CN117268798A - Driving gesture determining method and medium for reducing head and neck injuries of automobile collision dummy - Google Patents
Driving gesture determining method and medium for reducing head and neck injuries of automobile collision dummy Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a driving gesture determining method and medium for reducing head and neck injuries of an automobile collision dummy, and relates to the technical field of automobile safety collision test dummy. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring at least three initial backrest angles; sequentially inputting the initial backrest included angles into a finite element simulation model, and calculating to obtain corresponding initial evaluation indexes; constructing a quadratic function according to the initial evaluation index and the initial backrest included angle; calculating a fourth backrest included angle and a corresponding fourth head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index according to the quadratic function and the initial backrest included angle; when the first backrest included angle and the third backrest included angle are judged to be in accordance with preset conditions, the current fourth backrest included angle is judged to be the optimal backrest included angle; the optimal backrest included angle is the optimal driving posture corresponding to the least damage to the head and the neck of the automobile collision dummy; provides a theoretical basis for guiding the driving gesture of the passengers to be standard.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile safety collision test dummies, in particular to a driving gesture determining method and medium for reducing head and neck injuries of an automobile collision dummies.
Background
With the rapid development of social economy and the steady improvement of the manufacturing industry level, the automobile conservation amount in China is continuously increasing, and the traffic safety problem is increasingly serious. Research has shown that a frontal collision accident of an automobile is one of the most common traffic accident types. Restraint systems such as airbags generally provide occupant protection during a frontal collision of a vehicle. However, if the occupant is spaced closer from the steering wheel before a collision, the head is likely to contact the airbag during the rapid inflation phase, which exacerbates occupant head injury. Therefore, it is important to explore the relationship between the driving posture of the occupant and the damage condition of the head and neck of the occupant.
At present, most researches focus on exploring the injury situation of passengers under several specific driving postures, but in a practical scene, the driving postures of a human body are complex and changeable, and only researching the injury situation under several specific postures is difficult to give an optimal driving posture guiding scheme. Therefore, we propose a driving posture determining method and medium for reducing head and neck injuries of a car crash dummy to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks or shortcomings in the prior art, it is desirable to provide a driving posture determining method and medium for reducing head and neck injuries of a collision dummy of an automobile, which provide theoretical basis for guiding the driving posture specification of an occupant and can also improve the spatial arrangement level of the automobile.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a driving posture determining method for reducing head and neck injuries of a vehicle collision dummy, including the steps of:
acquiring at least three initial backrest angles;
sequentially inputting the initial backrest included angles into a finite element simulation model, and calculating to obtain corresponding initial evaluation indexes;
constructing a quadratic function according to the initial evaluation index and the initial backrest included angle;
calculating a fourth backrest included angle and a corresponding fourth head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index according to the quadratic function and the initial backrest included angle;
when the first backrest included angle and the third backrest included angle are judged to be in accordance with preset conditions, the current fourth backrest included angle is judged to be the optimal backrest included angle; the optimal backrest included angle is the optimal driving posture corresponding to the head and neck of the automobile collision dummy with the least damage.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the three initial backrest angles are respectively a first backrest angle, a second backrest angle and a third backrest angle, and the corresponding initial evaluation indexes are respectively a first head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index, a second head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index and a third head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index;
according to the quadratic function and the initial backrest included angle, calculating to obtain a fourth backrest included angle and a corresponding fourth head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
when judging that the determining factor of the opening direction of the quadratic function is larger than 0, calculating the minimum value point of the quadratic function;
calculating a fourth backrest included angle according to the relation between the minimum value point and the first backrest included angle and the third backrest included angle;
and inputting the fourth backrest included angle into the finite element simulation model, and calculating to obtain a fourth head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, before judging that the determining factor of the opening direction of the quadratic function is greater than 0, the method further comprises the following steps:
when the determining factor of the opening direction of the quadratic function is smaller than or equal to 0, calculating a fifth backrest included angle according to the relation between the second backrest included angle and the first and third backrest included angles;
replacing the second backrest included angle with the fifth backrest included angle, simultaneously calculating a corresponding head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index, and updating the quadratic function;
when the determining factor of the opening direction of the updated quadratic function is less than or equal to 0, the first backrest included angle and the third backrest included angle are taken as interval endpoints, an interval endpoint value is updated by adopting a golden section method, the backrest included angle corresponding to the dividing point reserved in the updated interval is taken as a new second backrest included angle, and a corresponding new second head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index is obtained;
