CN117263038A - Portal crane anti-collision device and anti-collision method thereof - Google Patents

Portal crane anti-collision device and anti-collision method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117263038A
CN117263038A CN202311536209.5A CN202311536209A CN117263038A CN 117263038 A CN117263038 A CN 117263038A CN 202311536209 A CN202311536209 A CN 202311536209A CN 117263038 A CN117263038 A CN 117263038A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
seat
support
collision
rail
gantry crane
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN202311536209.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN117263038B (en
Inventor
黄文龙
杨二超
葛兴宽
葛述哲
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Henan Tunnel Machinery Co ltd
Original Assignee
Henan Tunnel Machinery Co ltd
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Publication date
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Priority to CN202311536209.5A priority Critical patent/CN117263038B/en
Publication of CN117263038A publication Critical patent/CN117263038A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN117263038B publication Critical patent/CN117263038B/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C15/00—Safety gear
    • B66C15/04—Safety gear for preventing collisions, e.g. between cranes or trolleys operating on the same track
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D63/00—Brakes not otherwise provided for; Brakes combining more than one of the types of groups F16D49/00 - F16D61/00
    • F16D63/008—Brakes acting on a linearly moving member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
    • F16F15/022—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using dampers and springs in combination
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
    • F16F15/023—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using fluid means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
    • F16F15/04—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means
    • F16F15/06—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means with metal springs
    • F16F15/067—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means with metal springs using only wound springs

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of gantry crane anticollision, and discloses a gantry crane anticollision device and an anticollision method thereof. According to the invention, the guide seat can press the brake top to descend and be in friction fit with the surface of the rail to generate braking. The upper extrusion seat and the fixed seat are simultaneously supported in a buffering way through the buffering oil cylinder, and the upper extrusion seat and the buffering oil cylinder are respectively provided with a plurality of groups, so that along with the retraction process of the guide seat, the upper extrusion seat is contacted with the buffering oil cylinder for a plurality of times, and the number of the contacts is increased by the increasing process, so that a plurality of buffering and a plurality of groups of buffering are formed.

Description

Portal crane anti-collision device and anti-collision method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of gantry crane collision avoidance, and particularly relates to a gantry crane collision avoidance device and a collision avoidance method thereof.
Background
The gantry crane is an apparatus for lifting and transporting goods or heavy objects, and generally, 50 ton class gantry cranes are commonly used. Generally, the anti-collision method of the gantry crane adopts a distance sensor and the like to detect the distance between the gantry crane and an obstacle, and when the distance exceeds an early warning threshold value, a brake shoe is started for braking. However, the detection mode has low relative accuracy in an industrial environment, and both dust and temporarily occurring obstacles can cause erroneous judgment or late judgment. Thus bringing inconvenience to construction. The application provides an anti-collision device which can be used cooperatively with the existing anti-collision method, and can effectively play roles of buffering protection and braking when collision occurs with a truly threatening obstacle.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the background art, the invention provides a portal crane anti-collision device and an anti-collision method thereof.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an anti-collision device of a gantry crane and an anti-collision method thereof comprise a gantry crane body and also comprise;
the external auxiliary modules are fixedly connected to two sides of the gantry crane body base;
the brake module is connected to the inner cavity of the external auxiliary module in a sliding manner;
the collision seat is fixedly assembled at the end part of the brake module;
the external auxiliary module comprises a shell and a cantilever fixedly connected to the inside of the shell;
the brake module comprises a guide seat, the guide seat is connected with the shell in a sliding way to form a telescopic structure along the rail direction, the bottom of the guide seat is connected with a first support through a pressing wheel in a rolling way, the bottom of the first support is fixedly connected with a second support which is connected with the shell in a vertical sliding way, a brake top is arranged at the bottom of the second support and can be attached to the rail along with the downward movement of the second support, and a plurality of upper extrusion seats and fixing seats are respectively arranged on the inner sides of the guide seat and the first support;
the cantilever is provided with a plurality of buffer cylinders which are equidistantly arranged and are used for supporting between the upper extrusion seat and the fixed seat for buffering when the guide seat contracts inwards towards the shell.
