CN117268798B - Driving gesture determining method and medium for reducing head and neck injuries of automobile collision dummy - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a driving posture determination method and medium for reducing head and neck injuries of automobile collision dummies, and relates to the technical field of automobile safety collision test dummies. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining at least three initial backrest angles; inputting the initial backrest angles into a finite element simulation model in sequence, and calculating the corresponding initial evaluation index; constructing a quadratic function according to the initial evaluation index and the initial backrest angle; calculating the fourth backrest angle and the corresponding fourth head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index according to the quadratic function and the initial backrest angle; when it is determined that the first backrest angle and the third backrest angle meet the preset conditions, the current fourth backrest angle is determined to be the optimal backrest angle; the optimal backrest angle is the optimal driving posture corresponding to the lightest head and neck injury of the automobile collision dummy; and providing a theoretical basis for guiding the driving posture standardization of passengers.

Description

Driving posture determination method and medium for reducing head and neck injuries of automobile collision dummies

Technical Field

The invention generally relates to the technical field of automobile safety collision test dummies, and in particular to a driving posture determination method and a medium for reducing head and neck injuries of automobile collision dummies.

Background technique

With the rapid development of social economy and the steady improvement of manufacturing level, the number of cars in my country is also growing continuously, and the traffic safety problems brought about by it are becoming increasingly serious. Studies have shown that frontal car collision accidents are one of the most common types of traffic accidents. During a frontal car collision, restraint systems such as airbags generally protect the occupants. However, before the collision, if the distance between the occupant and the steering wheel is close, the head is likely to contact the airbag during the rapid inflation stage, which will aggravate the occupant's head injury. Therefore, it is very important to explore the relationship between the occupant's driving posture and the occupant's head and neck injuries.

At present, most studies focus on exploring the injuries of occupants under several specific driving postures. However, in actual scenarios, the driving posture of the human body is complex and changeable. It is difficult to provide the best driving posture guidance scheme by only studying the injuries under several specific postures. Therefore, we propose a driving posture determination method and medium to reduce the head and neck injuries of automobile collision dummies to solve the above problems.

Summary of the invention

In view of the above defects or deficiencies in the prior art, it is desired to provide a driving posture determination method and medium that provides a theoretical basis for guiding the driving posture standard of the occupants and can also improve the level of automobile human-machine space layout to reduce the head and neck injuries of the automobile collision dummy.

In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for determining a driving posture to reduce head and neck injuries of a vehicle collision dummy, comprising the following steps:

Obtain at least three initial backrest angles;

Inputting the initial backrest angles into the finite element simulation model in sequence, and calculating the corresponding initial evaluation indexes;

Constructing a quadratic function according to the initial evaluation index and the initial backrest angle;

According to the quadratic function and the initial backrest angle, a fourth backrest angle and a corresponding fourth head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index are calculated;

When it is determined that the first backrest angle and the third backrest angle meet the preset conditions, the current fourth backrest angle is determined to be the optimal backrest angle; the optimal backrest angle is the optimal driving posture corresponding to the lightest head and neck injury of the car collision dummy.

According to the technical solution provided by the present invention, the three initial backrest angles are respectively the first backrest angle, the second backrest angle and the third backrest angle, and the corresponding initial evaluation indicators are respectively the first head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation indicator, the second head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation indicator and the third head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation indicator;

Wherein, according to the quadratic function and the initial backrest angle, a fourth backrest angle and a corresponding fourth head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index are calculated; specifically comprising the following steps:

When it is determined that the determination factor of the opening direction of the quadratic function is greater than 0, calculating the minimum value point of the quadratic function;

Calculating a fourth backrest angle according to the relationship between the minimum point and the first backrest angle and the third backrest angle;

The fourth backrest angle is input into the finite element simulation model to calculate and obtain a fourth head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index.

