CN117269731B - PCBA performance automatic test system based on Internet of things - Google Patents
PCBA performance automatic test system based on Internet of things Download PDFInfo
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/28—Testing of electronic circuits, e.g. by signal tracer
- G01R31/2801—Testing of printed circuits, backplanes, motherboards, hybrid circuits or carriers for multichip packages [MCP]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
- B07C5/342—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour
- B07C5/3422—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour using video scanning devices, e.g. TV-cameras
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/8851—Scan or image signal processing specially adapted therefor, e.g. for scan signal adjustment, for detecting different kinds of defects, for compensating for structures, markings, edges
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- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/95—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
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- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/28—Testing of electronic circuits, e.g. by signal tracer
- G01R31/2801—Testing of printed circuits, backplanes, motherboards, hybrid circuits or carriers for multichip packages [MCP]
- G01R31/2803—Testing of printed circuits, backplanes, motherboards, hybrid circuits or carriers for multichip packages [MCP] by means of functional tests, e.g. logic-circuit-simulation or algorithms therefor
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/28—Testing of electronic circuits, e.g. by signal tracer
- G01R31/2801—Testing of printed circuits, backplanes, motherboards, hybrid circuits or carriers for multichip packages [MCP]
- G01R31/281—Specific types of tests or tests for a specific type of fault, e.g. thermal mapping, shorts testing
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of PCBA performance testing, in particular to an automatic PCBA performance testing system based on the Internet of things, which comprises an Internet of things platform, a surface scanning judging module, a testing environment simulation module, a simulation reliability checking module, a performance testing evaluation module and a testing early-warning module; according to the invention, a plurality of test environments of the PCBA are simulated through the test environment simulation module, the performance test evaluation module performs performance test operation on the PCBA under different test environments, the running performance conditions of the PCBA under different environments are judged, comprehensive evaluation on the PCBA performance is realized, the overall performance conditions of the PCBA can be mastered in detail, the test automation and the intelligent degree are high, and the surface abnormal conditions and the deviation conditions of the simulated test environments are effectively detected and reasonably analyzed before the test operation of the PCBA is performed, so that the accuracy of performance test results and the stable and smooth performance of the test process are further ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of PCBA performance testing, in particular to an automatic PCBA performance testing system based on the Internet of things.
Background
The PCBA is used for representing the assembly of a printed circuit board, and is manufactured into a PCB bare board by a circuit board manufacturer according to a design schematic diagram of an electronic product, then corresponding components are welded on the PCB bare board, and part of the components are also required to be welded in an auxiliary manner by adopting a DIP plug-in technology, so that the PCB board after the completion of the welding is uniformly called as a PCBA board; with the continuous development of technology, the performance requirements on electronic products are higher and higher, and PCBA is taken as an important part of the electronic products, so that the performance test and optimization of the PCBA are important to ensure the quality and performance of the products;
At present, when PCBA performance test is performed, manual operation is mainly relied on, efficiency is low and errors are easy to occur, abnormal conditions on the surface of the PCBA and deviation conditions of a simulated test environment cannot be effectively detected and reasonably analyzed before the PCBA test operation is performed, the accuracy of PCBA performance test results and the stability of test processes are not guaranteed to be smoothly performed, comprehensive evaluation of PCBA operation performance is difficult to achieve, and the accuracy of the PCBA performance test results is further reduced;
In view of the above technical drawbacks, a solution is now proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an automatic PCBA performance testing system based on the Internet of things, which solves the problems that the abnormal condition of the surface of the PCBA and the deviation condition of the simulated testing environment cannot be effectively detected and reasonably analyzed before the testing operation of the PCBA in the prior art, the comprehensive and comprehensive evaluation of the PCBA running performance is difficult to realize, the accuracy of performance testing results is low, and the degree of automation and the degree of intelligence are to be improved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
A PCBA performance automatic test system based on the Internet of things comprises an Internet of things platform, a surface scanning judgment module, a test environment simulation module, a simulation reliability verification module, a performance test evaluation module and a test early warning module; the surface scanning judging module carries out surface scanning detection on the PCBA, judges the surface condition of the PCBA through analysis, generates a surface detection qualified signal or a surface detection unqualified signal of the PCBA according to the surface scanning detection, sends the surface detection unqualified signal to the testing early warning module through the internet of things platform, and sends the surface detection qualified signal to the testing environment simulation module through the internet of things platform;
after receiving the surface detection qualified signals, the test environment simulation module simulates a plurality of test environments of the PCBA, wherein the test environments comprise a high-temperature environment, a low-temperature environment, a high-humidity environment, a vibration environment and an electromagnetic environment; the simulation reliability verification module verifies the simulated test environment to judge whether the corresponding test environment meets the corresponding performance test requirement or not, a test loop verification normal signal or a test loop verification abnormal signal is generated according to the test environment, the test loop verification abnormal signal is sent to the test early warning module through the Internet of things platform, and the test loop verification normal signal is sent to the performance test evaluation module;
The performance test evaluation module performs performance test operation on the PCBA under different test environments, analyzes based on relevant test data collected under different environments, generates a performance evaluation qualified signal or a performance evaluation unqualified signal of the PCBA through analysis, and sends the performance evaluation unqualified signal to the test early warning module through the Internet of things platform; when the test early warning module receives the surface detection failure signal, the ring detection abnormal signal or the performance evaluation failure signal, the corresponding signal is displayed and early warning is sent out.
