CN117267616A - Mobile emergency disposal system for aerospace low-temperature chemical fuel leakage and disposal method thereof - Google Patents
Mobile emergency disposal system for aerospace low-temperature chemical fuel leakage and disposal method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117267616A CN117267616A CN202311234849.0A CN202311234849A CN117267616A CN 117267616 A CN117267616 A CN 117267616A CN 202311234849 A CN202311234849 A CN 202311234849A CN 117267616 A CN117267616 A CN 117267616A
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 230
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 116
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000805 composite resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60P—VEHICLES ADAPTED FOR LOAD TRANSPORTATION OR TO TRANSPORT, TO CARRY, OR TO COMPRISE SPECIAL LOADS OR OBJECTS
- B60P3/00—Vehicles adapted to transport, to carry or to comprise special loads or objects
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/06—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places of highly inflammable material, e.g. light metals, petroleum products
- A62C3/065—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places of highly inflammable material, e.g. light metals, petroleum products for containers filled with inflammable liquids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C5/00—Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use
- A62C5/033—Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use of gel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/12—Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion ; Other safety measures
- F17C13/126—Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion ; Other safety measures for large storage containers for liquefied gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
- F17C2260/04—Reducing risks and environmental impact
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
- F17C2260/04—Reducing risks and environmental impact
- F17C2260/042—Reducing risk of explosion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0186—Applications for fluid transport or storage in the air or in space
- F17C2270/0197—Rockets
Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of aerospace low-temperature chemical fuel leakage emergency treatment, in particular to a aerospace low-temperature chemical fuel leakage mobile emergency treatment system and a treatment method thereof, wherein the aerospace low-temperature chemical fuel leakage mobile emergency treatment system comprises a powder conveying component, a water conveying component and a first water powder film forming injection piece; the powder conveying assembly comprises a pneumatic driving part and a first sending tank, the first sending tank is used for storing the water absorbent resin composite material, and the pneumatic driving part is communicated with the first sending tank and the first water powder film forming spraying part through air pipes; the water delivery assembly comprises a hydraulic driving part and a first water delivery pipe, and the first water powder film forming injection part is communicated with the hydraulic driving part through the first water delivery pipe; when the water-absorbent resin composite is combined with water, a gel-state water film can be formed. The method has the effects of improving the emergency treatment capability of the leakage of the aerospace low-temperature chemical fuel, and timely controlling accidents in the sprouting and initial states so as to reduce the possibility of secondary disasters such as fire and explosion.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of aerospace low-temperature chemical fuel leakage emergency treatment technology, in particular to a aerospace low-temperature chemical fuel leakage mobile emergency treatment system and a treatment method thereof.
Background
The development of the aerospace field in China is rapid, and the rocket plays a vital role as a carrier for realizing aerospace flight. Currently, a new generation of space launch rocket propellant system in China adopts low-temperature double-component propellants such as liquid oxygen/liquid methane (liquid oxygen/liquid hydrogen), wherein the liquid methane storage temperature is minus 161 ℃ and the liquid hydrogen storage temperature is minus 253 ℃.
The liquid oxygen/liquid methane (liquid oxygen/liquid hydrogen) low-temperature propellant has the advantages of no toxicity, no pollution, high specific impulse, high thrust and the like, but the liquid methane (liquid hydrogen) serving as a combustion agent has the obvious characteristics of inflammability, explosiveness, volatility and the like, and is extremely easy to cause low-temperature frostbite or asphyxia once leakage accidents occur in the processes of production, transportation, storage, filling, emission, release and the like; on the other hand, liquid methane (liquid hydrogen) is in a thermal balance state in a storage tank and is accumulated on the ground surface to form a liquid pool, meanwhile, the liquid methane is vaporized violently, the volume of the liquid methane is increased by hundreds of times in the rapid phase transition (BPT) process, and the liquid methane is mixed with air to form flammable and explosive steam clouds, so that the liquid methane is extremely easy to cause secondary accidents such as fire, explosion and even detonation under the ignition of open fire or electric spark, and is a major danger source in spaceflight launching activities. In addition, when a liquid methane (liquid hydrogen) storage tank is exposed to a flame, resulting in an increase in pressure within the tank, a rapid increase in the temperature of the tank wall above the liquid level (dry wall), a decrease in the wall tank strength, and a thermoplastic breach of the dry wall will occur over time, resulting in a catastrophic boiling liquid vapor explosion fire. Numerous accident cases suggest that the risk of methane material determines that the consequences of the incident will be severe, for example: explosion accident of Space plane, falcon No. 9 rocket series of Space company and multiple explosion accident. Thus, once a leak event occurs, if not handled in time, immeasurable losses are incurred to personnel life and facility equipment.
The key point of handling the accident of liquid methane (liquid hydrogen) low-temperature fuel leakage is to control the accident to a sprouting and initial state in time, so as to prevent the accident from evolving into secondary disasters such as fire, explosion and the like. The aerospace low-temperature chemical fuel leakage emergency treatment method described in the related art is generally as follows: in case of accident, the simple fire-fighting water spraying and cooling method is adopted for the leakage source and the adjacent storage tanks, and the method has the defects of large water supply requirement, poor heat insulation effect, no anti-reburning capability, insufficient protection and the like, and is easy to cause secondary disasters such as fire disaster, explosion and the like. Therefore, designing an emergency treatment device for leakage of low-temperature chemical fuels (liquid methane and liquid hydrogen) for spaceflight is a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the emergency treatment capability of the leakage of the aerospace low-temperature chemical fuel, the accident is controlled in a sprouting and initial state in time so as to reduce the possibility of secondary disasters such as fire and explosion, and the like, the application provides a mobile emergency treatment system for the leakage of the aerospace low-temperature chemical fuel and a treatment method thereof.
