CN117259711A - Forming process and device for preparing heterogeneous semi-solid structure magnesium alloy - Google Patents
Forming process and device for preparing heterogeneous semi-solid structure magnesium alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN117259711A CN117259711A CN202311324556.1A CN202311324556A CN117259711A CN 117259711 A CN117259711 A CN 117259711A CN 202311324556 A CN202311324556 A CN 202311324556A CN 117259711 A CN117259711 A CN 117259711A
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- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 191
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 191
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 116
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 77
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009974 thixotropic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006032 tissue transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 5
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 description 3
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001234 light alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010099 solid forming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010119 thixomolding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/007—Semi-solid pressure die casting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
- B22D17/2015—Means for forcing the molten metal into the die
- B22D17/2023—Nozzles or shot sleeves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
- B22D17/2015—Means for forcing the molten metal into the die
- B22D17/2038—Heating, cooling or lubricating the injection unit
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
- B22D17/2015—Means for forcing the molten metal into the die
- B22D17/2061—Means for forcing the molten metal into the die using screws
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
- B22D17/28—Melting pots
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
- B22D17/30—Accessories for supplying molten metal, e.g. in rations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
- B22D17/32—Controlling equipment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/12—Making non-ferrous alloys by processing in a semi-solid state, e.g. holding the alloy in the solid-liquid phase
Abstract
The invention discloses a molding process for preparing heterogeneous semi-solid structure magnesium alloy, which adopts multi-channel feeding, and different channels are used for carrying out different temperature control, solid-liquid mixing and injection process coordination; comprises a plurality of channel feeding and zone heating, zone temperature control and tissue control, slurry mixing conversion and high-speed injection solidification; the invention also discloses a forming device for preparing the heterogeneous semi-solid tissue magnesium alloy, which comprises a body, wherein the body comprises an injection charging barrel, a storage charging barrel, an injection heater, a storage heater, an injection screw and a storage screw, the material in the injection charging barrel moves towards the direction of an injection port, and the material in the storage charging barrel moves into the injection charging barrel. The invention provides a molding process and a device for preparing heterogeneous semi-solid magnesium alloy, which are suitable for molding high-performance and large-injection magnesium alloy, adopt multichannel feeding and realize the synergistic promotion of the plasticity and corrosiveness of the magnesium alloy by utilizing slurry mixing transformation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of light alloy processing, in particular to a molding process for preparing heterogeneous semi-solid structure magnesium alloy and a device thereof.
Background
The magnesium alloy has low density, is a high-quality lightweight metal material, can be used for structural parts to realize effective weight reduction, and has great application potential in the field of new energy automobiles which are vigorously developed. However, magnesium is a HCP crystal structure, has poor plastic deformation capability, and has single strengthening means in an as-cast state, and mainly depends on promoting grain refinement and second-phase strengthening in a microstructure, so that a formed structure is generally considered to be a uniform structure, namely a single-form structure transformation occurs under liquid die casting or semi-solid forming in the conventional alloying.
For the semi-solid technology, the good semi-solid structure with fine and spherical primary solid crystals has thixotropic property, and can effectively avoid gas coiling during high-speed filling, thereby greatly reducing casting pores and improving compactness, and the injection molding does not need to be melted or protective gas, thus being a safe, environment-friendly and efficient emerging process for magnesium alloy. However, in research and application, it is found that under the traditional semi-solid injection molding (Thixomolding) mode, a single path heating is generally adopted, namely, a magnesium material is gradually heated to be semi-solid by gradual continuous temperature rise of different heating sections, when the pulping amount required by a large-size part is large, the temperature of the heating section has to be raised, the heat preservation before injection is prolonged, even if the heating is very short, the semi-solid primary crystal of an alloy tissue grows up to form rose dendrites (rosette-like structures), and then the rose dendrites remain in the part, so that the magnesium material is very unfavorable for the alloy molding fluidity, plasticity and strength, ideal semi-solid tissue control cannot be realized, and the application of the semi-solid technology on a high-performance structural member is limited. In addition, the efficiency of single-path semi-solid slurry preparation is low, the magnesium alloy needs to absorb a large amount of heat, and a single feeding mode still has a beat bottleneck under the condition of limited diameter of a charging barrel, so that the injection molding production of large magnesium alloy parts is difficult to really meet.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the molding process and the device for preparing the heterogeneous semi-solid magnesium alloy are suitable for high-performance and large-injection magnesium alloy molding, adopt multi-channel feeding, realize the synergistic promotion of the plasticity and corrosiveness of the magnesium alloy by utilizing slurry mixing transformation.