According to the technical solution provided by the present invention, before determining that the determination factor of the opening direction of the quadratic function is greater than 0, the following steps are also included:

When the determination factor of the opening direction of the quadratic function is less than or equal to 0, a fifth backrest angle is calculated based on the relationship between the second backrest angle and the first backrest angle and the third backrest angle;

The second backrest angle is replaced by the fifth backrest angle, and at the same time, the corresponding head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index is calculated, and the quadratic function is updated;

When it is determined that the determination factor of the opening direction of the updated quadratic function is less than or equal to 0, the first backrest angle and the third backrest angle are used as interval endpoints, the interval endpoint value is updated using the golden section method, the backrest angle corresponding to the segmentation point retained in the updated interval is used as the new second backrest angle, and the corresponding new second head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index is obtained;

The minimum index value among the comprehensive head and neck injury evaluation index corresponding to the updated first backrest angle, the comprehensive head and neck injury evaluation index corresponding to the updated third backrest angle, and the comprehensive head and neck injury evaluation index corresponding to the new second backrest angle is selected as the fourth comprehensive head and neck injury evaluation index, and the corresponding backrest angle is used as the fourth backrest angle.

According to the technical solution provided by the present invention, after calculating the fourth head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index and before judging whether the first backrest angle and the third backrest angle meet the preset conditions, the following steps are also included:

When the second head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index is greater than the fourth head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index and the fourth backrest angle is less than the second backrest angle, the third backrest angle and the third head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index are replaced with the second backrest angle and the second head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index, the second backrest angle and the second head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index are replaced with the fourth backrest angle and the fourth head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index, and the quadratic function is updated;

When the second head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index is greater than the fourth head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index and the fourth backrest angle is greater than the second backrest angle, the first backrest angle and the first head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index are replaced with the second backrest angle and the second head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index, the second backrest angle and the second head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index are replaced with the fourth backrest angle and the fourth head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index, and the quadratic function is updated;

When the second head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index is less than or equal to the fourth head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index and the fourth backrest angle is not equal to the second backrest angle, the opposite of the current determination factor is used as a new determination factor, and the relationship between the new determination factor and 0 is re-judged;

When the second head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index is equal to the fourth head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index and the fourth backrest angle is equal to the second backrest angle, the target accuracy is calculated based on the first backrest angle and the third backrest angle; when the target accuracy is greater than the preset accuracy value, the opposite of the current determination factor is used as the new determination factor, and the relationship between the new determination factor and 0 is re-judged; the target accuracy is the absolute value of the difference between the first backrest angle and the third backrest angle.

According to the technical solution provided by the present invention, when it is determined that the first backrest angle and the third backrest angle meet the preset conditions, the current fourth backrest angle is determined to be the optimal backrest angle; specifically, the following steps are included:

Obtaining a target accuracy according to the first backrest angle and the third backrest angle;

When the target accuracy is greater than the preset accuracy value, the determination factor is recalculated according to the updated first backrest angle, the second backrest angle, the third backrest angle and the corresponding head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index, and the relationship between the determination factor and 0 is determined again;

When the target accuracy is less than or equal to the preset accuracy value, it is determined that the current fourth backrest angle is the optimal backrest angle.

According to the technical solution provided by the present invention, the initial backrest angle is sequentially input into the finite element simulation model to calculate the corresponding initial evaluation index, which specifically includes the following steps:

Inputting the initial backrest angles into the finite element simulation model in sequence;

Carrying out collision analysis of the finite element simulation model at an initial speed, extracting corresponding head injury index, cumulative 3ms synthetic acceleration value and neck injury index; the initial speed is the speed of the vehicle when the collision occurs;

The corresponding initial evaluation index is calculated according to the head injury index, the accumulated 3 ms synthetic acceleration value and the neck injury index.

