CN117260346A - Torsional vibration ultrasonic milling device - Google Patents
Torsional vibration ultrasonic milling device Download PDFInfo
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- CN117260346A CN117260346A CN202311342362.4A CN202311342362A CN117260346A CN 117260346 A CN117260346 A CN 117260346A CN 202311342362 A CN202311342362 A CN 202311342362A CN 117260346 A CN117260346 A CN 117260346A
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- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 36
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001808 coupling effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000015842 Hesperis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012633 Iberis amara Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q5/00—Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
- B23Q5/02—Driving main working members
- B23Q5/027—Driving main working members reciprocating members
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Abstract
The invention discloses a torsional vibration ultrasonic milling device, which comprises: the device comprises a cutter, an amplitude transformer, a first piezoelectric transducer, a second piezoelectric transducer and an adjusting mechanism, wherein the circle center of the plane where the input end of the amplitude transformer is located is an O point, the first piezoelectric transducer and the second piezoelectric transducer are arranged in a central symmetry mode with respect to the circle center O point, the first piezoelectric transducer and the second piezoelectric transducer are arranged at the input end of the amplitude transformer through the adjusting mechanism, and the adjusting mechanism can synchronously drive the first piezoelectric transducer and the second piezoelectric transducer to move in opposite directions or move relatively along the radial direction of the plane of the input end of the amplitude transformer. According to the invention, alternating current is applied to the first piezoelectric transducer and the second piezoelectric transducer, and two amplitudes with the same size are formed in the tangential direction of the positions of the first piezoelectric transducer and the second piezoelectric transducer at the input end of the amplitude transformer, so that the amplitude transformer presents a torsional vibration mode, the cutter presents torsional vibration, and the processing precision of a workpiece is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ultrasonic processing, in particular to a torsional vibration ultrasonic milling device.
Background
Along with the rapid development of high and new technologies such as aerospace, carrier rockets, new energy sources and the like, the realization of the service environment of precise parts is increasingly harsh, the processing quality is high and low, the self fatigue resistance and the working precision of a structural member are seriously affected, great challenges are brought to the mechanical processing industry, and meanwhile, the continuous innovation of the ultrasonic processing technology in the directions of high efficiency, high precision, low damage, low consumption and the like is also promoted.
However, in the traditional milling process, the cutter is always contacted with the workpiece, so that the friction force between the cutter and the workpiece is large, the cutting temperature is high, the cutter is extremely easy to wear, and the cutting force is large, so that the processing quality of the workpiece can be seriously affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that: in order to solve the technical problem of poor milling quality in the prior art, the invention provides a torsional vibration ultrasonic milling device, which improves the processing quality of a workpiece and prolongs the service life of a cutter by improving the structure of the milling device.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: a torsional vibration ultrasonic milling device, comprising: the device comprises a cutter, an amplitude transformer, a first piezoelectric transducer, a second piezoelectric transducer and an adjusting mechanism, wherein the cutter is arranged at the output end of the amplitude transformer, the circle center of a plane where the input end of the amplitude transformer is positioned is an O point, the first piezoelectric transducer and the second piezoelectric transducer are arranged in a central symmetry mode relative to the circle center O point, the first piezoelectric transducer and the second piezoelectric transducer are arranged at the input end of the amplitude transformer through the adjusting mechanism, and the adjusting mechanism can synchronously drive the first piezoelectric transducer and the second piezoelectric transducer to move in opposite directions or move relatively along the radial direction of the plane of the input end of the amplitude transformer; wherein: the axial lead A of the first piezoelectric transducer and the axial lead B of the second piezoelectric transducer are mutually perpendicular to the radial direction of the plane where the input end of the amplitude transformer is located.
