CN117263726A - Fermentation pretreatment process for preparing organic fertilizer by utilizing pig farm manure - Google Patents
Fermentation pretreatment process for preparing organic fertilizer by utilizing pig farm manure Download PDFInfo
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- CN117263726A CN117263726A CN202311210643.4A CN202311210643A CN117263726A CN 117263726 A CN117263726 A CN 117263726A CN 202311210643 A CN202311210643 A CN 202311210643A CN 117263726 A CN117263726 A CN 117263726A
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- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 230000002550 fecal effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003311 flocculating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
- C05F3/06—Apparatus for the manufacture
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a fermentation pretreatment process for preparing organic fertilizer by utilizing pig farm manure, which comprises the following steps: extracting solid matters with a 'cake structure' from urine mixture in a pig farm manure pit, grinding the solid matters with the 'cake structure' into particles, and introducing the obtained particles into a stirring container; pumping out the sediment at the bottom of the pig farm manure pit by a slurry pump, and introducing the sediment into a stirring container; stirring the sediment and the particulate matters in the stirring container, adding auxiliary materials, uniformly mixing, and then conveying to a fermentation tank. The invention not only realizes that the uniform and loose fecal sewage solid matters are obtained by a simple operation method, but also can accurately control the humidity/moisture in the fecal sewage solid matters, and is beneficial to the subsequent fermentation treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pig farm manure recycling, and particularly relates to a fermentation pretreatment process for preparing an organic fertilizer by using pig farm manure.
Background
Pig farm manure is usually recycled and used for processing the pig farm manure into organic fertilizer. At present, the method mainly comprises three technical routes of dry manure and compost fermentation, urine foam manure and dry-wet separation post-fermentation and direct fermentation. The urine and the feces are matched with dry-wet separation, the automatic falling of pig feces and urine into a feces ditch is realized mainly through a leak floor, the mixed collection of the feces and the urine is carried out by means of a feces and dirt channel, then the dry-wet separation is carried out, the separated solid compost is subjected to the treatment of methane, purification and the like. In practice, the mixture of the manure is usually introduced into a manure pit through a pipeline or a groove, then the mixture of the manure in the manure pit is pumped to a solid-liquid separation device by means of a suction pump for solid-liquid separation, and the obtained solid is transported to an organic fertilizer production workshop for subsequent processing such as fermentation.
The prior document CN106810302A discloses a method for producing organic fertilizer by recycling cultivation excrement, which comprises the following steps: collecting pig farm manure, and performing dry-wet separation to obtain dry manure and urine, wherein the dry manure is manure with the moisture content of less than 30w% after the dry manure is subjected to dry-wet separation; uniformly mixing dry manure, soil, carbon slag and straw, wherein the straw is straw powder or straw crushed material, and the straw powder/straw crushed material is processed by one or more of bran, corn straw, rice straw, wheat straw and rape straw; and adding microbial agents into the uniformly mixed materials, turning over uniformly, stacking into a stacking material with the height of 1-5 meters, tightly covering with a film, and raising the temperature to 60-70 ℃ for fermentation and decomposition. The technical scheme essentially belongs to a technical route of urine and foam feces matched with dry and wet separation and post fermentation, and the technical difficulty comprises how to collect the feces with the water content of less than 30w percent.
Research shows that when the pig farm manure is utilized to prepare the organic fertilizer, the solid particle size and the looseness after solid-liquid separation are directly related to the quality of the organic fertilizer, and the organic fertilizer is prepared in other waysThe smaller and looser the particle size is under the condition of unchanged necessary parameters (such as moisture content and temperature), which is beneficial to the addition, uniform mixing and fermentation of auxiliary materials. However, it is difficult to obtain uniform and loose solid waste by the conventional solid-liquid separation technique/dry-wet separation technique, and the solid waste contains many blocks (the surface area of the blocks is 5-20 cm) 2 Not etc.). Moreover, the humidity/moisture of the prepared fecal sewage solid is difficult to control accurately, which is unfavorable for subsequent fermentation treatment. In the prior art, caking of the solid waste can be prevented only after the obtained solid is dried in the solid-liquid separation stage, but the caking can kill a plurality of microorganisms under the condition of large energy consumption, and the subsequent fermentation is not facilitated.
When the pig farm manure is treated, the manure mixture in the manure pit is pumped to solid-liquid separation equipment, and then the obtained solid is transported to an organic fertilizer production workshop, so that the problems of low utilization rate of the solid in the manure mixture and low production efficiency of the organic fertilizer exist, the problems of multiple procedures of subsequent treatment of manure liquid (the manure liquid obtained after solid-liquid separation) exist, and particularly the subsequent treatment of the manure liquid needs to be subjected to multiple sedimentation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at providing a fermentation pretreatment process for preparing organic fertilizer by utilizing pig farm manure at least for solving the technical problems in the background art.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme.