According to the technical solution provided by the present invention, the initial evaluation index is calculated according to the following formula:

;

in, is the comprehensive head and neck injury evaluation index, d is the number of comprehensive head and neck injury evaluation indexes, is an indicator of head injury,/> To accumulate 3ms synthetic acceleration value, /> It is an indicator of neck injury,/> 、/> and/> They are the weight coefficients of head injury index, cumulative 3ms synthetic acceleration value, and neck injury index respectively.

According to the technical solution provided by the present invention, the determination factor is calculated according to the following formula:

;

Among them, A is the determining factor, is the first backrest angle, /> is the second backrest angle, /> It is the third backrest angle.

According to the technical solution provided by the present invention, if the determination factor A is greater than 0, the minimum point of the quadratic function is calculated according to the following formula:

;

in, is the minimum point of the quadratic function.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of a method for determining a driving posture for reducing head and neck injuries of a car collision dummy as described above.

In summary, the present invention discloses a specific process of a driving posture determination method for reducing head and neck injuries of automobile collision dummies. The present invention obtains at least three initial backrest angles, inputs the initial backrest angles into the finite element simulation model in sequence, and calculates the corresponding initial evaluation index; constructs a quadratic function based on the initial evaluation index and the initial backrest angle, and calculates the fourth backrest angle and the corresponding fourth head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index based on the quadratic function and the initial backrest angle; when it is determined that the first backrest angle and the third backrest angle meet the preset conditions, the current fourth backrest angle is determined to be the optimal backrest angle; wherein the optimal backrest angle is the optimal driving posture corresponding to the lightest head and neck injury of the automobile collision dummy.

The present invention obtains corresponding evaluation indicators through the backrest angles corresponding to different driving postures, so that the comprehensive injury of the dummy's head and neck can be quantified, and based on the evaluation indicators, analysis is performed in a finite element simulation model, and finally the backrest angle corresponding to the driving posture with the mildest head and neck injury is obtained, thereby providing a certain theoretical basis for guiding the actual driving posture standards of the vehicle occupants, and at the same time, it can also improve the level of automobile human-machine space layout.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Other features, objectives and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from a reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for determining a driving posture to reduce head and neck injuries of a vehicle collision dummy.

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the finite element simulation model.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the airbag in a deployed state.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the seat back rotation axis when the driving posture changes.

FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the torso rotation axis of the finite element dummy when the driving posture changes.

FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a flow chart for calculating the initial evaluation index.

FIG. 7 is a flow chart showing a case where the determination factor of the opening direction of the quadratic function is greater than 0. FIG.

FIG. 8 is a flow chart showing a case where the determination factor of the opening direction of the quadratic function is less than or equal to 0. FIG.

Numbers in the figure: 1. Finite element dummy; 2. Instrument panel; 3. Pedal; 4. Footrest; 5. Airbag; 6. Steering wheel; 7. Steering column; 8. Safety belt; 9. Seat.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the relevant inventions, rather than to limit the current invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts related to the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings.

It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

Example 1

Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a flow chart of a first embodiment of a method for determining a driving posture to reduce head and neck injuries of a vehicle collision dummy provided by the present invention, comprising the following steps:

S10, obtaining at least three initial backrest angles;

The three initial backrest angles are: a first backrest angle, a second backrest angle and a third backrest angle, and the first backrest angle < the second backrest angle < the third backrest angle;

The backrest angle refers to the angle between the seat back and the horizontal plane on the side where the seat cushion is located. The angle is also the angle between the upper torso of the finite element dummy 1 and the horizontal plane where the seat cushion is located.

The initial backrest angle may be randomly selected by a person skilled in the art; it should be noted that one backrest angle corresponds to one driving posture.

S20, inputting the initial backrest angles into the finite element simulation model in sequence, and calculating the corresponding initial evaluation index;

Among them, the initial evaluation indicators are the first head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index, the second head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index and the third head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index corresponding to the first backrest angle, the second backrest angle and the third backrest angle respectively;

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2 , the finite element simulation model includes: a finite element dummy 1 , a dashboard-like instrument panel 2 , pedals 3 , a footrest 4 , a steering wheel 6 with an airbag 5 disposed therein, a steering column 7 , a safety belt 8 , and a seat 9 .