screening the minimum index value of the head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index corresponding to the updated first backrest angle, the head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index corresponding to the updated third backrest angle and the head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index corresponding to the new second backrest angle as a fourth head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index, and taking the corresponding backrest angle as a fourth backrest angle.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, after the fourth head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index is calculated, before the first backrest included angle and the third backrest included angle are judged to meet the preset conditions, the method further comprises the following steps:
when the second head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index is larger than the fourth head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index and the fourth backrest angle is smaller than the second backrest angle, replacing the third backrest angle and the third head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index with the second backrest angle and the second head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index, replacing the second backrest angle and the second head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index with the fourth backrest angle and the fourth head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index, and updating the quadratic function;
when the second head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index is larger than the fourth head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index and the fourth backrest angle is larger than the second backrest angle, replacing the first head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index with the second backrest angle and the second head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index, replacing the second head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index with the fourth head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index and the fourth backrest angle, and updating the quadratic function;
when the second head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index is smaller than or equal to the fourth head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index and the fourth backrest included angle is unequal to the second backrest included angle, taking the opposite number of the current determined factors as new determined factors, and re-judging the relation between the new determined factors and 0;
when the second head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index is equal to the fourth head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index and the fourth backrest included angle is equal to the second backrest included angle, calculating target precision according to the first backrest included angle and the third backrest included angle; when the target precision is larger than a preset precision value, taking the opposite number of the current determination factor as a new determination factor, and re-judging the relation between the new determination factor and 0; the target accuracy is an absolute value of a difference between the first back angle and the third back angle.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, when the first backrest included angle and the third backrest included angle are judged to accord with the preset condition, the current fourth backrest included angle is judged to be the optimal backrest included angle; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
obtaining target precision according to the included angle between the first backrest and the third backrest;
when the target precision is larger than a preset precision value, recalculating a determination factor according to the updated first backrest included angle, the updated second backrest included angle, the updated third backrest included angle and the corresponding head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index, and judging the relationship between the determination factor and 0 again;
and when the target precision is smaller than or equal to a preset precision value, judging that the current fourth backrest included angle is the optimal backrest included angle.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the initial backrest included angle is sequentially input into a finite element simulation model, and a corresponding initial evaluation index is calculated, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
sequentially inputting the initial backrest included angle into the finite element simulation model;
performing collision analysis of the finite element simulation model at an initial speed, and extracting to obtain corresponding head injury indexes, accumulated 3ms synthesized acceleration values and neck injury indexes; the initial speed is the speed of the vehicle when the vehicle collides;
and calculating to obtain a corresponding initial evaluation index according to the head injury index, the accumulated 3ms synthesized acceleration value and the neck injury index.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the initial evaluation index is calculated according to the following formula:
；
wherein,d is the number of the comprehensive damage evaluation indexes of the head and the neck,is the index of head injury, is->For accumulating 3ms composite acceleration values, +.>Index of neck injury,>、/>and->The weight coefficients of the head injury index, the accumulated 3ms synthesized acceleration value and the neck injury index are respectively.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the determination factor is calculated according to the following formula:
；
wherein A is a determining factor,is a first backrest included angle->Is the second backrest included angle->Is a third backrest angle.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, if the determination factor A is greater than 0, the quadratic function minimum point is calculated according to the following formula:
；
wherein,is the quadratic function minimum point.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a computer readable storage medium having a computer program which, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of a driving gesture determination method for reducing head and neck injuries of a person with a collision of a vehicle as described above.
In summary, the invention discloses a specific flow of a driving gesture determining method for reducing head and neck injuries of an automobile collision dummy. According to the invention, at least three initial backrest angles are acquired, the initial backrest angles are sequentially input into a finite element simulation model, and corresponding initial evaluation indexes are calculated; constructing a quadratic function according to the initial evaluation index and the initial backrest included angle, and calculating to obtain a fourth backrest included angle and a corresponding fourth head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index according to the quadratic function and the initial backrest included angle; when the first backrest included angle and the third backrest included angle are judged to be in accordance with preset conditions, the current fourth backrest included angle is judged to be the optimal backrest included angle; the optimal backrest included angle is the optimal driving posture corresponding to the head and neck of the automobile collision dummy with the least damage.