The invention solves the problems by adopting the following technical scheme: a molding process for preparing heterogeneous semi-solid structure magnesium alloy adopts multi-channel feeding, and different channels are used for carrying out different temperature control, solid-liquid mixing and injection processes to efficiently prepare semi-solid structure magnesium alloy with fine primary crystals and component heterogeneous characteristics;
stage 1: feeding and heating in a plurality of channels, adding various particles of magnesium alloy through two or more hopper channels, respectively entering different charging barrels, and conveying through corresponding screws, and rapidly heating according to different heating rates and target temperatures;
stage 2: the temperature control and the tissue control are respectively and independently controlled to keep particles in different charging barrels at different temperatures, at least one of the charging barrels is heated to a high solid phase state, at least one of the charging barrels is heated to a low solid phase or near liquidus state, and the minimum difference of the solid phase rate is more than 10 percent;
stage 3: mixing slurry, converting, namely merging semi-molten particles in different states in the middle of an injection charging barrel to generate supercooled structure conversion, forming a fine primary crystal spherical solid phase, shearing and mixing by an injection screw in a short time, and controlling the temperature again through the injection charging barrel to reach a proper medium solid phase rate state, wherein the solid phase is microscopically different from the alloy components in the liquid phase at the moment;
stage 4: and (3) performing high-speed injection solidification, namely performing injection molding on spherical crystal semi-solid slurry with good thixotropic property at high pressure and high speed, and performing fine primary crystal spherical solid solidification in a medium solid phase state to prepare the magnesium alloy with the heterogeneous microstructure of the microscopically heterogeneous component.
As an improvement of the invention, the magnesium alloy particles with the same component can be adopted for feeding in different channels, and the magnesium alloy particles with different components or other strengthening phases can be adopted, thereby being beneficial to forming heterogeneous semi-solid structures and realizing the formation of fine-grain heterogeneous semi-solid structures.
As an improvement of the invention, the plurality of hopper channels in the stage 1 are fed simultaneously, and then pass through different heating paths, the feeding speed is adjusted according to the difference of the heating paths, and the conveying speed in different barrels forms a stable batching mixing ratio.
As an improvement of the present invention, the solid fraction in the slurry in the high solid phase state in the stage 2 is 40% or more, and the solid fraction in the slurry in the low solid or near liquid phase state is 20% or less.
As an improvement of the present invention, in said stage 3, the solid phase is inherited mainly from the high solid phase slurry and is partially melted by the low melting phase, while the liquid phase is inherited mainly from the low solid phase slurry; after the semi-molten particles in different states are converged in the middle of the injection charging barrel, supercooled tissue transformation occurs, a proper solid phase rate state is achieved, the solid phase rate is 5-30%, and the thixotropic property is good.
As an improvement of the invention, the rotation speed of the injection screw in the step 4 is preferably 50-100 r/min, the temperature of the die is 200-300 ℃, and the injection speed is 3-6 m/s.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) Realizing the transition of fine-grain semi-solid tissue; according to the invention, a multi-channel feeding mode is adopted, so that the magnesium alloy is subjected to slurry heating in different paths and secondary mixed tissue transformation, through the confluence of high-solid-phase slurry and low-solid-phase slurry with different temperatures, the solid phase ratio of the high-solid-phase slurry and the low-solid-phase slurry is different by at least 10%, supercooling is generated in a liquid phase, primary grains are not easy to grow, original primary crystals in the high-solid-phase slurry are partially melted, and finally fine-grain semi-solid tissues before injection are formed, the coarsening of the tissues under large pulping melting quantity is avoided, the defect that the traditional semi-solid injection molding pulping mode adopts a single feeding mode is overcome, the defect that the magnesium alloy only can be subjected to tissue transformation in a single path is avoided, and the condition that the semi-solid primary crystals in the slurry are easy to overheat and grow to form rose dendrites is eliminated;
(2) Realizing heterogeneous semi-solid tissue. The magnesium alloy particles heated by different paths reach different solid-phase rate states before being converged, so that primary crystals of the high-solid-phase slurry contain low-content Al and high-content Zn elements, and the low-solid-phase or near-liquid-phase slurry contains high-content Al and low-content Zn elements, and the structure is inherited after being briefly converged, so that the element contents in the solid phase and the liquid phase of the mixed slurry are different, and the mixed slurry is solidified to form microscopic heterogeneous semi-solid structures, thereby not only maintaining the high solid-solution state of the primary alpha-Mg, but also maintaining the massive precipitation of beta phases in the eutectic structure, and being beneficial to the simultaneous improvement of mechanical property and corrosion property.
