of the machines
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B21/00Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
    • G01B21/02Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
    • G01B21/08Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness for measuring thickness

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Harvesting Machines For Root Crops (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a ridge surface height sensing device of a harvester and a harvesting height adjusting method, comprising the harvester which runs along a field ridge, wherein the harvester is provided with a height sensing device for sensing the height change of the ridge surface, and the height sensing device comprises a height angle conversion mechanism and an angle measurer; the height angle conversion mechanism comprises an upper fixed arm, a first movable arm, a lower measuring arm and a second movable arm which are sequentially hinged and connected into a parallelogram, the upper fixed arm is fixed on the harvester, the lower measuring arm is connected with a ridge pasting component, and the ridge pasting component is attached to the ridge surface; the angle measurer correspondingly measures the angle of the first movable arm or the second movable arm; when the ridge pasting component changes along with the height of the ridge surface, the first movable arm and the second movable arm are driven to swing, and the measured value of the angle measurer is changed so as to feed back the change condition of the height of the ridge surface. The invention can enable the harvester to automatically adjust the cutting height.

Description

Ridge surface height sensing device of harvester and harvesting height adjusting method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural harvesters, in particular to a ridge surface height sensing device of a harvester and a harvesting height adjusting method.
Background
The Chinese is the country with great vegetable yield, and among various vegetables planted, the vegetables of leaf vegetables are very rich in variety and variety, and have 4 kinds of 230 varieties, and the total planting area is very large. According to statistics, the yield of the leaf vegetables accounts for 30% -40% of the total yield of vegetable production, and the proportion of the leaf vegetables in some areas is higher. The leaf vegetable industry has evolved into an important industry that drives farmers to work and become rich. Traditional leaf vegetable production belongs to labor-intensive industry, and harvesting operation requires more labor force compared with operations such as tillage, seeding, transplanting, irrigation, plant protection and the like. In the vegetable production operation in China, the harvesting operation accounts for about 40% of the total operation amount. The whole process mechanization of leaf vegetable production is a necessary requirement for the development of modern agriculture.
In the harvesting link of traditional operation, because the flatness of the fields is different, the height of the harvester is required to be continuously adjusted during operation, so that the harvested vegetables are ensured to be moderate in cutting height, and the operation is more troublesome.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a ridge surface height sensing device of a harvester and a harvesting height adjusting method, and aims to enable the harvester to automatically adjust cutting height.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the ridge surface height sensing device of the harvester comprises the harvester which moves along a field ridge, wherein the harvester is provided with a height sensing device for sensing the height change of the ridge surface, and the height sensing device comprises a height angle conversion mechanism and an angle measurer; the height angle conversion mechanism comprises an upper fixed arm, a first movable arm, a lower measuring arm and a second movable arm which are sequentially hinged and connected into a parallelogram, the upper fixed arm is fixed on the harvester, the lower measuring arm is connected with a ridge pasting component, and the ridge pasting component is attached to the ridge surface; the angle measurer correspondingly measures the angle of the first movable arm or the second movable arm; when the ridge pasting component changes along with the height of the ridge surface, the first movable arm and the second movable arm are driven to swing, and the measured value of the angle measurer is changed so as to feed back the change condition of the height of the ridge surface.
Further, the lower measuring arm is connected with a rotating shaft, the ridge pasting component comprises a lever frame which is rotatably arranged on the rotating shaft, and two ends of the lever frame are bent towards the ridge surface and then are pasted on the ridge surface; when one end of the lever frame encounters an obstacle, the end of the lever frame is tilted, so that the lifting height of the lower measuring arm is smaller than the tilting height of the end of the lever frame.
Further, the two ends of the lever frame are respectively provided with a ridging plate, and the ridging plates slide along the ridge surface when the harvester moves along the ridge.
Further, the ridge pasting plate is rotationally connected with the end part of the lever frame, and the ridge pasting plate takes the end part of the lever frame as a rotation fulcrum to form a lever structure; when one end of the ridge pasting plate meets an obstacle, the end of the ridge pasting plate is tilted, so that the tilting height of the corresponding end part on the lever frame is smaller than that of the end of the ridge pasting plate.
Further, the length direction of the ridge pasting plate is consistent with the advancing direction of the harvester, the upper plate surface of the ridge pasting plate is provided with a hinge seat which is in rotary fit with the end part of the lever frame, and the ridge pasting plate is bent upwards towards one end of the advancing direction of the harvester.