When a workpiece is milled, alternating current is applied to the first piezoelectric transducer and the second piezoelectric transducer, two amplitudes with the same size are formed in the tangential direction of the positions of the first piezoelectric transducer and the second piezoelectric transducer at the input end of the amplitude transformer, so that the amplitude transformer presents a torsional vibration mode, a cutter presents torsional vibration, the damage degree of the machined surface of the workpiece can be reduced, and the machining precision of the workpiece is improved; through the direct coupling effect of the first piezoelectric transducer, the second piezoelectric transducer and the amplitude transformer in the ultrasonic frequency mode, the effective conduction of the piezoelectric effect is realized, the conversion efficiency of equivalent impedance matching is improved, the mechanical ineffective vibration can be effectively reduced, the problems of energy loss, serious heating and the like caused by various vibration coupling are avoided, the power loss is reduced, and the conduction efficiency of the first piezoelectric transducer and the second piezoelectric transducer is improved; meanwhile, because the amplitudes of the torsional vibrations required by different processing materials are different, the distance between the first piezoelectric transducer and the second piezoelectric transducer needs to be adjusted so as to realize different torsional vibration amplitudes of different processing materials, and further improve the processing quality and the processing efficiency of the workpiece.
Further, the adjusting mechanism includes: the device comprises a bidirectional threaded rod, a first sliding block and a second sliding block, wherein the first sliding block and the second sliding block penetrate through the bidirectional threaded rod and are in sliding connection with the bidirectional threaded rod, and the first sliding block and the second sliding block are symmetrical with respect to the center O point center.
Further, the first piezoelectric transducer and the second piezoelectric transducer are respectively located at two sides of the outer peripheral surface of the bidirectional threaded rod, the first piezoelectric transducer is connected with the first sliding block, and the second piezoelectric transducer is connected with the second sliding block. Thereby, it is ensured that the first piezoelectric transducer and the second piezoelectric transducer can generate two amplitudes of the same magnitude.
Further, the adjusting mechanism further includes: the two adjusting parts are respectively arranged at two ends of the bidirectional threaded rod. Therefore, the relative position between the first sliding block and the second sliding block can be adjusted through the adjusting piece, so that the moment formed by the first piezoelectric transducer and the second piezoelectric transducer and the size of the moment arm can be adjusted, the torsional vibration amplitude of the cutter can be regulated, the service life of the cutter can be further prolonged, and the processing quality and the processing efficiency of a workpiece can be improved.
Further, the axial lead C of the bidirectional threaded rod and the radial direction of the plane where the input end of the amplitude transformer is positioned are mutually overlapped. Thereby, it is ensured that the first piezoelectric transducer, the second piezoelectric transducer are movable in a radial direction along the plane of the horn input.
Further, a mounting groove is formed in the radial direction of the plane where the input end of the amplitude transformer is located, the bidirectional threaded rod penetrates through the mounting groove along the axial direction of the mounting groove, one end of the first sliding block and one end of the second sliding block are inserted into the mounting groove along the axial direction of the mounting groove, and the adjusting piece is located outside the mounting groove. From this, can carry out effectual spacing to first slider and second slider for first slider, second slider only remove at the axial direction of two-way threaded rod, and can not take place to rock, and then make first piezoelectric transducer and second piezoelectric transducer remain stable throughout at the in-process that removes.
Further, the shape of the amplitude transformer is conical, a mounting flange is arranged at the pitch circle of the amplitude transformer, the diameter of the plane where the output end of the amplitude transformer is positioned is D1, and the diameter of the plane where the input end of the amplitude transformer is positioned is D2; wherein: d1 is less than D2. Thereby, the secondary amplification of the torsional vibration amplitude of the input end of the conical amplitude transformer is realized.
Further, the first piezoelectric transducer includes: the piezoelectric ceramic plate is connected with the first sliding block and the compression nut, and the piezoelectric ceramic plate and the electrode plates penetrate through the connecting rod.
Further, the direction from one end of the connecting rod far away from the compression nut to one end close to the compression nut is taken as a first direction, and the electrode plates and the piezoelectric ceramic plates are alternately arranged; wherein: the number of the piezoelectric ceramic plates is equal to that of the electrode plates. Thereby, the first piezoelectric transducer converts the electric signal output from the ultrasonic generator into ultrasonic longitudinal vibration.