The invention solves the problems by adopting the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a forming device of preparation isomerism semi-solid structure magnesium alloy, includes the body, the body adopts a forming process of preparation isomerism semi-solid structure magnesium alloy, the body includes injection feed cylinder and a plurality of storage feed cylinder, and a plurality of storage feed cylinder is along the axial setting of injection feed cylinder, the outside of injection feed cylinder is equipped with injection heater, the outside of storage feed cylinder is equipped with the storage heater, be equipped with injection screw on the axis of injection feed cylinder, be equipped with the storage screw on the axis of storage feed cylinder, the one end of injection feed cylinder is equipped with the injection port, the one end that the injection feed cylinder kept away from the injection port is equipped with independent pan feeding mouth, the material in the injection feed cylinder is moved to the injection port direction under the screw-pushing of injection screw, the material in the storage feed cylinder moves to the injection feed cylinder under the screw-pushing of storage screw.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: compared with the traditional semi-solid injection molding pulping mode which adopts a single feeding mode, the semi-solid injection molding method has the advantages that heating in the multi-channel feeding process can be utilized, so that magnesium alloy particles can have more paths for obtaining heat, the integral melting time is shortened, and the molding period of large injection quantity required by large-size parts can be shortened; the injection charging barrel is provided with an injection port and an independent charging port, so that the unidirectional conveying of the molten materials in the injection charging barrel can be realized, the reverse flow of the magnesium semi-solid melt in the storage charging barrel at the junction is prevented, and the blockage of the injection screw is avoided; the invention forms solid-to-semisolid extrusion self-densification by blanking in the blanking process if the magnesium alloy semisolid melt is contacted with air at high temperature, which can prevent the high-temperature melt at the junction from directly contacting with air, thereby ensuring the high performance of the magnesium alloy; particles with the same or different components can be selectively added into the injection material cylinder and different material storage material cylinders, so that semi-solid metallurgical fusion is realized, and a new space is provided for the design of a magnesium alloy semi-solid structure.
According to the invention, the material storage cylinder is obliquely arranged on one side of the injection cylinder, and the included angle between the pushing direction of the material storage cylinder and the pushing direction of the injection cylinder is smaller than or equal to 90 degrees.
As an improvement of the invention, the independent feeding port is connected with the independent feeding hopper, the independent feeding hopper is connected with the injection charging barrel through the independent feeding hopper seat, a hopper channel is arranged in the independent feeding hopper seat, the joint of the independent feeding hopper seat and the injection charging barrel is vertically arranged, and the independent feeding hopper seat heater is arranged on the outer side of the independent feeding hopper seat.
According to the invention, an independent storage hopper is arranged at one end of the storage hopper far away from the injection hopper, the independent storage hopper is connected with the storage hopper through an independent storage hopper seat, a hopper channel is arranged in the independent storage hopper seat, the connection part of the independent storage hopper seat and the storage hopper is vertically arranged, and an independent storage hopper seat heater is arranged at the outer side of the independent storage hopper seat.
As an improvement of the invention, the injection heater is multi-zone section heating, comprising an injection cylinder front section heater, an injection cylinder rear section heater and a nozzle heater, wherein the injection cylinder front section heater is arranged between an independent feeding hopper and a connection part of a storage cylinder and the injection cylinder, the injection cylinder rear section heater is arranged between an injection port and a connection part of the storage cylinder and the injection cylinder, the injection cylinder rear section heater is used for controlling the temperature of the heated and mixed materials, and the nozzle heater is arranged outside the injection port.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a microstructure of the process flow of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a microstructure of a pre-fabricated semi-solid magnesium alloy according to example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a microstructure of a pre-fabricated semi-solid magnesium alloy according to example 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a microstructure of a pre-fabricated semi-solid magnesium alloy according to example 3 of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a microstructure of a pre-fabricated semi-solid magnesium alloy according to example 4 of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a microstructure of a trial-produced semi-solid magnesium alloy of comparative example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a microstructure of a trial-produced semi-solid magnesium alloy of comparative example 1 of the present invention.