Here, the type of the finite element dummy 1 is, for example, a Hybrid III 50 percentile dummy. When the finite element simulation model simulates a collision, as shown in FIG3 , the airbag 5 will be in a deployed state, which provides a certain degree of protection for the finite element dummy 1. Among them, M in FIG4 represents the intersection line of the backrest and the seat cushion. B in FIG5 represents the straight line where the H point of the finite element dummy 1 is located; C in FIG5 represents the upper torso assembly of the finite element dummy 1, including the head assembly, the neck assembly, the chest assembly, and the lumbar assembly.

In addition, the finite element simulation model has the same basic parameters as the corresponding parts of the vehicle, such as materials and properties, and gravity acceleration is applied to the model. A vehicle acceleration curve during the collision is established and reversely loaded onto the finite element dummy 1.

Further, as shown in FIG6 , the initial backrest angles are sequentially input into the finite element simulation model to calculate the corresponding initial evaluation index, which specifically includes the following steps:

S201, inputting the initial backrest angles into the finite element simulation model in sequence;

S202, performing collision analysis of the finite element simulation model at an initial speed, extracting corresponding head injury index, cumulative 3ms synthetic acceleration value and neck injury index; the initial speed is the speed of the vehicle when the collision occurs;

Among them, when conducting collision analysis of the finite element simulation model at the initial speed, Lsdyna software can be used for collision analysis.

S203, calculating and obtaining a corresponding initial evaluation index according to the head injury index, the accumulated 3 ms synthetic acceleration value and the neck injury index.

Through the above steps, the corresponding first head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index, second head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index and third head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index can be obtained.

Among them, the initial evaluation index is calculated according to the following formula:

;

in, is the comprehensive head and neck injury evaluation index, d is the number of comprehensive head and neck injury evaluation indexes, is an indicator of head injury,/> To accumulate 3ms synthetic acceleration value, /> It is an indicator of neck injury,/> 、/> and/> are the weight coefficients of head injury index, cumulative 3ms synthetic acceleration value, and neck injury index respectively; here, /> , .

S30, constructing a quadratic function according to the initial evaluation index and the initial backrest angle;

The above-mentioned quadratic function refers to a quadratic function with the backrest angle as the independent variable and the comprehensive head and neck injury evaluation index as the dependent variable.

S40, calculating a fourth backrest angle and a corresponding fourth head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index according to the quadratic function and the initial backrest angle;

Specifically, as shown in FIG7 , according to the quadratic function and the initial backrest angle, the fourth backrest angle and the corresponding fourth head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index are calculated; specifically, the following steps are included:

S4011. When it is determined that the determination factor of the opening direction of the quadratic function is greater than 0, the minimum point of the quadratic function is calculated;

Specifically, the determination factor of the opening direction of the quadratic function is calculated according to the following formula:

;

Among them, A is the determining factor, is the first backrest angle, /> is the second backrest angle, /> It is the third backrest angle.

Furthermore, when the determination factor of the opening direction of the quadratic function is determined to be greater than 0, the minimum point of the quadratic function is calculated according to the following formula:

;

in, is the minimum point of the quadratic function.

S4012, calculating a fourth backrest angle according to the relationship between the minimum point and the first backrest angle and the third backrest angle;

Specifically, the fourth backrest angle is calculated according to the following formula:

;

in, is the fourth backrest angle, /> is a constant.

Specifically, when the minimum value point is greater than the first backrest angle and less than the third backrest angle, that is, the minimum value point is within the interval range of the initial backrest angle, then , accordingly, the fourth backrest angle/> ;

When the minimum point is greater than or equal to the third backrest angle, that is, the minimum point is on the right side of the interval range of the initial backrest angle, then , accordingly,/> ;

When the minimum point is less than or equal to the first backrest angle, that is, the minimum point is on the left side of the interval range of the initial backrest angle, then , accordingly,/> .