The application provides a mobile emergency disposal system for leakage of aerospace low-temperature chemical fuel and a disposal method thereof, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a mobile emergency disposal system for spaceflight low-temperature chemical fuel leakage comprises a powder conveying component, a water conveying component and a first water powder film forming injection piece;
the powder conveying component is used for blowing powdery water-absorbent resin composite materials into the first water-powder film forming spraying piece and comprises a pneumatic driving piece and a first sending tank, wherein the first sending tank is used for storing the water-absorbent resin composite materials, and the pneumatic driving piece is communicated with the first sending tank and the first sending tank is communicated with the first water-powder film forming spraying piece through air pipes;
the water delivery assembly comprises a hydraulic driving part and a first water delivery pipe, and the first water powder film forming injection part is communicated with the hydraulic driving part through the first water delivery pipe;
the water-absorbent resin composite material can be combined with water to quickly form a gel-state water film with flame-retardant and heat-insulating functions.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the low temperature propellant (liquid methane, liquid hydrogen) takes place to leak the accident on the scene, communicate hydraulic drive spare and outside water source, open pneumatic drive spare, under pneumatic drive spare and gas-supply pipe's effect, the powdered water-absorbent resin combined material in the first transmission jar is blown to first water powder film formation injection spare in, hydraulic drive spare starts simultaneously, water also carries first water powder film formation injection spare through first raceway in, water-absorbent resin combined material combines this moment with water, can form a gel state water film with fire-retardant thermal-insulated function fast, gel state water film is through first water powder film formation injection spare directional injection to leak on the (unburned) storage tank jar body itself or the peripheral leak, play quick fire-retardant thermal-insulated guard action to leaking storage tank jar body and pipe-line system. Compared with the traditional fire-fighting water agent, the gel-state water film can save more than 90 percent of water, has a flame-retardant effect which is more than 6 times of that of the fire-fighting water agent, has a fire-extinguishing area which is 3 to 5 times of that of the traditional fire-fighting water agent (water and foam), has better anti-reburning capability, and the traditional water fire-fighting cooling requires continuous water spraying and has poorer anti-reburning capability. Therefore, compared with the existing water spraying and cooling method, the gel water film has an additional flame-retardant heat-insulating effect, plays a role in rapidly flame-retardant heat-insulating protection on the protected storage tank and the pipeline system, and greatly reduces the possibility of secondary disasters such as combustion and explosion of the storage tank.
Optionally, the powder conveying assembly further comprises a second sending tank, the water conveying assembly further comprises a second water conveying pipe, the pneumatic driving piece is communicated with the second sending tank, the second sending tank is communicated with the second powder film forming spraying piece through a gas conveying pipe, and the second powder film forming spraying piece is communicated with the hydraulic driving piece through the second water conveying pipe.
By adopting the technical scheme, under the action of the second water powder film forming injection piece and the second sending tank, the first water powder film forming injection piece and the second water powder film forming injection piece can work simultaneously, so that the working efficiency is improved; meanwhile, the first water powder film forming spraying piece and the second water powder film forming spraying piece can be selected from different types of spraying devices so as to meet different working requirements, and meanwhile, the first water powder film forming spraying piece and the second water powder film forming spraying piece can also work independently, so that the practicability is improved.
Optionally, the powder conveying assembly further comprises a dust remover and a replenishing tank, wherein the dust remover is communicated with the replenishing tank, the first sending tank is communicated with the dust remover, and the second sending tank is communicated with the dust remover through a gas pipe.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, after emergency treatment is accomplished, need handle each sending jar, the high-pressure gas in the discharge sending jar promptly, at this moment, open the dust remover, the gas in each sending jar is discharged through the dust remover, collects the recovery in the supply jar with remaining water absorbent resin combined material simultaneously.
Optionally, the air pipe between the pneumatic driving part and the second sending tank is communicated with the air pipe between the pneumatic driving part and the first sending tank, the air pipe between the second sending tank and the second water powder film forming spraying part is communicated with the air pipe between the first sending tank and the first water powder film forming spraying part, and each air pipe is provided with an air inlet valve.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, each gas-supply pipe is annular setting and cooperation admission valve for gas can flow in the gas-supply pipe steadily, and the water-absorbent resin combined material and the gas homogeneous mixing of being convenient for simultaneously makes water-absorbent resin combined material be the flow state and carries steadily in the gas-supply pipe.
Optionally, the generation time of the gel state water film is 10s-20s, the thickness of the gel state water film is adjustable, and the film forming thickness range of the gel state water film is 3mm-30mm.
By adopting the technical scheme, the thickness of the gel state water film is adjustable, and the thickness of the gel state water film can be determined appropriately according to actual conditions so as to achieve the purpose of energy conservation. Meanwhile, the gel state water film is generated quickly, and can be formed and sprayed out quickly.
Optionally, the air supply assembly is used for conveying air, the air supply assembly comprises a fan, a frame and an air duct, the fan is installed on the frame, one end of the air duct is connected on the frame, and the air direction is consistent with the axis of the air duct.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, with the help of the high-speed amount of wind and the wind pressure that increase Cheng Fengji of axial-flow induction will be flowed the air of large-traffic and throw and leak the liquid pool surface, through the mechanical turbulence effect and the vaporization steam heat transfer effect of air, make liquid methane (liquid hydrogen) steam temperature rise, gaseous cloud cluster density reduce, can play certain lifting effect to the deposit cloud cluster that forms, prevent that it from accumulating along the earth's surface and diffusing, accelerate its upward dilution diffusion, thereby reduce ground gas concentration below the explosion limit, reduce the possibility of taking place the explosion accident, guarantee disposal personnel personal safety simultaneously.