Further, the axis of the cutter and the axis of the amplitude transformer are mutually overlapped. Therefore, the deviation of the cutter is reduced, and the cutter is prevented from jumping.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. when the workpiece is milled, alternating current is applied to the first piezoelectric transducer and the second piezoelectric transducer, and two amplitudes with the same size are formed in the tangential direction of the positions of the first piezoelectric transducer and the second piezoelectric transducer at the input end of the amplitude transformer, so that the amplitude transformer presents a torsional vibration mode, a cutter presents torsional vibration, the damage degree of the machined surface of the workpiece can be reduced, and the machining precision of the workpiece is improved; through the direct coupling effect of the first piezoelectric transducer, the second piezoelectric transducer and the amplitude transformer in the ultrasonic frequency mode, the effective conduction of the piezoelectric effect is realized, the conversion efficiency of equivalent impedance matching is improved, the mechanical ineffective vibration can be effectively reduced, the problems of energy loss, serious heating and the like caused by various vibration coupling are avoided, the power loss is reduced, and the conduction efficiency of the first piezoelectric transducer and the second piezoelectric transducer is improved; meanwhile, because the amplitudes of the torsional vibrations required by different processing materials are different, the distance between the first piezoelectric transducer and the second piezoelectric transducer needs to be adjusted so as to realize different torsional vibration amplitudes of different processing materials, and further improve the processing quality and the processing efficiency of the workpiece.
2. According to the invention, the relative positions of the first sliding block and the second sliding block can be adjusted through the adjusting piece, so that the moment formed by the first piezoelectric transducer and the second piezoelectric transducer and the magnitude of the moment arm can be adjusted, the adjustment and control of the torsional vibration amplitude of the cutter can be realized, the service life of the cutter can be further prolonged, and the processing quality and the processing efficiency of a workpiece can be improved.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a torsional vibration ultrasonic milling device of the present invention from a first perspective;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a torsional vibration ultrasonic milling device of the present invention from a second perspective;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the horn and mounting flange of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the adjusting mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an exploded view of a first piezoelectric transducer of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a right side view of the torsional vibration ultrasonic milling device of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an exploded view of a second piezoelectric transducer of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the torsional vibration ultrasonic milling device of the present invention with the adjustment mechanism removed;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the present invention in tangential direction;
fig. 10 is a schematic view of the pitch circle location of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a cutter; 2. a horn; 201. a mounting groove; 3. a first piezoelectric transducer; 301. a connecting rod; 302. a piezoelectric ceramic sheet; 303. an electrode sheet; 304. a compression nut; 4. a second piezoelectric transducer; 5. an adjusting mechanism; 501. a two-way threaded rod; 5011. a first thread segment; 5012. a second thread segment; 502. a first slider; 5021. a first mounting portion; 5022. a second mounting portion; 503. a second slider; 504. an adjusting member; 505. a connecting pin; 6. and (5) mounting a flange.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are simplified schematic representations which merely illustrate the basic structure of the invention and therefore show only the structures which are relevant to the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, features defining "first", "second" may include one or more such features, either explicitly or implicitly. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
As shown in fig. 1 to 10, which are preferred embodiments of the present invention, a torsional vibration ultrasonic milling device of the present embodiment includes: the cutting tool 1, the amplitude transformer 2, the first piezoelectric transducer 3, the second piezoelectric transducer 4 and the regulating mechanism 5, wherein the cutting tool 1 is arranged at the output end of the amplitude transformer 2, the circle center of the plane where the input end of the amplitude transformer 2 is positioned is an O point, the first piezoelectric transducer 3 and the second piezoelectric transducer 4 are arranged in a central symmetry manner about the circle center O point, the first piezoelectric transducer 3 and the second piezoelectric transducer 4 are arranged at the input end of the amplitude transformer 2 through the regulating mechanism 5, and the regulating mechanism 5 can synchronously drive the first piezoelectric transducer 3 and the second piezoelectric transducer 4 to move in opposite directions or move relatively along the radial direction of the plane at the input end of the amplitude transformer 2; wherein: the axial lead A of the first piezoelectric transducer 3 and the axial lead B of the second piezoelectric transducer 4 are mutually perpendicular to the radial direction of the plane where the input end of the amplitude transformer 2 is positioned. Therefore, when milling a workpiece, alternating current is applied to the first piezoelectric transducer 3 and the second piezoelectric transducer 4, and tangential directions (as shown in fig. 9, circle drawing is performed by taking an O point as a circle center and taking half of the distance between an axis line A and an axis line B as a radius, and a direction perpendicular to the tangential line of the circle is a tangential direction) of positions of the first piezoelectric transducer 3 and the second piezoelectric transducer 4 are arranged at the input end of the amplitude transformer 2, so that the amplitude transformer 2 presents a torsional vibration mode, the cutter 1 presents torsional vibration, the damage degree of the processed surface of the workpiece can be reduced, and the processing precision of the workpiece is improved; through the direct coupling effect of the first piezoelectric transducer 3, the second piezoelectric transducer 4 and the amplitude transformer 2 in the ultrasonic frequency mode, the effective conduction of the piezoelectric effect is realized, the conversion efficiency of equivalent impedance matching is improved, the mechanical ineffective vibration can be effectively reduced, the problems of energy loss, serious heating and the like caused by various vibration coupling are avoided, the power loss is reduced, and the conduction efficiency of the first piezoelectric transducer 3 and the second piezoelectric transducer 4 is improved; meanwhile, because the amplitudes of the torsional vibrations required by different processing materials are different, the distance between the first piezoelectric transducer 3 and the second piezoelectric transducer 4 needs to be adjusted to realize different torsional vibration amplitudes of different processing materials, so that the processing quality and the processing efficiency of the workpiece are further improved.