A fermentation pretreatment process for preparing organic fertilizer by utilizing pig farm manure comprises the following steps:
step 1, extracting solid matters in a cake structure from urine mixture in a pig farm manure pit, wherein the moisture content in the cake structure is not higher than 35%;
step 2, grinding the solid matters with the cake structure in the step 1 into particles, and introducing the obtained particles into a stirring container;
step 4, pumping out sediment at the bottom of the pig farm manure pit by adopting a slurry pump, wherein the water content of the sediment is 80-85%, and introducing the sediment into a stirring container;
and 5, stirring the sediment and the particulate matters in the stirring container, adding auxiliary materials, uniformly mixing the sediment and the particulate matters, and then conveying the mixture to a fermentation tank.
As the preferable scheme of the invention, a steel wire millstone device is adopted to polish the solid matters with a 'cake structure', and the particles formed after polishing fall into a stirring container in a parabolic and free falling manner. By adopting the mode, uniform and loose solid waste can be quickly obtained.
In order to simplify the subsequent manure liquid treatment process after solid-liquid separation, the cake structure is a round cake; the sediment is formed by flocculating suspended solid particles with the particle size not more than 2 mm.
In the invention, a solid-liquid separation device is adopted to extract the cake structure; the solid-liquid separation equipment comprises a barrel, wherein the barrel is vertically and fixedly arranged in a fecal sewage pool, a plurality of through holes are formed in the whole side wall of the barrel, a fecal sewage feeding channel is formed in the upper part of the barrel, and a valve is arranged on the fecal sewage feeding channel; the inner cavity of the cylinder body is provided with a movable rod, the upper end of the movable rod is connected with a hydraulic driving system, the inner cavity of the cylinder body is provided with a movable seat below the movable rod, the movable seat is connected with a lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism is used for lifting the movable seat to a specified height, and the movable rod, the movable seat and the cylinder body jointly enclose a feces accommodating space with variable volume; a pushing mechanism is arranged at the top of the cylinder body and is used for pushing the cake body structure moving to the top of the cylinder body to a discharging channel; the movable rod is axially provided with two symmetrically arranged through holes, the diameter of the through hole on the side wall of the cylinder is not more than 2mm, the movable seat is symmetrically provided with two groups of lifting lugs, and a steel wire rope connected to the lifting lugs penetrates through the through holes and is connected with the lifting mechanism; the movable rod can be driven to move along the steel wire rope and lift along the inner cavity of the cylinder body through the hydraulic driving system; the movable rod is a hollow rod, the thickness of the bottom wall of the hollow rod is not less than 15cm, the thickness of the side wall of the hollow rod is not less than 10mm, a supporting framework is arranged in a cavity of the hollow rod, an annular groove is formed in the hollow rod, and a sealing ring is matched in the annular groove.
At least for further improving the fermentation pretreatment efficiency of the organic fertilizer, the movable seat is a stainless steel seat with the thickness not less than 20cm and the diameter or width not less than 60cm, the movable rod is made of stainless steel, and the fit clearance between the movable rod and the inner wall of the cylinder body is 5-10 mm; the pushing mechanism comprises a cylinder which is horizontally arranged, the front end of a telescopic rod of the cylinder is provided with a pushing plate, the telescopic rod of the cylinder is perpendicular to the plane where two groups of steel wire ropes are located, the top of a discharging channel aims at the pushing plate, and the discharging channel and the cylinder are positioned at two sides of the cylinder body; the pushing mechanism, the lifting mechanism, the hydraulic driving system and the valve are all connected with the controller, and the pushing mechanism, the lifting mechanism, the hydraulic driving system and the valve are controlled to operate through the controller: the controller comprises a storage module, a processing module and a program stored on the storage module and capable of running on the processing module, wherein the processing module realizes the following steps when executing the program:
s1, controlling the lifting mechanism to operate, so that the movable seat descends to a lower limit position, and at the moment, the bottom surface of the movable seat coincides with the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the cylinder body;
s2, controlling the hydraulic driving system to operate so that the movable rod is at an upper limit position, wherein the lower end of the movable rod is higher than the connection part of the fecal sewage feeding channel and the cylinder;
s3, controlling the valve to be opened for a preset time to enable the excrement to enter the excrement accommodating space from the excrement feeding channel, and then controlling the valve to be closed;
s4, controlling the hydraulic driving system to operate, enabling the movable rod to move downwards according to a set speed, and suspending until the loading force reaches the set value, wherein non-liquid substances in the excrement accommodating space form a compact cake structure;
s5, controlling the hydraulic driving system to operate so that the movable rod is lifted up according to the second set speed, and simultaneously controlling the lifting mechanism to operate so that the movable seat is lifted up according to the second set speed, wherein in the process, the movable rod and the movable seat synchronously move up;
s6, after the movable seat rises and moves to the target height, controlling the lifting mechanism to pause, and continuously controlling the hydraulic driving system to operate, so that the movable seat continues to move upwards for a specified distance, at the moment, the upper end face of the 'cake structure' is separated from the lower end face of the movable rod, and the top face of the movable seat is flush with the top end of the cylinder;
s7, controlling the pushing mechanism to operate, and pushing the solid cake body to a discharging channel;
and S8, repeatedly executing the steps S1 to S7, and continuously treating the excrement.