Optionally, the air duct includes a first air duct and a second air duct, the second air duct is located between the first air duct and the frame, and the first air duct is tapered.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the motion track of air current can be restrained to conical first dryer, improves the speed of air current in the horizontal direction, can effectively retrain the amount of wind, reduces energy loss.
Optionally, the first air duct and the second air duct are coaxially arranged, and the first air duct is cylindrical.
By adopting the technical scheme, the coaxial cylindrical second air duct can enable the air flow velocity in the air duct to be distributed in a stepwise manner (high outside and low inside), so as to restrict the movement track of air.
Optionally, the air supply device further comprises a lifting device, wherein the lifting device can change the height of the air supply assembly.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, lifting device can lift the fan to required height (15 m apart from ground), can be favorable to blowing off liquid methane gas fast, improves treatment effeciency.
Optionally, an aerospace chemical fuel leakage emergency disposal method comprises the following steps:
emergency plan handling analysis;
adding the water-absorbent resin composite material into the first sending tank and the second sending tank respectively;
moving the system to a proper position;
the hydraulic driving piece is connected with an external water source;
adjusting the lifting device to a proper height;
turning on a fan to directionally convey a large amount of air to a leakage area, and forcibly diluting and diffusing leakage gas to control the concentration of the leakage gas below a combustible explosion limit;
starting the hydraulic driving piece and the pneumatic driving piece to form a gel state water film within 10s-20 s;
controlling the first water powder film forming spraying part and the second water powder film forming spraying part to spray the gel water film onto the leaked or protected low-temperature fuel storage tank body;
after the treatment is completed, the first and second sending tanks are cleaned using a dust remover.
By adopting the technical scheme, when leakage accidents occur to the low-temperature propellant (liquid methane and liquid hydrogen) on site, the emergency disposal method comprises the following steps: first, emergency plan handling analysis: quickly determining the site situation and making a judgment; secondly, adding the water-absorbent resin composite material into the first sending tank and the second sending tank respectively; thirdly, the system is moved to a proper position so as to ensure the safety of personnel; fourth, the hydraulic driving piece is connected with an external water source; fifthly, adjusting the lifting device to a proper height; sixthly, a fan is turned on to directionally convey a large amount of air to a leakage area, so that leakage gas is forcedly diluted and diffused, and the concentration of the leakage gas is controlled below the combustible explosion limit; seventh, the hydraulic driving piece and the pneumatic driving piece are started to form a gel state water film within 10s-20 s; eighth, control the first water powder film forming spray piece and second water powder film forming spray piece, spray the gel state water film to leak or protected low-temperature fuel storage tank body; finally, after the treatment is completed, the first and second sending tanks are cleaned using a dust remover. On one hand, the axial flow induced high-pressure range-extending air supply technology is utilized to quickly blow air to a leakage accident source, so that volatile gas of the leakage source is quickly diluted and diffused below an explosion limit; on the other hand, the gel water film is directionally sprayed to the leakage storage tank body or the surrounding non-leakage (unburned) storage tank body, so that the rapid flame-retardant heat-insulating protection effect on the target protection storage tank and the pipeline system is achieved. Therefore, the leakage emergency treatment capability of the aerospace low-temperature chemical fuel can be improved, the occurrence of secondary disaster accidents such as combustion, explosion and the like caused by leakage can be effectively avoided, and favorable conditions are provided for subsequent rescue of the accidents.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. in the application, for emergency prevention and control treatment of liquid methane (liquid hydrogen) low-temperature fuel leakage accidents, chemical means such as oxidative decomposition, reduction modification, adsorption solidification, neutralization reaction and the like are not easy to realize due to high chemical stability, and when leakage accidents of other normal-temperature chemicals cannot be imitated by a prevention and control technical route, targeted chemical decontamination treatment is adopted, so that the basic law of leakage and diffusion of liquid methane (liquid hydrogen) is needed, and the following two aspects are mainly solved: firstly, forcibly feeding air to a liquid methane (liquid hydrogen) leakage source by using a high-pressure air feeding technology, and forcibly diluting and diffusing the leakage source to control the concentration of leakage diffusion gas to be below the combustible explosion limit; secondly, a gel-state water film with flame-retardant and heat-insulating functions is sprayed on the surface of the tank body of the protected storage tank, so that the rapid flame-retardant and heat-insulating protection effect is achieved on the target storage tank and the pipeline system, secondary disasters such as flash evaporation and explosion and the like caused by overhigh temperature in the storage tank are effectively avoided, and favorable conditions are created for subsequent rescue of accidents;
2. the application designs a spin-jet coupling water/powder quick film forming and a spraying system thereof, and the high water absorption resin composite material (powder) can form a gel-state water film with adjustable thickness of 3-30 mm within 20 seconds after being combined with water, and can be sprayed on a storage tank in a long-distance orientation manner, and a hydrogel film-shaped coating layer is formed on the surface of the storage tank, so that the effects of flame retardance, heat insulation and cooling protection are achieved. The rotary jet coupling system integrates the technologies of cyclone mixing, fixed ratio throwing, axial flow induction, high-pressure air-water/powder anti-blocking technology and the like, so that water/powder raw materials are quickly mixed and react at a certain position of a muzzle outlet to generate a gel-state water film with stable required granularity distribution and film forming thickness;