According to the invention, corresponding evaluation indexes are obtained through the backrest angles corresponding to different driving postures, so that the comprehensive damage condition of the head and neck of the dummy can be quantified, and the backrest angle corresponding to the driving posture with the lightest damage condition of the head and neck is finally obtained by analyzing in a finite element simulation model based on the evaluation indexes, thereby providing a certain theoretical basis for guiding the driving posture specification of the actual passenger of the vehicle, and simultaneously improving the man-machine space arrangement level of the automobile.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a driving posture determining method for reducing head and neck injuries of a false car collision person.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a finite element simulation model.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the airbag in a deployed state.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the rotation axis of the seat back when the driving posture is changed.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the axis of rotation of the upper torso of a finite element prosthesis while driving posture is changed.
Fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart of calculating an initial evaluation index.
Fig. 7 is a flow chart when the determination factor of the opening direction of the quadratic function is greater than 0.
Fig. 8 is a flow chart when the determination factor of the opening direction of the quadratic function is less than or equal to 0.
Reference numerals in the drawings: 1. finite element dummy; 2. a class dashboard; 3. a pedal; 4. foot rest; 5. an airbag; 6. a steering wheel; 7. a steering column; 8. a safety belt; 9. and (5) a seat.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are illustrative of the relevant invention and are not intended to be limiting of the current invention. It should be noted that, for convenience of description, only the portions related to the invention are shown in the drawings.
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, a flow chart of a first embodiment of a driving gesture determining method for reducing head and neck injuries of a vehicle collision dummy according to the present invention includes the following steps:
s10, acquiring at least three initial backrest included angles;
wherein, three initial back contained angles are respectively: the first backrest angle, the second backrest angle and the third backrest angle, and the first backrest angle is smaller than the second backrest angle;
the backrest included angle refers to an included angle between the seat backrest and the horizontal plane of the side where the seat cushion is located, and the included angle is also an included angle between the upper trunk of the finite element dummy 1 and the horizontal plane of the seat cushion.
The initial backrest angle may be selected randomly by one skilled in the art; it should be noted that one backrest angle corresponds to one driving posture.
S20, sequentially inputting the initial backrest included angles into a finite element simulation model, and calculating to obtain corresponding initial evaluation indexes;
the initial evaluation indexes are a first head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index, a second head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index and a third head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index which are in one-to-one correspondence with the first backrest included angle, the second backrest included angle and the third backrest included angle respectively;
specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the finite element simulation model includes: a finite element dummy 1, a dashboard-like 2, a pedal 3, a footrest 4, a steering wheel 6 with an airbag 5 inside, a steering column 7, a seat belt 8, and a seat 9.
Here, the type of finite element dummy 1 is, for example, a Hybrid III 50 percentile dummy. When the finite element simulation model simulates collision, as shown in fig. 3, the airbag 5 is in a deployed state, and plays a role in protecting the finite element dummy 1. Where M in fig. 4 represents the intersection of the back and seat cushion. B in fig. 5 represents a straight line where the H point of the finite element dummy 1 is located; c in fig. 5 represents the upper torso set of the finite element dummy 1, including the head assembly, neck assembly, chest assembly, lumbar assembly.
The finite element simulation model has basic parameters such as the same material and properties as those of the corresponding parts of the vehicle, and applies gravitational acceleration to the model. A vehicle acceleration profile during a collision is established and is loaded back onto the finite element prosthesis 1.
Further, as shown in fig. 6, the initial backrest angle is sequentially input into a finite element simulation model, and a corresponding initial evaluation index is calculated, which specifically includes the following steps:
s201, sequentially inputting initial backrest included angles into a finite element simulation model;
s202, carrying out collision analysis of a finite element simulation model at an initial speed, and extracting to obtain corresponding head injury indexes, accumulated 3ms synthesized acceleration values and neck injury indexes; the initial speed is the speed of the vehicle when the vehicle collides;
when the collision analysis of the finite element simulation model is carried out at the initial speed, the collision analysis can be carried out by using Lmdyna software.
S203, calculating to obtain a corresponding initial evaluation index according to the head injury index, the accumulated 3ms synthesized acceleration value and the neck injury index.
The first head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index, the second head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index and the third head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index which correspond to the first head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index can be obtained through the steps.