In order to simplify the subsequent manure liquid treatment process after solid-liquid separation, a plurality of first stirrers are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the through hole on the cylinder body, and the stirring shaft of the first stirrers is vertical to the cylinder body; a flocculant filling pipe is arranged in the fecal sewage pool and close to the outer wall of the cylinder body, and the flocculant filling pipe is connected with a flocculant filling system; the bottom of the fecal sewage tank is in a U-shaped structure, a slurry pump is arranged in the fecal sewage tank and is used for pumping sediment at the bottom of the tank, and a motor of the slurry pump is positioned at the outer side of the bottom of the fecal sewage tank; after the step S4 is finished, the flocculant filling system is controlled to add flocculant according to the set amount, the first stirrer is controlled to run for a set time T, and then the step S5 is executed.
In the preferred scheme, in a stirring container, the requirements of 45-50% of water content in the uniformly mixed mixture are met after the cake structure, auxiliary materials and sediment are mixed.
Preferably, the first set speed is 1-5 cm/s, and the second set speed is 10-30 cm/s.
In order to facilitate smooth extraction of sediment in the septic tank, the bottom wall of the fecal sewage tank is an inclined plane, the inclined plane and the vertical direction form an included angle of 10-50 degrees, and the lower end of the cylinder body is arranged on the upper part.
In order to obtain uniform and loose solid matters of the excrement smoothly, rapidly and stably, the steel wire grinding disc device comprises a lower section of the discharging channel and a steel wire wheel grinding disc, wherein the steel wire wheel grinding disc is positioned right below the lower section of the discharging channel, and can move upwards, and a driving mechanism of the steel wire wheel grinding disc is connected with a controller; the lower section of the discharging channel is a vertical cavity, an upper pressing plate and a lower pressing plate are arranged on the side of the vertical cavity, the upper pressing plate is connected with a first transverse air cylinder, the lower pressing plate is connected with a second transverse air cylinder, the first transverse air cylinder is parallel to the second transverse air cylinder and respectively connected with a controller, and the upper pressing plate is connected with the lower pressing plate through a hinge; in the initial state, the upper pressing plate is in a vertical state, the lower pressing plate is in an inclined state, and an included angle between the lower pressing plate and the upper pressing plate is 135 degrees; when the cake structure falls onto the lower pressing plate, the first transverse cylinder is controlled to extend to compress the cake structure, and then the second transverse cylinder is controlled to retract to enable the lower pressing plate to be in a vertical state; and then controlling the steel wire wheel polishing disc to rotate and move upwards according to a set speed until the whole 'cake structure' is broken into particles.
The beneficial effects are that: by adopting the scheme of the invention, the uniform and loose fecal sewage solid matters are obtained by a simple operation method, the problem that the prepared fecal sewage solid matters contain lumps is solved, the humidity/moisture in the fecal sewage solid matters can be accurately controlled, and the moisture content in the fecal sewage solid matters can be controlled below 30% under the condition of no need of drying, so that the subsequent fermentation treatment is facilitated;
by adopting the scheme of the invention, the method has the advantage of high utilization rate of the solid in the excrement and urine mixture, on one hand, the solid with the particle size of more than 2mm can be pressed into a cake shape and then reduced into particles, and on the other hand, the solid with the particle size of less than 2mm can be settled and then synchronously mixed into the particles, so that most of the solid in the excrement and urine mixture is fully utilized. The scheme of the invention has the advantages of high efficiency of organic fertilizer production (fermentation pretreatment) in the manure mixture, solid matters in the manure mixture are directly transferred to the steel wire millstone device for fully scattering after being made into cakes, sediment and auxiliary materials extracted from the manure pit are matched for being blended to the humidity required by fermentation, the whole process can be completed in a small workstation/space, the lengthy transferring process and the process of carrying out repeated sedimentation on the subsequent excrement treatment liquid are omitted, and the treatment efficiency is greatly improved.