The figure shows: 1. injection feed cylinder, 1.1, injection port, 2, storage feed cylinder, 3, injection heater, 3.1, injection material heater, 3.2, mixture material heater, 3.3, nozzle heater, 4, storage material heater, 5, injection screw, 6, storage screw, 7, independent feeding hopper, 8, independent feeding hopper seat, 9, independent feeding hopper seat heater, 10, independent storage hopper, 11, independent storage hopper seat, 12, independent storage hopper seat heater.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-3, a molding process for preparing heterogeneous semi-solid magnesium alloy adopts multi-channel feeding, and different channels are used for carrying out different temperature control, solid-liquid mixing and injection processes to efficiently prepare semi-solid magnesium alloy with fine primary crystals and heterogeneous components;
stage 1: feeding and heating in a plurality of channels, adding various particles of magnesium alloy through two hopper channels, respectively entering different charging barrels, and conveying through corresponding screws, and rapidly heating according to different heating rates and target temperatures;
stage 2: the temperature control and the tissue control are respectively and independently controlled to keep the particles in different charging barrels at different temperatures, one is heated to a high solid phase state, the other is heated to a low solid phase or near liquidus state, and the minimum difference of the solid phase rate is more than 10%;
stage 3: mixing and converting, namely merging semi-molten particles in different states in the middle of the injection charging barrel 1 to generate supercooled tissue conversion, forming a fine primary crystal spherical solid phase, shearing and mixing the fine primary crystal spherical solid phase by the injection screw 5 in a short time, and controlling the temperature again through the injection charging barrel 1 to reach a proper medium solid phase rate state, wherein the solid phase and the alloy component in the liquid phase are microscopically different;
stage 4: and (3) performing high-speed injection solidification, namely performing injection molding on spherical crystal semi-solid slurry with good thixotropic property at high pressure and high speed, and performing fine primary crystal spherical solid solidification in a medium solid phase state to prepare the magnesium alloy with the heterogeneous microstructure of the microscopically heterogeneous component.
The hopper channels in the stage 1 feed simultaneously, and then the feeding speed and the conveying speed in different barrels are adjusted according to the difference of the heating paths through different heating paths to form a stable batching mixing ratio.
The solid fraction in the high solid state slurry in the stage 2 is 40% or more, and the solid fraction in the low solid or near liquid state slurry is 20% or less.
After the semi-molten particles in different states in the stage 3 are converged in the middle of the injection charging barrel 1, supercooled tissue transformation occurs, and a proper solid phase rate state is achieved, wherein the solid phase rate is 5-30%.
The injection screw 5 is preferably rotated at a speed of 50 to 100r/min in stage 4, the mold temperature is preferably 200 to 300 ℃, and the injection speed is 3 to 6m/s.
The magnesium alloy particles with the same component can be adopted for feeding in different channels, and the magnesium alloy particles with different components or other strengthening phases can be adopted, so that heterogeneous semi-solid structures can be formed.
As shown in fig. 1, a molding device for preparing heterogeneous semi-solid magnesium alloy comprises a body, the body adopts a molding process for preparing heterogeneous semi-solid magnesium alloy, the body comprises an injection cylinder 1 and a plurality of storage cylinder 2, the plurality of storage cylinder 2 is arranged along the axial direction of the injection cylinder 1, an injection heater 3 is arranged on the outer side of the injection cylinder 1, a storage heater 4 is arranged on the outer side of the storage cylinder 2, an injection screw 5 is arranged on the axis of the injection cylinder 1, a storage screw 6 is arranged on the axis of the storage cylinder 2, an independent feed port 1.1 is arranged at one end of the injection cylinder 1, which is far away from the injection port 1.1, of the injection cylinder 1, materials in the injection cylinder 1 move towards the injection port 1.1 under the spiral pushing of the injection screw 5, materials in the storage cylinder 2 move inwards towards the injection cylinder 1 under the spiral pushing of the storage screw 6, the storage cylinder 2 is arranged on one side of the injection cylinder 1 in an inclined manner, and the included angle between the storage cylinder 2 and the injection cylinder 1 is smaller than 90 degrees.