3. be provided with axial compressor in this application and increase Cheng Fengji air supply system, this system is with the help of axial fan's amount of wind and wind pressure with the air of large-traffic air throw leak the liquid pool surface, through the mechanical turbulence effect of air and vaporization steam heat transfer effect, make liquid methane (liquid hydrogen) vapor temperature rise, gaseous cloud cluster density reduce, can play certain lifting effect to the deposit cloud cluster that forms, prevent that it from accumulating along the earth's surface and diffusing, accelerate its upward dilution diffusion, thereby reduce ground gas concentration and prevent to take place the explosion accident, guarantee disposal personnel personal safety simultaneously.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a mobile emergency disposal system for aerospace cryogenic chemical fuel leakage in the present application;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the aerospace cryogenic chemical fuel leak mobile emergency treatment system of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a water/powder rapid prototyping apparatus in the present application;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the instant water/powder quick film forming apparatus with the first water powder film forming spray member hidden;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of water flow and gas in the water/powder rapid prototyping apparatus of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of an air supply assembly of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a front view of an air supply assembly of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a method of emergency disposal of a aerospace cryogenic chemical fuel leak in the present application.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1. a mobile vehicle body; 2. a water/powder rapid film forming device; 21. a powder conveying component; 211. a pneumatic driving member; 212. a first sending tank; 213. a second transmitting tank; 214. a replenishing tank; 215. a dust remover; 22. a water delivery assembly; 221. a hydraulic drive; 222. a first water pipe; 223. a second water pipe; 23. a first water powder film forming spray member; 24. a second water powder film forming spray member; 3. an air supply assembly; 31. a blower; 32. a frame; 33. an air duct; 331. a first air duct; 332. a second air duct; 4. a gas pipe; 5. and a lifting device.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below in conjunction with figures 1-8.
The embodiment of the application discloses portable emergent processing system of space flight low temperature chemical fuel leakage and processing method thereof, refer to fig. 1 and 2, the portable emergent processing system of space flight low temperature chemical fuel leakage includes portable automobile body 1, water/powder rapid prototyping device 2 and air supply subassembly 3 all set up on portable automobile body 1, water/powder rapid prototyping device 2 is used for the quick gel state water film that generates one kind and has fire-retardant thermal-insulated function, and can spray the gel state water film of formation on the basin jar body, air supply subassembly 3 is used for blowing a large amount of air to leaking accident source department fast.
When a low-temperature chemical fuel leakage accident occurs on site, the movable vehicle body 1 moves to the accident site rapidly, firstly, the air supply assembly 3 is used for blowing a large amount of air to the leakage accident source in a directional manner, so that the leakage source is diluted and diffused forcibly, and the volatile gas of the leakage source is diluted and diffused rapidly below the explosion limit, so that the control on the leakage source is realized; then the water/powder rapid film forming device 2 rapidly generates a gel state water film with flame-retardant and heat-insulating functions and directionally sprays the generated gel state water film to the leakage storage tank body or the surrounding non-leakage (non-combustion) storage tank body so as to realize flame-retardant and heat-insulating protection effect on the storage tank body; therefore, the emergency treatment capability of the leakage of the low-temperature chemical fuel in the aerospace is improved, accidents are timely controlled to be in a sprouting and initial state, and the possibility of occurrence of secondary disasters such as fire and explosion is reduced.
Specifically, referring to fig. 3 and 4, the water/powder rapid film forming device 2 includes a powder delivery assembly 21, a water delivery assembly 22 and a first water powder film forming spray member 23, the powder delivery assembly 21 is used for blowing a powdery water absorbent resin composite material into the first water powder film forming spray member 23, the water delivery assembly 22 is used for delivering water into the first water powder film forming spray member 23, and a gel-state water film is formed by reacting the water absorbent resin composite material (powder) with water, wherein the water absorbent resin composite material has a high water absorption function of absorbing hundreds to thousands times of water than the water absorbent resin composite material, and is a new flame-retardant and heat-insulating material with effectively unified particle size distribution and absorption rate. Therefore, the powder conveying component 21 conveys the water-absorbent resin composite material into the first water powder film forming spray piece 23, the water conveying component 22 conveys water into the first water powder film forming spray piece 23, the water conveying component and the water are mixed and reacted in the first water powder film forming spray piece 23 to generate a gel-state water film, and the gel-state water film is directionally sprayed on the storage tank body through the first water powder film forming spray piece 23.