In the invention, the used steel wire millstone device is very critical and ingenious, and the prepared cake body structure is very compact, so that the cake body structure can be smoothly, quickly and stably reduced into uniform and loose particles by means of the dynamic matching of the discharge channel, the transverse cylinder, the pressing plate and the steel wire wheel millstone with the specific structure.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the apparatus used in the embodiment (a state before the cake structure enters the fecal sewage feeding channel, in which the lower pressing plate 42 is in an oblique state and has an included angle of 135 ° with the upper pressing plate 41); FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a second embodiment of the apparatus used in the examples (the cake structure is in a state after entering the fecal sewage feeding channel);
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 2;
fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the apparatus used in the embodiment III (the lower platen 42 is in a vertical state, and the upper platen 41 is pressed against the cake structure 16);
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is another schematic cross-sectional view of the apparatus used in the examples;
FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of a solid-liquid separation apparatus (initial state) in the embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a solid-liquid separation apparatus (initial state) in the example;
FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a solid-liquid separation apparatus (a state in which fecal sewage enters a fecal sewage accommodation space from a fecal sewage feed channel) in the embodiment;
FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a solid-liquid separation apparatus (in the case of solid-liquid separation) in the example;
FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective view of a solid-liquid separation apparatus (discharging state) in the embodiment;
fig. 12 and 13 are schematic cross-sectional views of solid-liquid separation apparatuses (discharged state) in examples.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made more apparent and fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1 to 13, a fermentation pretreatment process for preparing organic fertilizer by using pig farm manure comprises the following steps:
step 1, extracting solid matters in a cake structure 16 from a urine mixture in a pig farm manure pit 30, wherein the moisture content in the cake structure 16 is not higher than 35%; wherein the cake structure 16 is a round cake, and the sediment is formed by flocculating suspended solid particles with the particle size not more than 2 mm;
step 2, grinding the solid matters with the cake structure 16 in the step 1 into particles, and introducing the obtained particles into a stirring container 29; in the embodiment, a steel wire grinding disc device is adopted to grind solid matters in a 'cake body structure 16', and the ground particles fall into a stirring container 29 in a parabolic and free falling manner;
step 4, pumping out sediment in the pig farm manure pit 30 by adopting a slurry pump, wherein the water content of the sediment is 80-85%, and introducing the sediment into a stirring container 29; in the stirring container 29, the requirement that the water content in the uniformly mixed mixture is 45-50% is met after the mixture of the cake structure 16 and the auxiliary materials and the sediments is mixed;
and 5, installing a second stirrer 34 in the stirring container 29, stirring the sediment and the particulate matters in the stirring container 29, adding auxiliary materials, uniformly mixing, and then conveying to a fermentation tank.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 7 to 13, the cake structure 16 is extracted by using a solid-liquid separation device. The solid-liquid separation equipment comprises a barrel 1, wherein the barrel 1 is vertically and fixedly arranged on a support 19 in a fecal sewage pool 30, a plurality of through holes 2 are formed in the whole side wall of the barrel 1, the minimum distance between adjacent edges of adjacent through holes 2 is 15mm, the diameter of each through hole 2 is 2mm, a fecal sewage feeding channel 3 (fecal sewage collecting pipeline) is formed in the upper portion of the barrel 1, and a valve 4 is arranged on the fecal sewage feeding channel 3; a movable rod 5 is arranged in the inner cavity of the cylinder body 1, the upper end of the movable rod 5 is fixedly connected with the front end of a hydraulic rod of a hydraulic driving system through a connecting plate, a movable seat 6 is arranged in the inner cavity of the cylinder body 1 and positioned below the movable rod 5, the movable seat 6 is connected with a lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism is used for lifting the movable seat 6 to a specified height, and the movable rod 5, the movable seat 6 and the cylinder body 1 jointly enclose a feces accommodating space 10 with a variable volume; a pushing mechanism is arranged at the top of the cylinder 1 and is used for pushing the solid material moving to the top of the cylinder 1 to the discharging channel 15. Wherein, two symmetrically arranged through holes 20 are axially arranged on the movable rod 5, two groups of lifting lugs 21 are symmetrically arranged on the movable seat 6, and a steel wire rope 9 connected to the lifting lugs 21 passes through the through holes 20 and is connected with a lifting mechanism which can be a winch; the movable rod 5 can be driven to move along the steel wire rope 9 and lift along the inner cavity of the cylinder body 1 by a hydraulic driving system. The movable seat 6 is a stainless steel seat with the thickness of 20cm and the diameter of 60cm, the movable rod 5 is made of stainless steel, and the fit clearance between the movable rod 5 and the inner wall of the cylinder body 1 is 6mm. The movable rod 5 is a hollow rod, the thickness of the bottom wall of the hollow rod is 15cm, the thickness of the side wall of the hollow rod is 12mm, a supporting framework is arranged in a cavity of the hollow rod, two annular grooves 12 are arranged on the hollow rod at intervals, and sealing rings 11 are matched in the two annular grooves 10. The pushing mechanism comprises a cylinder 13 which is horizontally arranged, a push plate 14 is arranged at the front end of a telescopic rod of the cylinder 13, the telescopic rod of the cylinder 13 is perpendicular to the plane where two groups of steel wire ropes 9 are located, the top of a discharging channel 15 aims at the push plate 14, and the discharging channel 15 and the cylinder 13 are located on two sides of the cylinder body 1.
In the embodiment, a plurality of first stirrers 31 are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the through hole 2 on the cylinder 1, and the stirring shaft of the first stirrers 31 is perpendicular to the cylinder 1; a flocculant filling pipe 33 is arranged in the fecal sewage pool 30 and near the outer wall of the barrel 1, and the flocculant filling pipe 33 is connected with a flocculant filling system; the bottom of the excrement pool 30 is of a U-shaped structure, a slurry pump 32 is arranged in the excrement pool 30, the slurry pump 32 is used for pumping sediment at the bottom of the pool, and a motor of the slurry pump 32 is positioned at the outer side of the bottom of the excrement pool 30.
