CN108637801B - An ultrasonic assisted grinding device and its application - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an ultrasonic auxiliary grinding device and its application. The invention consists of four parts: a lifting and rotating spindle system, an ultrasonic power reversing system, an ultrasonic auxiliary grinding system and a parts clamping system; the lifting and rotating The spindle system consists of a column, a spindle box, a motor, a coupling, a spindle, a tool handle and a rivet; the ultrasonic power commutation system consists of an ultrasonic generator, outer insulated wires, conductive slip rings, inner insulated wires and spindle flange Composition; the ultrasonic-assisted grinding system is composed of a sleeve, a transducer, a horn and a grinding wheel; the part clamping system is composed of a bed, a saddle, a workbench and a machine tool fixture. The invention is used for processing parts made of materials with high hardness and high brittleness, and solves the problem that due to the special properties of high hardness and high brittleness of hard and brittle materials, surface damage such as micro-cracks on the surface of hard and brittle materials and edge chipping of parts can easily occur during conventional grinding process. technical issues.

Description

An ultrasonic assisted grinding device and its application

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of ultrasonic-assisted processing, and specifically relates to an ultrasonic-assisted grinding device and its application.

Background technique

Grinding is an important finishing method in mechanical processing, with small cutting allowance and high precision. Hard and brittle materials represented by engineering ceramics, optical glass, single crystal silicon, etc. have a series of excellent physical and chemical properties such as high hardness, high strength, low density, and high temperature resistance. They are widely used in automobiles, medical, aerospace, and national defense. It has been increasingly widely used in other fields. However, due to the special properties of high hardness and high brittleness of hard and brittle materials, conventional grinding processes for hard and brittle materials often cause surface damage such as surface micro-cracks and chipping of parts. The tool wear is serious, and fibers are prone to occur when processing composite materials. Processing damage such as pull-out, interface debonding, matrix breakage, burrs, delamination, and tearing. These processing damages seriously affect the processing quality, processing efficiency and production cost of hard and brittle materials, thus limiting their promotion and application, and posing severe challenges to traditional processing processes represented by conventional grinding processes.

Ultrasonic-assisted grinding is a processing technology that combines ultrasonic processing technology with conventional grinding technology. It loads ultrasonic vibrations on the grinding tool, and the spindle drives the grinding wheel to rotate at high speed. At the same time, the grinding wheel performs ultrasonic vibration under the excitation of the ultrasonic vibration system. Small longitudinal vibration. Ultrasonic grinding uses high-frequency impact to hammer the material on the surface of the part into particles and fall off the surface of the part, and then uses the abrasive and polishing effects of the grinding wheel to remove the material. Compared with conventional grinding, its grinding force is small, the grinding temperature is low, the material removal rate is high, the machining accuracy is high, and the tool life is long. Therefore, ultrasonic-assisted grinding is regarded as one of the effective methods for processing hard and brittle materials, and the design method of ultrasonic grinding equipment has also become a focus of researchers.

The interpenetration of cutting-edge technologies between ultrasonic vibration theory and mechanical processing disciplines provides a theoretical basis for ultrasonic-assisted grinding processing technology; mature products of high-power ultrasonic generators, transducers and horns are put on the market, providing a theoretical foundation for ultrasonic-assisted grinding. The realization of grinding processing provides material guarantee. Han Qing proposed an ultrasonic grinding device in 2014 with the patent application number: 201420346057.2. The horn in the device has couplings, collector rings and piezoelectric ceramics in series from left to right. The collector ring is on the left The left and right sides of the piezoelectric ceramic are equipped with bearings that match the horn. The outer end of the horn is equipped with a tool grinding head. The overall structural design is reasonable and compact, with high positioning accuracy, high processing efficiency, and reduced cutting costs. force. In 2017, Zhao Bo proposed an ultrasonic grinding method and system that uses a single excitation to produce radial-torsional composite vibration in the grinding wheel. The invention patent application number is 201710833832.5. This device has a spiral groove on the amplifier to convert the single-excitation longitudinal vibration. For longitudinal-torsional compound vibration, the combined structure of a curved plate and a parallel grinding wheel is used to convert the longitudinal-torsional compound vibration into a radial-torsional compound vibration. By optimizing the amplification of radial amplitude and torsional amplitude, the processing of hard and brittle materials is greatly improved. Surface and grinding stability.

Although the above patents use ultrasonic-assisted grinding technology to improve the processing method of hard and brittle materials, the radial size of the spindle rotation device is large and the size of the grinding tool is small. They do not involve the ultrasonic-assisted grinding process of large-load grinding wheels, and the versatility is poor. . At present, ultrasonic power commutation systems are mainly divided into two categories: 1. Non-contact type: when the sinusoidal electrical signal generated by the ultrasonic generator passes through the primary side coil, an electromagnetic induction phenomenon is generated in the coupler, causing the secondary side coil to generate an induced current and It is transmitted to the transducer. Such devices have low transmission efficiency and low power; 2. Contact type: transmit the electrical signal of the ultrasonic generator to the conductive ring through the carbon brush, and then pass through the wires soldered on the conductive ring. Transmitted to the piezoelectric ceramic transducer, the spindle speed of this type of device is low and the stability is poor, which limits the widespread application of ultrasonic-assisted grinding. Therefore, ultrasonic vibration technology is organically combined with large-load grinding wheel grinding technology to develop an ultrasonic processing equipment for hard, brittle and difficult-to-machine materials, which is used to improve the grinding process, thereby improving part processing efficiency and quality, extending tool service life, and expanding The scope of application of ultrasonic vibration technology is necessary and meaningful.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the deficiencies of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an ultrasonic-assisted grinding device and its application, combine the ultrasonic vibration special processing technology with the grinding technology, and develop an ultrasonic-assisted grinding device for hard, brittle and difficult-to-machine materials. Grinding device is used to improve the grinding process, thereby improving the processing efficiency and quality of parts, extending the service life of the tool, and expanding the application scope of ultrasonic vibration technology.