Further, the specific operation process of the surface scanning judgment module comprises the following steps:
identifying cracks existing in the PCBA by carrying out defect scanning on the PCBA, and generating a surface detection failure signal of the PCBA if the number of the cracks existing in the PCBA exceeds a preset crack number threshold; if the number of the cracks in the PCBA does not exceed the preset crack number threshold, respectively comparing the average depth, the average length and the average width of the corresponding cracks with the preset average depth threshold, the preset average length threshold and the preset average width threshold in a numerical mode, and if the average depth, the average length or the average width of the corresponding cracks exceeds the corresponding preset threshold, marking the corresponding cracks as high-risk cracks; if the PCBA has high-risk cracks, generating a surface detection failure signal of the PCBA;
If no high-risk crack exists in the PCBA, acquiring a surface image by carrying out surface scanning on the PCBA and marking the surface image as an actual image, calling an original image of the corresponding PCBA from an internet platform, and overlapping the actual image and the original image to acquire surface consistency data of the PCBA; performing numerical comparison on the surface consistency data and a preset surface consistency data threshold value, and generating a surface detection failure signal of the PCBA if the surface consistency data does not exceed the preset surface consistency data threshold value; and if the surface consistency data exceeds a preset surface consistency data threshold value, performing segmentation block correction analysis.
Further, the specific analysis process of the segmentation and calibration analysis is as follows:
Carrying out gray processing on an actual image and an original image of the PCBA, amplifying the processed actual image and the original image, dividing the amplified actual image into a plurality of image blocks and marking the image blocks as target image blocks, wherein each image block comprises a plurality of pixel grids; the original image is divided by the same way, a plurality of standard image blocks are obtained, and the target image blocks are in one-to-one correspondence with the standard image blocks; collecting gray data of a target block and corresponding standard blocks, and calculating the difference value of the gray data of the target block and the standard block to obtain a gray difference value; comparing the gray level difference value with a preset recovery difference threshold value, and marking the corresponding target image block as a color deviation image block if the gray level difference value exceeds the preset gray level difference threshold value;
Obtaining the number of the pigment bias blocks in the PCBA, marking the number as a pigment bias detection value, obtaining the maximum adjacent number of the pigment bias blocks in the PCBA, marking the maximum adjacent number as a pigment bias adjacent value, respectively comparing the pigment bias detection value and the pigment bias adjacent value with a preset pigment bias detection threshold value and a preset pigment bias adjacent threshold value in a numerical mode, and generating a surface detection unqualified signal of the PCBA if the pigment bias detection value or the pigment bias adjacent value exceeds the corresponding preset threshold value; and if the color deviation detection value and the color deviation adjacent value do not exceed the corresponding preset threshold values, generating a surface detection qualified signal of the PCBA.
Further, the specific operation process of the simulation reliability verification module comprises the following steps:
Acquiring a deviation value of average temperature data of a corresponding test environment compared with a preset average temperature standard value, marking the deviation value as temperature deviation data, and performing difference calculation on a highest temperature value and a lowest temperature value in the test environment in a detection period to obtain temperature amplitude data; acquiring humidity deviation data and humidity amplitude data in a similar way, and carrying out numerical calculation on the temperature deviation data, the temperature amplitude data, the humidity deviation data and the humidity amplitude data to obtain a temperature-humidity check coefficient; comparing the temperature and humidity check coefficient with a preset temperature and humidity check coefficient threshold value, and generating a ring-measuring check abnormal signal corresponding to the test environment if the temperature and humidity check coefficient exceeds the preset temperature and humidity check coefficient threshold value;
If the temperature and humidity check coefficient does not exceed the preset temperature and humidity check coefficient threshold value, obtaining a vibration magnetic interference coefficient corresponding to the test environment through vibration magnetic interference analysis, comparing the vibration magnetic interference coefficient with the preset vibration magnetic interference coefficient threshold value in a numerical mode, and if the vibration magnetic interference coefficient exceeds the preset vibration magnetic interference coefficient threshold value, generating a ring testing check abnormal signal corresponding to the test environment; if the vibration magnetic interference coefficient does not exceed the preset vibration magnetic interference coefficient threshold value, generating a ring testing verification normal signal corresponding to the testing environment.
Further, the specific analysis process of the vibration magnetic interference analysis is as follows:
Acquiring vibration frequency amplitude data and electromagnetic intensity data corresponding to corresponding moments in a test environment, respectively carrying out numerical comparison on the vibration frequency amplitude data and the electromagnetic intensity data with a preset vibration frequency amplitude data range and a preset electromagnetic intensity data range, and judging that the test environment is in a vibration magnetic reasonable state at the corresponding moments if the vibration frequency amplitude data and the electromagnetic intensity data are in the corresponding preset ranges; otherwise, judging that the testing environment at the corresponding moment is in a state of unreasonable vibration magnetism;
Calculating the difference value between the average vibration frequency amplitude value in the test environment corresponding to the detection period and the median value of the preset vibration frequency amplitude data range and taking the absolute value to obtain a vibration analysis value, and calculating the difference value between the average electromagnetic intensity value in the test environment corresponding to the detection period and the median value of the preset electromagnetic intensity data range and taking the absolute value to obtain an electromagnetic analysis value; marking the time period of the detection period corresponding to the test environment in the vibration magnetic disqualification state as a vibration magnetic unreasonable duration value, and carrying out normalization calculation on the vibration magnetic unreasonable duration value, the vibration analysis value and the electromagnetic analysis value to obtain the vibration magnetic interference coefficient.