In this embodiment, the pushing mechanism, the lifting mechanism, the hydraulic driving system and the valve 4 are all connected with the controller, and the pushing mechanism, the lifting mechanism, the hydraulic driving system and the valve 4 are controlled to operate through the controller: the controller comprises a storage module, a processing module and a program stored on the storage module and capable of running on the processing module, wherein the processing module realizes the following steps when executing the program:
s1, controlling the lifting mechanism to operate so that the movable seat 6 descends to a lower limit position, wherein the bottom surface of the movable seat 6 coincides with the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the cylinder body 1, and the state is shown in fig. 7 and 8;
s2, controlling the hydraulic driving system to operate so that the movable rod 5 is at an upper limit position, wherein the lower end of the movable rod 5 is higher than the connection part of the excrement feeding channel 3 and the cylinder 1, and the state is shown in figure 9;
s3, controlling the valve 4 to be opened for a preset time to enable the excrement to enter the excrement accommodating space 10 from the excrement feeding channel 3, and then controlling the valve 4 to be closed;
s4, controlling the hydraulic driving system to operate, enabling the movable rod 5 to move downwards according to a set speed, and stopping until the loading force reaches the set value, wherein non-liquid substances in the excrement accommodating space 10 form a compact solid cake 16, and the state is shown in figure 10; the first set speed can be set to be any value between 1 and 5 cm/s;
after the step S4 is finished, firstly controlling the flocculant filling system to add flocculant according to a set amount, simultaneously controlling the first stirrer 31 to run for a set time T, and then executing the step S5;
s5, controlling the hydraulic driving system to operate so that the movable rod 5 is lifted up according to the second set speed, and simultaneously controlling the lifting mechanism to operate so that the movable seat 6 is lifted up according to the second set speed, wherein in the process, the movable rod 5 and the movable seat 6 synchronously move up; the second setting speed can be set to be any value between 10 and 30 cm/s; when the movable seat 6 moves up to the target height, the top surface of the movable seat 6 is flush with the top end of the cylinder 1, and the state is shown in fig. 11 to 13;
s6, after the movable seat 6 is lifted up to the target height, controlling the lifting mechanism to be suspended, and continuously controlling the hydraulic driving system to operate, so that the movable seat 6 is continuously lifted up for a specified distance, and at the moment, the upper end face of the solid cake 16 is separated from the lower end face of the movable rod 5;
s7, controlling the pushing mechanism to operate, and pushing the solid cake 16 to the discharging channel 15;
and S8, repeatedly executing the steps S1 to S7, and continuously treating the excrement.
In this embodiment, the bottom wall 18 of the fecal sewage pool 30 is an inclined plane, the inclined plane has an included angle of 45 degrees with the vertical direction, and the lower end of the barrel 1 is mounted on the bottom wall 18.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the steel wire grinding disc device includes a lower section of the discharging channel 15 and a steel wire wheel grinding disc 17 (a steel wire wheel flat stainless steel 300mm steel wire brush is selected, the thickness of which is equal to that of the cake structure 16), the steel wire wheel grinding disc 17 is located right below the lower section of the discharging channel 15, the steel wire wheel grinding disc 17 can move up, a driving mechanism (such as a lifting mechanism 45 (such as a cylinder) provided with a driving motor 46) of the steel wire wheel grinding disc 17 is arranged, the driving motor 46 is used for driving the steel wire wheel grinding disc 17 to rotate, and the lifting mechanism 45 is used for driving the driving motor 46 and the steel wire wheel grinding disc 17 to integrally lift) is connected with the controller; the lower section of the discharging channel 15 is a vertical cavity, an upper pressing plate 41 and a lower pressing plate 42 are arranged on the side of the vertical cavity, the upper pressing plate 41 is connected with a first transverse air cylinder 43, the lower pressing plate 42 is connected with a second transverse air cylinder 44, the first transverse air cylinder 43 and the second transverse air cylinder 44 are parallel to each other and are respectively connected with a controller, and the upper pressing plate 41 and the lower pressing plate 42 are connected through a hinge; in the initial state, the upper pressing plate 41 is in a vertical state, the lower pressing plate 42 is in an inclined state, and an included angle between the lower pressing plate 42 and the upper pressing plate 41 is 135 degrees; when the cake structure 16 falls onto the lower pressing plate 42, the first transverse cylinder 43 is controlled to extend to press the cake structure 16, and the second transverse cylinder 44 is controlled to retract to enable the lower pressing plate 42 to be in a vertical state; the wire wheel sharpening disk 17 is then controlled to rotate and move up at a set speed until the entire "cake structure 16" is broken up into particulate matter.
In the operation process, three processes are mainly divided as follows.