In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

An ultrasonic auxiliary grinding device consists of four parts: a lifting and rotating spindle system, an ultrasonic power reversing system, an ultrasonic auxiliary grinding system and a part clamping system;

The lifting and rotating spindle system consists of a column, a spindle box, a motor, a coupling, a spindle, a tool handle and a rivet. The column is provided with a column guide rail. The center of the lower end face of the spindle is provided with a bayonet. There are spindle snap keys on both sides of the lower end surface. The thick end of the tool handle is provided with a first annular ring and a second annular ring. Two tool handle keyways are symmetrically provided on the surface of the first annular ring. Two tool handle keys are symmetrically provided on the surface of the two annular rings; the spindle box is installed on the column guide rail and can slide up and down along the column guide rail. The spindle is installed in the spindle box, and the output shaft of the motor is connected to the spindle through a coupling. The upper end is connected and drives the spindle to rotate. The thin end of the tool handle is connected to the rivet. The tool handle extends into the spindle through the rivet and the bayonet. The spindle key engages with the tool handle keyway to realize the connection between the tool handle and the spindle. secondary positioning;

The ultrasonic power commutation system consists of an ultrasonic generator, an outer insulated wire, a conductive slip ring, an inner insulated wire and a spindle flange. The conductive slip ring includes a stator, a rotor, a stator wire, a rotor wire and an anti-rotation plate. The rotor is fixed on the upper surface of the stator, and the ultrasonic generator is installed on the top of the column. The output end of the ultrasonic generator is connected to the stator wire through an outer insulated wire, and one end of the inner insulated wire is connected to the rotor wire. The other end is connected to the copper sheet of the transducer, the upper part of the main shaft flange is connected to the main shaft, the lower part of the main shaft flange is connected to the anti-rotation plate, and the rotor is set on the outer surface of the sleeve;

The ultrasonic-assisted grinding system consists of a sleeve, a transducer, a horn and a grinding wheel. The upper end surface of the sleeve is provided with a sleeve keyway, the upper part of the transducer is provided with a copper plate, and the outer surface of the middle part is provided with a positioning Flange, the horn flange is provided in the middle of the horn, the horn flange is connected to the lower port of the sleeve, the large end of the horn is threadedly connected to the lower end face of the transducer, and the grinding wheel is set on the horn. At the small end of the amplitude rod, the positioning flange is transitionally connected to the inner surface of the sleeve, and the thick end of the tool holder is connected to the sleeve;

The parts clamping system consists of a bed, a saddle, a workbench and a machine tool fixture. The bed is provided with bed guide rails, and the saddle is provided with a saddle guide rail. The machine tool fixture includes a fixed pressure plate, a driving pressure plate, a moving screw and a support. The seat is installed on the bed guide rail, and the workbench is installed on the saddle guide rail. The fixed pressure plate, driving pressure plate, moving screw and support base are all installed on the workbench. The fixed pressure plate is set at the end away from the support base, and the driving pressure plate Set opposite to the fixed pressure plate, one end of the moving screw is connected to the outer surface of the driving pressure plate, and the other end is connected to the support seat. The distance between the driving pressure plate and the fixed pressure plate can be changed by adjusting the length of the moving screw to adapt to different parts. Clamping requirements, to achieve the positioning and clamping of parts by the fixed pressure plate and the driving pressure plate.

Further, the tool holder and the rivet are connected through threads, the upper part of the spindle flange is connected to the spindle through bolt one, the lower part is connected to the anti-rotation plate through bolt fastener one, and the rotor is set outside the sleeve through bolt two. On the surface, the horn flange is connected to the lower port of the sleeve through two bolt fasteners. The grinding wheel is installed on the small end of the horn through a nut. The thick end of the tool holder is positioned and inserted into the keyway of the sleeve through the tool holder key. And connect the tool holder to the sleeve through the center hole on the top of the thick end of the tool holder and three bolt fasteners.

Further, the grinding wheel is a disc grinding wheel, a cylindrical grinding wheel or a cup-shaped grinding wheel.

The ultrasonic-assisted grinding device of the present invention is used for processing parts made of materials with high hardness and high brittleness.

Further, in the application of the ultrasonic auxiliary grinding device of the present invention, the spindle box is installed on the column through the column guide rail, the parts are clamped between the fixed pressure plate and the driving pressure plate, and instructions are input on the control panel to control the spindle box along the column. The up and down movement in the direction of the guide rail, the forward and backward movement of the saddle along the direction of the bed guide rail, the left and right movement of the workbench in the direction of the saddle guide rail, the motor starts to rotate, driving the spindle to rotate, the spindle transmits torque to the sleeve, and the sleeve transmits the torque to The horn drives the grinding wheel to rotate and contact the parts for grinding motion; the ultrasonic generator outputs ultrasonic signals, and the amplitude and frequency signals of the ultrasonic waves are transmitted to the The transducer converts ultrasonic electrical signals into mechanical waves. The mechanical waves pass through the conduction and amplification of the horn, causing the grinding wheel to generate an ultrasonic mechanical vibration along the axial direction of the spindle based on the rotational motion, achieving ultrasonic assistance. Grinding process.

