CN117266944B - Adiabatic compressed air energy storage system based on temperature control of air storage tank - Google Patents
Adiabatic compressed air energy storage system based on temperature control of air storage tank Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 172
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 18
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage, and discloses an adiabatic compressed air energy storage system based on temperature control of an air storage tank. According to the invention, the temperature of the air storage tank is controlled, the hot water is heated by the waste heat in the energy release process, and then the hot water is sprayed into the air storage tank to heat the air, so that the temperature of the air in the air storage tank can be increased, the density of the air in the tank can be reduced, the exhaust amount of the air storage tank is increased, the effective air storage density of the air storage tank is improved, and the investment cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to an adiabatic compressed air energy storage system based on temperature control of an air storage tank.
Background
With the increasing prominence of energy environmental problems, renewable energy sources such as wind energy, solar energy and the like are increasingly valued, but the problems of volatility and randomness of the renewable energy sources, insufficient peak shaving capacity of the existing power grid and the like bring great challenges to the development of the renewable energy sources. The energy storage system is used as a transition system between the power plant and the power grid, and can effectively solve the problem of grid connection of renewable energy sources. In addition, the energy storage system can also smooth the load fluctuation of the power grid, and improve the safety and the controllability of the power grid.
The constant-volume gas storage technology is widely applied to the adiabatic compressed air energy storage system due to the simple structure and maturity. However, during the energy release process, i.e., the air release process, the temperature of the air in the constant volume air tank decreases with decreasing pressure, resulting in an increase in the density of the air in the air tank, and an increase in the mass of air remaining in the air tank, i.e., a decrease in the displacement of the air tank. Therefore, the effective gas storage density of the gas storage tank is low, so that the investment cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and disadvantages of the prior art, the present invention provides an adiabatic compressed air energy storage system based on temperature control of an air storage tank, which solves the technical problem that the effective air storage density of the air storage tank of the existing adiabatic compressed air energy storage system is low.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the heat-insulating compressed air energy storage system based on the temperature control of the air storage tank comprises an energy storage unit, an energy release unit, a liquid heat recovery unit and the air storage tank, wherein a water inlet, an air inlet, a water outlet and an air outlet are formed in the air storage tank; the liquid backheating unit comprises a cold storage water tank connected with the water outlet, a heat storage water tank connected with the water inlet and a first heat exchanger group for heating the cold storage water tank, wherein two ends of the first heat exchanger group are respectively connected with the cold storage water tank and the heat storage water tank, cold water flowing out of the cold storage water tank is heated after passing through the first heat exchanger group, and then enters the heat storage water tank, and the first heat exchanger group is a multi-stage first heat exchanger; the plurality of air tanks are provided, water is arranged in each air tank, the water outlets of the air tanks are connected in series through a pipeline, and a first throttle valve is arranged on the pipeline; when high-pressure air of the energy storage unit starts to be injected into the air storage tank, air and water pressure in the air storage tank start to rise, when the air storage tank reaches the maximum pressure, the first throttle valve is opened, water in the air storage tank is discharged out of the air storage tank through the water outlet, at the moment, the air storage tank is in a constant-pressure state, the discharged water is stored in the cold storage water tank, cold water in the cold storage water tank is heated through the first heat exchanger group and is stored in the heat storage water tank, and hot water in the heat storage water tank is connected with the water inlet of the air storage tank through a pipeline;
the energy storage unit comprises a motor, a gas compressor set, a second heat exchanger set for exchanging heat of compressed air and a gas-liquid separator set for separating gas and liquid, wherein the gas compressor set is a multi-stage gas compressor, the second heat exchanger set is a multi-stage second heat exchanger, and the gas-liquid separator set is a multi-stage gas-liquid separator; the air inlet of the air compressor is connected with the air compressor and the motor respectively, the motor is connected with the front air compressor by utilizing electric power generated by renewable energy sources or non-peak electric power of a power plant so as to enable air to be heated and boosted under the compression of the air compressor, the air outlet of the air compressor is sequentially connected with the front second heat exchanger and the front gas-liquid separator, the air outlet of the front gas-liquid separator is connected with the next stage of the air compressor, the air with high pressure, low temperature and low humidity separated by the rear gas-liquid separator is connected with the air storage tank through a pipeline, and liquid water of the gas-liquid separator is separated from the bottom of the gas-liquid separator;
the energy release unit comprises a generator, a turbine set and a third heat exchanger set for exchanging heat of compressed air, the turbine set comprises a multi-stage turbine, the third heat exchanger set is a multi-stage third heat exchanger, the air outlets of the air storage tanks are connected in series through pipelines and are provided with second throttling valves which are electrically connected with each other, high-pressure air generated in the air storage tanks flows from the second throttling valves to constant air, then enters the third heat exchanger arranged in front through pipelines, then enters the turbine arranged in front to expand, the tail end of the turbine arranged in front is connected with the next stage of the third heat exchanger, and the turbine arranged behind is in driving connection with the generator to generate electric energy.