The independent feeding port is connected with an independent feeding hopper 7, the independent feeding hopper 7 is connected with the injection charging barrel 1 through an independent feeding hopper seat 8, a hopper channel is arranged in the independent feeding hopper seat 8, the joint of the independent feeding hopper seat 8 and the injection charging barrel 1 is vertically arranged, and an independent feeding hopper seat heater 9 is arranged on the outer side of the independent feeding hopper seat 8.
The one end that injection feed cylinder 1 was kept away from to storage feed cylinder 2 is equipped with independent storage hopper 10, be connected through independent storage hopper seat 11 between independent storage hopper 10 and the storage feed cylinder 2, be equipped with the hopper passageway in the independent storage hopper seat 11, the junction of independent storage hopper seat 11 and storage feed cylinder 2 is perpendicular setting, the outside of independent storage hopper seat 11 is equipped with independent storage hopper seat heater 12.
The injection heater 3 is multi-zone section heating and comprises an injection charging barrel front section heater 3.1, an injection charging barrel rear section heater 3.2 and a nozzle heater 3.3, wherein the injection charging barrel front section heater 3.1 is arranged between an independent feeding hopper 7 and a connecting part of the storage charging barrel 2 and the injection charging barrel 1, the injection charging barrel rear section heater 3.2 is arranged between the connecting part of the injection port 1.1, the storage charging barrel 2 and the injection charging barrel 1, the injection charging barrel rear section heater 3.2 is used for controlling the temperature of materials after heating and mixing, and the nozzle heater 3.3 is arranged on the outer side of the injection port 1.1.
Taking the injection cylinder and the storage cylinder as examples, adding particles containing various different components into the injection cylinder, firstly adding particles for forming high-solid-phase slurry with the solid phase rate of about 40%, and heating and melting the particles by using an injection heater, so that primary crystals of the high-solid-phase slurry formed by the particles contain low-content Al and high-content Zn elements, simultaneously adding particles for forming low-solid-phase or near-liquid-phase slurry with the solid phase rate of less than 20%, heating and melting the particles by using the storage heater, so that primary crystals of the low-solid-phase or near-liquid-phase slurry formed by the particles contain high-content Al and low-content Zn elements, and conveying the particles into the injection cylinder for mixing after melting, and compared with the traditional slurry preparation method adopting a single-material feeding mode, the invention can avoid the conditions that the primary crystals in the slurry are easy to grow up to form rose-shaped crystals due to the overheating of the primary crystals in a single-phase slurry, can also utilize multiple paths of magnesium alloy to heat, so that the heat energy of the magnesium alloy can be more greatly shortened, and the cycle time of the magnesium alloy can be shortened, and the cycle of the process of heating and the magnesium alloy can be greatly shortened; also, if various alloy slurries of different phases are required, several more storage cylinders may be provided for heating the alloy slurries of different phases.
Example 1 AZ91 (Mg-9 Al-1 Zn) magnesium alloy particles were mixed according to a ratio of 1:1 and an independent material storage hopper 7 and an independent material storage hopper 10 are respectively added, one is conveyed from a material storage barrel to the joint of the material storage barrel 2 and the material injection barrel 1 under the action of a material storage screw 6, the other is conveyed from the material injection barrel to the joint of the material storage barrel 2 and the material injection barrel 1 under the action of the material injection screw 5, the material injection heater 3.1 is heated to 580 ℃ until reaching high solid phase ratio of 30% before merging, the material storage heater 4 is heated to 620 ℃ until reaching low solid phase ratio of 4.3% before merging, then semi-molten slurry in different states is merged at the joint of the material storage barrel 2 and the material injection barrel 1 to form a small primary crystal spherical solid phase, the solid phase ratio is about 8% by controlling the temperature of the material mixture heater 3.2 and is sheared by the material injection screw 5 in a short time, the rotating speed of the material injection screw 5 is 80r/min, the material injection nozzle is injected into a mold for high-speed cooling solidification, the mold temperature is 3.5m/s, the high-performance heterogeneous magnesium alloy meeting high-performance requirements is prepared, the high-performance heterogeneous magnesium alloy meeting high-solid phase requirements, and the spheroidization properties, the spheroidization properties of the high-phase magnesium alloy is as shown in a graph of 1 MPa, the tensile strength and the tensile strength of the graph is shown as well as 1.170 MPa, and the tensile strength is shown in the graph, and the graph is 1, and the tensile strength is shown by the graph is 1.5.5.5%.