Wherein the initial evaluation index is calculated according to the following formula:
；
wherein,d is the number of the comprehensive damage evaluation indexes of the head and the neck,is the index of head injury, is->For accumulating 3ms composite acceleration values, +.>Index of neck injury,>、/>and->Respectively a head injury index, a cumulative 3ms synthesized acceleration value and a weight coefficient of a neck injury index; here, the->，。
S30, constructing a secondary function according to the initial evaluation index and the initial backrest included angle;
the quadratic function is a quadratic function taking the included angle of the backrest as an independent variable and the comprehensive damage evaluation index of the head and neck as a dependent variable.
S40, calculating a fourth backrest included angle and a corresponding fourth head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index according to the quadratic function and the initial backrest included angle;
specifically, as shown in fig. 7, according to the quadratic function and the initial backrest angle, calculating to obtain a fourth backrest angle and a corresponding fourth head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s4011, when the determining factor of the opening direction of the quadratic function is judged to be greater than 0, calculating the minimum value point of the quadratic function;
specifically, the determination factor of the opening direction of the quadratic function is calculated according to the following formula:
；
wherein A is a determining factor,is a first backrest included angle->Is the second backrest included angle->Is a third backrest angle.
And when judging that the determination factor of the opening direction of the quadratic function is larger than 0, calculating the minimum value point of the quadratic function according to the following formula:
；
wherein,is the quadratic function minimum point.
S4012, calculating a fourth backrest included angle according to the relation between the minimum value point and the first backrest included angle and the third backrest included angle;
specifically, the fourth backrest angle is calculated according to the following formula:
；
wherein,is the fourth backrest included angle->Is constant.
Specifically, when the minimum point is greater than the first backrest angle and less than the third backrest angle, i.e., the minimum point is within the interval of the initial backrest angle, thenCorrespondingly, the fourth backrest angle +.>；
When the minimum point is greater than or equal to the third backrest angle, i.e. the minimum point is on the right side of the interval range of the initial backrest angleAccordingly, the->；
When the minimum point is smaller than or equal to the first backrest angle, i.e. the minimum point is at the left side of the interval range of the initial backrest angleAccordingly, the->。
S4013, inputting the fourth backrest included angle into a finite element simulation model, and calculating to obtain a fourth head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index;
the calculation mode of the fourth comprehensive damage evaluation index of the head and neck is consistent with that of the initial evaluation index, and details are omitted here.
Further, after the fourth head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index is obtained through calculation, before the first backrest included angle and the third backrest included angle are judged to meet the preset conditions, the method further comprises the following steps:
(1) When the second head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index is larger than the fourth head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index and the fourth backrest included angle is smaller than the second backrest included angle, replacing the third backrest included angle and the third head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index with the second backrest included angle and the second head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index, replacing the second backrest included angle and the second head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index with the fourth backrest included angle and the fourth head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index, and updating a quadratic function;
after updating the quadratic function according to the above steps, step S4011 is performed.
(2) When the second head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index is larger than the fourth head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index and the fourth backrest included angle is larger than the second backrest included angle, replacing the first backrest included angle and the first head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index with the second backrest included angle and the second head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index, replacing the second backrest included angle and the second head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index with the fourth backrest included angle and the fourth head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index, and updating a quadratic function;
after updating the quadratic function according to the above steps, step S4011 is performed.
(3) And when the second head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index is smaller than or equal to the fourth head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index and the fourth backrest included angle is unequal to the second backrest included angle, taking the opposite number of the current determination factors as new determination factors, and re-judging the relationship between the new determination factors and 0.
And executing corresponding steps according to the relationship between the new determination factor obtained by the re-judgment and 0.
(4) When the second head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index is equal to the fourth head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index and the fourth backrest included angle is equal to the second backrest included angle, calculating target accuracy according to the first backrest included angle and the third backrest included angle; when the target precision is larger than a preset precision value, taking the opposite number of the current determination factor as a new determination factor, re-judging the relationship between the new determination factor and 0, and executing corresponding steps according to the re-judged relationship between the new determination factor and 0; the target accuracy is the absolute value of the difference between the first back angle and the third back angle.