Further, the specific operation process of the performance test evaluation module comprises the following steps:
The method comprises the steps of obtaining an actual voltage fluctuation curve and an actual current fluctuation curve of a PCBA under a corresponding test environment through testing, calling a standard voltage fluctuation curve and a standard current fluctuation curve under the corresponding test environment from an internet platform, placing the actual voltage fluctuation curve and the standard voltage fluctuation curve into a rectangular coordinate system positioned in a first quadrant, connecting a starting point of the actual voltage fluctuation curve and a starting point of the standard voltage fluctuation curve through a line segment, connecting an end point of the actual voltage fluctuation curve and an end point of the standard voltage fluctuation curve through a line segment, marking an area of an intersection region formed by the actual voltage fluctuation curve and the standard voltage fluctuation curve as a voltage intersection value, and obtaining a current intersection value in a similar way;
Respectively comparing the voltage crossing value and the current crossing value with a preset voltage crossing threshold value and a preset current crossing threshold value, if the voltage crossing value or the current crossing value exceeds the corresponding preset threshold value, judging that the electric power of the PCBA is abnormal in the corresponding test environment, and if the electric power is abnormal, generating a performance evaluation disqualification signal of the PCBA; if no electric power abnormality occurs in all the test environments, obtaining fault rate data of the PCBA in all the test environments, comparing the fault rate data with a preset fault rate data threshold value corresponding to the test environments, if the fault rate data exceeds the preset fault rate data threshold value, judging that the PCBA is abnormal in fault performance under the corresponding test environments, and if the fault performance is abnormal, generating a performance evaluation disqualification signal of the PCBA.
Further, if no fault performance abnormality occurs in all the test environments, temperature stability data of the PCBA in the high-temperature environment, the low-temperature environment and the high-humidity environment are collected, the temperature stability data are compared with a preset temperature stability data threshold value corresponding to the test environments, if the temperature stability data exceed the preset temperature stability data threshold value, the PCBA is judged to be abnormal in temperature performance under the corresponding test environments, and if the temperature performance abnormality occurs, a performance evaluation disqualification signal of the PCBA is generated.
Further, if no abnormal temperature performance exists in the high-temperature environment, the low-temperature environment and the high-humidity environment, acquiring response time duration data of the PCBA in the high-temperature environment and the low-temperature environment, respectively marking the response time duration data as a high Wen Xiang time value and a low-temperature response time value, acquiring an insulation resistance value of the PCBA in the high-humidity environment, and acquiring vibration magnitude data of the PCBA in a vibration environment and electromagnetic compatibility data of the PCBA in an electromagnetic environment;
Carrying out normalization calculation on the high Wen Xiang time value, the low-temperature sound value, the insulation resistance value, the vibration magnitude data and the electromagnetic compatibility data to obtain a sex-test normalization coefficient, carrying out numerical comparison on the sex-test normalization coefficient and a preset sex-test normalization coefficient threshold value, and if the sex-test normalization coefficient exceeds the preset sex-test normalization coefficient threshold value, generating a performance evaluation unqualified signal of the PCBA; and if the performance measurement normalization coefficient does not exceed the preset performance measurement normalization coefficient threshold value, generating a performance evaluation qualified signal of the PCBA.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. According to the invention, a plurality of test environments of the PCBA are simulated through the test environment simulation module, so that the performance of the PCBA under different conditions is comprehensively evaluated, the stability and reliability of the PCBA in actual use can be ensured, the PCBA is subjected to performance test operation under different test environments through the performance test evaluation module, the running performance condition of the PCBA under different environments is judged, and the performance evaluation qualified signals or the performance evaluation unqualified signals of the PCBA are generated through analysis, so that the comprehensive evaluation of the PCBA performance is realized, the overall performance condition of the PCBA can be mastered in detail, and the test automation and intelligent degree are high;
2. In the invention, the surface scanning judgment module is used for carrying out surface scanning detection on the PCBA, and the surface detection qualified signal or the surface detection unqualified signal of the PCBA is generated through analysis, so that inaccurate subsequent performance test results caused by surface abnormality of the PCBA are avoided, and the accuracy and the stable performance of the subsequent performance test results are effectively ensured; and the simulated test environment is verified through the simulation reliability verification module, so that a test loop verification normal signal or a test loop verification abnormal signal is generated, the corresponding test environment is guaranteed to meet the test requirement, and the accuracy of PCBA performance test results under the corresponding test environment is further improved.