Preferably, the heat storage unit further comprises a heat storage unit, wherein the heat storage unit comprises a hot oil tank for absorbing and storing the heat of the energy storage unit and providing the heat of the energy release unit and a cold oil tank for recovering and storing the redundant waste heat of the energy release unit and the liquid backheating unit.
Preferably, the heat storage unit further comprises a first oil pump and a second oil pump, wherein the first oil pump drives the high-temperature medium to enter the energy storage unit to absorb heat and then store the heat in the hot oil tank, and drives the high-temperature medium to flow out of the hot oil tank and provide heat for the energy release unit; the second oil pump drives the high-temperature medium to enter the energy release unit and the liquid heat regeneration unit to absorb redundant heat and then store the redundant heat in the cold oil tank, and drives the high-temperature medium to mix the outflow waste heat of the cold oil tank with the compression heat of the energy storage unit, and the first oil pump drives the high-temperature medium to enter the hot oil tank.
Preferably, the high-temperature medium working medium is 1 or a mixture of at least 2 of water, alcohols, molten salt, heat conducting oil, ion-like fluid and phase change material.
Preferably, the heat of the second heat exchanger drives the high-temperature medium to be transmitted and stored into the hot oil tank through the first oil pump; and the high-temperature medium in the cold oil tank is driven to be conveyed into the second heat exchanger through the first oil pump.
Preferably, the heat in the hot oil tank drives the high-temperature medium to be conveyed into the third heat exchanger through the second oil pump; the waste heat in the third heat exchanger and the waste heat of the air exhaust gas of the turbine outlet arranged at the back are respectively conveyed to the first heat exchanger for heating the cold storage water tank, and the waste heat of the first heat exchanger and the waste heat of the third heat exchanger outlet drive the high-temperature medium to be transmitted and stored into the cold storage oil tank through the second oil pump.
Preferably, the liquid backheating unit further comprises a first water pump for driving cold water in the cold storage water tank to flow into the first heat exchanger group for heat exchange and a second water pump for driving hot water in the heat storage water tank to flow into the water inlet, wherein the first water pump is arranged between the cold storage water tank and the first heat exchanger group, and the second water pump is arranged between the heat storage water tank and the water inlet.
Preferably, a water turbine for recovering high-pressure water potential energy in the air storage tank is further arranged between the water outlet and the cold storage water tank.