Preferably, notches are formed on two side edges of the first support, and when the pinch roller walks along one side edge of the first support and enters the notches, the brake top is positioned on the rail and is not contacted with the rail;
when the pinch roller walks along the horizontal part of one side of the support, the brake top is pressed down to be attached to the surface of the rail.
Preferably, the external auxiliary module further comprises a spring rod, and the bottom end of the spring rod is fixedly connected with the second support to lift the second support upwards;
when the pinch roller is positioned at the bottommost part of the notch, the second support is lifted to the uppermost part by the spring rod.
Preferably, the external auxiliary module further comprises a sliding rail seat arranged on the side wall of the external auxiliary module, a sliding rail is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the sliding rail seat, and the sliding rail seat is mounted on the top of the shell through a screw rod and a positioning nut ceiling.
Preferably, a steel rope is hung on one end of the cantilever, which faces the collision seat, and the external auxiliary module.
Preferably, the cantilever is provided with the shaft seat at equal intervals, the shaft seat bearing is connected with the spring seat, the spring seat is elastically connected with the side part of the buffer oil cylinder, and the spring seat can elastically move in the extending direction of the buffer oil cylinder to the cantilever through the buffer oil cylinder.
Preferably, the spring seat comprises an outer cover, a push rod and a spring sleeved in the inner cavity of the outer cover, and an assembly metal plate fixedly connected to the push rod;
the ejector rod is elastically supported through a spring, and the assembly metal plate is fixedly connected with the buffer oil cylinder.
Preferably, the fixing seat is arched with a bevel edge, and when the pinch roller walks along a horizontal part of one side of the support, the bevel edge of the fixing seat is supported at the bottom of the buffer oil cylinder;
the output end of the buffer oil cylinder is fixedly connected with a lower extrusion seat, and when the pinch roller walks along a horizontal part of one side of the support, the inclined surface of the lower extrusion seat is attached to the inclined surface of the upper extrusion seat and slides relatively.
An anti-collision method for a gantry crane comprises the following steps:
s1, fixedly mounting a gantry crane anti-collision device on two sides of a gantry crane movable base;
s2, arranging a brake top of the anti-collision device above the rail so that the brake top is not in contact with the surface of the rail in an initial state, and keeping the state;
s3, when two adjacent gantry cranes approach or the gantry cranes collide with an obstacle, the collision seat of the gantry crane anti-collision device firstly receives collision impact, and the collision seat extrudes the braking module to shrink into the external auxiliary module, so that the braking top is tightly clung to the rail for sliding braking, and impact energy is synchronously absorbed and released through the shrinkage of the buffer oil cylinder.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the telescopic mechanism is formed by the external auxiliary module and the brake module, and when the collision seat collides, the telescopic mechanism pushes the brake module to shrink towards the inside of the external auxiliary module, so that the guide seat can press the brake top to descend and be in friction fit with the surface of the rail to generate braking. The upper extrusion seat and the fixed seat are simultaneously supported in a buffering way through the buffering oil cylinder, and the upper extrusion seat and the buffering oil cylinder are respectively provided with a plurality of groups, so that along with the retraction process of the guide seat, the upper extrusion seat is contacted with the buffering oil cylinder for a plurality of times, and the number of the contacts is increased by the increasing process, so that a plurality of buffering and a plurality of groups of buffering are formed.
According to the invention, the whole buffer oil cylinder rotates in a bearing connection mode between the shaft seat and the spring seat. The device can be effectively abutted when in work, can also realize reversion after collision is finished, reduces the occupied length of the device in the height direction, facilitates the retraction of the brake module to the initial position without disassembling and installing related components, and improves the convenience and efficiency of use.