Compared with the traditional fire extinguishing agent, the water/powder rapid film forming device 2 can save more than 90% of water, the fire retarding effect is more than 6 times of the fire extinguishing agent, and the fire extinguishing area is 3-5 times of the fire extinguishing area of the traditional fire extinguishing agent. Through testing, when the surface temperature of the storage tank reaches more than 800 ℃, the temperature of the back surface of the storage tank covered with the flame-retardant heat-insulating gel water film can be lower than 80 ℃. In the environment of 150 ℃, 50% of water is still sealed in a gel state network, so that the gel state water film covering layer has better anti-afterburning capability, the effective acting time can be longer than 24 hours, and the traditional water fire protection and cooling needs to continuously spray water, and the anti-afterburning capability is poor. And the gel-state water film is not jelly any more, so that the possibility that the first water powder film forming spray piece 23 cannot be used continuously due to the blocking of the spray outlet is reduced.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the powder delivery assembly 21 includes a pneumatic driving member 211 and a first delivery tank 212, the first delivery tank 212 is used for storing the water absorbent resin composite material, and the pneumatic driving member 211 and the first delivery tank 212 and the first powder water film forming spray member 23 are all communicated through a gas pipe 4. The water delivery assembly 22 comprises a hydraulic driving member 221 and a first water delivery pipe 222, and the first water powder film forming spraying member 23 is communicated with the hydraulic driving member 221 through the first water delivery pipe 222. Starting the pneumatic driving part 211 to continuously convey the gas into the gas pipe 4, and conveying the water-absorbent resin composite material in the first sending tank 212 into the first water powder film forming spraying part 23 through the gas pipe 4 under the action of the gas; meanwhile, the hydraulic driving part 221 is connected with an external water source (fire hydrant), and water is conveyed into the first water powder film forming spraying part 23 through the first water conveying pipe 222, so that the water absorbent resin composite material and the water combine and react in the first water powder film forming spraying part 23 to generate a gel-state water film, and the film forming speed is high. Of course, the water-absorbent resin composite and water may have combined to generate a gel-state water film before entering the first water powder film-forming spray member 23.
In particular, referring to fig. 3 and 4, the powder delivery assembly 21 further includes a second delivery tank 213, the water delivery assembly 22 further includes a second water pipe 223, the device further includes a second powder film forming spray member 24, the pneumatic driving member 211 is communicated with the second delivery tank 213, and the second delivery tank 213 is communicated with the second powder film forming spray member 24 through the air pipe 4, and the second powder film forming spray member 24 is communicated with the hydraulic driving member 221 through the second water pipe 223. Thus, the first water powder film forming spray piece 23 and the second water powder film forming spray piece 24 can work simultaneously, and the working efficiency is improved; meanwhile, the first water powder film forming spray piece 23 and the second water powder film forming spray piece 24 can be different types of spray devices so as to meet different working requirements, and meanwhile, the first water powder film forming spray piece 23 and the second water powder film forming spray piece 24 can also work independently, so that the practicability is improved.
It should be noted that, the first water powder film forming spray member 23 and the second water powder film forming spray member 24 may be different types of spray devices, or may be the same type of spray device. In this embodiment, the first water powder film-forming spray member 23 and the second water powder film-forming spray member 24 are described by taking a fire water monitor and a fire water monitor, respectively, as examples. The fire-fighting lance has a range far smaller than that of a fire-fighting lance, and can be used for coping with emergency situations occurring near the device. The fire water cannon can adopt an electric control type water cannon, can realize horizontal rotation, pitching and changing water flow injection modes, is provided with a 100-meter wireless remote control and a manual remote control of an operating platform, and can realize remote operation, so that the safety is higher. Of course, the first water powder film forming spray member 23 and the second water powder film forming spray member 24 may be fire water cannons.
The pneumatic driving element 211 and the hydraulic driving element 221 may be operated simultaneously, or the hydraulic driving element 221 may be operated separately. When the pneumatic driving piece 211 and the hydraulic driving piece 221 work simultaneously, the first water powder film forming spraying piece 23 and the second water powder film forming spraying piece 24 can spray out gel-state water films; when the force driving piece works independently, the first water powder film forming spraying piece 23 and the second water powder film forming spraying piece 24 only spray water to realize cooling, so that a proper mode can be selected according to actual requirements, and the versatility of the device is improved.
Of course, electric (pneumatic) regulating valves may be installed on the gas pipe 4 between the pneumatic driving member 211 and the first transmitting tank 212 and on the gas pipe 4 between the pneumatic driving member 211 and the second transmitting tank 213 to realize regulation of gas flow and pressure, thereby controlling the flow rate of powder delivery to realize constant-ratio delivery. According to the situation of the fire scene, the water-powder mixing concentration is regulated in real time, and the fire extinguishing effect is controlled in an optimal interval. Meanwhile, the thickness of the gel state water film is adjustable, and the film thickness range of the gel state water film is 3mm-30mm. Therefore, the thickness of the gel state water film can be determined according to actual conditions, so that the purpose of energy saving is achieved. Meanwhile, the gel state water film can be generated at a high speed, and the gel state water film can be generated within 10s-20s and sprayed out through the first water powder film forming spray piece 23 or the second water powder film forming spray piece 24.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, it should be noted that the air pipe 4 between the air driving member 211 and the second delivery tank 213 is communicated with the air pipe 4 between the air driving member 211 and the first delivery tank 212, the air pipe 4 between the second delivery tank 213 and the second powder film forming spray member 24 is communicated with the air pipe 4 between the first delivery tank 212 and the first powder film forming spray member 23, and an air intake valve (not shown) is provided on each air pipe 4. Thus, each air delivery pipe 4 can be in an annular arrangement and is matched with the air inlet valve, so that the air can stably flow in the air delivery pipe 4, and meanwhile, the water-absorbent resin composite material and the air are convenient to uniformly mix, so that the water-absorbent resin composite material is in a fluid state and is stably conveyed in the air delivery pipe 4.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the powder feeding assembly 21 further includes a supply tank 214, and the supply tank 214 and the air force driving member 211, the supply tank 214 and the first transmission tank 212, and the supply tank 214 and the second transmission tank 213 are all connected by an air pipe 4. When the pneumatic driver 211 is actuated, the air in the air pipe 4 transfers the water-absorbent resin composite material in the replenishment tank 214 to the first and second delivery tanks 212 and 213, respectively, so that the replenishment of the water-absorbent resin composite material in the first and second delivery tanks 212 and 213 is effected. Of course, the first delivery tank 212, the second delivery tank 213, and the replenishment tank 214 are each provided with a feed port, and the water-absorbent resin composite material can be fed into the first delivery tank 212, the second delivery tank 213, and the replenishment tank 214 through the feed ports.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the powder conveying assembly 21 further includes a dust remover 215, and the dust remover 215 is communicated with the replenishing tank 214, the first sending tank 212 is communicated with the dust remover 215, and the second sending tank 213 is communicated with the dust remover 215 through a gas pipe 4. When the emergency treatment is completed, the respective delivery tanks are required to be treated, that is, the gas in the first delivery tank 212 and the second delivery tank 213 is discharged to realize the pressure release, at this time, the dust remover 215 is opened, the gas in the first delivery tank 212 and the second delivery tank 213 is discharged through the dust remover 215, and the water absorbent resin composite material remaining in the first delivery tank 212 and the second delivery tank 213 is collected and recovered in the replenishment tank 214.