By adopting the design scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the temperature of the air storage tank is controlled, hot water is heated by waste heat in the energy release process, and hot water is sprayed into the air storage tank to heat air, so that the temperature of the air in the air storage tank can be increased, the density of the air in the tank can be reduced, the exhaust amount of the air storage tank is increased, the effective air storage density of the air storage tank is improved, and the investment cost is reduced;
2. the air in the air storage tank is heated by the waste heat of the high-temperature medium and the outlet air of the turbine unit, so that the waste heat is utilized, and the energy waste is reduced;
3. the air in the air storage tank is discharged partially through high-pressure water extrusion, and water is discharged by utilizing the pressure of the air in the energy storage process, so that the variable-capacity air storage tank belongs to variable-capacity air storage and can store more air;
4. in the energy storage process, the potential energy of the high-pressure water is recovered, and the circulating efficiency of the system is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the present invention;
in the figure: the air storage tank 1, the water inlet 11, the water outlet 12, the air inlet 13, the air outlet 14, the spraying device 15, the first throttle valve 16, the second throttle valve 17, the water turbine 18, the motor 21, the first-stage compressor 221, the second-stage compressor 222, the first-stage second heat exchanger 231, the second-stage second heat exchanger 232, the first-stage gas-liquid separator 241, the second-stage gas-liquid separator 242, the generator 31, the first-stage turbine 321, the second-stage turbine 322, the first-stage third heat exchanger 331, the second-stage third heat exchanger 332, the cold storage water tank 41, the first water pump 411, the heat storage water tank 42, the second water pump 421, the first-stage first heat exchanger 431, the second-stage first heat exchanger 432, the first oil pump 51, the second oil pump 52, the cold oil tank 53 and the hot oil tank 54.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, an adiabatic compressed air energy storage system based on temperature control of an air storage tank includes an energy storage unit, an energy release unit, a liquid heat recovery unit and the air storage tank 1, wherein the air storage tank 1 is multiple, and a certain amount of water is provided in the initial air storage tank 1, and each air storage tank 1 is provided with a water inlet 11, a water outlet 12, an air inlet 13 and an air outlet 14. The water outlets 12 of the air reservoirs 1 are connected in series by a pipeline and a first throttle valve 16 is arranged on the pipeline.
The liquid heat regenerating unit includes a cold storage water tank 41 connected to the water outlet 12, a heat storage water tank 42 connected to the water inlet 11, and a first heat exchanger group (in this embodiment, two stages of first heat exchangers, namely a first stage first heat exchanger 431 and a second stage first heat exchanger 432) for heating the cold storage water tank 41, wherein the first stage first heat exchanger 431 and the second stage first heat exchanger 432 are respectively connected to the cold storage water tank 41 and the heat storage water tank 42, and cold water flowing out from the cold storage water tank 41 is heated after passing through the first stage first heat exchanger 431 and the second stage first heat exchanger 432, and then enters the heat storage water tank 42.
The water in the cold-storage water tank 41 is driven by the first water pump 411, and the air exhaust gas waste heat from the outlet of the second turbine 322 (described in detail below) is absorbed in the first heat exchanger 431 and the heat transfer oil waste heat from the outlet of the third heat exchanger group (described in detail below) of the energy release unit is absorbed in the second first heat exchanger 432, respectively, and the mixed hot water (about 80-95 ℃) is stored in the cold-storage water tank 42 and is used when the pressure in the air storage tank 1 is slightly higher than the exhaust pressure. The temperature of the air in the air tank 1 decreases with the decrease of the pressure, and when the air pressure in the air tank 1 decreases to a level slightly higher than the outlet pressure (2-5 bar) of the second throttle valve 17, the hot water in the heat storage water tank 42 is pressurized to a level slightly higher than the pressure of the air in the air tank 1 by the second water pump 421, and then sprayed into the air tank 1 by the spraying device 15 provided in the air tank 1 for heating the air. With the injection of the high-pressure hot water, the air in the air storage tank 1 can be continuously discharged, and the air density is reduced due to the rising of the air temperature in the air storage tank 1, and finally the air quality remained in the air storage tank 1 is reduced, namely the air quality discharged from the air storage tank 1 is increased, and the effective air storage density of the air storage tank 1 is improved; in addition, the injection of hot water can also replace part of air in the air storage tank 1, so that the effective air storage density is further improved.
When high-pressure air in the energy storage unit starts to be injected into the air storage tank 1, the air and water pressure in the air storage tank 1 start to rise; when the pressure of the air storage tank 1 reaches the maximum pressure of air storage, the first throttle valve 16 is opened, high-pressure water in the air storage tank 1 is discharged from the water outlet 12 and drives the water turbine 18 to generate power, high-pressure air in the energy storage unit still continuously enters the air storage tank 1 at the moment, but the water in the air storage tank 1 is discharged out of the air storage tank 1 through the water outlet 12, so that a storage space is provided for the entering air, the air storage tank 1 is in a constant pressure state at the moment, and after the water in the air storage tank 1 is emptied, the energy storage process of the system is finished.