In other words, since the tool 1 exhibits torsional vibration, the contact mode of the tool 1 and the workpiece is a pulsed contact mode, compared with the contact mode of the existing tool 1 and the workpiece which are always contacted, when the milling processing is performed, higher temperature and higher pressure are not generated between the tool 1 and the workpiece, so that the processing quality of the workpiece can be improved, and the service life of the tool 1 can be prolonged.
Specifically, under the condition that the output forces of the first piezoelectric transducer 3 and the second piezoelectric transducer 4 are not changed, the distance between the first piezoelectric transducer 3 and the second piezoelectric transducer 4 is positively correlated with the torsional vibration amplitude of the input end of the conical amplitude transformer 2 (that is, the distance between the first piezoelectric transducer 3 and the second piezoelectric transducer 4 is increased, and the torsional vibration amplitude of the input end of the conical amplitude transformer 2 is increased).
For example, when the work piece is an aluminum alloy material, the corresponding torsional vibration amplitude of the tool 1 is: when the workpiece is made of carbon fiber material, the torsional vibration amplitude of the corresponding cutter 1 is 8-10 mu m: when the processing workpiece is made of titanium alloy material, the torsional vibration amplitude of the corresponding cutter 1 is 3-5 mu m: 16-18 μm.
In the present embodiment, the adjusting mechanism 5 includes: the bidirectional threaded rod 501, the first slider 502, the second slider 503 and two adjusting parts 504, the first slider 502 and the second slider 503 penetrate through the bidirectional threaded rod 501 and are in sliding connection with the bidirectional threaded rod 501, the first slider 502 and the second slider 503 are symmetrical about the center O point center, the two adjusting parts 504 are respectively arranged at two ends of the bidirectional threaded rod 501, the first piezoelectric transducer 3 and the second piezoelectric transducer 4 are respectively arranged at two sides of the outer peripheral surface of the bidirectional threaded rod 501, the first piezoelectric transducer 3 is connected with the first slider 502, the second piezoelectric transducer 4 is connected with the second slider 503, and the axial lead C of the bidirectional threaded rod 501 and the radial direction of the plane where the input end of the amplitude transformer 2 are located coincide with each other. Specifically, the bi-directional threaded rod 501 includes: the first sliding block 502 is in threaded connection with the first threaded section 5011, and the second sliding block 503 is in threaded connection with the second threaded section 5012; the first slider 502 and the second slider 503 are identical in structure, and the first slider 502 includes: the first mounting portion 5021 and the second mounting portion 5022, the first mounting portion 5021 is connected with the second mounting portion 5022, the longitudinal section shape of the first mounting portion 5021 is the same as that of the mounting groove 201, the first mounting portion 5021 is embedded in the mounting groove 201 and connected with the first thread segment 5011, and the second mounting portion 5022 is located outside the mounting groove 201 and connected with the connecting rod 301; the two adjusting parts 504 are respectively marked as a first adjusting part 504 and a second adjusting part 504, the first adjusting part 504 is connected with the other end of the first thread segment 5011, and the second adjusting part 504 is connected with the other end of the second thread segment 5012; ensuring that the first piezoelectric transducer 3 and the second piezoelectric transducer 4 are capable of producing two amplitudes of equal size; the relative positions between the first slider 502 and the second slider 503 can be adjusted through the adjusting piece 504, so that the moment and the force arm formed by the first piezoelectric transducer 3 and the second piezoelectric transducer 4 can be adjusted, the adjustment and the control of the torsional vibration amplitude of the cutter 1 are realized, the service life of the cutter 1 is further prolonged, and the processing quality and the processing efficiency of workpieces are improved; it is ensured that the first piezoelectric transducer 3 and the second piezoelectric transducer 4 can move in the radial direction of the plane in which the input end of the horn 2 is located.