In addition, as shown in fig. 8, before determining that the determination factor of the opening direction of the quadratic function is greater than 0, the method further includes the steps of:
s4021, calculating a fifth backrest included angle according to the relation between the second backrest included angle and the first backrest included angle as well as the third backrest included angle when the determining factor of the opening direction of the quadratic function is smaller than or equal to 0;
specifically, when the determination factor of the opening direction of the quadratic function is less than or equal to 0:
if the second backrest angle is not the midpoint of the driving posture change interval, that isThe fifth backrest angle is the point of symmetry of the second backrest angle in the driving posture change region of the quadratic function, i.e. +.>；
If the second backrest angle is the midpoint of the driving posture change interval, that isThen the fifth backrest angle is the dividing point at one quarter of the driving posture change interval of the quadratic function, i.e. +.>。
S4022, replacing the second backrest included angle with a fifth backrest included angle, simultaneously calculating a corresponding head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index, and updating a quadratic function;
the calculation mode of the head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index is identical to the calculation mode of the initial evaluation index, and is not repeated here.
S4023, when the determining factor of the opening direction of the updated quadratic function is less than or equal to 0, the first backrest included angle and the third backrest included angle are taken as interval endpoints, the interval endpoint value is updated by adopting a golden section method, the backrest included angle corresponding to the segmentation point reserved in the updated interval is taken as a new second backrest included angle, and a corresponding new second head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index is obtained;
s4024, screening the minimum index value of the head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index corresponding to the updated first backrest angle, the head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index corresponding to the updated third backrest angle and the head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index corresponding to the new second backrest angle as a fourth head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index, and taking the corresponding backrest angle as a fourth backrest angle.
Based on the steps, the secondary function is updated again by using the updated first backrest included angle, the updated third backrest included angle and the new second backrest included angle, and the size of the determining factor of the opening direction of the secondary function is judged. If the determination factor is greater than 0, continuing to execute step S4011; if the determination factor is less than or equal to 0, continuing to execute step S4021; and repeating the steps until the finally obtained first backrest included angle and the third backrest included angle meet the preset conditions, and judging that the current fourth backrest included angle is the optimal backrest included angle, namely the optimal driving gesture.
S50, judging that the current fourth backrest included angle is the optimal backrest included angle when the first backrest included angle and the third backrest included angle are judged to meet the preset conditions; the optimal backrest included angle is the optimal driving posture corresponding to the least damage to the head and the neck of the automobile collision dummy.
Specifically, when the first backrest included angle and the third backrest included angle are judged to meet the preset conditions, the current fourth backrest included angle is judged to be the optimal backrest included angle; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
obtaining target precision according to the first backrest included angle and the third backrest included angle;
when the target precision is greater than a preset precision value, recalculating a determination factor according to the updated first backrest included angle, the updated second backrest included angle, the updated third backrest included angle and the corresponding head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index, and judging the relationship between the determination factor and 0 again;
wherein, the corresponding steps are executed according to the relationship between the determined factor and 0 obtained by the re-judgment.
And when the target precision is smaller than or equal to the preset precision value, judging that the current fourth backrest included angle is the optimal backrest included angle.
Wherein the target accuracy is calculated according to the following formula:
i.e.The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein (1)>Is a preset precision value.
The traditional way of exploring the driving gesture of the passenger and the damage condition of the head and the neck of the passenger only is to explore the injury condition of the passenger under a plurality of specific driving gestures, but the driving gesture in the actual scene is complex and changeable, and it is difficult to give direct and accurate guidance to the actual driving and the injury condition of the passenger. However, according to the invention, collision analysis is carried out in a finite element simulation model through an initial backrest included angle randomly selected by a person skilled in the art, a corresponding initial evaluation index is obtained through calculation, then a quadratic function is constructed according to the initial evaluation index and the initial backrest included angle, a determination factor of the opening direction of the quadratic function is obtained, corresponding judgment and updating steps are executed, and repeated cyclic iteration is carried out until the absolute value of the difference between the final first backrest included angle and the final third backrest included angle is smaller than a preset precision value, the corresponding fourth backrest included angle is the optimal backrest included angle, the included angle between the backrest and the seat cushion can be adjusted according to the optimal backrest included angle by an actual vehicle, and then the head and neck comprehensive damage minimization of a dummy can be ensured when the vehicle is running again; the invention can provide a certain theoretical basis for guiding the driving gesture specification of the actual passenger of the vehicle, and can also improve the space arrangement level of the automobile man-machine.
Taking a Hybrid III 50th finite element dummy as an example, building a finite element simulation model corresponding to the Hybrid III 50th finite element dummy, giving the model the same basic parameters as the corresponding vehicle components, such as materials, properties and the like, constructing information such as restraint, contact and the like, applying gravity acceleration to the model, building a vehicle acceleration curve in the collision process, and reversely loading the vehicle acceleration curve to the Hybrid III 50th finite element dummy.