It should be noted that, the pneumatic driving member 211 is preferably a member capable of generating high-pressure gas, preferably an air compressor, and the gas generated by the air compressor has stronger driving force, so as to reduce the possibility of blocking. The hydraulic driving member 221 is preferably a water pump, and the water pump can realize rotational flow mixing, namely jet flow which generates rotational movement during liquid injection, so that the water flow is more rapidly expanded, entrainment is enhanced, a flow velocity field is more rapidly attenuated, and the water-absorbent resin composite material and water can be uniformly mixed. This enables the water-absorbent resin composite and water to be rapidly mixed and reacted at a position of the ejection outlet to produce a gel-state water film of a desired particle size distribution and a certain film-forming thickness.
Specifically, referring to fig. 6 and 7, the air supply assembly 3 includes a blower 31, a frame 32, and an air duct 33, the blower 31 is mounted on the frame 32, and one end of the air duct 33 is connected to the frame 32 in such a manner that the air direction coincides with the axis of the air duct 33. When the device is used, large-flow air is delivered to the vicinity of the tank body of the leakage storage tank by means of the air quantity and the air pressure of the fan 31, the temperature of liquid methane (liquid hydrogen) steam is increased, the density of gas cloud clusters is reduced by means of the mechanical turbulence action and the vaporization steam heat transfer action of the air, the formed deposition cloud clusters can be lifted to a certain extent, the deposition cloud clusters are prevented from accumulating and diffusing along the ground surface, the upward dilution and diffusion of the deposition cloud clusters are accelerated, the ground gas concentration is reduced to be below the explosion limit, explosion accidents are prevented, and the personal safety of disposal staff is ensured.
The blower assembly 3 may be provided in plural numbers. The fan can adopt an axial flow induced high-speed range-extending fan. In this embodiment, taking a maximum leakage rate of 2000L/min for a liquid methane tank as an example, the total gasification volume of liquid methane (liquid hydrogen) leakage is 0.6 ten thousand m calculated according to the accumulated leakage time of 5min 3 And/min, whereby an external dilution air volume of about 10.9 ten thousand cubic meters is required, calculated as the 5% concentration explosion limit. In this embodiment, two sets of air supply assemblies 3 are taken as an example, and the total amount of exhaust air is 2×14ten thousand m/h, so that the air supply system works normally for 20.5min to meet the treatment requirement of liquid methane (liquid hydrogen) leakage accidents.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, the air duct 33 includes a first air duct 331 and a second air duct 332, the second air duct 332 being located between the first air duct 331 and the frame 32, the first air duct 331 being tapered. The first air duct 331 with the conical shape can restrict the motion track of the air flow, improve the speed of the air flow in the horizontal direction, effectively restrict the air quantity and reduce the energy loss.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, the first air duct 331 and the second air duct 332 are coaxially disposed, and the first air duct 331 has a cylindrical shape. The coaxial cylindrical second air duct 332 can make the air flow velocity in the air duct 33 be distributed in a stepwise manner (with high outside and low inside), so as to restrict the movement track of the air.
Referring to fig. 1 and 6, when a liquid methane leakage accident occurs, air needs to be blown to a leakage accident source timely and rapidly, so that leakage gas is diluted and diffused to the lower limit of the explosion limit of the leakage gas rapidly, and in order to achieve the purpose of blowing off the leakage gas rapidly, a large amount of air is preferably sprayed to a target leakage source in a diving manner by the fan 31. Therefore, the air supply assembly 3 can be lifted to any height by the lifting device 5 to meet the working requirement.
Note that, the lifting device 5 is a lifting mechanism, and the lifting device 5 may be an aerial ladder, a telescopic arm, or the like, and in this embodiment, the lifting device 5 is not limited.
Of course, besides the conventional structure of the vehicle head, the vehicle carriage, wheels, a vehicle frame, a driving system and a chassis bearing system, the vehicle body further comprises an electric and control system, an electric control treatment system and other emergency treatment related instrument equipment, and the vehicle body further has the capabilities of automatic control and remote control on the premise of ensuring safety and stability, so that various automatic operations are ensured, unmanned operations are realized, and the safety of personnel is ensured. In this embodiment, the electrical control system adopts an intelligent safety control system that a PLC controls and CAN buses. The whole treatment system is provided with only one control terminal, wherein key system functions such as water powder film forming, axial flow air conveying, lifting conveying and the like can be displayed on the interface of the control terminal and can be controlled remotely. Of course, the driving system can be driven by multiple engines to realize efficient operation.