Further, the upper fixed arm is hinged with a shape limiting sheet, a limiting groove is formed in the shape limiting sheet, a limiting block is arranged on the lower measuring arm and is limited in the limiting groove, so that the distance between the upper fixed arm and the lower measuring arm is limited, and the swinging range of the first movable arm and the second movable arm is limited.
Further, there is the angle sensing axle in the angle measurement ware, and first movable arm passes through link assembly and angle sensing axle transmission to be connected, drives the angle sensing axle rotation under link assembly's transmission effect when first movable arm swings to change the measured value of angle measurement ware.
Further, a header is arranged on the harvester, the upper fixed arm is fixedly connected with the header, and when the header actively changes the cutting height, the upper fixed arm synchronously ascends and descends to drive the first movable arm and the second movable arm to swing.
A header height adjusting method of a harvester, the harvester is loaded with the ridge surface height sensing device, when the harvester moves along a field ridge, a ridge pasting plate is attached to the ridge surface, an angle measurer has an initial measurement value, and a qualified value range with a certain range is set according to the initial measurement value; when the height of the ridge surface is changed, the heights of the ridge pasting plate and the lower measuring arm are changed along with the change of the height of the ridge surface, the first movable arm and the second movable arm are driven to swing, and the measured value of the angle measurer is changed; and then the angle measurer feeds back the change condition of the measured value to a control module of the harvester, and the control module controls the height change of the cutting table, so that the measured value of the angle measurer returns to the qualified value range, and the cutting height of the cutting table is maintained in a certain range.
Further, when one end of the single-side ridge pasting plate meets an obstacle, the ridge pasting plate and the lever frame are tilted; at this time, the raising height of the raising end of the lever frame is smaller than that of the obstacle, and the raising height of the lower measuring arm is smaller than that of the raising end of the lever frame, so that the variation amplitude of the measured value of the angle measurer is reduced, and the fluctuation amplitude of the height of the cutting table is reduced.
The beneficial effects are that: the ridge surface height sensing device and the harvesting height adjusting method of the harvester have the beneficial effects that:
1) The height change condition of the ridge surface is collected through the height sensing device, the change of the ridge surface height is converted into the change of the angle, the changed angle information is transmitted to the control module of the harvester, and the control module controls and adjusts the height of the header of the harvester again so as to ensure that the cutting height of the harvested vegetables is moderate when the harvester works;
2) When the height sensing device encounters an obstacle, the lever frame and the ridge pasting plate are tilted, so that the fluctuation range of the measured value of the angle measurer is reduced, the height change range of the cutting table is smaller when the obstacle is encountered, and the influence of the obstacle on the cutting height is weakened.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a harvester as it travels over a ridge surface;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the height sensing device;
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the height sensing device;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the height sensing device when it encounters an obstacle.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The ridge surface height sensing device of a harvester as described in fig. 1 to 4, comprising a harvester 1 travelling along a ridge, wherein the harvester 1 is arranged on the ridge in a crossing manner, travelling wheels on two sides of the harvester 1 are respectively positioned on two sides of the ridge, and when the height of the ridge surface 3 is changed, the ground height of the harvester 1 is unchanged. The harvester 1 is provided with a height sensing device 2 for sensing the height change of the ridge surface 3, the height sensing device 2 comprises a height angle conversion mechanism and an angle measurer 9, the height angle conversion mechanism converts the height change condition of the ridge surface 3 into angle change, the angle change condition is measured through the angle measurer 9, and then the height change of the ridge surface 3 is reflected.
The height angle conversion mechanism comprises an upper fixed arm 5, a first movable arm 6, a lower measuring arm 7 and a second movable arm 8 which are sequentially hinged and connected into a parallelogram, wherein the upper fixed arm 5 is opposite to the lower measuring arm 7, and the first movable arm 6 is opposite to the second movable arm 8. The upper fixing arm 5 is fixedly arranged on the harvester 1, the lower measuring arm 7 is connected with a ridge pasting component 18, and the ridge pasting component 18 is attached to the ridge surface 3. The angle measurer 9 correspondingly measures the angle change of the first movable arm 6 or the second movable arm 8.