Drawings
For the convenience of those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings;
FIG. 1 is a system block diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a system block diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Embodiment one: as shown in fig. 1, the PCBA performance automatic test system based on the internet of things provided by the invention comprises an internet of things platform, a surface scanning judging module, a test environment simulation module, a performance test evaluation module and a test early warning module, wherein the internet of things platform is in communication connection with the surface scanning judging module, the test environment simulation module, the performance test evaluation module and the test early warning module through the internet of things;
The surface scanning judging module carries out surface scanning detection on the PCBA, the surface condition of the PCBA is judged through analysis, a surface detection qualified signal or a surface detection unqualified signal of the PCBA is generated according to the surface scanning detection, the surface detection unqualified signal is sent to the testing and early warning module through the internet of things platform, the testing and early warning module displays and sends corresponding signals and gives out early warning, operators receive the corresponding early warning to reject the PCBA from a test object, the follow-up performance testing result inaccuracy caused by the surface abnormality of the PCBA is avoided, and the accuracy and the stable performance of the follow-up performance testing result are effectively ensured; the specific operation process of the surface scanning judging module is as follows:
The method comprises the steps of performing defect scanning on the PCBA to identify cracks existing in the PCBA, obtaining the number of the cracks existing in the PCBA, performing numerical comparison on the number of the cracks existing in the PCBA and a preset crack number threshold value, and if the number of the cracks existing in the PCBA exceeds the preset crack number threshold value, indicating that the surface condition of the PCBA is poor, generating a surface detection failure signal of the PCBA; if the number of the cracks in the PCBA does not exceed the preset crack number threshold, acquiring the average depth, the average length and the average width of the corresponding cracks, respectively comparing the average depth, the average length and the average width of the corresponding cracks with the preset average depth threshold, the preset average length threshold and the preset average width threshold in a numerical mode, and if the average depth, the average length or the average width of the corresponding cracks exceeds the corresponding preset threshold, marking the corresponding cracks as high-risk cracks; if the high-risk cracks exist in the PCBA, which indicates that the surface condition of the PCBA is poor, generating a surface detection failure signal of the PCBA;
If no high-risk crack exists in the PCBA, acquiring a surface image by carrying out surface scanning on the PCBA and marking the surface image as an actual image, calling an original image of the corresponding PCBA from an internet platform, and overlapping the actual image and the original image to acquire surface consistency data of the PCBA; the surface consistency data is a data value representing the degree of coincidence between the actual image and the original image, and the larger the value of the surface consistency data is, the higher the degree of coincidence between the actual image and the original image is; performing numerical comparison on the surface consistency data and a preset surface consistency data threshold value, and generating a surface detection failure signal of the PCBA if the surface consistency data does not exceed the preset surface consistency data threshold value;
If the surface consistency data exceeds a preset surface consistency data threshold, performing segmentation and block correction analysis, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps: carrying out gray processing on an actual image and an original image of the PCBA, amplifying the processed actual image and the original image, dividing the amplified actual image into a plurality of image blocks and marking the image blocks as target image blocks, wherein each image block comprises a plurality of pixel grids; the original image is divided by the same way, a plurality of standard image blocks are obtained, and the target image blocks are in one-to-one correspondence with the standard image blocks; collecting gray data of a target block and corresponding standard blocks, and calculating the difference value of the gray data of the target block and the standard block to obtain a gray difference value; the larger the value of the gray level analysis value of the corresponding image block is, the larger the color deviation of the image block is, and the larger the probability of pollution on the surface of the corresponding image block is; comparing the gray level difference value with a preset recovery difference threshold value, and marking the corresponding target image block as a color deviation image block if the gray level difference value exceeds the preset gray level difference threshold value;
Obtaining the number of the pigment bias blocks in the PCBA and marking the number as a pigment bias detection value, and obtaining the maximum adjacent number of the pigment bias blocks in the PCBA (namely the maximum value of the number of the pigment bias blocks which are connected together) and marking the maximum adjacent number as a pigment bias adjacent value, wherein the larger the number of the pigment bias detection value and the pigment bias adjacent value is, the larger the probability that the whole or partial pollution exists on the surface of the PCBA is indicated; respectively carrying out numerical comparison on the color deviation detection value and the color deviation adjacent value and a preset color deviation detection threshold value and a preset color deviation adjacent threshold value, and if the color deviation detection value or the color deviation adjacent value exceeds the corresponding preset threshold value, indicating that the surface condition of the PCBA is poor, generating a surface detection disqualification signal of the PCBA; and if the color deviation detection value and the color deviation adjacent value do not exceed the corresponding preset threshold values, indicating that the surface condition of the PCBA is good, generating a surface detection qualified signal of the PCBA.
The surface scanning judging module sends the surface detection qualified signals to the testing environment simulation module through the internet of things platform, and the testing environment simulation module simulates a plurality of testing environments of the PCBA after receiving the surface detection qualified signals, wherein the testing environments comprise a high-temperature environment, a low-temperature environment, a high-humidity environment, a vibration environment and an electromagnetic environment; through simulating the environments and carrying out corresponding test operation on the PCBA in various environments, the performance of the PCBA under different conditions can be comprehensively evaluated, so that the stability and the reliability of the PCBA in actual use can be ensured; and, simulation of these environments is mainly achieved by using corresponding equipment and techniques, such as temperature test boxes, humidity test boxes, vibration tables, electromagnetic interference simulators, and the like.