The car body is also provided with various alarm lamps, indicator lamps, illuminating lamps and the like so as to work in various environments. The alarm can be integrally operated in a cab, and has various functions such as fire alarm sound, flute sound, external shouting and the like. Of course, the vehicle body structure, the alarm, the electric control system, and the like all belong to structures or technologies known to those skilled in the art, and in this embodiment, detailed description is omitted.
The implementation principle of the mobile emergency disposal system for the leakage of the aerospace low-temperature chemical fuel is as follows: when a low-temperature chemical fuel leakage accident occurs on site, the device can be quickly moved to a safe distance from an accident leakage source, on one hand, the lifting device 5 lifts the fan 31 to a proper height (15 m from the ground), and the fan 31 quickly blows air to the leakage accident source, so that volatile gas of the leakage source is quickly diluted and diffused below an explosion limit; on the other hand, the pneumatic driving member 211 and the hydraulic driving member 221 are utilized to combine the water-absorbent resin composite material and water to form a gel-state water film, and then the generated gel-state water film is directionally sprayed to the leakage storage tank body or the surrounding non-leakage (unburned) storage tank body, so that the rapid flame-retardant heat-insulating protection effect is achieved on the target protection storage tank and the pipeline system. Therefore, the emergency treatment capability of the leakage of the low-temperature chemical fuel in the aerospace can be improved, accidents are timely controlled to be in a sprouting and initial state, secondary disaster accidents such as combustion and explosion caused by leakage are effectively avoided, and favorable conditions are provided for subsequent rescue of the accidents.
The embodiment of the application also discloses an aerospace low-temperature chemical fuel leakage emergency treatment method. Referring to fig. 8, the aerospace chemical fuel leakage emergency treatment method includes the steps of:
s1, emergency plan treatment analysis;
the on-site situation is analyzed, the leakage source is determined, the leakage gas quantity is estimated, whether secondary accidents such as combustion and explosion are easy to cause or not is judged, and workers are protected safely and are in a standby state.
S2, adding the water-absorbent resin composite material into the first sending tank 212 and the second sending tank 213 respectively;
equipment debugging is performed, the output flow and pressure of gas are determined, the water-powder mixing concentration is regulated in real time according to the situation of a fire scene, and the fire extinguishing effect is controlled in an optimal interval.
S3, moving the system to a proper position;
the device is moved to a safe area 80m-100m from the leakage source, which should be located upwind.
S4, connecting the hydraulic driving piece 221 with an external water source;
s5, adjusting the lifting device 5 to a proper height;
s6, opening a fan 31, directionally conveying a large amount of air to the leakage area, and forcibly diluting and diffusing the leakage gas to control the concentration of the leakage gas to be below the combustible explosion limit;
s7, starting the hydraulic driving piece 221 and the pneumatic driving piece 211 to form a gel state water film in 10S-20S;
according to the working requirement, valves on the corresponding air delivery pipes 4 and valves on the first water delivery pipe 222 and the second water delivery pipe 223 are opened, so that the water-absorbent resin composite material and water can combine and react in the first water powder film forming spray piece 23 or the second water powder film forming spray piece 24 for 10s-20s to generate a gel state water film.
S8, controlling the first spraying piece 23 and the second spraying piece 24 to spray a gel state water film on the leaked or protected low-temperature fuel storage tank body;
the control of the first and second water powder film forming spray members 23 and 24 may be controlled remotely, i.e., the spray angle of the first and second water powder film forming spray members 23 and 24 may be controlled in a safe area by a worker using a wireless device.
It should be noted that the sequence of the steps five to eight may be adjusted: firstly, the lifting device 5 is adjusted to a proper height, then the fan 31 is turned on to convey a large amount of air to a leakage area, then the hydraulic driving piece 221 and the pneumatic driving piece 211 are started to form a gel-state water film, finally the first water powder film forming spraying piece 23 and the second water powder film forming spraying piece 24 are controlled, and the gel-state water film is sprayed on the leakage tank body. Of course, the fifth step and the seventh step may be performed simultaneously. Since it is generally necessary to control the leakage source first, the order of steps five to eight is preferable in this embodiment.
S9, cleaning the first and second sending tanks 212 and 213 using a dust remover 215.
The dust collector 215 is opened, and the gas in the first and second sending tanks 212 and 213 is discharged through the dust collector 215, and the water-absorbent resin composite material remaining in the first and second sending tanks 212 and 213 is collected and recovered in the replenishment tank 214.
The implementation principle of the aerospace low-temperature chemical fuel leakage emergency treatment method provided by the embodiment of the application is as follows: when leakage accidents of low-temperature propellant (liquid methane and liquid hydrogen) occur on site, the emergency disposal method comprises the following steps: first, emergency plan handling analysis: quickly determining the site situation and making a judgment; second, the water-absorbent resin composite is added to the first and second delivery tanks 212 and 213, respectively; thirdly, the system is moved to a proper position so as to ensure the safety of personnel; fourth, the hydraulic driving member 221 is connected to an external water source; fifth, the lifting device 5 is adjusted to a proper height; sixthly, the fan 31 is turned on to directionally convey a large amount of air to the leakage area, so that leakage gas is forcedly diluted and diffused, and the concentration of the leakage gas is controlled below the combustible explosion limit; seventh, the hydraulic driving piece 221 and the pneumatic driving piece 211 are started to form gel-state water films in 10s-20 s; eighth, the first injection piece 23 and the second injection piece 24 are controlled to inject gel-state water film onto the leaked or protected low-temperature fuel storage tank; finally, after the treatment is completed, the first and second transfer tanks 212 and 213 are cleaned using a dust remover 215. On one hand, the axial flow induced high-pressure range-extending air supply technology is utilized to quickly blow air to a leakage accident source, so that volatile gas of the leakage source is quickly diluted and diffused below an explosion limit; on the other hand, the gel water film is directionally sprayed to the leakage storage tank body or the surrounding non-leakage (unburned) storage tank body, so that the rapid flame-retardant heat-insulating protection effect on the target protection storage tank and the pipeline system is achieved. Therefore, the emergency treatment capability of the leakage of the low-temperature chemical fuel in the aerospace can be improved, accidents are timely controlled to be in a sprouting and initial state, secondary disaster accidents such as combustion and explosion caused by leakage are effectively avoided, and favorable conditions are provided for subsequent rescue of the accidents.