Further, the ultrasonic vibration mode and specific feeding method of the grinding wheel are as follows:

When the grinding wheel is a disc grinding wheel and ultrasonic-assisted grinding is performed, the grinding wheel performs ultrasonic pitch-shaped transverse bending ultrasonic vibration while completing rotation. At the same time, the grinding wheel also performs axial feed movement, and the saddle drives the worktable to move forward and backward. , at the same time, the workbench drives the machine tool fixture to move left and right, thereby realizing the feed movement of the parts on the horizontal plane;

When the grinding wheel is a cylindrical grinding wheel and ultrasonic-assisted grinding is performed, the grinding wheel performs ultrasonic longitudinal ultrasonic vibration while completing rotation. At the same time, the grinding wheel also performs axial feed movement, and the saddle drives the worktable to move forward and backward. At the same time, the worktable Drive the machine tool fixture to move left and right, thereby realizing the feed movement of the parts on the horizontal plane;

When the grinding wheel is a cup-shaped grinding wheel and ultrasonic-assisted grinding is performed, the grinding wheel performs ultrasonic longitudinal ultrasonic vibration while completing rotation. At the same time, the grinding wheel also performs axial feed motion, and the saddle drives the workbench to move forward and backward. At the same time, the work The table drives the machine tool fixture to move left and right, thereby realizing the feed movement of the parts on the horizontal plane.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. Use ultrasonic generators, conductive slip rings, transducers and horns to form an ultrasonic auxiliary system, and combine ultrasonic vibration special processing technology with grinding technology to solve the special properties of hard and brittle materials due to their high hardness and high brittleness. , technical problems that can easily lead to surface damage such as micro-cracks on the surface of hard and brittle materials and chipping of parts during conventional grinding processes;

2. The organic combination of ultrasonic vibration technology and large-load grinding wheel grinding technology ensures that the present invention is widely applicable to ultrasonic-assisted grinding of hard, brittle and difficult-to-machine materials.

3. The combined application of ultrasonic generator, conductive slip ring, transducer and horn. The ultrasonic signal output by the ultrasonic generator is transmitted to the transducer through the conductive slip ring. The transducer converts the ultrasonic electrical signal into mechanical waves. The mechanical wave passes through the conduction and amplification of the horn, causing the grinding wheel to generate a high-frequency and high-energy mechanical vibration along the axial direction of the spindle based on the rotational motion, realizing ultrasonic-assisted grinding. Compared with the traditional grinding process, the present invention can significantly reduce the cutting force during the grinding process of parts, reduce cutting heat, and make chips easy to remove, thereby improving the microscopic cutting morphology of the surface of the parts and improving the processing accuracy and wear resistance of the parts. properties and corrosion resistance, reduce surface roughness, and extend the service life of the grinding wheel.

4. The ultrasonic-assisted grinding system of the present invention has small radial size and weight, is suitable for many types of grinding tools, is easy to replace grinding wheels and other grinding tools, and has good versatility; the ultrasonic electric signal transmission efficiency is high, the power is high, and it can be adapted to the spindle. High speed, thereby improving the processing accuracy and quality of parts and improving production efficiency.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the coupling in the present invention;

Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the spindle in the present invention;

Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the spindle flange in the present invention;

Figure 5 is a top view of the conductive slip ring in the present invention;

Figure 6 is a perspective view of the conductive slip ring in the present invention;

Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the ultrasonic power commutation system in the present invention;

Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the tool handle according to the present invention;

Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the sleeve in the present invention;

Figure 10 is an assembly cross-sectional view of the tool handle and sleeve in the present invention;

Figure 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the transducer in the present invention;

Figure 12 is a schematic structural diagram of the horn in the present invention;

Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view of the ultrasonic-assisted grinding system of the present invention;

Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the application of the present invention;

Figure 15 is a perspective view of the combined movement direction of the ultrasonic-assisted grinding process of the disc grinding wheel of the present invention;

Figure 16 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the combined movement direction of the ultrasonic-assisted grinding process of the cylindrical grinding wheel of the present invention;

Fig. 17 is a schematic perspective view of the combined movement direction of the ultrasonic-assisted grinding process of the cup-shaped grinding wheel of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Example 1:

As shown in Figures 1 to 15, an ultrasonic auxiliary grinding device consists of four parts: a lifting and rotating spindle system, an ultrasonic power reversal system, an ultrasonic auxiliary grinding system and a part clamping system.

The lifting and rotating spindle system is composed of a column 4, a spindle box 6, a motor 7, a coupling 20, a spindle 9, a tool handle 16 and a rivet 1601. The column 4 is provided with a column guide rail 401, and the spindle 9 There is a bayonet 901 in the center of the lower end surface of the main shaft 9. There are spindle snap keys 902 on both sides of the lower end surface of the spindle 9. The thick end of the tool handle 16 is provided with a first annular ring 1604 and a second annular ring 1605. An annular ring 1604 is symmetrically provided with two tool handle keyways 1602 on the surface, and a second annular ring 1605 is symmetrically provided with two tool handle keyways 1603 on the surface; the spindle box 6 is installed on the column guide rail 401, and can be moved along the column guide rail 401. The column guide rail 401 slides up and down, the spindle 9 is installed in the spindle box 6, the output shaft of the motor 7 is connected to the upper end of the spindle 9 through the coupling 20, and drives the spindle 9 to rotate, and the thin end of the tool handle 16 passes through the rivet 1601 Threaded connection, the tool handle 16 extends into the spindle 9 through the rivet 1601 and the bayonet 901, and the spindle key 902 engages with the tool handle keyway 1602 to realize the secondary positioning of the connection between the tool handle 16 and the spindle 9;