S4013, inputting the fourth backrest angle into the finite element simulation model to calculate and obtain a fourth head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index;

Among them, the calculation method of the fourth comprehensive head and neck injury evaluation index is consistent with the aforementioned initial evaluation index, which will not be repeated here.

Furthermore, after calculating the fourth head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index and before judging whether the first backrest angle and the third backrest angle meet the preset conditions, the following steps are also included:

(1) When the second head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index is greater than the fourth head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index and the fourth backrest angle is less than the second backrest angle, the third backrest angle and the third head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index are replaced with the second backrest angle and the second head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index, and the second backrest angle and the second head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index are replaced with the fourth backrest angle and the fourth head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index, and the quadratic function is updated;

After the quadratic function is updated according to the above steps, step S4011 is executed.

(2) When the second head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index is greater than the fourth head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index and the fourth backrest angle is greater than the second backrest angle, the first backrest angle and the first head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index are replaced with the second backrest angle and the second head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index, and the second backrest angle and the second head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index are replaced with the fourth backrest angle and the fourth head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index, and the quadratic function is updated;

After the quadratic function is updated according to the above steps, step S4011 is executed.

(3) When the second head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index is less than or equal to the fourth head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index and the fourth backrest angle is not equal to the second backrest angle, the opposite of the current determination factor is used as the new determination factor, and the relationship between the new determination factor and 0 is re-judged.

Execute corresponding steps according to the relationship between the new determination factor obtained by re-judgment and 0.

(4) When the second head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index is equal to the fourth head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index and the fourth backrest angle is equal to the second backrest angle, the target accuracy is calculated based on the first backrest angle and the third backrest angle; when the target accuracy is greater than the preset accuracy value, the opposite of the current determination factor is used as the new determination factor, and the relationship between the new determination factor and 0 is re-judged, and the corresponding steps are executed based on the relationship between the re-judged new determination factor and 0; the target accuracy is the absolute value of the difference between the first backrest angle and the third backrest angle.

In addition, as shown in FIG8 , before determining whether the determination factor of the opening direction of the quadratic function is greater than 0, the following steps are also included:

S4021. When the determination factor of the opening direction of the quadratic function is less than or equal to 0, a fifth backrest angle is calculated based on the relationship between the second backrest angle and the first backrest angle and the third backrest angle;

Specifically, when the determination factor of the opening direction of the quadratic function is less than or equal to 0:

If the second backrest angle is not the midpoint of the driving posture change range, that is , then the fifth backrest angle is the interval symmetric point of the second backrest angle in the driving posture change interval of the quadratic function, that is, /> ;

If the second backrest angle is the midpoint of the driving posture change range, that is , then the fifth backrest angle is the dividing point at one quarter of the driving posture change range of the quadratic function, that is, /> .

S4022, replacing the second backrest angle with the fifth backrest angle, and at the same time, calculating the corresponding head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index, and updating the quadratic function;

Among them, the calculation method of the above-mentioned head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index is consistent with the calculation method of the initial evaluation index, which will not be repeated here.

S4023. When it is determined that the determination factor of the opening direction of the updated quadratic function is less than or equal to 0, the first backrest angle and the third backrest angle are used as the interval endpoints, and the interval endpoint values are updated using the golden section method, and the backrest angle corresponding to the segmentation point retained in the updated interval is used as the new second backrest angle, and the corresponding new second head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index is obtained;

S4024. Filter the minimum index value among the comprehensive head and neck injury evaluation index corresponding to the updated first backrest angle, the comprehensive head and neck injury evaluation index corresponding to the updated third backrest angle, and the comprehensive head and neck injury evaluation index corresponding to the new second backrest angle as the fourth comprehensive head and neck injury evaluation index, and use the corresponding backrest angle as the fourth backrest angle.