According to the invention, the elastic mechanism is formed by matching the assembled metal plate with the outer cover, the ejector rod and the spring, so that the inclined downward length of the buffer oil cylinder in an initial state can be shortened, the buffer oil cylinder can smoothly rotate to the right side of the inclined edge of the fixed seat as shown in fig. 4 by matching with the shaft seat, after the buffer oil cylinder is subjected to pressure from the upper extrusion seat, the spring is compressed at first, so that the extension of the bottom of the buffer oil cylinder is supported on the inclined surface of the fixed seat, a stable support between the fixed seat and the upper extrusion seat is formed, and the buffer oil cylinder can be retracted when the buffer oil cylinder is separated from the pressure.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an assembled schematic view of a gantry crane anti-collision device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the gantry crane collision avoidance device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a spring seat according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the portal crane collision avoidance device of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view showing a state that the buffer cylinder of the present invention is propped between the upper pressing seat and the lower pressing seat.
In the figure: 100. an external auxiliary module; 101. a housing; 102. a slide rail seat; 103. a slide rail; 104. a screw; 105. positioning a nut; 106. a spring rod; 107. a cantilever; 108. a shaft seat; 109. a wire rope; 200. a brake module; 201. a guide seat; 202. an upper extrusion seat; 203. a pinch roller; 204. a first support; 2041. a notch; 205. a second support; 206. a brake top; 207. a spring seat; 2071. an outer cover; 2072. a push rod; 2073. a spring; 2074. assembling metal plates; 208. a buffer cylinder; 2081. a lower extrusion seat; 209. a fixing seat; 300. a collision seat; 400. the gantry crane body.
Description of the embodiments
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present invention provides a collision avoidance device for a gantry crane and a collision avoidance method thereof,
including portal crane body 400, still including:
the external auxiliary modules 100 are fixedly connected to two sides of the base of the gantry crane body 400;
the brake module 200 is connected to the inner cavity of the external auxiliary module 100 in a sliding manner;
the collision seat 300, the collision seat 300 is fixedly assembled at the end of the brake module 200;
wherein, the external auxiliary module 100 comprises a housing 101 and a cantilever 107 fixedly connected to the interior of the housing 101;
the brake module 200 comprises a guide seat 201, the guide seat 201 and the shell 101 are connected in a sliding manner to form a telescopic structure along the rail direction, a first support 204 is connected to the bottom of the guide seat 201 in a rolling manner through a pressing wheel 203, a second support 205 which is connected with the shell 101 in a vertical sliding manner is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first support 204, a brake top 206 is arranged at the bottom of the second support 205, the brake top 206 can be attached to the rail along with the downward movement of the second support 205, and a plurality of upper extrusion seats 202 and fixing seats 209 are respectively arranged on the inner sides of the guide seat 201 and the first support 204;
the cantilever 107 is provided with a plurality of buffer cylinders 208 which are equidistantly arranged for buffering between the upper extrusion seat 202 and the fixed seat 209 when the guide seat 201 is retracted inwards of the shell 101.
The device mainly comprises an external auxiliary module 100 and a brake module 200, wherein the external auxiliary module 100 and the brake module 200 are telescopic mechanisms, when a collision seat 300 firstly collides with an obstacle, the collision seat pushes the brake module 200 to shrink towards the inside of the external auxiliary module 100, so that a guide seat 201 can press a support I204, a support II 205 and a brake top 206 to descend, and the support II 205 is in vertical sliding connection with a shell 101, and is limited but can ascend and descend. The bottom of the brake pads 206 frictionally engage the rail surface to provide a braking effect. And the upper extrusion seat 202 and the fixed seat 209 are supported in a buffering way through the buffering oil cylinder 208, so that impact kinetic energy is consumed, and the braking effect is enhanced. And the upper extrusion seat 202 and the buffer cylinder 208 are provided with a plurality of groups, so that along with the retraction process of the guide seat 201, the upper extrusion seat 202 contacts the buffer cylinder 208 for a plurality of times, and the number of contacts is increased to form a plurality of buffering and a plurality of groups of buffering.
As shown in fig. 2 and 4, notches 2041 are formed on both sides of the first support 204, and when the pinch roller 203 walks along the side of the first support 204 and enters the notches 2041, the brake pads 206 are positioned on the rails and do not contact with the rails;
when the pressing wheel 203 walks along the horizontal part of the side edge of the first support 204, the braking top 206 presses down against the surface of the rail;
as shown in fig. 4, the external auxiliary module 100 further includes a spring rod 106, and the bottom end of the spring rod 106 is fixedly connected with the second support 205 to lift the second support 205 upwards;
when puck 203 is at the bottom of recess 2041, support two 205 is pulled up to the top by spring bar 106.