The foregoing are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in any way, therefore: all equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered in the protection scope of this application.
Claims (10)
1. Aerospace low temperature chemical fuel leakage mobile emergency disposal system, its characterized in that: comprises a powder conveying component (21), a water conveying component (22) and a first water powder film forming spray piece (23);
the powder conveying assembly (21) is used for blowing powdery water-absorbent resin composite materials into the first water-powder film forming spraying piece (23), the powder conveying assembly (21) comprises a pneumatic driving piece (211) and a first sending tank (212), the first sending tank (212) is used for storing the water-absorbent resin composite materials, and the pneumatic driving piece (211) and the first sending tank (212) and the first water-powder film forming spraying piece (23) are communicated through a gas conveying pipe (4);
the water delivery assembly (22) comprises a hydraulic driving part (221) and a first water delivery pipe (222), and the first water powder film forming injection part (23) is communicated with the hydraulic driving part (221) through the first water delivery pipe (222);
the water-absorbent resin composite material can be combined with water to quickly form a gel-state water film with flame-retardant and heat-insulating functions.
2. The aerospace cryogenic chemical fuel leak mobile emergency disposal system of claim 1, wherein: still include second fine water film formation injection spare (24), defeated powder subassembly (21) still include second send jar (213), defeated water subassembly (22) still include second raceway (223), pneumatic drive spare (211) with between second send jar (213) with between second fine water film formation injection spare (24) all communicate through gas-supply pipe (4), second fine water film formation injection spare (24) with between hydraulic drive spare (221) pass through second raceway (223) intercommunication.
3. The aerospace cryogenic chemical fuel leak mobile emergency disposal system of claim 2, wherein: the powder conveying assembly (21) further comprises a dust remover (215) and a replenishing tank (214), and the dust remover (215) is communicated with the replenishing tank (214), the first sending tank (212) is communicated with the dust remover (215), and the second sending tank (213) is communicated with the dust remover (215) through a gas pipe (4).
4. A mobile emergency disposal system for a leakage of a cryogenic chemical fuel for aerospace according to claim 3, wherein: the pneumatic device is characterized in that a gas pipe (4) between the pneumatic driving piece (211) and the second sending tank (213) is communicated with the gas pipe (4) between the pneumatic driving piece (211) and the first sending tank (212), the gas pipe (4) between the second sending tank (213) and the second water powder film forming spraying piece (24) is communicated with the gas pipe (4) between the first sending tank (212) and the first water powder film forming spraying piece (23), and each gas pipe (4) is provided with a gas inlet valve.
5. The aerospace cryogenic chemical fuel leak mobile emergency disposal system of claim 1, wherein: the generation time of the gel state water film is 10s-20s, the thickness of the gel state water film is adjustable, and the film thickness range of the gel state water film is 3mm-30mm.
6. The aerospace cryogenic chemical fuel leak mobile emergency disposal system of claim 1, wherein: the air supply device is characterized by further comprising an air supply assembly (3) for conveying air, wherein the air supply assembly (3) comprises a fan (31), a frame (32) and an air duct (33), the fan (31) is installed on the frame (32), one end of the air duct (33) is connected to the frame (32), and the air direction is consistent with the axis of the air duct (33).
7. The aerospace cryogenic chemical fuel leak mobile emergency disposal system of claim 6, wherein: the air duct (33) comprises a first air duct (331) and a second air duct (332), the second air duct (332) is located between the first air duct (331) and the frame (32), and the first air duct (331) is conical.
8. The aerospace cryogenic chemical fuel leak mobile emergency disposal system of claim 7, wherein: the first air duct (331) and the second air duct (332) are coaxially arranged, and the first air duct (331) is cylindrical.
9. The aerospace cryogenic chemical fuel leak mobile emergency disposal system of claim 6, wherein: the air supply device further comprises a lifting device (5), wherein the lifting device (5) can change the height of the air supply assembly (3).
10. An aerospace chemical fuel leakage emergency treatment method, which adopts the aerospace low-temperature chemical fuel leakage mobile emergency treatment system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, and is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
emergency plan handling analysis;
adding the water-absorbent resin composite material into the first delivery tank (212) and the second delivery tank (213), respectively;
moving the system to a proper position;
the hydraulic driving piece (221) is connected with an external water source;
adjusting the lifting device (5) to a proper height;
opening a fan (31) to directionally convey a large amount of air to the leakage area, and forcibly diluting, diffusing and leaking gas so as to control the concentration of the leaked gas below the flammable and explosive limit;
starting the hydraulic driving piece (221) and the pneumatic driving piece (211) to form a gel water film in 20 s;
controlling the first water powder film forming spraying part (23) and the second water powder film forming spraying part (24) to spray gel-state water film on the leaked or protected low-temperature fuel storage tank body;
after the treatment is completed, the first transfer tank (212) and the second transfer tank (213) are cleaned using a dust remover (215).
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