When the height of the ridge surface 3 changes, the ridge pasting component 18 changes along with the height change of the ridge surface 3, the height change of the ridge pasting component 18 enables the height of the lower measuring arm 7 to also change, and as the upper fixed arm 5, the first movable arm 6, the lower measuring arm 7 and the second movable arm 8 form a parallelogram, the height change of the lower measuring arm 7 can drive the first movable arm 6 and the second movable arm 8 to swing, so that the measured value of the angle measurer 9 is changed, the height change condition of the ridge surface 3 is fed back, and the height sensing of the ridge surface 3 is realized.
As shown in fig. 2, the lower measuring arm 7 is connected with a rotating shaft 10, and a downward end of the lower measuring arm 7 integrally extends out of the rotating shaft 10. The ridge pasting component 18 comprises a lever frame 11, the lever frame 11 is in an inverted U shape, the center of the lever frame 11 is rotatably arranged on the rotating shaft 10, two ends of the lever frame 11 are symmetrical, and two ends of the lever frame 11 are bent towards the ridge surface 3 and are pasted on the ridge surface 3 under the action of gravity. As shown in fig. 4, when one end of the lever frame 11 encounters an obstacle 4 such as a soil block or a stone, the end of the lever frame 11 is tilted, but since only one end of the lever frame 11 is tilted, the elevation of the lower measuring arm 7 may be smaller than the tilt of the end of the lever frame 11, thereby reducing the influence of the obstacle 4 on the height sensing device 2, and the angle change of the angle measurer 9 may be reduced when the obstacle 4 is encountered.
The two ends of the lever frame 11 are respectively provided with a ridge pasting plate 12, and the ridge pasting plates 12 slide along the ridge surface 3 when the harvester 1 moves along the ridges.
The ridge pasting plate 12 is rotatably connected with the end part of the lever frame 11, so that the ridge pasting plate 12 can rotate in a vertical plane. The end of the lever frame 11 is used as a rotating fulcrum to form a lever structure by the ridge pasting plate 12, when one end of the ridge pasting plate 12 encounters an obstacle 4, the end of the ridge pasting plate 12 is tilted, so that the tilting height of the corresponding end on the lever frame 11 is smaller than that of the end of the ridge pasting plate 12, the negative influence of the obstacle 4 on the height sensing device 2 is further reduced, and when the obstacle 4 is encountered, the angle change of the angle measurer 9 is further reduced.
The length direction of the ridge pasting plate 12 is consistent with the travelling direction of the harvester 1, and a hinge seat which is in running fit with the end part of the lever frame 11 is arranged at the center of the upper plate surface of the ridge pasting plate 12, so that the ridge pasting plate 12 is easier to keep in a substantially horizontal state. The ridge pasting plate 12 is arranged in a bending mode towards one end of the travelling direction of the harvester 1, so that when the ridge pasting plate 12 encounters an obstacle 4, the ridge pasting plate 12 can climb onto the obstacle 4, and the obstacle crossing effect is better. In order to make the ridge adhering plate 12 symmetrical from front to back, one end of the ridge adhering plate 12 facing away from the travelling direction of the harvester 1 is also arranged to be bent upwards.
The upper fixed arm 5 is hinged with a shape limiting sheet 13, a limiting groove 14 is formed in the shape limiting sheet 13, a limiting block 15 is arranged on the lower measuring arm 7, and the limiting block 15 is limited in the limiting groove 14 to limit the distance between the upper fixed arm 5 and the lower measuring arm 7 and further limit the swinging range of the first movable arm 6 and the second movable arm 8. As shown in fig. 2, one end of the shape limiting sheet 13 is hinged at the joint of the upper fixed arm 5 and the second movable arm 8, an elongated limiting groove 14 is formed in the shape limiting sheet 13, and the limiting block 15 correspondingly slides along the limiting groove 14 to limit the falling limit of the lower measuring arm 7. When the harvester 1 does not perform harvesting operation on the ridge surface 3, but only simply runs, the ridge pasting component 18 can be in a suspended state due to the limiting effect of the limiting groove 14, so that the ridge pasting component 18 is prevented from dragging on the ground in the running process of the harvester 1.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the angle measurer 9 is fixedly arranged on the upper fixed arm 5, and an angle sensing shaft 16 is arranged in the angle measurer 9, the first movable arm 6 is in transmission connection with the angle sensing shaft 16 through a connecting rod assembly 17, and the angle sensing shaft 16 is driven to rotate under the transmission action of the connecting rod assembly 17 when the first movable arm 6 swings so as to change the measured value of the angle measurer 9.