In this embodiment, the radial direction of the plane where the input end of the horn 2 is located is provided with the mounting groove 201, the bidirectional threaded rod 501 penetrates through the mounting groove 201 along the axial direction of the mounting groove 201, one end of the first slider 502 and one end of the second slider 503 are both inserted into the mounting groove 201 along the axial direction of the mounting groove 201, and the adjusting member 504 is located outside the mounting groove 201. Specifically, the longitudinal section of the mounting groove 201 is trapezoidal, the upper bottom of the trapezoid is located at one side close to the second mounting portion 5022, and the lower bottom of the trapezoid is located at one side far from the second mounting portion 5022; can carry out effectual spacing to first slider 502 and second slider 503 for first slider 502, second slider 503 only move at the axial direction of two-way threaded rod 501, and can not take place to rock, and then make first piezoelectric transducer 3 and second piezoelectric transducer 4 remain stable throughout the in-process that removes.
In the embodiment, the shape of the amplitude transformer 2 is conical, a mounting flange 6 is arranged at a pitch circle (as shown in fig. 10, the pitch circle refers to a circle surface where the amplitude transformer 2 does not vibrate), the diameter of a plane where the output end of the amplitude transformer 2 is positioned is D1, and the diameter of a plane where the input end of the amplitude transformer 2 is positioned is D2; wherein: d1 is less than D2. Thereby, the secondary amplification of the torsional vibration amplitude of the input end of the conical amplitude transformer 2 is realized.
Specifically, the secondary magnification is generally 2 to 3.5 times.
As shown in fig. 5, the first piezoelectric transducer 3 includes: the piezoelectric ceramic plates 302 and the electrode plates 303 penetrate through the connecting rod 301, the direction from one end of the connecting rod 301 far away from the compression nut 304 to one end close to the compression nut 304 is the first direction, and the electrode plates 303 and the piezoelectric ceramic plates 302 are alternately arranged; wherein: the number of piezoelectric ceramic pieces 302 is equal to the number of electrode pieces 303. Thereby, the first piezoelectric transducer 3 converts the electric signal output from the ultrasonic generator into ultrasonic longitudinal vibration (vibration in the first direction).
In this embodiment, the first piezoelectric transducer 3 takes two piezoelectric ceramic plates 302 and two electrode plates as examples, where the two piezoelectric ceramic plates 302 are respectively marked as a first piezoelectric ceramic plate and a second piezoelectric ceramic plate, and the two electrode plates are respectively marked as a first electrode plate and a second electrode plate, and the mounting modes of the two piezoelectric ceramic plates 302 and the two electrode plates are as follows: and a first electrode plate, a first piezoelectric ceramic plate, a second electrode plate and a second piezoelectric ceramic plate are sequentially arranged along the first direction.
The first piezoelectric transducer 3 and the second piezoelectric transducer 4 are identical in structure.
As shown in fig. 7, the second piezoelectric transducer 4 includes: the connecting rod 301, a plurality of piezoceramics piece 302, a plurality of electrode piece 303 and gland nut 304, the both ends of connecting rod 301 are connected with second slider 503, gland nut 304 respectively, and piezoceramics piece 302, electrode piece 303 all run through connecting rod 301 to the direction that gland nut 304 one end was kept away from to gland nut 304 one end was close to connecting rod 301 is the second direction, and electrode piece 303, piezoceramics piece 302 set up in turn. Thereby, the second piezoelectric transducer 4 converts the electric signal output from the ultrasonic generator into ultrasonic longitudinal vibration (vibration in the second direction).