Further, the energy storage unit includes a motor 21, a compressor unit, and a second heat exchanger unit for exchanging heat of compressed air, and a gas-liquid separator unit for separating gas and liquid, the compressor unit is a multi-stage compressor unit (in this embodiment, a two-stage compressor is adopted, which is a one-stage compressor 221 and a two-stage compressor 222, respectively), the second heat exchanger unit is a multi-stage second heat exchanger (in this embodiment, a two-stage second heat exchanger is adopted, which is a one-stage second heat exchanger 231 and a two-stage second heat exchanger 232, respectively), and the gas-liquid separator unit is a multi-stage gas-liquid separator (in this embodiment, a two-stage gas-liquid separator is adopted, which is a one-stage gas-liquid separator 241 and a two-stage gas-liquid separator 242, respectively).
The electric motor 21 is driven by electricity generated by renewable energy sources or off-peak electricity from a power plant to connect the primary compressor 221 and the secondary compressor 222 so that humid air in the environment is compressed in the primary compressor 221 and then cooled in the primary second heat exchanger 231 to near ambient temperature, the dew point temperature of the compressed air will increase, causing water vapor in the air to condense near ambient temperature. Thus, the wet air at the outlet of the first stage second heat exchanger 231 enters the first stage gas-liquid separator 241, the liquid water is separated from the bottom of the first stage gas-liquid separator 241, the air with low humidity continues to be compressed in the second stage compressor 222 and cooled in the second stage second heat exchanger 232, and is subjected to the second gas-liquid separation in the second stage gas-liquid separator 242, the liquid water of the second stage gas-liquid separator 242 is separated from the bottom of the second stage gas-liquid separator 242, and the air with high pressure, low temperature and low humidity enters the air storage tank 1 through the pipeline.
Further, the energy release unit includes a generator 31, a turbine unit, and a third heat exchanger group for exchanging heat of the compressed air, the turbine unit includes a multi-stage turbine (in this embodiment, a two-stage turbine is adopted, namely, a first-stage turbine 321 and a second-stage turbine 322), and the third heat exchanger group includes a multi-stage third heat exchanger (in this embodiment, a two-stage third heat exchanger is adopted, namely, a first-stage third heat exchanger 331 and a second-stage third heat exchanger 332).
The high-pressure air in the air storage tank 1 is throttled to a specific pressure by the second throttle valve 17, the air is kept to enter the turbine at a constant pressure, the throttled air is heated in the first-stage third heat exchanger 331, and then enters the high-pressure first-stage turbine 321 to expand and drive the generator 31 to generate electricity; the air exiting the primary turbine 321 continues to be heated in the secondary third heat exchanger 332 and then enters the low pressure secondary turbine 322 for expansion, the purpose of the heating being to allow the turbine to output higher power.
Further, the embodiment further includes a heat storage unit, the heat storage unit includes a first oil pump 51, a second oil pump 52, a hot oil tank 54 and a cold oil tank 53, the compression heat of the air in the first-stage second heat exchanger 231 and the second-stage second heat exchanger 232 is absorbed by the heat conduction oil from the cold oil tank 53, and then is sent to the hot oil tank 54 for storage through the first oil pump 51, then the second oil pump 52 drives the heat conduction oil to provide heating heat for the first-stage third heat exchanger 331 and the second-stage third heat exchanger 332, and the heat conduction oil at the outlet of the second-stage third heat exchanger 332 still has a certain amount of waste heat for heating the cold water from the cold storage water tank 41 in the second-stage first heat exchanger 432, and then the heat conduction oil at the outlet of the second-stage first heat exchanger 432 is mixed with the heat conduction oil at the outlet of the first-stage third heat exchanger 331 and is sent to the cold oil tank 53 for storage through the second oil pump 52.