The first process adopts brand-new solid-liquid separation equipment and a separation mode, and the manure in the pig farm enters the manure feeding channel 3 and is temporarily stored in the manure feeding channel 3 in a state that the valve 4 is closed, and when the valve 4 is opened for a preset time, the temporarily stored manure enters the manure accommodating space 10 from the manure feeding channel 3; then, the movable rod 5 is driven to move downwards to gradually reduce the excrement containing space 10, the liquid in the excrement containing space 10 enters the periphery of the cylinder 1 in the excrement pool 30 through the through hole on the side wall of the cylinder 1 after being pressurized, and the solid in the excrement containing space 10 is gradually compressed to a solid cake 16 structure under the action of the pressure, so that solid-liquid separation in the excrement pool 30 is realized; after the structure of the solid cake 16 is formed, the movable rod 5, the movable seat 6 and the solid cake 16 are synchronously moved upwards by quickly controlling the movable rod 5, the movable seat 6 and the solid cake 16 to quickly move upwards like a piston, so that liquid in the fecal sewage tank 30 at the periphery of the cylinder 1 is sucked into the inner cavity of the cylinder 1, the through holes on the side wall of the cylinder 1 are well backwashed, and the solid cake 16 can be pushed to the discharging channel 15 by the pushing mechanism after the solid cake 16 moves upwards to the target height. By adopting the specific structure and the control method, the water content in the solid can be precisely controlled when the solid-liquid separation is carried out in the manure liquid in the pig farm manure pit 30, the state of the solid cake 16 and the water content thereof can be controlled by controlling the pressing amount of the movable rod 5 (for example, when the pressing amount of the movable rod 5 is H1, the thickness of the corresponding solid cake 16 is H1 and the water content is A1, and when the pressing amount of the movable rod 5 is h1+1cm, the thickness of the corresponding solid cake 16 is H2 and the water content is A2, and theoretically, the larger the pressing amount of the movable rod 5 is, the smaller the thickness of the solid cake 16 is and the lower the water content is), and meanwhile, the solid cake 16 can be prevented from being reversely permeated into the solid cake 16, so that the obtained solid cake 16 can be smoothly moved out of the pit. The scheme changes the traditional solid-liquid separation technical route, can realize solid-liquid separation of pig farm manure corresponding to tens of kilograms or even hundreds of kilograms of solid cake bodies 16 within three minutes, has ingenious structure and good stability, is not only suitable for solid-liquid separation of urine and feces, but also suitable for solid-liquid separation of pig dry manure (feces which are not mixed with urine or water).
The second process is to reduce the solid cake 16 into particles, when the solid cake 16 moves along the discharging channel 15 and falls onto the lower pressing plate 42 at the lower section of the discharging channel 15, the solid cake 16 is blocked by the obliquely arranged lower pressing plate 42 (the distance between the lower end of the lower pressing plate 42 and the discharging channel 15 is smaller than the thickness of the solid cake 16), then the upper pressing plate 41 is driven to move towards the cake structure 16 by extending the first transverse cylinder 43 to compress the solid cake structure 16, and then the second transverse cylinder 44 is controlled to retract, so that the lower pressing plate 42 is in a vertical state, and the upper pressing plate 41 and the lower pressing plate 42 are in a vertical state (the distance between the lower end of the lower pressing plate 42 and the discharging channel 15 is equal to the thickness of the solid cake 16); the wire wheel sharpening disk 17 is then controlled to rotate and move up at a set speed until the entire "cake structure 16" is broken up into particles and dropped in a parabolic and free-falling manner into the agitator vessel 29.
The third process is a feeding and mixing process, on the one hand, after the non-liquid substances in the fecal sewage containing space 10 form a compact solid cake 16, the flocculant filling system is controlled to add flocculant according to a set amount, and meanwhile, the first stirrer 31 is controlled to operate for a set time T, in the process, suspended substances in the fecal sewage tank 30 and positioned at the periphery of the barrel 1 can be flocculated and settled rapidly, and meanwhile, the water at the periphery of the barrel 1 becomes clear, and then, in the implementation of the step S5, the liquid sucked into the fecal sewage containing space 10 is almost clear liquid, so that the through holes 2 on the barrel 1 can be well prevented from being blocked; when the suspended matter has settled to the bottom of the tank, it is pumped by a slurry pump 32 and fed to the agitator; on the other hand, the particles formed by scattering the cake structure 16 fall into the stirring vessel 29, and the particles are uniformly stirred together with the pumped sediment and other auxiliary materials, so that the fermentation pretreatment of the organic fertilizer is completed.
By adopting the scheme, the uniform and loose fecal sewage solid matters are obtained by a simple operation method, the problem that the prepared fecal sewage solid matters contain lumps is solved, the humidity/moisture in the fecal sewage solid matters can be accurately controlled, and the moisture content in the fecal sewage solid matters can be controlled below 30% under the condition of no need of drying, so that the subsequent fermentation treatment is facilitated.
By adopting the scheme, the method has the advantage of high utilization rate of the solid matters in the excrement and urine mixture, on one hand, the solid matters with the particle size being larger than 2mm can be pressed into cakes and then reduced into the particles, and on the other hand, the solid matters with the particle size being smaller than 2mm can be settled and then synchronously mixed into the particles, so that most of the solid matters in the excrement and urine mixture are fully utilized. The method has the advantages that the production (fermentation pretreatment) efficiency of the organic fertilizer in the manure mixture is high, the solid matters in the manure mixture are directly transferred to the steel wire millstone device to be fully dispersed after being made into cakes, and then the sediment and auxiliary materials extracted from the manure pool 30 are matched to be blended to the humidity required by fermentation, so that the whole process can be completed in a small workstation/space, the lengthy transferring process and the process of carrying out repeated sedimentation on the manure liquid after subsequent treatment are omitted, and the treatment efficiency is greatly improved.