Based on the above steps, the quadratic function is updated again using the updated first backrest angle, the updated third backrest angle and the new second backrest angle, and the size of the determination factor of the opening direction of the quadratic function is determined. If the determination factor is greater than 0, step S4011 is continued; if the determination factor is less than or equal to 0, step S4021 is continued; the above steps are repeated until the first backrest angle and the third backrest angle finally obtained meet the preset conditions, then the current fourth backrest angle is determined to be the optimal backrest angle, that is, the optimal driving posture.

S50. When it is determined that the first backrest angle and the third backrest angle meet the preset conditions, the current fourth backrest angle is determined to be the optimal backrest angle; the optimal backrest angle is the best driving posture corresponding to the lightest head and neck injury of the car collision dummy.

Specifically, when it is determined that the first backrest angle and the third backrest angle meet the preset conditions, the current fourth backrest angle is determined to be the optimal backrest angle; specifically, the following steps are included:

According to the first backrest angle and the third backrest angle, the target accuracy is obtained;

When the target accuracy is greater than the preset accuracy value, the determination factor is recalculated according to the updated first backrest angle, the updated second backrest angle, the updated third backrest angle and the corresponding head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index, and the relationship between the determination factor and 0 is determined again;

Wherein, corresponding steps are executed according to the relationship between the determination factor and 0 obtained by the second determination.

When the target accuracy is less than or equal to the preset accuracy value, it is determined that the current fourth backrest angle is the optimal backrest angle.

Among them, the target accuracy is calculated according to the following formula:

Right now ; Among them, /> The preset precision value.

The traditional way to explore the driving posture of the occupants and the injuries of the head and neck of the occupants is to explore the injuries of the occupants under several specific driving postures. However, the driving posture in the actual scene is more complex and changeable, and it is difficult to give direct and accurate guidance on the actual driving and occupant injuries. However, the present invention uses the initial backrest angle randomly selected by the technicians in this field to perform collision analysis in the finite element simulation model, and calculates the corresponding initial evaluation index, and then constructs a quadratic function based on these initial evaluation indexes and the initial backrest angle, obtains the determining factor of the opening direction of the quadratic function, and performs the corresponding judgment and update steps, repeats the cycle iteration until the absolute value of the difference between the final first backrest angle and the third backrest angle is less than the preset accuracy value, then the corresponding fourth backrest angle is the optimal backrest angle, and the actual vehicle can adjust the angle between the backrest and the seat cushion according to the optimal backrest angle, and then when the vehicle is running again, it can ensure that the comprehensive injury of the dummy's head and neck is minimized; the present invention can provide a certain theoretical basis for guiding the driving posture specification of the actual occupants of the vehicle, and can also improve the level of automobile human-machine space layout.

Taking the Hybrid III 50th finite element dummy as an example, a corresponding finite element simulation model is built, and the model is given the same basic parameters such as materials and properties as the components of the corresponding vehicle, and constraints, contacts and other information are constructed. At the same time, gravity acceleration is applied to the model, and the vehicle acceleration curve during the collision is established, which is then reversely loaded onto the Hybrid III50th finite element dummy.

First, the initial velocity , initial backrest angle/> 、/> and/> , preset precision value/> The finite element simulation model is input into the finite element simulation model; then, the finite element simulation model adjusts the angles of the backrest and the upper torso set C of the dummy in Figure 5 and the horizontal plane on the side where the seat cushion is located one by one according to the initial backrest angle, and simulates the collision at the initial speed, and calculates the corresponding initial evaluation index; in the calculation of the initial evaluation index, the weight coefficients of each head injury index, the cumulative 3ms synthetic acceleration and the neck injury index are all/> .