The system firstly utilizes water to recycle and store exhaust heat of the second-stage third heat exchanger 332 of the turbine in the energy release process and partially incompletely utilized air compression waste heat, when the pressure of the air storage tank 1 is reduced to be slightly higher than the outlet pressure of the second throttle valve 17, hot water of the heat storage water tank 42 is injected into the air storage tank 1, the air temperature in the air storage tank 1 is improved, the density of air in the air storage tank 1 can be reduced, the exhaust gas quantity of the air storage tank 1 is increased, and therefore the effective air storage density of the air storage tank 1 is improved, and the investment cost is reduced. In addition, the injection of hot water can also replace part of air in the air storage tank 1, so that the effective air storage density is further improved; in addition, in the energy storage process, water is discharged out of the storage tank in a high-pressure mode and drives the water turbine to generate power, part of work is recovered, and power consumption caused by water injection into the air storage tank 1 is counteracted.
The invention relates to an adiabatic compressed air energy storage system based on temperature control of an air storage tank, which comprises the following operation processes:
in the beginning of the energy storage process, the primary compressor 221 and the secondary compressor 222 are driven with the electricity generated by the renewable energy source or the off-peak electricity of the power plant. The humid air in the environment is first compressed in the primary compressor 221 and then cooled to near ambient temperature in the primary second heat exchanger 231. The dew point temperature of the compressed air increases, causing the water vapor in the air to condense near ambient temperature. Thus, the humid air at the outlet of the primary heat exchanger 231 enters the primary gas-liquid separator 241, and the liquid water is separated from the bottom of the primary gas-liquid separator 241. The remaining low humidity air then continues to be compressed in the secondary compressor 222 and cooled in the secondary second heat exchanger 232 and subjected to secondary gas-liquid separation in the secondary gas-liquid separator 242. The heat of compression of the air in the primary second heat exchanger 231 and the secondary second heat exchanger 232 is absorbed by the heat transfer oil from the cold oil tank 53, and then is sent to the hot oil tank 54 through the first oil pump 51 to be stored, and the subsequent use is awaited. Finally, the air with high pressure, low temperature and low humidity enters the air storage tank 1 from the secondary gas-liquid separator 242 to be stored.
In the process of continuing energy storage, when high-pressure air in the energy storage unit starts to be injected into the air storage tank 1, the air and water pressure in the air storage tank 1 start to rise; when the pressure of the air storage tank 1 reaches the maximum pressure of air storage, the first throttle valve 16 is opened, high-pressure water in the air storage tank 1 is discharged from the water outlet 12 and drives the water turbine 18 to generate electricity, and then flows into the cold storage water tank 41, high-pressure air in the energy storage unit still continues to enter the air storage tank 1 at the moment, but the water in the air storage tank 1 is discharged out of the air storage tank 1 through the water outlet 12, so that a storage space is provided for the entering air, the air storage tank 1 is in a constant pressure state at the moment, and after the water in the air storage tank 1 is emptied, the energy storage process of the system is ended.
During the energy release process, the high pressure air in the air reservoir 1 is first throttled to a specific pressure by the flow second throttle valve 17, keeping the air at a constant pressure into the turbine. The throttled air is heated in the first-stage third heat exchanger 331, then enters the high-pressure first-stage turbine 321 to expand and drive the generator 31 to generate electricity. The air exiting the primary turbine 321 continues to be heated in the secondary third heat exchanger 332 and then enters the low pressure secondary turbine 332 for expansion, the purpose of the heating being to allow the turbine to deliver higher power. The heating heat in the first-stage third heat exchanger 331 and the second-stage third heat exchanger 332 is provided by the heat conduction oil from the hot oil tank 54, and the heat conduction oil at the outlet of the second-stage third heat exchanger 332 still has a certain amount of waste heat for heating the cold water from the cold storage water tank 41 in the second-stage first heat exchanger 432, and then the heat conduction oil at the outlet of the first-stage third heat exchanger 331 is mixed with the heat conduction oil at the outlet of the first-stage first heat exchanger 431, and is sent into the cold oil tank 53 by the second oil pump 52 for storage.