In this embodiment, the first piezoelectric transducer 3 converts an electrical signal output by the ultrasonic generator into ultrasonic longitudinal vibration, the second piezoelectric transducer 4 converts an electrical signal output by the ultrasonic generator (not shown in the figure) into ultrasonic longitudinal vibration, the longitudinal vibration generated by the first piezoelectric transducer 3 and the second piezoelectric transducer 4 is converted into torsional vibration through the first slider 502 and the second slider 503, and the torsional vibration is transmitted to the input end of the conical amplitude transformer 2 (namely, primary amplification of torsional vibration), and is further amplified by the conical amplitude transformer 2 (namely, secondary amplification of torsional vibration) and then transmitted to the cutter 1.
In this embodiment, the second piezoelectric transducer 4 takes two piezoelectric ceramic plates 302 and two electrode plates as examples, where the two piezoelectric ceramic plates 302 are respectively marked as a first piezoelectric ceramic plate and a second piezoelectric ceramic plate, and the two electrode plates are respectively marked as a first electrode plate and a second electrode plate, and the mounting modes of the two piezoelectric ceramic plates 302 and the two electrode plates are as follows: and a first electrode plate, a first piezoelectric ceramic plate, a second electrode plate and a second piezoelectric ceramic plate are sequentially arranged along the second direction.
It should be noted that: as shown in fig. 8, considering the problem of acoustic transmission coupling between the first piezoelectric transducer 3 and the second piezoelectric transducer 4 and the horn 2, after the distance between the first piezoelectric transducer 3 and the second piezoelectric transducer 4 is determined, the contact surfaces of the first piezoelectric transducer 3 and the second piezoelectric transducer 4 and the horn 2 are subjected to gluing treatment, the first sliding block 502 and the second sliding block 503 are fixed at the input end of the horn 2 through locking bolts, and finally the bidirectional threaded rod 501 and the adjusting piece 504 are removed (when the bidirectional threaded rod is removed, the connecting pin 505 is firstly taken out, so that the first threaded section 5011 is separated from the second threaded section 5012, and then the first threaded section 5011 and the second threaded section 5012 are respectively taken out from two directions), so as to ensure that ultrasonic energy transmission is unobstructed.
The milling process of the workpiece comprises the following steps: in the milling process of the workpiece, the distance between the first piezoelectric transducer 3 and the second piezoelectric transducer 4 is adjusted, then the adjusting mechanism 5 is removed, then the whole device is installed on a main shaft (not shown in the figure) of a machine tool through the installation flange 6, and further the whole device is controlled through the machine tool (not shown in the figure) so as to realize torsional vibration ultrasonic milling of the workpiece.
In summary, when milling a workpiece, alternating current is applied to the first piezoelectric transducer 3 and the second piezoelectric transducer 4, two amplitudes with the same magnitude are formed in the tangential direction of the positions of the first piezoelectric transducer 3 and the second piezoelectric transducer 4 at the input end of the amplitude transformer 2, so that the amplitude transformer 2 presents a torsional vibration mode, the cutter 1 presents torsional vibration, the damage degree of the processed surface of the workpiece can be reduced, and the processing precision of the workpiece is improved; through the direct coupling effect of the first piezoelectric transducer 3, the second piezoelectric transducer 4 and the amplitude transformer 2 in the ultrasonic frequency mode, the effective conduction of the piezoelectric effect is realized, the conversion efficiency of equivalent impedance matching is improved, the mechanical ineffective vibration can be effectively reduced, the problems of energy loss, serious heating and the like caused by various vibration coupling are avoided, the power loss is reduced, and the conduction efficiency of the first piezoelectric transducer 3 and the second piezoelectric transducer 4 is improved; meanwhile, because the amplitudes of the torsional vibrations required by different processing materials are different, the distance between the first piezoelectric transducer 3 and the second piezoelectric transducer 4 needs to be adjusted to realize different torsional vibration amplitudes of different processing materials, so that the processing quality and the processing efficiency of a workpiece are further improved; the relative position between the first slider 502 and the second slider 503 can be adjusted through the adjusting piece 504, so that the moment formed by the first piezoelectric transducer 3 and the second piezoelectric transducer 4 and the magnitude of the moment arm can be adjusted, the adjustment and control of the torsional vibration amplitude of the cutter 1 can be realized, the service life of the cutter 1 can be further prolonged, and the processing quality and the processing efficiency of workpieces can be improved.