Example 2 AZ91 (Mg-9 Al-1 Zn) magnesium alloy particles were prepared according to a ratio of 1:1, respectively adding the equal blanking weight rates by an independent feeding hopper 7 and an independent storage hopper 10, conveying the equal blanking weight rates from the storage hopper 2 to the joint of the storage hopper 2 and the injection hopper 1 under the action of a storage screw 6, conveying the equal blanking weight rates from the injection hopper 1 to the joint of the storage hopper 2 and the injection hopper 1 under the action of the injection screw 5, heating the injection material heater 3.1 to 575 ℃, reaching a high solid phase rate of 45% before the confluence, heating the storage material heater 4 to 620 ℃, reaching a low solid phase rate of 4.3% before the confluence, then merging the semi-molten slurry in different states at the joint of the storage hopper 2 and the injection hopper 1 to form a fine primary crystal spherical solid phase, shearing the solid phase rate of the small primary crystal spherical solid phase by the injection screw 5 in a short time by controlling the temperature of the mixed material heater 3.2, solidifying the injection screw 5 at a rotating speed of 80r/min, cooling the injection nozzle into a die at a high speed of 250 ℃, preparing a semi-solid phase magnesium alloy with a high performance meeting the high solid phase rate of 3.5m/s, and meeting the semi-solid phase property of the high magnesium alloy, and meeting the semi-solid phase property of the high-solid phase magnesium alloy, and uniform crystal grain yield and tensile strength of the alloy as shown in the table 1.260 MPa, and the graph 1, and the tensile strength of the semi-solid alloy is prepared to be uniform, and the tensile strength of the semi-solid alloy is shown in the graph 1.5 MPa, and the tensile strength is shown by the graph 1, and the tensile strength is 1.5.5.5.
Example 3 AZ91 (Mg-9 Al-1 Zn) magnesium alloy particles and AM60 (Mg-6 Al) magnesium alloy particles were mixed according to a ratio of 1:1 equivalent blanking weight rate is added by an independent feeding hopper 7 and an independent storage hopper 10 respectively, AZ91 (Mg-9 Al-1 Zn) magnesium alloy particles are conveyed from a storage barrel 2 to the joint of the storage barrel 2 and an injection barrel 1 under the action of a storage screw 6, AM60 (Mg-6 Al) magnesium alloy particles are conveyed from the injection barrel 1 to the joint of the storage barrel 2 and the injection barrel 1 under the action of an injection screw 5, an injection material heater 3.1 is set to be heated to 600 ℃, a high solid phase rate is reached before confluence, a storage heater 4 is set to be heated to 610 ℃, a low solid phase rate is reached to 5.1% before confluence, then semi-molten slurry in different states is confluence at the joint of the storage barrel 2 and the injection barrel 1, forming fine primary crystal spherical solid phase, controlling the temperature of a mixed material heater 3.2 to ensure that the solid phase rate is about 10 percent, shearing the mixed material by an injection screw 5 in a short time, injecting the mixed material into a die through an injection nozzle at the rotating speed of 80r/min, cooling and solidifying the mixed material at the high speed of 250 ℃ and the injection speed of 3.5m/s, preparing the high-performance heterogeneous semi-solid-state tissue magnesium alloy, and meeting the trial production of large injection quantity parts, wherein the microscopic structure and the mechanical property are shown in the graph of FIG. 6 and the table 1, and the semi-solid crystal grains are fine, spheroidized and uniformly distributed, and reach the yield strength of 158MPa, the tensile strength of 280MPa and the elongation of 9 percent.