First, the initial velocity isInitial backrest angle->、/>And->Preset precision value +.>Inputting the finite element simulation model; then, the finite element simulation model adjusts the included angles of the backrest and the horizontal plane of the side where the trunk set C and the seat cushion are positioned on the dummy in figure 5 one by one according to the angle of the initial included angle of the backrest, simulates collision at an initial speed, and calculates to obtain a corresponding initial evaluation index; wherein, in the calculation of the initial evaluation index, the weight coefficients of each head injury index, the accumulated 3ms synthesized acceleration and the neck injury index are +.>。
Correspondingly, constructing a quadratic function according to the initial evaluation index and the initial backrest included angle, and calculating a determining factor of the opening direction of the quadratic function; and then, executing the steps of judging and updating according to the steps, repeating the loop iteration until the absolute value of the difference between the final first backrest included angle and the third backrest included angle is smaller than 3 degrees, and then, adjusting the included angle between the seat backrest and the side horizontal plane of the seat cushion and the included angle between the trunk set C on the dummy and the side horizontal plane of the seat cushion by the vehicle according to the optimal backrest included angle, wherein the vehicle can ensure that the comprehensive damage of the head and neck of the dummy is minimized when the vehicle is restarted, and providing a certain theoretical basis for guiding the driving gesture specification of the actual passenger of the vehicle, and simultaneously, improving the man-machine space arrangement level of the vehicle.
Example 2
The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium that may be included in the electronic device described in the above embodiments; or may exist alone without being incorporated into the electronic device. The computer-readable storage medium carries one or more programs that, when executed by an electronic device, cause the electronic device to implement a driving posture determining method of reducing head and neck injuries of a person with a collision of an automobile as described in the above embodiment.
The above description is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and of the principles of the technology employed. It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the scope of the invention referred to in the present invention is not limited to the specific combinations of the technical features described above, but also covers other technical features formed by any combination of the technical features described above or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. Such as the above-mentioned features and the technical features disclosed in the present invention (but not limited to) having similar functions are replaced with each other.
Claims (10)
1. A driving gesture determining method for reducing head and neck injuries of a false automobile collision person is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring at least three initial backrest angles;
sequentially inputting the initial backrest included angles into a finite element simulation model, and calculating to obtain corresponding initial evaluation indexes;
constructing a quadratic function according to the initial evaluation index and the initial backrest included angle;
calculating a fourth backrest included angle and a corresponding fourth head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index according to the quadratic function and the initial backrest included angle;
when the first backrest included angle and the third backrest included angle are judged to be in accordance with preset conditions, the current fourth backrest included angle is judged to be the optimal backrest included angle; the optimal backrest included angle is the optimal driving posture corresponding to the head and neck of the automobile collision dummy with the least damage.
2. The driving posture determination method for reducing head and neck injuries of an automobile crash dummy according to claim 1, wherein three initial backrest angles are respectively a first backrest angle, a second backrest angle and a third backrest angle, and the corresponding initial evaluation indexes are respectively a first head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index, a second head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index and a third head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index;
according to the quadratic function and the initial backrest included angle, calculating to obtain a fourth backrest included angle and a corresponding fourth head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
when judging that the determining factor of the opening direction of the quadratic function is larger than 0, calculating the minimum value point of the quadratic function;
calculating a fourth backrest included angle according to the relation between the minimum value point and the first backrest included angle and the third backrest included angle;
and inputting the fourth backrest included angle into the finite element simulation model, and calculating to obtain a fourth head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index.
3. The driving posture determining method for reducing head and neck injuries of a person with a collision of a car according to claim 2, further comprising the steps of, before determining that the determination factor of the opening direction of the quadratic function is greater than 0:
when the determining factor of the opening direction of the quadratic function is smaller than or equal to 0, calculating a fifth backrest included angle according to the relation between the second backrest included angle and the first and third backrest included angles;
replacing the second backrest included angle with the fifth backrest included angle, simultaneously calculating a corresponding head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index, and updating the quadratic function;
when the determining factor of the opening direction of the updated quadratic function is less than or equal to 0, the first backrest included angle and the third backrest included angle are taken as interval endpoints, an interval endpoint value is updated by adopting a golden section method, the backrest included angle corresponding to the dividing point reserved in the updated interval is taken as a new second backrest included angle, and a corresponding new second head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index is obtained;
screening the minimum index value of the head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index corresponding to the updated first backrest angle, the head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index corresponding to the updated third backrest angle and the head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index corresponding to the new second backrest angle as a fourth head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index, and taking the corresponding backrest angle as a fourth backrest angle.