The ultrasonic power commutation system is composed of an ultrasonic generator 8, an outer insulated wire 5, a conductive slip ring 11, an inner insulated wire 12 and a spindle flange 10. The conductive slip ring 11 includes a stator 1101, a rotor 1102, and a stator wire 1103. , rotor wire 1104 and anti-rotation piece 1105. The anti-rotation piece 1105 is fixed on the upper surface of the stator 1101. The ultrasonic generator 8 is installed on the top of the column 4. The output end of the ultrasonic generator 8 communicates with the stator wire 1103 through the outer insulated wire 5. connected, one end of the inner insulated wire 12 is connected to the rotor wire 1104, the other end of the inner insulated wire 12 is connected to the copper sheet 1701 of the transducer 17, the upper part of the main shaft flange 10 is connected to the main shaft 9 through bolt 124, and the main shaft The lower part of the flange 10 is connected to the anti-rotation plate 1105 through bolt fastener one 25, and the rotor 1102 is set on the outer surface of the sleeve 13 through bolt two 26;

The ultrasonic assisted grinding system consists of a sleeve 13, a transducer 17, a horn 18 and a grinding wheel 19. The upper end surface of the sleeve 13 is provided with a sleeve keyway 1301, and the upper part of the transducer 17 is provided with a copper sheet. 1701, the outer surface of the middle part is provided with a positioning flange 1702, and the middle part of the horn 18 is provided with a horn flange 1801. The horn flange 1801 is connected to the lower port of the sleeve 13 through bolt fasteners 22. , the large end of the horn 18 is threadedly connected to the lower end face of the transducer 17, the grinding wheel 19 is installed on the small end of the horn 18 through a nut, the positioning flange 1702 is transitionally connected to the inner surface of the sleeve 13, and the tool handle 16 The thick end is positioned and inserted into the sleeve keyway 1301 through the tool handle key 1603, and the tool handle 16 is connected to the sleeve 13 through the center hole on the top of the thick end of the tool handle 16 and the bolt fastener 321. Among them, the grinding wheel 19 is a disc grinding wheel.

The parts clamping system consists of a bed 1, a saddle 2, a workbench 3 and a machine tool fixture 15. The bed (1) is provided with a bed guide rail 101, the saddle 2 is provided with a saddle guide rail 201, and the machine tool fixture 15 includes a fixed pressure plate 1501, a driving pressure plate 1502, a moving screw 1503 and a support seat 1504. The saddle 2 is installed on the bed guide rail 101, and the workbench 3 is installed on the saddle guide rail 201. The fixed pressure plate 1501, the driving pressure plate 1502, the moving screw 1503 and the support base 1504 are both installed on the workbench 3, the fixed pressure plate 1501 is set at one end away from the support base 1504, the driving pressure plate 1502 is set opposite to the fixed pressure plate 1501, one end of the moving screw 1503 is connected to the outer surface of the driving pressure plate 1502, and the other end is connected to the outer surface of the driving pressure plate 1502. One end is connected to the support base 1504, and the distance between the driving pressure plate 1502 and the fixed pressure plate 1501 is changed by adjusting the length of the moving screw 1503 to adapt to the clamping requirements of different parts 14 and realize the pairing of parts between the fixed pressure plate 1501 and the driving pressure plate 1502. 14 positioning and clamping.

This embodiment is used to process parts made of materials with high hardness and high brittleness. The specific application method is:

Install the main spindle box 6 on the column 4 through the column guide rail 401, clamp the part 14 between the fixed pressure plate 1501 and the driving pressure plate 1502, input instructions on the control panel 23 to control the up and down movement of the main spindle box 6 along the column guide rail 401. , the saddle 2 moves forward and backward along the direction of the bed guide rail 101, the workbench 3 moves left and right along the direction of the saddle guide rail 201, the motor 7 starts to rotate, driving the spindle 9 to rotate, the spindle 9 transmits the torque to the sleeve 13, and the sleeve 13 The torque is transmitted to the horn 18, and then the horn 18 drives the grinding wheel 19 to rotate and contact the part 14 for grinding movement; the ultrasonic generator 8 outputs an ultrasonic signal, and the amplitude and frequency signal of the ultrasonic wave pass through the external insulated wire 5 , the conductive slip ring 11 and the inner insulated wire 12 are transmitted to the transducer 17. The transducer 17 converts the ultrasonic electrical signal into a mechanical wave. The mechanical wave passes through the conduction and amplification of the horn 18, causing the grinding wheel 19 to rotate on the basis of rotation. An ultrasonic mechanical vibration is generated along the axial direction of the spindle 9 to realize ultrasonic-assisted grinding.

The ultrasonic vibration mode and specific feeding method of the grinding wheel are as follows: when performing ultrasonic-assisted grinding, the grinding wheel 19 performs ultrasonic pitch-type transverse bending ultrasonic vibration while completing rotation, and at the same time, the grinding wheel 19 also performs axial feeding. Movement, the saddle 2 drives the workbench 3 to move forward and backward, and at the same time, the workbench 3 drives the machine tool fixture 15 to move left and right, thereby realizing the feeding movement of the part 14 on the horizontal plane.

Example 2:

As shown in Figures 1 to 14 and 16, an ultrasonic auxiliary grinding device consists of four parts: a lifting and rotating spindle system, an ultrasonic power reversal system, an ultrasonic auxiliary grinding system and a part clamping system.