Accordingly, according to the aforementioned initial evaluation index and the initial backrest angle, a quadratic function is constructed, and the determination factor of its opening direction is calculated; then, the above judgment and update steps are executed, and the iteration is repeated until the absolute value of the difference between the final first backrest angle and the third backrest angle is less than 3°, then the corresponding fourth backrest angle is the optimal backrest angle, that is, the vehicle adjusts the angle between the seat back and the horizontal plane on the side where the seat cushion is located, as well as the angle between the dummy's upper torso set C and the horizontal plane on the side where the seat cushion is located according to the optimal backrest angle. Then, when the vehicle is running again, it can ensure that the comprehensive injury to the dummy's head and neck is minimized, which provides a certain theoretical basis for guiding the actual driving posture specifications of the vehicle occupants, and can also improve the level of human-machine space layout of the vehicle.

Example 2

The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which may be included in the electronic device described in the above embodiment; or may exist independently without being assembled into the electronic device. The above computer-readable storage medium carries one or more programs, and when the above one or more programs are executed by an electronic device, the electronic device implements a driving posture determination method for reducing head and neck injuries of a car collision dummy as described in the above embodiment.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and an explanation of the technical principles used. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in the present invention is not limited to the technical solution formed by a specific combination of the above technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by any combination of the above technical features or their equivalent features without departing from the inventive concept. For example, the above features are replaced with the technical features with similar functions disclosed in the present invention (but not limited to) to form a technical solution.

Claims (8)

1. A driving gesture determining method for reducing head and neck injuries of a false automobile collision person is characterized by comprising the following steps:

acquiring at least three initial backrest angles; the three initial backrest angles are respectively a first backrest angle, a second backrest angle and a third backrest angle, and the corresponding initial evaluation indexes are respectively a first head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index, a second head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index and a third head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index; the first backrest angle < the second backrest angle < the third backrest angle;

sequentially inputting the initial backrest included angles into a finite element simulation model, and calculating to obtain corresponding initial evaluation indexes;

constructing a quadratic function according to the initial evaluation index and the initial backrest included angle; the quadratic function is a quadratic function taking the included angle of the backrest as an independent variable and the comprehensive damage evaluation index of the head and neck as a dependent variable;

calculating a fourth backrest included angle and a corresponding fourth head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index according to the quadratic function and the initial backrest included angle;

when the first backrest included angle and the third backrest included angle are judged to be in accordance with preset conditions, the current fourth backrest included angle is judged to be the optimal backrest included angle; the optimal backrest included angle is the optimal driving posture corresponding to the head and neck of the automobile collision dummy with the least damage;

the initial backrest included angle is sequentially input into a finite element simulation model, and a corresponding initial evaluation index is obtained through calculation, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:

sequentially inputting the initial backrest included angle into the finite element simulation model;

performing collision analysis of the finite element simulation model at an initial speed, and extracting to obtain corresponding head injury indexes, accumulated 3ms synthesized acceleration values and neck injury indexes; the initial speed is the speed of the vehicle when the vehicle collides;

calculating to obtain a corresponding initial evaluation index according to the head injury index, the accumulated 3ms synthesized acceleration value and the neck injury index;

according to the quadratic function and the initial backrest included angle, calculating to obtain a fourth backrest included angle and a corresponding fourth head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index; the method specifically comprises the following steps:

when judging that the determining factor of the opening direction of the quadratic function is larger than 0, calculating the minimum value point of the quadratic function;

calculating a fourth backrest included angle according to the relation between the minimum value point and the first backrest included angle and the third backrest included angle;

and inputting the fourth backrest included angle into the finite element simulation model, and calculating to obtain a fourth head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index.