As shown in fig. 1, the harvester 1 is provided with a header 19, the header 19 is provided with a harvesting mechanism for harvesting leaf vegetables, the upper fixed arm 5 is fixedly connected with the header 19, and when the control module of the harvester 1 controls the header 19 to actively change the cutting height, the upper fixed arm 5 is synchronously lifted to drive the first movable arm 6 and the second movable arm 8 to swing, so that the measured value of the angle measurer 9 correspondingly changes.
The invention also provides a method for adjusting the height of the header of the harvester, wherein the harvester is provided with the ridge surface height sensing device, and the method comprises the following steps:
when the harvester 1 advances along the ridges and performs harvesting operation, the cutting height is adjusted to be proper, the ridge pasting plate 12 is attached to the ridge surface 3, at the moment, the angle measurer 9 has an initial measurement value, a qualified value range in a certain range is set according to the initial measurement value, if the initial measurement value is 110 degrees, the qualified value range is within a range of plus or minus 3 degrees of 110 degrees;
when the height of the ridge surface 3 is changed, the heights of the ridge attaching plate 12 and the lower measuring arm 7 are changed, so that the first movable arm 6 and the second movable arm 8 are driven to swing, and the measured value of the angle measurer 9 is changed; then the angle measurer 9 feeds back the change condition of the measured value to the control module of the harvester 1, the control module controls the electric push rod to move, the height of the cutting table 19 is adjusted through the electric push rod, the measured value of the angle measurer 9 returns to the qualified value range, and then the cutting height of the cutting table 19 is maintained in a certain range, so that the harvester 1 automatically adjusts the cutting height, and the cutting height of the harvested vegetables is moderate.
In the process that the harvester 1 travels along the ridges, the harvester may encounter the obstacles 4 such as soil blocks or stones, and the height of the header 19 is suddenly changed due to the existence of the obstacles 4, so that the harvesting quality of the vegetables is affected. In the invention, the ridge pasting plate 12 and the lever frame 11 are arranged, and when one end of the ridge pasting plate 12 on one side meets the obstacle 4, the ridge pasting plate 12 and the lever frame 11 are tilted; at this time, the tilting height of the tilting end of the lever frame 11 is smaller than the height of the obstacle 4, the rising height of the lower measuring arm 7 is smaller than the tilting height of the tilting end of the lever frame 11, so that the variation amplitude of the measured value of the angle measurer 9 is reduced, the fluctuation amplitude of the height of the header 19 is reduced, the harvesting height of the header 19 is more stable, and the harvesting quality of vegetables is higher.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the invention, it being noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a harvester ridge face height induction system which characterized in that: the harvester comprises a harvester (1) which moves along a ridge, wherein a height sensing device (2) for sensing the height change of the ridge surface (3) is arranged on the harvester (1), and the height sensing device (2) comprises a height angle conversion mechanism and an angle measurer (9);
the height angle conversion mechanism comprises an upper fixed arm (5), a first movable arm (6), a lower measuring arm (7) and a second movable arm (8) which are sequentially hinged and connected into a parallelogram, the upper fixed arm (5) is fixed on the harvester (1), a ridge pasting component (18) is connected to the lower measuring arm (7), and the ridge pasting component (18) is attached to the ridge surface (3); the angle measurer (9) correspondingly measures the angle of the first movable arm (6) or the second movable arm (8);
when the ridge pasting component (18) changes along with the height of the ridge surface (3), the first movable arm (6) and the second movable arm (8) are driven to swing, and the measured value of the angle measurer (9) is changed so as to feed back the height change condition of the ridge surface (3).
2. The ridge height sensing device of a harvester of claim 1, wherein: the lower measuring arm (7) is connected with a rotating shaft (10), the ridge pasting component (18) comprises a lever frame (11) rotatably arranged on the rotating shaft (10), and two ends of the lever frame (11) are respectively pasted on the ridge surface (3) after being bent towards the ridge surface (3); when one end of the lever frame (11) meets the obstacle (4), the end of the lever frame (11) is tilted, so that the lifting height of the lower measuring arm (7) is smaller than the tilting height of the end of the lever frame (11).
3. The ridge height sensing device of a harvester of claim 2, wherein: the two ends of the lever frame (11) are respectively provided with a ridging plate (12), and the ridging plates (12) slide along the ridge surface (3) when the harvester (1) moves along the ridges.
