CN117268042A - 一种天然气减压液化能量回收系统 - Google Patents

一种天然气减压液化能量回收系统 Download PDF

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CN117268042A
CN117268042A CN202311466261.8A CN202311466261A CN117268042A CN 117268042 A CN117268042 A CN 117268042A CN 202311466261 A CN202311466261 A CN 202311466261A CN 117268042 A CN117268042 A CN 117268042A
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gas
separator
pressure
heat exchanger
mixer
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葛杰
于佳文
任兵
桂建辉
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Zhejiang Shimge Pump Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
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    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/0035—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by gas expansion with extraction of work
    • F25J1/0037—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by gas expansion with extraction of work of a return stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/004—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by flash gas recovery
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0201—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using only internal refrigeration means, i.e. without external refrigeration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J1/0232—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes integration within a pressure letdown station of a high pressure pipeline system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
    • F25J1/0245—Different modes, i.e. 'runs', of operation; Process control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J5/00—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
    • F25J5/002—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/06—Splitting of the feed stream, e.g. for treating or cooling in different ways
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
    • F25J2245/90—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams the recycled stream being boil-off gas from storage

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Abstract

本申请涉及一种天然气减压液化能量回收系统，涉及能量回收的技术领域，包括压缩机、中间冷却器、热交换器一、节流阀一、分离器一、节流阀二、分离器二、增压装置和混合器一，原料气经由压缩机加压后输送至中间冷却器冷却至环境温度，产生的高压气体在热交换器一中冷却，随后进入节流阀一，膨胀至下游压力，随后气液两相状态的原料气进入分离器一，气相部分进入至混合器一，液相部分进过节流阀二膨胀至储存压力，随后流入分离器二中获得LNG，剩余的蒸汽气体通过增压装置压缩至下游压力，并且在混合器一中与来自分离器一的气相介质混合，混合后形成的气体在热交换器一中预冷高压原料气，升温后输送至子管道网络。本申请具有降低能量浪费的优点。

Description

一种天然气减压液化能量回收系统
技术领域
本申请涉及能量回收的技术领域，尤其是涉及一种天然气减压液化能量回收系统。
背景技术
天然气作为一种清洁、无毒、高热值的能源备受关注。管道天然气作为天然气输运的主要途径，在天然气输送过程中尤为重要。海上或陆地上生产的天然气往往具有较高的压力，在输送给用户使用前，需进行减压处理。通常采用焦耳-汤普森减压阀，通过等焓过程进行减压。然而这种方法会造成高压原料气的能量浪费。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的不足，本申请的目的之一是提供一种天然气减压液化能量回收系统，其具有降低能量浪费的优点。
本申请的上述目的是通过以下技术方案得以实现的：
一种天然气减压液化能量回收系统，包括压缩机、中间冷却器、热交换器一、节流阀一、分离器一、节流阀二、分离器二、增压装置和混合器一，原料气经由压缩机加压后输送至中间冷却器冷却至环境温度，产生的高压气体在热交换器一中冷却，随后进入节流阀一，膨胀至下游压力，随后气液两相状态的原料气进入分离器一，气相部分进入至混合器一，液相部分进过节流阀二膨胀至储存压力，随后流入分离器二中获得LNG，剩余的蒸汽气体通过增压装置压缩至下游压力，并且在混合器一中与来自分离器一的气相介质混合，混合后形成的温度较低气体在热交换器一中预冷高压原料气，升温后输送至子管道网络。
通过采用上述技术方案，原料气经压缩后升压，后经冷却后直接经过节流阀，产生的低温液体继续节流降温，以实现液化天然气的目的。经节流后产生的气相介质混合后与经冷却的原料气继续换热，达到合适参数后通入用户侧。
本申请在一较佳示例中可以进一步配置为：还包括热交换器二、热交换器三、三通、膨胀机和混合器二，经由压缩机加压后输送至中间冷却器冷却至环境温度，高压气体经过热交换器一被预冷后经过三通分成两路，一路气体经过热交换器二、热交换器三被进一步冷却，具有高压的冷却气体在节流阀一中被减压至下游压力，然后形成两相流状态后进入分离器一，蒸汽部分输送至混合器二中，液体部分在节流阀二中进一步减压，并在分离器二中进行相分离获得LNG，蒸汽部分通过增压装置增压至下游压力，并输送至混合器一；而另一路气体经膨胀机膨胀至下游压力，并输送至混合器二中，在混合器二中混合后的，经过热交换器二进行换热后，进入至混合器一内进行混合，随后输送至热交换器一预冷原料气，然后将其输送至子管道网络。
通过采用上述技术方案，原料气经压缩后升压，后经冷却后通过三通管件分为2路，一路进行多级换热，另一路经过膨胀机继续获得冷量，实现能量的高效利用。
附图说明
图1是本申请模式一原理示意图。
图2是本申请模式二原理示意图。
附图标记：1、压缩机；2、中间冷却器；31、热交换器一；32、热交换器二；33、热交换器三；41、截止阀一；42、截止阀二；43、截止阀三；44、截止阀四；51、分离器一；52、分离器二；61、混合器一；62、混合器二；71、节流阀一；72、节流阀二；8、增压装置；9、旁通阀；10、三通。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本申请作进一步详细说明。
参照图1和图2，为本申请公开的一种天然气减压液化能量回收系统，包括压缩机1、中间冷却器2、热交换器一31、节流阀一71、分离器一51、节流阀二72、分离器二52、截止阀一41、截止阀二42、截止阀三43、截止阀四44、增压装置8、混合器一61、热交换器二32、热交换器三33、三通10、膨胀机、旁通阀9和混合器二62。
本申请公开了两种模式，其中，模式一为，原料气经由压缩机1加压后输送至中间冷却器2冷却至环境温度，产生的高压气体在热交换器一31中冷却，随后经过旁通阀9进入节流阀一71，膨胀至下游压力，随后气液两相状态的原料气进入分离器一51，气相部分经过截止阀一41进入至混合器一61，液相部分进过节流阀二72膨胀至储存压力，随后流入分离器二52中获得LNG，剩余的蒸汽气体通过增压装置8压缩至下游压力，并且在混合器一61中与来自分离器一51的气相介质混合，混合后形成的温度较低气体在热交换器一31中预冷高压原料气，升温后输送至子管道网络。在此模式中，截止阀二42、三、四处于关闭状态。
模式二为，经由压缩机1加压后输送至中间冷却器2冷却至环境温度，高压气体经过热交换器一31被预冷后经过三通10分成两路，一路气体经过热交换器二32、热交换器三33被进一步冷却，具有高压的冷却气体在节流阀一71中被减压至下游压力，然后形成两相流状态后进入分离器一51，其中，蒸汽部分经由截止阀二42、热交换器三33后输送至混合器二62中，液体部分在节流阀二72中进一步减压，并在分离器二52中进行相分离获得LNG，蒸汽部分通过增压装置8增压至下游压力，并输送至混合器一61；而另一路气体经膨胀机膨胀至下游压力，并输送至混合器二62中，在混合器二62中混合后的，经过热交换器二32进行换热后，进入至混合器一61内进行混合，随后输送至热交换器一31预冷原料气，然后将其输送至子管道网络。在此模式中，截止阀一41处于关闭状态。
本实施例的实施原理为：原料气经压缩后升压，后经冷却后的低温高压气根据压力不同，分为两种模式进行液化天然气。模式1直接经过节流阀，产生的低温液体继续节流降温，以实现液化天然气的目的。经节流后产生的气相介质混合后与经冷却的原料气继续换热，达到合适参数后通入用户侧。模式2通过三通10管件分为2路，一路进行多级换热，另一路经过膨胀机继续获得冷量。其中模式1操作简单，模式2可以在较低操作压力下，实现节能高效的目的。在天然气和电力需求较低的夜间，天然气减压液化系统可以消耗多余的电力和天然气来制造液化天然气。当白天来临时，该系统可以通过重新气化储存的液化天然气来生产电力和天然气，以缓解对电力和天然气管的高需求。有效地回收管道气体的能量，而且降低了液化天然气生产的成本和能耗。
本具体实施方式的实施例均为本申请的较佳实施例，并非依此限制本申请的保护范围，故：凡依本申请的结构、形状、原理所做的等效变化，均应涵盖于本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (2)