In the continuous energy release process, the water in the cold storage water tank 41 is driven by the first water pump 411, the air exhaust waste heat from the outlets of the low-pressure second-stage turbines and 322 is absorbed in the first-stage first heat exchanger 431, the heat conduction oil waste heat from the outlet of the second-stage third heat exchanger 332 is absorbed in the second-stage first heat exchanger 432, and the mixed hot water (about 80-95 ℃) is stored in the heat storage water tank 42 and is used when the pressure of the air storage tank 1 is slightly higher than the exhaust pressure. The temperature of the air in the air tank 1 decreases with the decrease of the pressure, and when the air pressure in the air tank 1 decreases to a level slightly higher than the outlet pressure of the second throttle valve 17 (2-5 bar), the hot water in the heat storage water tank 42 is pressurized by the second water pump 42 to a level slightly higher than the pressure of the air in the air tank 1, and then sprayed into the air tank 1 by the spraying device 15 for heating the air. With the injection of the high-pressure hot water, the air in the air tank 1 can be continuously discharged, and the air density is reduced due to the rise of the air temperature in the air tank 1, and the air quality finally remained in the air tank 1 is reduced, namely, the air quality discharged from the air tank 1 is increased, and the effective air storage density of the air tank 1 is improved. In addition, the injection of hot water can also displace partial air in the tank, so that the effective air storage density is further improved.
By adopting the design scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the waste heat in the energy release process is used for heating hot water, and then hot water is sprayed into the air storage tank 1 to heat air, so that the temperature of the air in the tank can be increased, the density can be reduced, and the exhaust gas quantity can be increased;
2. the air in the air storage tank 1 is heated by the waste heat of the heat conduction oil and the outlet air of the turbine unit, so that the waste heat is utilized, and the energy waste is reduced;
3. the air in the air storage tank 1 is discharged partially by high-pressure water extrusion, and the water is discharged by utilizing the pressure of the air in the energy storage process, so that the variable-capacity air storage device belongs to variable-capacity air storage and can store more air;
4. in the energy storage process, the potential energy of the high-pressure water is recovered, and the circulating efficiency of the system is improved.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (3)
1. An adiabatic compressed air energy storage system based on gas holder temperature control, its characterized in that: the device comprises an energy storage unit, an energy release unit, a liquid backheating unit and an air storage tank;
the energy storage unit is connected with the air inlet through a pipeline, the water outlet and the water inlet are respectively connected with the liquid heat regeneration unit through pipelines, the energy release units are connected with the air outlets through pipelines, a plurality of air storage tanks are arranged, water is arranged in each air storage tank, the water outlets of the air storage tanks are connected in series through pipelines, and a first throttle valve is arranged on the pipeline;
the liquid backheating unit comprises a cold storage water tank connected with the water outlet, a heat storage water tank connected with the water inlet and a first heat exchanger group for heating the cold storage water tank, wherein two ends of the first heat exchanger group are respectively connected with the cold storage water tank and the heat storage water tank, cold water flowing out of the cold storage water tank is heated after passing through the first heat exchanger group, and then enters the heat storage water tank, and the first heat exchanger group is a multi-stage first heat exchanger;
when high-pressure air of the energy storage unit starts to be injected into the air storage tank, air and water pressure in the air storage tank start to rise, when the air storage tank reaches the maximum pressure, the first throttle valve is opened, water in the air storage tank is discharged out of the air storage tank through the water outlet, at the moment, the air storage tank is in a constant-pressure state, the discharged water is stored in the cold storage water tank, cold water in the cold storage water tank is heated through the first heat exchanger group and is stored in the heat storage water tank, and hot water in the heat storage water tank is connected with the water inlet of the air storage tank through a pipeline;