The lifting and rotating spindle system is composed of a column 4, a spindle box 6, a motor 7, a coupling 20, a spindle 9, a tool handle 16 and a rivet 1601. The column 4 is provided with a column guide rail 401, and the spindle 9 There is a bayonet 901 in the center of the lower end surface of the main shaft 9. There are spindle snap keys 902 on both sides of the lower end surface of the spindle 9. The thick end of the tool handle 16 is provided with a first annular ring 1604 and a second annular ring 1605. An annular ring 1604 is symmetrically provided with two tool handle keyways 1602 on the surface, and a second annular ring 1605 is symmetrically provided with two tool handle keyways 1603 on the surface; the spindle box 6 is installed on the column guide rail 401, and can be moved along the column guide rail 401. The column guide rail 401 slides up and down, the spindle 9 is installed in the spindle box 6, the output shaft of the motor 7 is connected to the upper end of the spindle 9 through the coupling 20, and drives the spindle 9 to rotate, and the thin end of the tool handle 16 passes through the rivet 1601 Threaded connection, the tool handle 16 extends into the spindle 9 through the rivet 1601 and the bayonet 901, and the spindle key 902 engages with the tool handle keyway 1602 to realize the secondary positioning of the connection between the tool handle 16 and the spindle 9;

The ultrasonic power commutation system is composed of an ultrasonic generator 8, an outer insulated wire 5, a conductive slip ring 11, an inner insulated wire 12 and a spindle flange 10. The conductive slip ring 11 includes a stator 1101, a rotor 1102, and a stator wire 1103. , rotor wire 1104 and anti-rotation piece 1105. The anti-rotation piece 1105 is fixed on the upper surface of the stator 1101. The ultrasonic generator 8 is installed on the top of the column 4. The output end of the ultrasonic generator 8 communicates with the stator wire 1103 through the outer insulated wire 5. connected, one end of the inner insulated wire 12 is connected to the rotor wire 1104, the other end of the inner insulated wire 12 is connected to the copper sheet 1701 of the transducer 17, the upper part of the main shaft flange 10 is connected to the main shaft 9 through bolt 124, and the main shaft The lower part of the flange 10 is connected to the anti-rotation plate 1105 through bolt fastener one 25, and the rotor 1102 is set on the outer surface of the sleeve 13 through bolt two 26;

The ultrasonic assisted grinding system consists of a sleeve 13, a transducer 17, a horn 18 and a grinding wheel 19. The upper end surface of the sleeve 13 is provided with a sleeve keyway 1301, and the upper part of the transducer 17 is provided with a copper sheet. 1701, the outer surface of the middle part is provided with a positioning flange 1702, and the middle part of the horn 18 is provided with a horn flange 1801. The horn flange 1801 is connected to the lower port of the sleeve 13 through bolt fasteners 22. , the large end of the horn 18 is threadedly connected to the lower end face of the transducer 17, the grinding wheel 19 is installed on the small end of the horn 18 through a nut, the positioning flange 1702 is transitionally connected to the inner surface of the sleeve 13, and the tool handle 16 The thick end is positioned and inserted into the sleeve keyway 1301 through the tool handle key 1603, and the tool handle 16 is connected to the sleeve 13 through the center hole on the top of the thick end of the tool handle 16 and the bolt fastener 321. Among them, the grinding wheel 19 is a cylindrical grinding wheel.

The parts clamping system consists of a bed 1, a saddle 2, a workbench 3 and a machine tool fixture 15. The bed 1 is provided with a bed guide rail 101, the saddle 2 is provided with a saddle guide rail 201, and the machine tool fixture 15 includes The fixed pressure plate 1501, the driving pressure plate 1502, the moving screw 1503 and the support seat 1504. The saddle 2 is installed on the bed guide rail 101, and the workbench 3 is installed on the saddle guide rail 201. The fixed pressure plate 1501, the driving pressure plate 1502, the moving screw 1503 and The support bases 1504 are all installed on the workbench 3, the fixed pressure plate 1501 is set at one end away from the support base 1504, the driving pressure plate 1502 is set opposite to the fixed pressure plate 1501, one end of the moving screw 1503 is connected to the outer surface of the driving pressure plate 1502, and the other end is connected to the outer surface of the driving pressure plate 1502. The support base 1504 is connected, and the distance between the driving pressure plate 1502 and the fixed pressure plate 1501 is changed by adjusting the length of the moving screw 1503 to adapt to the clamping requirements of different parts 14 and realize the clamping of the parts 14 by the fixed pressure plate 1501 and the driving pressure plate 1502. Positioning and clamping.

This embodiment is used to process parts made of materials with high hardness and high brittleness. The specific application method is:

Install the main spindle box 6 on the column 4 through the column guide rail 401, clamp the part 14 between the fixed pressure plate 1501 and the driving pressure plate 1502, input instructions on the control panel 23 to control the up and down movement of the main spindle box 6 along the column guide rail 401. , the saddle 2 moves forward and backward along the direction of the bed guide rail 101, the workbench 3 moves left and right along the direction of the saddle guide rail 201, the motor 7 starts to rotate, driving the spindle 9 to rotate, the spindle 9 transmits the torque to the sleeve 13, and the sleeve 13 The torque is transmitted to the horn 18, and then the horn 18 drives the grinding wheel 19 to rotate and contact the part 14 for grinding movement; the ultrasonic generator 8 outputs an ultrasonic signal, and the amplitude and frequency signal of the ultrasonic wave pass through the external insulated wire 5 , the conductive slip ring 11 and the inner insulated wire 12 are transmitted to the transducer 17. The transducer 17 converts the ultrasonic electrical signal into a mechanical wave. The mechanical wave passes through the conduction and amplification of the horn 18, causing the grinding wheel 19 to rotate on the basis of rotation. An ultrasonic mechanical vibration is generated along the axial direction of the spindle 9 to realize ultrasonic-assisted grinding.