1.一种天然气减压液化能量回收系统，其特征在于：包括压缩机(1)、中间冷却器(2)、热交换器一(31)、节流阀一(71)、分离器一(51)、节流阀二(72)、分离器二(52)、增压装置(8)和混合器一(61)，原料气经由压缩机(1)加压后输送至中间冷却器(2)冷却至环境温度，产生的高压气体在热交换器一(31)中冷却，随后进入节流阀一(71)，膨胀至下游压力，随后气液两相状态的原料气进入分离器一(51)，气相部分进入至混合器一(61)，液相部分进过节流阀二(72)膨胀至储存压力，随后流入分离器二(52)中获得LNG，剩余的蒸汽气体通过增压装置(8)压缩至下游压力，并且在混合器一(61)中与来自分离器一(51)的气相介质混合，混合后形成的温度较低气体在热交换器一(31)中预冷高压原料气，升温后输送至子管道网络。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种天然气减压液化能量回收系统，其特征在于：还包括热交换器二(32)、热交换器三(33)、三通(10)、膨胀机和混合器二(62)，经由压缩机(1)加压后输送至中间冷却器(2)冷却至环境温度，高压气体经过热交换器一(31)被预冷后经过三通(10)分成两路，一路气体经过热交换器二(32)、热交换器三(33)被进一步冷却，具有高压的冷却气体在节流阀一(71)中被减压至下游压力，然后形成两相流状态后进入分离器一(51)，蒸汽部分输送至混合器二(62)中，液体部分在节流阀二(72)中进一步减压，并在分离器二(52)中进行相分离获得LNG，蒸汽部分通过增压装置(8)增压至下游压力，并输送至混合器一(61)；而另一路气体经膨胀机膨胀至下游压力，并输送至混合器二(62)中，在混合器二(62)中混合后的，经过热交换器二(32)进行换热后，进入至混合器一(61)内进行混合，随后输送至热交换器一(31)预冷原料气，然后将其输送至子管道网络。
CN202311466261.8A 2023-11-06 2023-11-06 一种天然气减压液化能量回收系统 Pending CN117268042A (zh)

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