Since the height of the guide holder 201 can be fixed, when the pressing wheel 203 walks along the side edge of the first support 204, it passes over the notch 2041 and presses the straight line portion of the first support 204, so that the first support 204, the second support 205 and the brake pad 206 are synchronously pressed down, and the brake pad 206 can be tightly attached to the rail to slide and rub with the rail, so as to generate a braking effect. At the same time, the springs on the spring rod 106 are compressed. When the downward effect of pressing the first support 204 by the pressing wheel 203 is lost, the spring on the spring rod 106 returns to the initial state to lift the first support 204 and other components again, and the brake top 206 can be separated from contact with the rail, so that the braking effect is relieved. The switching between the above two states depends primarily on whether the rollers of puck 203 are located in recess 2041.
As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the external auxiliary module 100 further includes a sliding rail seat 102 disposed on a side wall thereof, a sliding rail 103 is fixedly mounted on an inner wall of the sliding rail seat 102, and the sliding rail seat 102 is suspended on a top of the housing 101 through a screw 104 and a positioning nut 105.
The fixed installation of the slide rail seat 102 can be realized through the cooperation of the screw rod 104 and the positioning nuts 105, but after the two positioning nuts 105 positioned in the middle are loosened, the screw rod 104 can carry the slide rail seat 102 to move in the vertical direction, so that the aim of adjusting the overall height of the slide rail seat 102 through cooperation with other screws is fulfilled, and therefore, the overall height of the guide seat 201 is adjustable and is used for carrying out some adaptive adjustment.
As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the end of the cantilever arm 107 facing the crash seat 300 is suspended from the external auxiliary module 100 by a wire rope 109.
The end of the cantilever 107 is fixedly connected with the end of the housing 101, but the other end is in a suspended state, and the cantilever is positioned in the guide seat 201, so that stable connection with the guide seat 201 cannot be realized, and then the front ends of the housing 101 and the cantilever 107 are connected by arranging the steel cable 109 from the rear, so that the stability of the cantilever 107 is enhanced, and the cantilever is staggered in the sliding direction of other parts, so that the operation of other parts in the interior is not influenced.
As shown in fig. 2, the cantilever 107 is equidistantly provided with the shaft seat 108, the shaft seat 108 is connected with the spring seat 207 in a bearing manner, the spring seat 207 is elastically connected with the side part of the buffer oil cylinder 208, and the spring seat 207 can elastically move towards the cantilever 107 in the extending direction of the buffer oil cylinder 208 through the buffer oil cylinder 208.
The bearing connection between the axle seat 108 and the spring seat 207 may allow the entire buffer cylinder 208 to rotate. The brake module 200 can be effectively abutted when in work, can be reversed after the collision is finished, the occupied length of the brake module in the height direction is reduced, the brake module 200 is conveniently retracted to the initial position without disassembling and installing related components, and the convenience and the efficiency of use are improved.
As shown in fig. 3, the spring seat 207 comprises a housing 2071, a push rod 2072 sleeved in the cavity of the housing 2071, a spring 2073 and an assembly metal plate 2074 fixedly connected to the push rod 2072;
wherein, ejector pin 2072 passes through spring 2073 elastic support, and assembly panel beating 2074 and buffer cylinder 208 fixed connection.