The ultrasonic vibration mode and specific feeding method of the grinding wheel are as follows: when performing ultrasonic-assisted grinding processing, the grinding wheel 19 performs ultrasonic longitudinal ultrasonic vibration while completing the rotation. At the same time, the grinding wheel 19 also performs axial feeding motion, and the saddle 2 drives the workbench 3 to move forward and backward, and at the same time, the workbench 3 drives the machine tool fixture 15 to move left and right, thereby realizing the feed movement of the part 14 on the horizontal plane.

Example 3:

As shown in Figures 1 to 14 and 17, an ultrasonic auxiliary grinding device consists of four parts: a lifting and rotating spindle system, an ultrasonic power reversal system, an ultrasonic auxiliary grinding system and a part clamping system.

The lifting and rotating spindle system is composed of a column 4, a spindle box 6, a motor 7, a coupling 20, a spindle 9, a tool handle 16 and a rivet 1601. The column 4 is provided with a column guide rail 401, and the spindle 9 There is a bayonet 901 in the center of the lower end surface of the main shaft 9. There are spindle snap keys 902 on both sides of the lower end surface of the spindle 9. The thick end of the tool handle 16 is provided with a first annular ring 1604 and a second annular ring 1605. An annular ring 1604 is symmetrically provided with two tool handle keyways 1602 on the surface, and a second annular ring 1605 is symmetrically provided with two tool handle keyways 1603 on the surface; the spindle box 6 is installed on the column guide rail 401, and can be moved along the column guide rail 401. The column guide rail 401 slides up and down, the spindle 9 is installed in the spindle box 6, the output shaft of the motor 7 is connected to the upper end of the spindle 9 through the coupling 20, and drives the spindle 9 to rotate, and the thin end of the tool handle 16 passes through the rivet 1601 Threaded connection, the tool handle 16 extends into the spindle 9 through the rivet 1601 and the bayonet 901, and the spindle key 902 engages with the tool handle keyway 1602 to realize the secondary positioning of the connection between the tool handle 16 and the spindle 9;

The ultrasonic power commutation system is composed of an ultrasonic generator 8, an outer insulated wire 5, a conductive slip ring 11, an inner insulated wire 12 and a spindle flange 10. The conductive slip ring 11 includes a stator 1101, a rotor 1102, and a stator wire 1103. , rotor wire 1104 and anti-rotation piece 1105. The anti-rotation piece 1105 is fixed on the upper surface of the stator 1101. The ultrasonic generator 8 is installed on the top of the column 4. The output end of the ultrasonic generator 8 communicates with the stator wire 1103 through the outer insulated wire 5. connected, one end of the inner insulated wire 12 is connected to the rotor wire 1104, the other end of the inner insulated wire 12 is connected to the copper sheet 1701 of the transducer 17, the upper part of the main shaft flange 10 is connected to the main shaft 9 through bolt 124, and the main shaft The lower part of the flange 10 is connected to the anti-rotation plate 1105 through bolt fastener one 25, and the rotor 1102 is set on the outer surface of the sleeve 13 through bolt two 26;

The ultrasonic assisted grinding system consists of a sleeve 13, a transducer 17, a horn 18 and a grinding wheel 19. The upper end surface of the sleeve 13 is provided with a sleeve keyway 1301, and the upper part of the transducer 17 is provided with a copper sheet. 1701, the outer surface of the middle part is provided with a positioning flange 1702, and the middle part of the horn 18 is provided with a horn flange 1801. The horn flange 1801 is connected to the lower port of the sleeve 13 through bolt fasteners 22. , the large end of the horn 18 is threadedly connected to the lower end face of the transducer 17, the grinding wheel 19 is installed on the small end of the horn 18 through a nut, the positioning flange 1702 is transitionally connected to the inner surface of the sleeve 13, and the tool handle 16 The thick end is positioned and inserted into the sleeve keyway 1301 through the tool handle key 1603, and the tool handle 16 is connected to the sleeve 13 through the center hole on the top of the thick end of the tool handle 16 and the bolt fastener 321. Among them, the grinding wheel 19 is a cup-shaped grinding wheel.

The parts clamping system consists of a bed 1, a saddle 2, a workbench 3 and a machine tool fixture 15. The bed 1 is provided with a bed guide rail 101, the saddle 2 is provided with a saddle guide rail 201, and the machine tool fixture 15 includes The fixed pressure plate 1501, the driving pressure plate 1502, the moving screw 1503 and the support seat 1504. The saddle 2 is installed on the bed guide rail 101, and the workbench 3 is installed on the saddle guide rail 201. The fixed pressure plate 1501, the driving pressure plate 1502, the moving screw 1503 and The support bases 1504 are all installed on the workbench 3, the fixed pressure plate 1501 is set at one end away from the support base 1504, the driving pressure plate 1502 is set opposite to the fixed pressure plate 1501, one end of the moving screw 1503 is connected to the outer surface of the driving pressure plate 1502, and the other end is connected to the outer surface of the driving pressure plate 1502. The support base 1504 is connected, and the distance between the driving pressure plate 1502 and the fixed pressure plate 1501 is changed by adjusting the length of the moving screw 1503 to adapt to the clamping requirements of different parts 14 and realize the clamping of the parts 14 by the fixed pressure plate 1501 and the driving pressure plate 1502. Positioning and clamping.