In the invention, the steel wire millstone device is very critical and ingenious, and the prepared cake body structure 16 is very compact, so that the cake body structure 16 can be smoothly, quickly and stably reduced into uniform and loose particles by means of the dynamic matching of the discharge channel, the transverse cylinder, the pressing plate and the steel wire wheel millstone with the specific structure.
Claims (10)
1. A fermentation pretreatment process for preparing organic fertilizer by utilizing pig farm manure is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, extracting solid matters in a cake structure (16) from urine mixture in a pig farm manure pit, wherein the moisture content in the cake structure (16) is not higher than 35%;
step 2, grinding the solid matters with the cake structure (16) in the step 1 into particles, and introducing the obtained particles into a stirring container (29);
step 4, a slurry pump is adopted to pump out sediment at the bottom of a pig farm manure pit, the moisture content of the sediment is 80-85%, and the sediment is introduced into a stirring container (29);
and 5, stirring the sediment and the particulate matters in the stirring container (29), adding auxiliary materials, uniformly mixing, and then conveying to a fermentation tank.
2. Fermentation pretreatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that the solid material in the form of "cake structure (16)" is ground by means of a wire grinding disc device, and the particles formed after grinding fall in a parabolic and free-falling manner into a stirring vessel (29).
3. Fermentation pretreatment process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the "cake structure (16)" is a round cake; the sediment is formed by flocculating suspended solid particles with the particle size not more than 2 mm.
4. A fermentation pretreatment process according to claim 3, wherein: extracting the cake structure (16) by adopting solid-liquid separation equipment; the solid-liquid separation equipment comprises a barrel (1), wherein the barrel (1) is vertically and fixedly arranged in a fecal sewage pool (30), a plurality of through holes (2) are formed in the whole side wall of the barrel (1), a fecal sewage feeding channel (3) is formed in the upper part of the barrel (1), and a valve (4) is arranged on the fecal sewage feeding channel (3); a movable rod (5) is arranged in the inner cavity of the cylinder body (1), the upper end of the movable rod (5) is connected with a hydraulic driving system, a movable seat (6) is arranged in the inner cavity of the cylinder body (1) and positioned below the movable rod (5), the movable seat (6) is connected with a lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism is used for lifting the movable seat (6) to a specified height, and the movable rod (5), the movable seat (6) and the cylinder body (1) jointly enclose a fecal sewage accommodating space (10) with variable volume; a pushing mechanism is arranged at the top of the cylinder body (1) and is used for pushing a cake body structure (16) moving to the top of the cylinder body (1) to a discharging channel (15); two symmetrically arranged through holes (20) are axially formed in the movable rod (5), the diameter of the through hole (2) in the side wall of the cylinder body (1) is not more than 2mm, two groups of lifting lugs (21) are symmetrically arranged on the movable seat (6), and a steel wire rope (9) connected to the lifting lugs (21) penetrates through the through holes (20) and is connected with the lifting mechanism; the movable rod (5) can be driven to move along the steel wire rope (9) and lift along the inner cavity of the cylinder body (1) through the hydraulic driving system; the movable rod (5) adopts a hollow rod, the thickness of the bottom wall of the hollow rod is not less than 15cm, the thickness of the side wall of the hollow rod is not less than 10mm, a supporting framework is arranged in a cavity of the hollow rod, an annular groove (12) is arranged on the hollow rod, and a sealing ring (11) is matched in the annular groove (10).
5. The fermentation pretreatment process according to claim 4, wherein: the movable seat (6) is a stainless steel seat with the thickness not smaller than 20cm and the diameter or width not smaller than 60cm, the movable rod (5) is made of stainless steel, and the fit clearance between the movable rod (5) and the inner wall of the cylinder body (1) is 5-10 mm; the pushing mechanism comprises a cylinder (13) which is horizontally arranged, a push plate (14) is arranged at the front end of a telescopic rod of the cylinder (13), the telescopic rod of the cylinder (13) is perpendicular to a plane where two groups of steel wire ropes (9) are located, the top of a discharging channel (15) aims at the push plate (14), and the discharging channel (15) and the cylinder (13) are positioned at two sides of the cylinder body (1); the pushing mechanism, the lifting mechanism, the hydraulic driving system and the valve (4) are all connected with the controller, and the pushing mechanism, the lifting mechanism, the hydraulic driving system and the valve (4) are controlled to operate through the controller: the controller comprises a storage module, a processing module and a program stored on the storage module and capable of running on the processing module, wherein the processing module realizes the following steps when executing the program:
s1, controlling the lifting mechanism to operate, so that the movable seat (6) descends to a lower limit position, and at the moment, the bottom surface of the movable seat (6) coincides with the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the cylinder body (1);
s2, controlling the hydraulic driving system to operate so that the movable rod (5) is at an upper limit position, wherein the lower end of the movable rod (5) is higher than the connection part of the fecal sewage feeding channel (3) and the cylinder body (1);
s3, controlling the valve (4) to be opened for a preset time to enable the excrement to enter the excrement accommodating space (10) from the excrement feeding channel (3), and then controlling the valve (4) to be closed;
s4, controlling the hydraulic driving system to operate, enabling the movable rod (5) to move downwards according to a set speed until the loading force reaches the set value, and suspending the movable rod until the loading force reaches the set value, wherein non-liquid substances in the excrement accommodating space (10) form a compact cake structure (16);
s5, controlling the hydraulic driving system to operate so that the movable rod (5) is lifted up according to the second set speed, and simultaneously controlling the lifting mechanism to operate so that the movable seat (6) is lifted up according to the second set speed, wherein in the process, the movable rod (5) and the movable seat (6) synchronously move up;
s6, after the movable seat (6) is lifted up to the target height, controlling the lifting mechanism to pause, and continuously controlling the hydraulic driving system to operate, so that the movable seat (6) is continuously lifted up for a specified distance, at the moment, the upper end face of the' cake body structure (16) is separated from the lower end face of the movable rod (5), and the top face of the movable seat (6) is flush with the top end of the cylinder body (1);
s7, controlling the pushing mechanism to operate, and pushing the solid cake body to a discharging channel (15);
and S8, repeatedly executing the steps S1-S7, and continuously treating the excrement.