Furthermore, the performance test evaluation module performs performance test operation on the PCBA under different test environments, analyzes based on related test data collected under different environments to judge the running performance condition of the PCBA under different environments, generates a performance evaluation qualified signal or a performance evaluation unqualified signal of the PCBA through analysis, sends the performance evaluation unqualified signal to the test early warning module through the Internet of things platform, and the test early warning module receives and displays the corresponding signal and gives out early warning to realize comprehensive evaluation on the performance of the PCBA, can grasp the overall performance condition of the PCBA in detail, and has high test automation and intelligent degree; the specific operation process of the performance test evaluation module is as follows:
The method comprises the steps of obtaining an actual voltage fluctuation curve and an actual current fluctuation curve of a PCBA under a corresponding test environment through testing, calling a standard voltage fluctuation curve and a standard current fluctuation curve under the corresponding test environment from an internet platform, placing the actual voltage fluctuation curve and the standard voltage fluctuation curve into a rectangular coordinate system positioned in a first quadrant, connecting starting points of the actual voltage fluctuation curve and the standard voltage fluctuation curve through line segments, connecting tail points of the actual voltage fluctuation curve and the standard voltage fluctuation curve through line segments, marking areas of intersecting areas formed by the actual voltage fluctuation curve and the standard voltage fluctuation curve (namely areas and values of a plurality of closed areas surrounded by the actual voltage fluctuation curve and the standard voltage fluctuation curve) as voltage intersecting values, and obtaining the current intersecting values in a similar way; and, the larger the value of the voltage crossing value and the current crossing value, the worse the voltage and current performance of the PCBA under the corresponding test environment is indicated;
Respectively comparing the voltage crossing value and the current crossing value with a preset voltage crossing threshold value and a preset current crossing threshold value, if the voltage crossing value or the current crossing value exceeds the corresponding preset threshold value, judging that the electric power of the PCBA is abnormal in the corresponding test environment, and if the electric power is abnormal, generating a performance evaluation disqualification signal of the PCBA; if no electric power abnormality occurs in all the test environments, obtaining fault rate data of the PCBA in all the test environments, wherein the fault rate data is a data value representing the number of faults of the PCBA in the test process under the corresponding test environments, comparing the fault rate data with a preset fault rate data threshold value of the corresponding test environments, judging that the PCBA is abnormal in fault performance under the corresponding test environments if the fault rate data exceeds the corresponding preset fault rate data threshold value, and generating a performance evaluation disqualification signal of the PCBA if the fault performance abnormality occurs;
If no fault performance abnormality occurs in all the test environments, acquiring temperature stability data of the PCBA in a high-temperature environment, a low-temperature environment and a high-humidity environment, wherein the temperature stability data is a data value representing the temperature change rate of the PCBA in the test process under the corresponding test environment, and the larger the temperature change rate is, the larger the value of the temperature stability data is, and the worse the temperature performance condition of the PCBA is; comparing the temperature stability data with a preset temperature stability data threshold value corresponding to the test environment, if the temperature stability data exceeds the preset temperature stability data threshold value, judging that the temperature of the PCBA is abnormal in the corresponding test environment, and if the temperature is abnormal, generating a performance evaluation disqualification signal of the PCBA;
If no abnormal temperature performance exists in the high-temperature environment, the low-temperature environment and the high-humidity environment, acquiring response time data of the PCBA in the high-temperature environment and the low-temperature environment and marking the response time data as a high Wen Xiang time value and a low-temperature response time value respectively, wherein the larger the values of the high Wen Xiang time value and the low-temperature response time value are, the slower the response speed of the PCBA is, and the poorer the response performance of the PCBA is; the insulation resistance value of the PCBA in a high-humidity environment is collected, and vibration magnitude data of the PCBA in a vibration environment and electromagnetic compatibility data of the PCBA in an electromagnetic environment are collected;
The insulation resistance is leakage current generated by insulation materials of two electric conductors in the circuit under the action of direct current voltage, and for PCBA, the higher the value of the insulation resistance is, the better the electrical isolation can be provided; the vibration magnitude data are used for representing the vibration magnitude of the PCBA, and the smaller the numerical value of the vibration magnitude data is, the better the anti-seismic performance of the PCBA is; the electromagnetic compatibility data refers to the capability that the PCBA operates in an electromagnetic environment according with requirements and cannot generate intolerable electromagnetic disturbance to any equipment in the environment, and the larger the numerical value of the electromagnetic compatibility data is, the better the operation performance of the PCBA is shown;
by the formula Carrying out normalization calculation on a high Wen Xiang time value XF, a low-temperature response value XR, an insulation resistance value XP, vibration magnitude data XZ and electromagnetic compatibility data XW to obtain a sex-test normalization coefficient XG, carrying out numerical comparison on the sex-test normalization coefficient XG and a preset sex-test normalization coefficient threshold value, and if the sex-test normalization coefficient XG exceeds the preset sex-test normalization coefficient threshold value, indicating that the overall performance of the PCB is poor, generating a performance evaluation disqualification signal of the PCBA; and if the performance measurement normalization coefficient XG does not exceed the preset performance measurement normalization coefficient threshold, indicating that the overall performance of the PCB is good, generating a performance evaluation qualified signal of the PCBA.