the energy storage unit comprises a motor, a gas compressor set, a second heat exchanger set for exchanging heat of compressed air and a gas-liquid separator set for separating gas and liquid, wherein the gas compressor set is a multi-stage gas compressor, the second heat exchanger set is a multi-stage second heat exchanger, and the gas-liquid separator set is a multi-stage gas-liquid separator; the air inlet of the front air compressor is connected with the air connection and the motor respectively, the motor is connected with the front air compressor by utilizing electric power generated by renewable energy sources or non-peak electric power of a power plant so as to enable air to be heated and boosted under the compression of the air compressor, the air outlet of the front air compressor is sequentially connected with the second heat exchanger arranged in front, the gas-liquid separator arranged in front, the air outlet of the gas-liquid separator arranged in front is connected with the next air compressor, and high-pressure low-temperature low-humidity air separated by the gas-liquid separator arranged behind is connected with the air storage tank through a pipeline, and liquid water of the gas-liquid separator is separated from the bottom of the gas-liquid separator;
the energy release unit comprises a generator, a turbine unit and a third heat exchanger group for exchanging heat of compressed air, the turbine unit comprises a multi-stage turbine, the third heat exchanger group is a multi-stage third heat exchanger, the air outlets of the air storage tanks are connected in series through pipelines and are provided with second throttling valves which are electrically connected with each other, high-pressure air generated in the air storage tanks flows to constant pressure from the second throttling valves, then enters the third heat exchanger arranged in front through pipelines, then enters the turbine arranged in front to expand, the tail end of the turbine arranged in front is connected with the third heat exchanger of the next stage, and the turbine arranged behind is in driving connection with the generator to generate electric energy;
the heat storage unit comprises a hot oil tank for absorbing and storing the heat of the energy storage unit through a high-temperature medium and providing the heat for the energy release unit, and a cold oil tank for recovering and storing the redundant waste heat of the energy release unit and the liquid regenerative unit through the high-temperature medium;
the heat storage unit further comprises a first oil pump and a second oil pump, wherein the first oil pump drives the high-temperature medium to enter the energy storage unit to absorb heat and then store the heat in the hot oil tank, and drives the high-temperature medium to flow out of the hot oil tank and provide heat for the energy release unit; the second oil pump drives the high-temperature medium to enter the energy release unit and the liquid heat regeneration unit to absorb redundant heat and then store the redundant heat in the cold oil tank, and drives the high-temperature medium to mix the residual heat flowing out of the cold oil tank with the compression heat of the energy storage unit, and the first oil pump drives the high-temperature medium to enter the hot oil tank;
the heat of the second heat exchanger drives the high-temperature medium to be transmitted and stored into the hot oil tank through the first oil pump; the waste heat in the cold oil tank drives the high-temperature medium to be conveyed into the second heat exchanger through the second oil pump;
the heat in the hot oil tank drives the high-temperature medium to be conveyed into the third heat exchanger through the first oil pump; waste heat in the third heat exchanger and waste heat of air exhaust gas at the outlet of the turbine arranged behind the third heat exchanger are respectively conveyed to the first heat exchanger for heating the cold storage water tank, and the waste heat at the outlets of the first heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger drives the high-temperature medium to be transmitted and stored into the cold storage oil tank through the second oil pump;
the liquid backheating unit further comprises a first water pump for driving cold water in the cold storage water tank to flow to the first heat exchanger group for heat exchange and a second water pump for driving hot water in the heat storage water tank to flow to the water inlet, wherein the first water pump is arranged between the cold storage water tank and the first heat exchanger group, and the second water pump is arranged between the heat storage water tank and the water inlet.
2. An adiabatic compressed air energy storage system based on air storage tank temperature control as set forth in claim 1 wherein: the high-temperature medium working medium is 1 or a mixture of at least 2 of water, alcohols, molten salt, heat conducting oil, ion-like fluid and phase change material.
3. An adiabatic compressed air energy storage system based on air storage tank temperature control as set forth in claim 1 wherein: and a water turbine for recovering the high-pressure water potential energy in the air storage tank is further arranged between the water outlet and the cold storage water tank.
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