The above-mentioned assembled metal plate 2074 is a commonly used L-shaped metal plate structure, the short side of which is supported at the bottom of the buffer cylinder 208, the long side extends along the length direction of the buffer cylinder 208 and cooperates with the outer cover 2071, the ejector rod 2072 and the spring 2073 to form an elastic supporting mechanism, the purpose of the elastic supporting structure is to shorten the length of the buffer cylinder 208 obliquely downward in the initial state, and the elastic supporting structure can cooperate with the shaft seat 108 to smoothly rotate to the right side of the inclined edge of the fixed seat 209 as shown in fig. 4, after receiving the pressure from the upper extrusion seat 202, the spring 2073 is compressed first, so that the extension of the bottom of the buffer cylinder 208 is supported on the inclined surface of the fixed seat 209, and a stable support between the fixed seat 209 and the upper extrusion seat 202 is formed. Fasteners which can be matched with each other can be arranged on the bottom of the buffer oil cylinder 208 and the fixed seat 209 for butt joint, which is a common means for maintaining the stability in the prior art, and is shown in the application.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the fixing base 209 is arched with a bevel edge, and when the pressing wheel 203 walks along the horizontal part of the side edge of the first support 204, the bevel edge of the fixing base 209 is supported at the bottom of the buffer cylinder 208;
the output end of the buffer cylinder 208 is fixedly connected with a lower extrusion seat 2081, and when the pressing wheel 203 walks along the horizontal part of the side edge of the first support 204, the inclined surface of the lower extrusion seat 2081 is attached to the inclined surface of the upper extrusion seat 202 and slides relatively.
When the pressing wheel 203 breaks away from the notch 2041 and walks along the horizontal straight line part of the first support 204, the whole height of the mechanism formed by the first support 204, the second support 205 and the brake top 206 is reduced, the bottom end of the buffer cylinder 208 is lapped on the fixed seat 209 as shown in fig. 4, at this time, the shaft seat 108 installed on the buffer cylinder is deflected to the fixed seat 209 due to gravity, so that the bottom of the buffer cylinder 208 and the inclined plane of the fixed seat 209 are in a state to be contacted, and meanwhile, the height of the lower pressing seat 2081 is increased due to rotation, so that in the process of continuously retracting the guide seat 201, the lower pressing seat 2081 and the upper pressing seat 202 with relatively unchanged height can be in inclined plane contact with each other to slide, and the bottom of the buffer cylinder 208 is pushed to be contracted and buffered, the pressure is downwards transmitted to the brake top 206, so that the sliding friction force between the brake top 206 and a rail is increased, and the multiple functions consume collision kinetic energy and buffer braking on a gantry crane.
The working principle and the using flow of the invention are as follows:
fixedly mounting a gantry crane anti-collision device on two sides of a gantry crane moving base;
the brake top 206 of the anti-collision device is arranged above the rail so as not to be in contact with the surface of the rail in the initial state, and the state is kept;
when two adjacent gantry cranes approach or the gantry cranes collide with an obstacle, the collision seat 300 of the gantry crane anti-collision device firstly receives collision impact, the collision seat 300 extrudes the brake module 200 to shrink into the external auxiliary module 100, when the pinch roller 203 arranged on the guide seat 201 walks along the side edge of the support seat I204, the pinch roller 203 passes through the notch 2041 and then presses the straight line part of the support seat I204 with higher level, the support seat I204, the support seat II 205 and the brake top 206 are synchronously pressed down, the brake top 206 can be closely attached to a rail to slide and rub, a braking effect is generated, and impact energy is synchronously absorbed and released through shrinkage of the buffer cylinder 208, and the upper extrusion seat 202 and the buffer cylinder 208 are respectively provided with a plurality of groups, so that multiple contact between the upper extrusion seat 202 and the buffer cylinder 208 can be generated along with the retraction process of the guide seat 201.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a portal crane buffer stop, includes portal crane body (400), its characterized in that still includes:
the external auxiliary modules (100) are fixedly connected to two sides of the base of the gantry crane body (400);
the brake module (200) is connected to the inner cavity of the external auxiliary module (100) in a sliding manner;
a crash seat (300), wherein the crash seat (300) is fixedly assembled at the end part of the brake module (200);
wherein, the external auxiliary module (100) comprises a shell (101) and a cantilever (107) fixedly connected to the inside of the shell (101);
the brake module (200) comprises a guide seat (201), the guide seat (201) is connected with the shell (101) in a sliding manner to form a telescopic structure along the rail direction, a first support (204) is connected to the bottom of the guide seat (201) in a rolling manner through a pressing wheel (203), a second support (205) connected with the shell (101) in a vertical sliding manner is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first support (204), a brake top (206) is arranged at the bottom of the second support (205), the brake top (206) can be attached to a rail along with the second support (205) in a downward moving manner, and a plurality of upper extrusion seats (202) and fixing seats (209) are respectively arranged on the inner sides of the guide seat (201) and the first support (204);
the cantilever (107) is provided with a plurality of buffer cylinders (208) at equal intervals, and the buffer cylinders are used for supporting the upper extrusion seat (202) and the fixed seat (209) for buffering when the guide seat (201) contracts inwards towards the shell (101).