This embodiment is used to process parts made of materials with high hardness and high brittleness. The specific application method is:

Install the main spindle box 6 on the column 4 through the column guide rail 401, clamp the part 14 between the fixed pressure plate 1501 and the driving pressure plate 1502, input instructions on the control panel 23 to control the up and down movement of the main spindle box 6 along the column guide rail 401. , the saddle 2 moves forward and backward along the direction of the bed guide rail 101, the workbench 3 moves left and right along the direction of the saddle guide rail 201, the motor 7 starts to rotate, driving the spindle 9 to rotate, the spindle 9 transmits the torque to the sleeve 13, and the sleeve 13 The torque is transmitted to the horn 18, and then the horn 18 drives the grinding wheel 19 to rotate and contact the part 14 for grinding movement; the ultrasonic generator 8 outputs an ultrasonic signal, and the amplitude and frequency signal of the ultrasonic wave pass through the external insulated wire 5 , the conductive slip ring 11 and the inner insulated wire 12 are transmitted to the transducer 17. The transducer 17 converts the ultrasonic electrical signal into a mechanical wave. The mechanical wave passes through the conduction and amplification of the horn 18, causing the grinding wheel 19 to rotate on the basis of rotation. An ultrasonic mechanical vibration is generated along the axial direction of the spindle 9 to realize ultrasonic-assisted grinding.

The ultrasonic vibration mode and specific feeding method of the grinding wheel are as follows: when performing ultrasonic-assisted grinding processing, the grinding wheel 19 performs ultrasonic longitudinal ultrasonic vibration while completing the rotation. At the same time, the grinding wheel 19 also performs axial feeding motion, and the saddle 2 drives the workbench 3 to move forward and backward, and at the same time, the workbench 3 drives the machine tool fixture 15 to move left and right, thereby realizing the feed movement of the part 14 on the horizontal plane.

The invention includes column 4, spindle box 6, motor 7, coupling 20, spindle 9, tool handle 16, rivet 1601, ultrasonic generator 8, outer insulated wire 5, conductive slip ring 11, inner insulated wire 12, spindle The flange 10, sleeve 13, transducer 17, horn 18, grinding wheel 19, bed 1, saddle 2, workbench 3 and machine tool fixture 15 are all common standard parts or components known to those skilled in the art. Its structure and principle are known to the technical personnel through technical manuals or through conventional experimental methods.

The basic principles and main features of the present invention have been shown and described above. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and without departing from the spirit or basic features of the present invention, The invention can be implemented in other specific forms. Therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as illustrative and non-restrictive from any point of view, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is therefore intended that all claims falling within the claims All changes within the meaning and scope of equivalent elements are included in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims shall not be construed as limiting the claim in question.

In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementations, not each implementation only contains an independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should take the specification as a whole. , the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementations that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims (5)

1. An ultrasonic auxiliary grinding device is characterized in that: the device consists of a lifting and rotating main shaft system, an ultrasonic power reversing system, an ultrasonic auxiliary grinding system and a part clamping system;

the lifting and rotating main shaft system consists of a stand column (4), a main shaft box (6), a motor (7), a coupler (20), a main shaft (9), a tool handle (16) and blind nails (1601), wherein a stand column guide rail (401) is arranged on the stand column (4), a bayonet (901) is arranged in the center of the lower end face of the main shaft (9), main shaft clamping keys (902) are respectively arranged on two sides of the lower end face of the main shaft (9), a first annular ring (1604) and a second annular ring (1605) are arranged at the thick end of the tool handle (16), two tool handle key grooves (1602) are symmetrically arranged on the surface of the first annular ring (1604), and two tool handle clamping keys (1603) are symmetrically arranged on the surface of the second annular ring (1605); the spindle box (6) is arranged on the upright guide rail (401) and can slide up and down along the upright guide rail (401), the spindle (9) is arranged in the spindle box (6), an output shaft of the motor (7) is connected with the upper end of the spindle (9) through a coupler (20) and drives the spindle (9) to rotate, the thin end of the tool shank (16) is connected with the blind rivet (1601), the tool shank (16) extends into the spindle (9) through the blind rivet (1601) and the bayonet (901), and the spindle clamping key (902) is meshed with the tool shank keyway (1602) to realize secondary positioning of the connection of the tool shank (16) and the spindle (9);

the ultrasonic power reversing system consists of an ultrasonic generator (8), an outer insulating wire (5), a conductive slip ring (11), an inner insulating wire (12) and a spindle flange (10), wherein the conductive slip ring (11) comprises a stator (1101), a rotor (1102), a stator wire (1103), a rotor wire (1104) and a rotation stopping piece (1105), the rotation stopping piece (1105) is fixed on the upper surface of the stator (1101), the ultrasonic generator (8) is arranged at the top end of a stand column (4), the output end of the ultrasonic generator (8) is connected with the stator wire (1103) through the outer insulating wire (5), one end of the inner insulating wire (12) is connected with the rotor wire (1104), the other end of the inner insulating wire (12) is connected with a copper sheet (1701) of a transducer (17), the upper part of the spindle flange (10) is connected with a spindle (9), the lower part of the spindle flange (10) is connected with the rotation stopping piece (1105), and the rotor (1102) is arranged on the outer surface of a sleeve (13);

the ultrasonic auxiliary grinding system consists of a sleeve (13), a transducer (17), a horn (18) and a grinding wheel (19), wherein a sleeve key groove (1301) is formed in the upper end face of the sleeve (13), a copper sheet (1701) is arranged at the upper part of the transducer (17), a positioning flange (1702) is arranged on the outer surface of the middle part of the transducer, a horn flange (1801) is arranged in the middle of the horn (18), the horn flange (1801) is connected with the lower port of the sleeve (13), the large end of the horn (18) is in threaded connection with the lower end face of the transducer (17), the grinding wheel (19) is arranged at the small end of the horn (18), the positioning flange (1702) is in transition fit connection with the inner surface of the sleeve (13), and the thick end of a cutter handle (16) is connected with the sleeve (13);