Embodiment two: as shown in fig. 2, the difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that, before performing performance test on the PCBA in the corresponding test environment, the simulation reliability check module checks the simulated test environment to determine whether the corresponding test environment meets the corresponding performance test requirement, so as to generate a ring test check normal signal or a ring test check abnormal signal, and sends the ring test check abnormal signal to the test early warning module through the internet of things platform, and sends the ring test check normal signal to the performance test evaluation module;
When a testing ring checking normal signal is generated, the performance test evaluation module starts to perform performance test operation of the PCBA under a corresponding test environment; when the test early warning module receives the test ring checking abnormal signal, the corresponding signal is displayed and early warned, an operator temporarily does not perform PCBA performance test under the corresponding test environment, and improves the corresponding test environment through equipment regulation and control, so that the corresponding test environment is ensured to meet the test requirement, and the accuracy of the PCBA performance test result under the corresponding test environment is obviously improved; the specific operation process of the simulation reliability verification module is as follows:
Acquiring a deviation value of average temperature data of a corresponding test environment compared with a preset average temperature standard value, marking the deviation value as temperature deviation data, and performing difference calculation on a highest temperature value and a lowest temperature value in the test environment in a detection period to obtain temperature amplitude data; the method comprises the steps that humidity deviation data and humidity amplitude data are obtained in the same way, and temperature deviation data HP, temperature amplitude data HR, humidity deviation data HG and humidity amplitude data HF in a test environment corresponding to a detection period are subjected to numerical calculation through a formula HY=a1, HP+a2, HR+a3 and HG+a4 to obtain a temperature-humidity verification coefficient HY corresponding to the test environment;
Wherein a1, a2, a3 and a4 are preset proportionality coefficients, and the values of a1, a2, a3 and a4 are all larger than zero; and the numerical value of the temperature and humidity verification coefficient HY is in a direct proportion relation with the temperature deviation data HP, the temperature amplitude data HR, the humidity deviation data HG and the humidity amplitude data HF, and the larger the numerical value of the temperature and humidity verification coefficient HY is, the more unsatisfactory the corresponding test environment is, and the more unfavorable is the fact that the accuracy of the PCBA related test result in the test environment is ensured; comparing the temperature and humidity check coefficient HY with a preset temperature and humidity check coefficient threshold value, and generating a ring-measuring check abnormal signal corresponding to the test environment if the temperature and humidity check coefficient HY exceeds the preset temperature and humidity check coefficient threshold value;
If the temperature and humidity check coefficient HY does not exceed the preset temperature and humidity check coefficient threshold, obtaining a vibration and magnetic interference coefficient corresponding to the test environment through vibration and magnetic interference analysis, specifically: collecting vibration frequency amplitude data and electromagnetic intensity data corresponding to corresponding moments in a test environment, wherein the vibration frequency amplitude data are data magnitude values representing sum values of vibration amplitude and vibration frequency in the corresponding test environment; the electromagnetic intensity data is a data magnitude value representing the intensity of electromagnetic waves in the corresponding test environment; respectively comparing the vibration frequency amplitude data and the electromagnetic intensity data with a preset vibration frequency amplitude data range and a preset electromagnetic intensity data range in numerical value, and judging that the test environment is in a vibration magnetic reasonable state at the corresponding moment if the vibration frequency amplitude data and the electromagnetic intensity data are in the corresponding preset range; otherwise, judging that the testing environment at the corresponding moment is in a state of unreasonable vibration magnetism;
Calculating the difference value between the average vibration frequency amplitude value in the test environment corresponding to the detection period and the median value of the preset vibration frequency amplitude data range and taking the absolute value to obtain a vibration analysis value, and calculating the difference value between the average electromagnetic intensity value in the test environment corresponding to the detection period and the median value of the preset electromagnetic intensity data range and taking the absolute value to obtain an electromagnetic analysis value; it should be noted that, the larger the values of the vibration analysis value and the electromagnetic analysis value are, the worse the environment performance condition of the corresponding simulated test environment is indicated; marking the time length of the detection period corresponding to the test environment in the vibration magnetic disqualification state as a vibration magnetic unreasonable duration value;
Normalizing and calculating a vibrating magnetic unreasonable duration value ZW, a vibration analysis value ZQ and an electromagnetic analysis value ZG through a formula ZF=sg1 xZW+sg2 xZQ+sg3 xZG to obtain a vibrating magnetic interference coefficient ZF; wherein, sg1, sg2 and sg3 are preset weight coefficients, and sg3 is more than sg1 and more than sg2 is more than 0; and the larger the value of the vibration magnetic interference coefficient ZF is, the worse the environment performance condition of the corresponding simulated test environment is indicated; comparing the vibration magnetic interference coefficient ZF with a preset vibration magnetic interference coefficient threshold value in a numerical value, and if the vibration magnetic interference coefficient ZF exceeds the preset vibration magnetic interference coefficient threshold value, indicating that the simulated environment performance condition of the corresponding test environment is poor, generating a ring-testing verification abnormal signal of the corresponding test environment; if the vibration magnetic interference coefficient ZF does not exceed the preset vibration magnetic interference coefficient threshold value, the simulated environment performance condition of the corresponding test environment is good, and then a test loop checking normal signal of the corresponding test environment is generated.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: when the surface scanning detection method is used, the surface scanning detection is carried out on the PCBA through the surface scanning judgment module, the surface condition of the PCBA is judged through analysis, so that a surface detection qualified signal or a surface detection unqualified signal of the PCBA is generated, the inaccuracy of a subsequent performance test result caused by the surface abnormality of the PCBA is avoided, and the accuracy and the stable performance of the subsequent performance test result are effectively ensured; and a plurality of test environments of the PCBA are simulated through the test environment simulation module, so that the performance of the PCBA under different conditions is comprehensively evaluated, the stability and the reliability of the PCBA in actual use can be ensured, the PCBA is subjected to performance test operation under different test environments through the performance test evaluation module, the running performance condition of the PCBA under different environments is judged, and the performance evaluation qualified signals or the performance evaluation unqualified signals of the PCBA are generated through analysis, so that the comprehensive evaluation of the performance of the PCBA is realized, the overall performance condition of the PCBA can be mastered in detail, and the test automation and the intelligent degree are high.