6. The fermentation pretreatment process according to claim 5, wherein: a plurality of first stirrers (31) are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the through hole (2) on the cylinder (1), and the stirring shaft of the first stirrers (31) is perpendicular to the cylinder (1); a flocculant filling pipe (33) is arranged in the excrement pool (30) and close to the outer wall of the cylinder body (1), and the flocculant filling pipe (33) is connected with a flocculant filling system; a mud pump (32) is arranged in the fecal sewage pool (30), the mud pump (32) is used for pumping out sediment at the bottom of the pool, and a motor of the mud pump (32) is positioned at the outer side of the bottom of the fecal sewage pool (30); after the step S4 is finished, the flocculant filling system is controlled to add flocculant according to the set amount, meanwhile, the first stirrer (31) is controlled to run for a set time T, and then the step S5 is executed.
7. The fermentation pretreatment process according to claim 8, wherein: in the stirring container (29), the requirements of 45-50% of water content in the uniformly mixed mixture are met after the cake structure (16), auxiliary materials and sediments are mixed.
8. The fermentation pretreatment process according to claim 7, wherein: the first set speed is 1-5 cm/s, and the second set speed is 10-30 cm/s.
9. The fermentation pretreatment process according to claim 8, wherein: the bottom wall (16) of the excrement pool (30) is an inclined plane, the included angle between the inclined plane and the vertical direction is 10-50 degrees, and the lower end of the cylinder body (1) is arranged on the bottom wall (16).
10. The fermentation pretreatment process according to claim 9, wherein: the steel wire grinding disc device comprises a lower section of the discharging channel (15) and a steel wire wheel grinding disc (17), the steel wire wheel grinding disc (17) is positioned right below the lower section of the discharging channel (15), the steel wire wheel grinding disc (17) can move up and down, and a driving mechanism of the steel wire wheel grinding disc (17) is connected with a controller; the lower section of the discharging channel (15) is a vertical cavity, an upper pressing plate (41) and a lower pressing plate (42) are arranged on the side of the vertical cavity, the upper pressing plate (41) is connected with a transverse air cylinder I (43), the lower pressing plate (42) is connected with a transverse air cylinder II (44), the transverse air cylinder I (43) and the transverse air cylinder II (44) are parallel to each other and are respectively connected with a controller, and the upper pressing plate (41) and the lower pressing plate (42) are connected through hinges; in the initial state, the upper pressing plate (41) is in a vertical state, the lower pressing plate (42) is in an inclined state, and an included angle between the lower pressing plate and the upper pressing plate (41) is 135 degrees; when the cake structure (16) falls onto the lower pressing plate (42), the transverse cylinder I (43) is controlled to extend to press the cake structure (16), and then the transverse cylinder II (44) is controlled to retract to enable the lower pressing plate (42) to be in a vertical state; and then controlling the wire wheel polishing disc (17) to rotate and move upwards according to a set speed until the whole cake structure (16) is broken up into particles.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR200304352Y1 (en) * | 2002-11-22 | 2003-02-19 | 주식회사 풍전 | Particles caking separator |
| CN106810302A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2017-06-09 | 陈德涌 | It is a kind of to cultivate the method that excrement dirt recycling produces organic fertilizer |
| CN115771988A (en) * | 2022-11-16 | 2023-03-10 | 浙江弘洋牧业有限公司 | Excrement treatment device and treatment method thereof |
-
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- 2023-09-19 CN CN202311210643.4A patent/CN117263726A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR200304352Y1 (en) * | 2002-11-22 | 2003-02-19 | 주식회사 풍전 | Particles caking separator |
| CN106810302A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2017-06-09 | 陈德涌 | It is a kind of to cultivate the method that excrement dirt recycling produces organic fertilizer |
| CN115771988A (en) * | 2022-11-16 | 2023-03-10 | 浙江弘洋牧业有限公司 | Excrement treatment device and treatment method thereof |
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