2. The gantry crane collision avoidance device of claim 1 wherein: notches (2041) are formed on two side edges of the first support (204), and when the pressing wheel (203) walks along the side edge of the first support (204) and enters the notches (2041), the brake top (206) is positioned on a rail and is not contacted with the rail;
when the pressing wheel (203) walks along the horizontal part of the side edge of the first support (204), the braking top (206) presses down against the surface of the rail.
3. The gantry crane collision avoidance device of claim 2 wherein: the external auxiliary module (100) further comprises a spring rod (106), and the bottom end of the spring rod (106) is fixedly connected with the second support (205) to lift the second support (205) upwards;
when the pressing wheel (203) is positioned at the bottommost part of the notch (2041), the second support (205) is lifted to the uppermost part by the spring rod (106).
4. The gantry crane collision avoidance device of claim 1 wherein: the external auxiliary module (100) further comprises a sliding rail seat (102) arranged on the side wall of the external auxiliary module, a sliding rail (103) is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the sliding rail seat (102), and the sliding rail seat (102) is suspended on the top of the shell (101) through a screw (104) and a positioning nut (105).
5. A gantry crane collision avoidance device according to claim 3, wherein: one end of the cantilever (107) facing the collision seat (300) is hung with a steel cable (109) on the external auxiliary module (100).
6. The gantry crane collision avoidance device of claim 5 wherein: the cantilever (107) is equidistantly provided with shaft seats (108), the shaft seats (108) are connected with spring seats (207) in a bearing manner, the spring seats (207) are elastically connected with the side parts of the buffer oil cylinders (208), and the spring seats (207) can elastically move towards the cantilever (107) in the extending direction of the buffer oil cylinders (208) through the buffer oil cylinders (208).
7. The gantry crane collision avoidance device of claim 6 wherein: the spring seat (207) comprises an outer cover (2071), a top rod (2072) and a spring (2073) which are sleeved in the inner cavity of the outer cover (2071), and an assembly metal plate (2074) fixedly connected to the top rod (2072);
the ejector rod (2072) is elastically supported by a spring (2073), and the assembly metal plate (2074) is fixedly connected with the buffer cylinder (208).
8. The gantry crane collision avoidance device of claim 7 wherein: the fixed seat (209) is arched with a bevel edge, and when the pressing wheel (203) walks along the horizontal part of the side edge of the first support (204), the bevel edge of the fixed seat (209) is supported at the bottom of the buffer oil cylinder (208);
the output end of the buffer oil cylinder (208) is fixedly connected with a lower extrusion seat (2081), and when the pressing wheel (203) walks along the horizontal part of the side edge of the first support (204), the inclined surface of the lower extrusion seat (2081) is attached to the inclined surface of the upper extrusion seat (202) and slides relatively.
9. An anti-collision method of a gantry crane is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, fixedly mounting the gantry crane anti-collision device according to claim 1 on two sides of a gantry crane moving base;
s2, arranging a brake top (206) of the anti-collision device above the rail so that the brake top is not in contact with the surface of the rail in an initial state, and keeping the state;
s3, when two adjacent gantry cranes approach or the gantry cranes collide with an obstacle, the collision seat (300) of the gantry crane anti-collision device firstly receives collision impact, the collision seat (300) extrudes the brake module (200) to shrink into the external auxiliary module (100), the brake top (206) is made to slide and brake tightly to the rail, and impact energy is synchronously absorbed and released through shrinkage of the buffer oil cylinder (208).
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