4. The driving posture determining method for reducing head and neck injuries of an automobile crash dummy according to claim 2, wherein after calculating the fourth head and neck comprehensive injury evaluation index, the method further comprises the following steps before judging that the first backrest included angle and the third backrest included angle meet the preset conditions:
when the second head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index is larger than the fourth head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index and the fourth backrest angle is smaller than the second backrest angle, replacing the third backrest angle and the third head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index with the second backrest angle and the second head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index, replacing the second backrest angle and the second head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index with the fourth backrest angle and the fourth head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index, and updating the quadratic function;
when the second head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index is larger than the fourth head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index and the fourth backrest angle is larger than the second backrest angle, replacing the first head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index with the second backrest angle and the second head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index, replacing the second head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index with the fourth head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index and the fourth backrest angle, and updating the quadratic function;
when the second head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index is smaller than or equal to the fourth head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index and the fourth backrest included angle is unequal to the second backrest included angle, taking the opposite number of the current determined factors as new determined factors, and re-judging the relation between the new determined factors and 0;
when the second head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index is equal to the fourth head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index and the fourth backrest included angle is equal to the second backrest included angle, calculating target precision according to the first backrest included angle and the third backrest included angle; when the target precision is larger than a preset precision value, taking the opposite number of the current determination factor as a new determination factor, and re-judging the relation between the new determination factor and 0; the target accuracy is an absolute value of a difference between the first back angle and the third back angle.
5. The driving posture determining method for reducing head and neck injuries of a person with a collision of an automobile according to claim 3 or 4, wherein when the first back included angle and the third back included angle are judged to meet a preset condition, the current fourth back included angle is judged to be the optimal back included angle; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
obtaining target precision according to the included angle between the first backrest and the third backrest;
when the target precision is larger than a preset precision value, recalculating a determination factor according to the updated first backrest included angle, the updated second backrest included angle, the updated third backrest included angle and the corresponding head and neck comprehensive damage evaluation index, and judging the relationship between the determination factor and 0 again;
and when the target precision is smaller than or equal to a preset precision value, judging that the current fourth backrest included angle is the optimal backrest included angle.
6. The driving posture determining method for reducing head and neck injuries of a vehicle collision dummy according to claim 2, wherein the initial backrest included angle is sequentially input into a finite element simulation model, and a corresponding initial evaluation index is calculated, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
sequentially inputting the initial backrest included angle into the finite element simulation model;
performing collision analysis of the finite element simulation model at an initial speed, and extracting to obtain corresponding head injury indexes, accumulated 3ms synthesized acceleration values and neck injury indexes; the initial speed is the speed of the vehicle when the vehicle collides;
and calculating to obtain a corresponding initial evaluation index according to the head injury index, the accumulated 3ms synthesized acceleration value and the neck injury index.
7. The driving posture determining method for reducing head and neck injuries of a car crash dummy according to claim 6, wherein said initial evaluation index is calculated according to the following formula:
；
wherein,d is the number of the comprehensive damage evaluation indexes of the head and the neck, and is the number of the comprehensive damage evaluation indexes of the head and the neck>Is the index of head injury, is->For accumulating 3ms composite acceleration values, +.>Index of neck injury,>、/>and->Respectively, head injury index and tirednessThe product 3ms synthesizes the acceleration value and the weight coefficient of the neck injury index.
8. The driving posture determining method for reducing head and neck injuries of a car crash dummy according to claim 7, wherein said determining factor is calculated according to the following formula:
；
wherein A is a determining factor,is a first backrest included angle->Is the second backrest included angle->Is a third backrest angle.
9. The driving posture determining method for reducing head and neck injuries of a car crash dummy according to claim 8, wherein if said determination factor a is greater than 0, said quadratic function minimum point is calculated according to the following formula:
；
wherein,is the quadratic function minimum point.
10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program, characterized in that the computer program when executed by a processor implements the steps of a driving posture determination method for reducing head and neck injuries of a person with a collision of an automobile as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.
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