Example 4 AZ91 (Mg-9 Al-1 Zn) magnesium alloy particles, AM60 (Mg-6 Al) magnesium alloy particles and ZK60 (Mg-6 Zn) magnesium alloy particles were mixed according to a ratio of 2:1:1 equivalent blanking weight rate is respectively added by an independent feeding hopper 7 and an independent storage hopper 10, AZ91 (Mg-9 Al-1 Zn) magnesium alloy particles are conveyed from an injection cylinder 1 to the joint of a storage cylinder 2 and the injection cylinder 1 under the action of an injection screw 5, AM60 (Mg-6 Al) magnesium alloy particles are conveyed from one storage cylinder 2 to the joint of the storage cylinder 2 and the injection cylinder 1 under the action of the storage screw 6, ZK60 (Mg-6 Zn) magnesium alloy particles are conveyed from the other storage cylinder 2 to the joint of the storage cylinder 2 and the injection cylinder 1 under the action of the storage screw 6, an injection material heater 3.1 is set to heat to 610 ℃, a high solid phase rate of 5.1% is reached before the confluence, a storage heater 4 for conveying AM60 (Mg-6 Al) magnesium alloy particles is set to heat to 600 ℃, the method comprises the steps of reaching 38% of low solid phase rate before confluence, setting and heating a storage heater 4 for conveying ZK60 (Mg-6 Zn) magnesium alloy particles to 610 ℃, reaching 30% of low solid phase rate before confluence, then merging semi-molten slurry in different states at the joint of a storage cylinder 2 and an injection cylinder 1 to form a fine primary crystal spherical solid phase, controlling the temperature of the mixture heater 3.2 to enable the solid phase rate to be about 10% and shearing the mixture by an injection screw 5 in a short time, enabling the rotating speed of the injection screw 5 to be 80r/min, injecting the mixture into a die through an injection nozzle for high-speed cooling solidification, enabling the die temperature to be 250 ℃ and the injection speed to be 3.5m/s, preparing and obtaining high-performance heterogeneous semi-solid structure magnesium alloy, and meeting the test of large-injection-amount parts, wherein the semi-solid structure and the mechanical properties are as shown in fig. 7 and table 1, and the crystal grains are fine, spheroidized and uniformly distributed to reach yield strength of 180MPa, tensile strength of 300MPa and elongation of 8 percent.
In comparative example 1, AZ91 (Mg-9 Al-1 Zn) magnesium alloy particles are added from an independent feeding hopper 7, are conveyed forward by an injection screw 5, are heated to 600 ℃ in an injection cylinder 1 to reach a low solid phase ratio of 10.2%, are subjected to temperature control to enable the solid phase ratio to be about 8%, are sheared by the injection screw 5 in a short time, are injected into a mold through an injection nozzle for high-speed cooling solidification, the mold temperature is 250 ℃, the injection speed is 3.5m/s, and the semi-solid structure magnesium alloy is prepared, and has microscopic structures and mechanical properties as shown in fig. 8 and table 1, and semi-solid grains are subjected to long and long crystallization so as to be unfavorable for forming capacity and mechanical properties, and only reach a yield strength of 147MPa, a tensile strength of 220MPa and an elongation of 2.5%.
Comparative example 2 AZ91 (Mg-9 Al-1 Zn) magnesium alloy particles were prepared according to a ratio of 1:1 and the equivalent blanking weight rate is respectively added by an independent feeding hopper 7 and an independent storage hopper 10, one is conveyed from a storage barrel to the joint of a storage barrel 2 and an injection barrel 1 under the action of a storage screw 6, the other is conveyed from the injection barrel to the joint of the storage barrel 2 and the injection barrel 1 under the action of the injection screw 5, the injection material heater 3.1 and the storage material heater 4 are heated to 610 ℃, the same low solid phase ratio of 5.1% is achieved before the confluence, then semi-molten slurry in different states is converged at the joint of the storage barrel 2 and the injection barrel 1, the solid phase ratio of the semi-molten slurry is about 5% by controlling the temperature of the mixed material heater 3.2, the mixed material is sheared by the injection screw 5 in a short time, the rotating speed of the injection screw 5 is 80r/min, the mixed material is injected into a die through an injection nozzle to be cooled and solidified at a high speed, the die temperature is 250 ℃, the injection speed is 3.5m/s, the high-performance semi-solid heterogeneous magnesium alloy is prepared, the high-state heterogeneous structure magnesium alloy meeting the requirement of high injection quantity is obtained, the microscopic structure and the properties, the spheroidization and the yield and the tensile strength are as shown in figure 9, 1, the semi-solid state distribution and the tensile strength are uniform and 148.2.215%.