The above-described preferred embodiments according to the present invention are intended to suggest that, from the above description, various changes and modifications can be made by the worker in question without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the description, but must be determined as the scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A torsional vibration ultrasonic milling device, comprising:
tool (1)
The cutting tool (1) is arranged at the output end of the amplitude transformer (2), and the circle center of the plane where the input end of the amplitude transformer (2) is positioned is an O point;
the first piezoelectric transducer (3) and the second piezoelectric transducer (4) are arranged in a central symmetry mode with respect to the circle center O point;
the adjusting mechanism (5) is arranged at the input end of the amplitude transformer (2) through the adjusting mechanism (5), and the adjusting mechanism (5) can synchronously drive the first piezoelectric transducer (3) and the second piezoelectric transducer (4) to move in opposite directions or move relatively along the radial direction of the plane of the input end of the amplitude transformer (2);
wherein: the axial lead A of the first piezoelectric transducer (3) and the axial lead B of the second piezoelectric transducer (4) are mutually perpendicular to the radial direction of the plane where the input end of the amplitude transformer (2) is located.
2. Torsional vibration ultrasonic milling device according to claim 1, characterized in that the adjusting mechanism (5) comprises: the device comprises a bidirectional threaded rod (501), a first sliding block (502) and a second sliding block (503), wherein the first sliding block (502) and the second sliding block (503) penetrate through the bidirectional threaded rod (501) and are in sliding connection with the bidirectional threaded rod (501), and the first sliding block (502) and the second sliding block (503) are centrally symmetrical with respect to a circle center O point.
3. The torsional vibration ultrasonic milling device according to claim 2, wherein the first piezoelectric transducer (3) and the second piezoelectric transducer (4) are respectively located at two sides of the outer circumferential surface of the bidirectional threaded rod (501), the first piezoelectric transducer (3) is connected with the first slider (502), and the second piezoelectric transducer (4) is connected with the second slider (503).
4. The torsional vibration ultrasonic milling device according to claim 2, characterized in that the adjusting mechanism (5) further comprises: and the two adjusting pieces (504) are respectively arranged at two ends of the bidirectional threaded rod (501).
5. The torsional vibration ultrasonic milling device according to claim 4, characterized in that the axis C of the bi-directional threaded rod (501) coincides with the radial direction of the plane in which the input end of the horn (2) is located.
6. The torsional vibration ultrasonic milling device according to claim 4, wherein a mounting groove (201) is formed in the radial direction of the plane where the input end of the amplitude transformer (2) is located, the bidirectional threaded rod (501) penetrates through the mounting groove (201) along the axial direction of the mounting groove (201), one end of the first sliding block (502) and one end of the second sliding block (503) are inserted into the mounting groove (201) along the axial direction of the mounting groove (201), and the adjusting piece (504) is located outside the mounting groove (201).
7. The torsional vibration ultrasonic milling device according to claim 1, wherein the horn (2) is conical in shape, a mounting flange (6) is arranged at a pitch circle of the horn (2), the diameter of a plane of an output end of the horn (2) is D1, and the diameter of a plane of an input end of the horn (2) is D2; wherein: d1 is less than D2.
8. Torsional vibration ultrasonic milling device according to claim 2, characterized in that the first piezoelectric transducer (3) comprises: connecting rod (301), a plurality of piezoceramics piece (302), a plurality of electrode slice (303) and gland nut (304), the both ends of connecting rod (301) respectively with first slider (502) gland nut (304) are connected, piezoceramics piece (302) electrode slice (303) all run through connecting rod (301).
9. The torsional vibration ultrasonic milling device according to claim 8, wherein the electrode plates (303) and the piezoelectric ceramic plates (302) are alternately arranged with a direction from one end of the connecting rod (301) away from the compression nut (304) to one end close to the compression nut (304) as a first direction; wherein: the number of the piezoelectric ceramic plates (302) is equal to the number of the electrode plates (303).
10. The torsional vibration ultrasonic milling device according to claim 1, characterized in that the axis of the tool (1) and the axis of the horn (2) coincide with each other.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311342362.4A CN117260346A (en) | 2023-10-16 | 2023-10-16 | Torsional vibration ultrasonic milling device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311342362.4A CN117260346A (en) | 2023-10-16 | 2023-10-16 | Torsional vibration ultrasonic milling device |
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