4. A harvester ridge height sensing apparatus as in claim 3 wherein: the ridge pasting plate (12) is rotationally connected with the end part of the lever frame (11), and the ridge pasting plate (12) takes the end part of the lever frame (11) as a rotation fulcrum to form a lever structure; when one end of the ridge pasting plate (12) meets the obstacle (4), the end of the ridge pasting plate (12) is tilted, so that the tilting height of the corresponding end part on the lever bracket (11) is smaller than that of the end of the ridge pasting plate (12).
5. The ridge height sensing device of a harvester of claim 4, wherein: the length direction of the ridging plate (12) is consistent with the advancing direction of the harvester (1), a hinge seat which is in rotary fit with the end part of the lever bracket (11) is arranged on the upper plate surface of the ridging plate (12), and the ridging plate (12) is bent upwards towards one end of the advancing direction of the harvester (1).
6. The ridge height sensing device of a harvester of claim 5, wherein: the upper fixed arm (5) is hinged with a shape limiting sheet (13), a limiting groove (14) is formed in the shape limiting sheet (13), a limiting block (15) is arranged on the lower measuring arm (7), the limiting block (15) is limited in the limiting groove (14) so as to limit the distance between the upper fixed arm (5) and the lower measuring arm (7), and further limit the swinging range of the first movable arm (6) and the second movable arm (8).
7. The ridge height sensing device of a harvester of claim 5, wherein: an angle sensing shaft (16) is arranged in the angle measurer (9), the first movable arm (6) is in transmission connection with the angle sensing shaft (16) through a connecting rod assembly (17), and the angle sensing shaft (16) is driven to rotate under the transmission action of the connecting rod assembly (17) when the first movable arm (6) swings so as to change the measured value of the angle measurer (9).
8. The ridge height sensing device of a harvester according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein: be provided with header (19) on harvester (1), go up fixed arm (5) and header (19) fixed connection, when header (19) initiative change cutting height, go up fixed arm (5) and go up synchronous lift, drive first movable arm (6) and second movable arm (8) swing.
9. A header height adjusting method of a harvester, the harvester (1) is provided with the ridge surface height sensing device according to claim 8, characterized in that: when the harvester (1) advances along the ridge, the ridge pasting plate (12) is pasted on the ridge surface (3), an initial measurement value is provided for the angle measurer (9), and a qualified value range in a certain range is set according to the initial measurement value; when the height of the ridge surface (3) is changed, the heights of the ridge pasting plate (12) and the lower measuring arm (7) are changed along with the change, the first movable arm (6) and the second movable arm (8) are driven to swing, and the measured value of the angle measurer (9) is changed; and then the angle measurer (9) feeds back the change condition of the measured value to a control module of the harvester (1), and the control module controls the height change of the cutting table (19) to enable the measured value of the angle measurer (9) to return to a qualified value range, so that the cutting height of the cutting table (19) is maintained within a certain range.
10. The method for adjusting the height of a header of a harvester according to claim 9, wherein: when one end of the single-side ridge pasting plate (12) meets an obstacle (4), the ridge pasting plate (12) and the lever frame (11) are tilted; at the moment, the tilting height of the tilting end of the lever frame (11) is smaller than that of the obstacle (4), and the lifting height of the lower measuring arm (7) is smaller than that of the tilting end of the lever frame (11), so that the variation amplitude of the measured value of the angle measurer (9) is reduced, and the fluctuation amplitude of the height of the cutting table (19) is reduced.
CN202311284388.8A 2023-10-07 2023-10-07 Ridge surface height sensing device of harvester and harvesting height adjusting method Active CN117280938B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001016946A (en) * 1999-07-08 2001-01-23 Kobashi Kogyo Co Ltd Height-controlling mechanism for harvesting part of head-forming vegetable harvester
CN109392434A (en) * 2018-12-06 2019-03-01 江苏省农业科学院 A kind of orderly cropper of intelligence vegetables
JP2020115839A (en) * 2019-01-28 2020-08-06 株式会社ササキコーポレーション Rhizome crop harvester
CN110036759A (en) * 2019-04-22 2019-07-23 山东省农业机械科学研究院 Leafy vegetable cropper forward type divides standing grain profiling acquisition control system and harvest control method
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CN116018938A (en) * 2022-12-01 2023-04-28 中国农业大学 Self-propelled green fodder harvester header profiling detection mechanism and control method thereof

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