2. The driving posture determining method for reducing head and neck injuries of a vehicle collision dummy according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of, before determining that the determination factor of the opening direction of the quadratic function is greater than 0:

when the determining factor of the opening direction of the quadratic function is smaller than or equal to 0, calculating a fifth backrest included angle according to the relation between the second backrest included angle and the first and third backrest included angles;

replacing the second backrest included angle with the fifth backrest included angle, simultaneously calculating a corresponding head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index, and updating the quadratic function;

when the determining factor of the opening direction of the updated quadratic function is less than or equal to 0, the first backrest included angle and the third backrest included angle are taken as interval endpoints, an interval endpoint value is updated by adopting a golden section method, the backrest included angle corresponding to the dividing point reserved in the updated interval is taken as a new second backrest included angle, and a corresponding new second head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index is obtained;

screening the minimum index value of the head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index corresponding to the updated first backrest angle, the head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index corresponding to the updated third backrest angle and the head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index corresponding to the new second backrest angle as a fourth head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index, and taking the corresponding backrest angle as a fourth backrest angle.

3. The driving posture determining method for reducing head and neck injuries of an automobile crash dummy according to claim 1, wherein after calculating the fourth head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index, the method further comprises the following steps before judging that the first backrest included angle and the third backrest included angle meet preset conditions:

when the second head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index is larger than the fourth head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index and the fourth backrest angle is smaller than the second backrest angle, replacing the third backrest angle and the third head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index with the second backrest angle and the second head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index, replacing the second backrest angle and the second head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index with the fourth backrest angle and the fourth head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index, and updating the quadratic function;

when the second head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index is larger than the fourth head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index and the fourth backrest angle is larger than the second backrest angle, replacing the first head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index with the second backrest angle and the second head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index, replacing the second head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index with the fourth head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index and the fourth backrest angle, and updating the quadratic function;

when the second head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index is smaller than or equal to the fourth head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index and the fourth backrest included angle is unequal to the second backrest included angle, taking the opposite number of the current determined factors as new determined factors, and re-judging the relation between the new determined factors and 0;

when the second head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index is equal to the fourth head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index and the fourth backrest included angle is equal to the second backrest included angle, calculating target precision according to the first backrest included angle and the third backrest included angle; when the target precision is larger than a preset precision value, taking the opposite number of the current determination factor as a new determination factor, and re-judging the relation between the new determination factor and 0; the target accuracy is an absolute value of a difference between the first back angle and the third back angle.

4. A driving posture determining method for reducing head and neck injuries of a person in case of collision of an automobile according to claim 2 or 3, wherein when the first back included angle and the third back included angle are judged to meet a preset condition, the current fourth back included angle is judged to be the optimal back included angle; the method specifically comprises the following steps:

obtaining target precision according to the included angle between the first backrest and the third backrest;

when the target precision is larger than a preset precision value, recalculating a determination factor according to the updated first backrest included angle, the updated second backrest included angle, the updated third backrest included angle and the corresponding head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index, and judging the relationship between the determination factor and 0 again;

and when the target precision is smaller than or equal to a preset precision value, judging that the current fourth backrest included angle is the optimal backrest included angle.

5. The driving posture determining method for reducing head and neck injuries of a car crash dummy according to claim 1, wherein said initial evaluation index is calculated according to the following formula:

；

wherein,d is the number of the comprehensive damage evaluation indexes of the head and the neck, and is the number of the comprehensive damage evaluation indexes of the head and the neck>Is the index of head injury, is->For accumulating 3ms composite acceleration values, +.>Index of neck injury,>、/>and->The weight coefficients of the head injury index, the accumulated 3ms synthesized acceleration value and the neck injury index are respectively.

6. The driving posture determining method for reducing head and neck injuries of a car crash dummy according to claim 5, wherein said determining factor is calculated according to the following formula:

；

wherein A is a determining factor,is a first backrest included angle->Is the second backrest included angle->Is a third backrest angle.

7. The driving posture determining method for reducing head and neck injuries of a car crash dummy according to claim 6, wherein if said determination factor a is greater than 0, said quadratic function minimum point is calculated according to the following formula:

；

wherein,is the quadratic function minimum point.

8. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program, wherein the computer program when executed by a processor implements the steps of a driving posture determination method for reducing head and neck injuries of a person with a collision of an automobile as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.