The above formulas are all formulas with dimensions removed and numerical values calculated, the formulas are formulas with a large amount of data collected for software simulation to obtain the latest real situation, and preset parameters in the formulas are set by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation. The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended only to assist in the explanation of the invention. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and the full scope and equivalents thereof.
Claims (4)
1. PCBA performance automatic test system based on thing networking, its characterized in that includes thing allies oneself with
Network platform, surface scanning judging module, test environment simulation module, simulation reliability verification module and performance
The test evaluation module and the test early warning module; the surface scanning judgment module performs surface scanning detection on the PCBA
Measuring, analyzing to judge the surface condition of the PCBA, and generating a surface detection qualified signal of the PCBA
Or the surface detection disqualification signal is sent to the test and early warning through the internet of things platform
The module is used for sending the surface detection qualified signals to the test environment simulation module through the Internet of things platform;
After receiving the surface detection qualified signals, the test environment simulation module simulates a plurality of PCBA tests
A test environment, wherein the test environment comprises a high temperature environment, a low temperature environment, a high humidity environment, a vibration environment and electricity
A magnetic environment; the simulated reliability verification module verifies the simulated test environment to judge the corresponding test
Whether the test environment meets the corresponding performance test requirement or not, so as to generate a test loop check normal signal or test loop check
The abnormal signal is sent to the test early warning module through the internet of things platform and is measured
The loop checking normal signal is sent to a performance test evaluation module;
The performance test evaluation module performs performance test operation on the PCBA under different test environments based on different conditions
Analysis of relevant test data collected in the environment to produce a PCBA that is acceptable for performance evaluation
The signal or the performance evaluation disqualification signal is sent to the test through the internet of things platform
An early warning module; the test early warning module receives the surface detection unqualified signal, the ring detection abnormal signal or the performance
When the unqualified signals can be evaluated, the corresponding signals are displayed and early warning is sent out;
The specific operation process of the surface scanning judging module comprises the following steps:
Identifying cracks existing in the PCBA by carrying out defect scanning on the PCBA, and generating a surface detection failure signal of the PCBA if the number of the cracks existing in the PCBA exceeds a preset crack number threshold; if PCBA
If the number of the existing cracks does not exceed the preset crack number threshold value, the average depth and average depth of the corresponding cracks
Respectively comparing the length and the average width with a preset average depth threshold value, a preset average length threshold value and a preset average width threshold value, if the average depth, the average length or the average width of the corresponding cracks exceeds the corresponding preset threshold value
Setting a threshold value, and marking the corresponding crack as a high-risk crack; if the PCBA has high-risk cracks, generating the PCBA
A surface detection failure signal of (2);
If no high-risk cracks exist in the PCBA, acquiring a surface image by carrying out surface scanning on the PCBA
Marking the image as an actual image, calling an original image corresponding to the PCBA from the internet platform, and taking the actual image
Overlapping the image with the original image to obtain surface consistency data of the PCBA; if the surface consistency data is not exceeded
If the surface consistency data threshold value is exceeded, generating a surface detection failure signal of the PCBA; if the surfaces are consistent
If the consistency data exceeds a preset surface consistency data threshold value, performing segmentation block correction analysis;
the specific analysis process of the segmentation and calibration analysis is as follows:
gray processing is carried out on the actual image and the original image of the PCBA, and the processed actual image and the processed original image are processed
The image is enlarged, the enlarged actual image is divided into a plurality of image blocks and marked as target image blocks,
Each block comprises a plurality of pixel grids; the original image is divided in the same way to obtain a plurality of standard images
The target image blocks are in one-to-one correspondence with the standard image blocks; collecting gray scale of target block and corresponding standard block
Data, carrying out difference calculation on the gray data of the data to obtain a gray difference value; if the gray level difference exceeds the preset value
Setting a gray level analysis threshold value, and marking the corresponding target image block as a color deviation image block;
obtaining the number of the pigment bias blocks in the PCBA and marking the pigment bias blocks as pigment bias detection values, and obtaining the PCBA
The maximum number of adjacent links of the middle color bias block is marked as the color bias adjacent value, if the color bias detection value or the color bias
If the partial adjacent value exceeds the corresponding preset threshold value, generating a surface detection failure signal of the PCBA; if the color deviation is detected
If the value and the color deviation adjacent value do not exceed the corresponding preset threshold values, generating a surface detection qualified signal of the PCBA;
the specific operation process of the simulation reliability verification module comprises the following steps:
collecting deviation value of average temperature data of corresponding test environment compared with preset average temperature standard value
And marks it as temperature deviation data, and detects the highest temperature value and the lowest temperature in the period test environment
Calculating the difference value to obtain temperature amplitude data; acquiring humidity deviation data and humidity amplitude data in the same way, and carrying out numerical values on the temperature deviation data, the temperature amplitude data, the humidity deviation data and the humidity amplitude data
Calculating to obtain a temperature and humidity check coefficient; if the temperature and humidity check coefficient exceeds the preset temperature and humidity check coefficient threshold value, generating