the part clamping system comprises a lathe bed (1), a saddle (2), a workbench (3) and a lathe clamp (15), wherein a lathe bed guide rail (101) is arranged on the lathe bed (1), a saddle guide rail (201) is arranged on the saddle (2), the lathe clamp (15) comprises a fixed pressing plate (1501), a driving pressing plate (1502), a moving screw (1503) and a supporting seat (1504), the saddle (2) is arranged on the lathe bed guide rail (101), the workbench (3) is arranged on the saddle guide rail (201), the fixed pressing plate (1501), the driving pressing plate (1502), the moving screw (1503) and the supporting seat (1504) are all arranged on the workbench (3), the fixed pressing plate (1501) is arranged at one end far away from the supporting seat (1504), the driving pressing plate (1502) is arranged opposite to the fixed pressing plate (1501), one end of the moving screw (1503) is connected with the outer surface of the driving pressing plate (1502), the other end of the moving screw (1503) is connected with the supporting seat (1504), the distance between the driving pressing plate (1502) and the fixed pressing plate (1504) is changed by adjusting the entering and exiting length of the moving screw (1503) so as to adapt to the requirements of clamping of different parts (14) on the fixed pressing plates (1501) and the driving pressing plates (1501) and the clamping parts (14) and the fixed pressing plates; the knife handle (16) and the blind rivet (1601) are connected through threads, and the grinding wheel (19) is a disc grinding wheel, a cylindrical grinding wheel or a cup grinding wheel.

2. An ultrasonic-assisted grinding apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper portion of the spindle flange (10) is connected with the spindle (9) through a first bolt (24), the lower portion of the spindle flange is connected with the rotation stopping piece (1105) through a first bolt fastener (25), the rotor (1102) is arranged on the outer surface of the sleeve (13) through a second bolt (26), the amplitude transformer flange (1801) is connected with the lower port of the sleeve (13) through a second bolt fastener (22), the grinding wheel (19) is arranged at the small end of the amplitude transformer (18) through a nut, the thick end of the cutter handle (16) is inserted into the sleeve key groove (1301) through the positioning of the cutter handle clamping key (1603), and the cutter handle (16) is connected with the sleeve (13) through a central hole at the top of the thick end of the cutter handle (16) and a third bolt fastener (21).

3. Use of an ultrasound-assisted grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method is used for processing the parts made of the high-hardness and high-brittleness materials.

4. Use of an ultrasound-assisted grinding device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the specific application method comprises the following steps: the spindle box (6) is arranged on the upright post (4) through an upright post guide rail (401), a part (14) is clamped between a fixed pressing plate (1501) and a driving pressing plate (1502), a command is input on a control panel (23), the spindle box (6) is controlled to move up and down along the direction of the upright post guide rail (401), a saddle (2) moves back and forth along the direction of a lathe bed guide rail (101), a workbench (3) moves left and right along the direction of the saddle guide rail (201), a motor (7) starts to rotate to drive a spindle (9) to rotate, the spindle (9) transmits torque to a sleeve (13), the sleeve (13) transmits the torque to an amplitude transformer (18), and then the amplitude transformer (18) drives a grinding wheel (19) to do rotary motion and contact with the part (14) to conduct grinding motion; the ultrasonic generator (8) outputs ultrasonic signals, the amplitude and frequency signals of the ultrasonic waves are transmitted to the transducer (17) through the outer insulating wire (5), the conductive slip ring (11) and the inner insulating wire (12), the transducer (17) converts the ultrasonic electric signals into mechanical waves, and the mechanical waves are conducted and amplified through the amplitude transformer (18), so that the grinding wheel (19) generates ultrasonic frequency mechanical vibration along the axial direction of the main shaft (9) on the basis of rotary motion, and ultrasonic auxiliary grinding processing is realized.

5. The use of an ultrasonic-assisted grinding apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that: the ultrasonic vibration mode and the specific feeding method of the grinding wheel (19) are as follows:

when the grinding wheel (19) is a disc grinding wheel and is subjected to ultrasonic auxiliary grinding, the grinding wheel (19) is subjected to ultrasonic frequency pitch circle type transverse bending ultrasonic vibration while finishing rotation, meanwhile, the grinding wheel (19) is also subjected to axial feeding motion, the saddle (2) drives the workbench (3) to move forwards and backwards, and meanwhile, the workbench (3) drives the machine tool clamp (15) to move left and right, so that feeding motion of the part (14) in a horizontal plane is realized;

when the grinding wheel (19) is a cylindrical grinding wheel and is subjected to ultrasonic auxiliary grinding, the grinding wheel (19) is subjected to ultrasonic frequency longitudinal ultrasonic vibration while finishing rotation, meanwhile, the grinding wheel (19) is also subjected to axial feeding movement, the saddle (2) drives the workbench (3) to move forwards and backwards, and meanwhile, the workbench (3) drives the machine tool clamp (15) to move left and right, so that feeding movement of the part (14) on a horizontal plane is realized;

when the grinding wheel (19) is a cup-shaped grinding wheel and is subjected to ultrasonic auxiliary grinding, the grinding wheel (19) is subjected to ultrasonic frequency longitudinal ultrasonic vibration while finishing rotation, meanwhile, the grinding wheel (19) is also subjected to axial feeding motion, the saddle (2) drives the workbench (3) to move back and forth, and meanwhile, the workbench (3) drives the machine tool clamp (15) to move left and right, so that feeding motion of the part (14) on a horizontal plane is realized.