Checking abnormal signals corresponding to the testing ring of the testing environment;
if the temperature and humidity check coefficient does not exceed the preset temperature and humidity check coefficient threshold value, obtaining the temperature and humidity check coefficient through vibration and magnetic interference analysis
To the vibration magnetic interference coefficient corresponding to the test environment, if the vibration magnetic interference coefficient exceeds the preset vibration magnetic interference coefficient threshold value,
Generating a test loop checking abnormal signal corresponding to the test environment; if the vibration magnetic interference coefficient does not exceed the preset vibration magnetic stem
A disturbance coefficient threshold value, a testing loop checking normal signal corresponding to the testing environment is generated;
the specific analysis process of the vibration magnetic interference analysis is as follows:
collecting vibration frequency amplitude data and electromagnetic intensity data corresponding to corresponding time in a test environment, if vibration
The frequency amplitude data and the electromagnetic intensity data are in the corresponding preset range, and the test environment at the corresponding moment is judged
In a vibration magnetic reasonable state; otherwise, judging that the testing environment at the corresponding moment is in a state of unreasonable vibration magnetism;
The average vibration frequency amplitude value in the test environment corresponding to the detection period and the data range of the preset vibration frequency amplitude value
Calculating the difference value of the median value, taking the absolute value to obtain a vibration analysis value, and correspondingly detecting the period of time in a test environment
Calculating the difference between the average electromagnetic intensity value of (2) and the median value of the preset electromagnetic intensity data range, and taking the absolute value to obtain
Obtaining an electromagnetic analysis value; marking the time length of the test environment in the vibration magnetic disqualification state corresponding to the detection time period as
The non-reasonable time holding value of the vibration magnet, the vibration analysis value and the electromagnetic analysis value are normalized
And (5) performing chemical calculation to obtain a vibration magnetic interference coefficient.
2. The PCBA performance automatic test system based on the Internet of things as recited in claim 1,
The performance test evaluation module is characterized in that the specific operation process of the performance test evaluation module comprises the following steps:
the actual voltage fluctuation curve and the actual current of the PCBA under the corresponding test environments are obtained through the test
The fluctuation curve is used for calling a standard voltage fluctuation curve and a standard power under a corresponding test environment from an internet of things platform
A current fluctuation curve, wherein the actual voltage fluctuation curve and the standard voltage fluctuation curve are arranged in a straight line positioned in the first quadrant
In the angular coordinate system, the starting points of the actual voltage fluctuation curve and the standard voltage fluctuation curve are connected through line segments, the ending points of the actual voltage fluctuation curve and the standard voltage fluctuation curve are connected through line segments, and the actual voltage wave is obtained
The area of the intersection region formed by the dynamic curve and the standard voltage fluctuation curve is marked as a voltage intersection value, and the same is true
Acquiring a current intersection value;
if the voltage crossing value or the current crossing value exceeds the corresponding preset threshold value, judging that the PCBA is in the corresponding test ring
If the power performance is abnormal, generating a performance evaluation disqualification signal of the PCBA;
if no power abnormality occurs in all the test environments, acquiring faults of the PCBA under all the test environments
Rate data, comparing the failure rate data with a preset failure rate data threshold value corresponding to the test environment,
If the fault rate data exceeds the corresponding preset fault rate data threshold value, judging that the PCBA is in the corresponding test environment
If the fault performance is abnormal, generating a performance evaluation disqualification signal of the PCBA.
3. The PCBA performance automatic test system based on the Internet of things as recited in claim 2,
The method is characterized in that if no fault appears in all test environments, PCBA is collected at high temperature
Temperature stability data of environment, low-temperature environment and high-humidity environment, and the temperature stability data and corresponding test
Comparing the values of the preset temperature stability data threshold values of the environment, and if the temperature stability data exceeds the preset temperature
Judging that the temperature of the PCBA is abnormal in the corresponding test environment if the temperature is abnormal due to the stability data threshold value
And if the performance is abnormal, generating a performance evaluation disqualification signal of the PCBA.
4. The PCBA performance automatic test system based on the Internet of things as recited in claim 3,
Characterized in that if no abnormal temperature performance occurs in the high temperature environment, the low temperature environment and the high humidity environment
Collecting response time length data of PCBA in high-temperature environment and low-temperature environment and marking the response time length data as high Wen Xiang time values respectively
And low temperature response value, and collect insulation resistance value of PCBA in high humidity environment, and collect PCBA in high humidity environment
Vibration magnitude data of a vibration environment and electromagnetic compatibility data in an electromagnetic environment;
High Wen Xiang time value, low temperature sound value, insulation resistance value, vibration magnitude data and electromagnetic compatibility number
Obtaining a normalized coefficient of the property measurement according to the normalization calculation, and normalizing the property measurement if the normalized coefficient of the property measurement exceeds a preset property measurement normalization
A PCBA performance evaluation disqualification signal is generated by the chemical coefficient threshold; and if the performance measurement normalization coefficient does not exceed the preset performance measurement normalization coefficient threshold value, generating a performance evaluation qualified signal of the PCBA.
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