TABLE 1
| Material | Shaping ability | Yield strength (MPa) | Tensile strength (MPa) | Elongation (%) | Corrosion resistance |
| Example 1 | Excellent (excellent) | 170 | 270 | 5.5 | Excellent (excellent) |
| Example 2 | Excellent (excellent) | 160 | 260 | 6.5 | Excellent (excellent) |
| Example 3 | Excellent (excellent) | 158 | 280 | 9 | Excellent (excellent) |
| Example 4 | Excellent (excellent) | 180 | 300 | 8 | Good grade (good) |
| Comparative example 1 | Difference of difference | 147 | 220 | 2.5 | Difference of difference |
| Comparative example 2 | Difference of difference | 148 | 215 | 2.2 | Difference of difference |
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the claims. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the specific structure thereof is allowed to vary. All changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope.
Claims (10)
1. A molding process for preparing heterogeneous semi-solid structure magnesium alloy is characterized in that: adopting multi-channel feeding, carrying out different temperature control, solid-liquid mixing and injection process cooperation on different channels, and efficiently preparing the semi-solid tissue magnesium alloy with fine primary crystals and component isomerism characteristics;
stage 1: feeding and heating in a plurality of channels, adding various particles of magnesium alloy through two or more hopper channels, respectively entering different charging barrels, and conveying through corresponding screws, and rapidly heating according to different heating rates and target temperatures;
stage 2: the temperature control and the tissue control are respectively and independently controlled to keep particles in different charging barrels at different temperatures, at least one of the charging barrels is heated to a high solid phase state, at least one of the charging barrels is heated to a low solid phase or near liquidus state, and the minimum difference of the solid phase rate is more than 10 percent;
stage 3: mixing and converting, wherein semi-molten particles in different states are converged in the middle of an injection charging barrel (1) to generate supercooled tissue conversion, a fine primary crystal spherical solid phase is formed, the fine primary crystal spherical solid phase is sheared and mixed by an injection screw (5) in a short time, the temperature is controlled again through the injection charging barrel (1) to reach a proper medium solid phase rate state, and at the moment, the solid phase is microscopically different from alloy components in a liquid phase;
stage 4: and (3) performing high-speed injection solidification, namely performing injection molding on spherical crystal semi-solid slurry with good thixotropic property at high pressure and high speed, and performing fine primary crystal spherical solid solidification in a medium solid phase state to prepare the magnesium alloy with the heterogeneous microstructure of the microscopically heterogeneous component.
2. The molding process for preparing the heterogeneous semi-solid magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the molding process is characterized in that: the magnesium alloy particles with the same component can be adopted for feeding in different channels, and the magnesium alloy particles with different components or other strengthening phases can be adopted, so that heterogeneous semi-solid structures can be formed.
3. The molding process for preparing the heterogeneous semi-solid magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the molding process is characterized in that: the hopper channels in the stage 1 feed simultaneously, and then the feeding speed and the conveying speed in different barrels are adjusted according to the difference of the heating paths through different heating paths to form a stable batching mixing ratio.
4. The molding process for preparing the heterogeneous semi-solid magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the molding process is characterized in that: the solid fraction in the high solid state slurry in the stage 2 is 40% or more, and the solid fraction in the low solid or near liquid state slurry is 20% or less.
5. The molding process for preparing the heterogeneous semi-solid magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the molding process is characterized in that: and after the semi-molten particles in different states in the stage 3 are converged in the middle of the injection charging barrel (1), supercooled tissue transformation occurs, so that a proper solid phase rate state is achieved, and the solid phase rate is 5-30%.
6. The utility model provides a forming device of preparation isomerism semi-solid state structure magnesium alloy, includes body, its characterized in that: the body adopts the molding process of the heterogeneous semi-solid structure magnesium alloy of any one of claims 1-5, the body comprises an injection cylinder (1) and a plurality of storage cylinders (2), the plurality of storage cylinders (2) are arranged along the axial direction of the injection cylinder (1), an injection heater (3) is arranged on the outer side of the injection cylinder (1), a storage heater (4) is arranged on the outer side of the storage cylinder (2), an injection screw (5) is arranged on the axis of the injection cylinder (1), a storage screw (6) is arranged on the axis of the storage cylinder (2), an injection port (1.1) is arranged at one end of the injection cylinder (1), an independent feed inlet is arranged at one end of the injection cylinder (1) away from the injection port (1.1), materials in the injection cylinder (1) move in the direction of the injection screw (5) towards the injection port (1.1) under the spiral pushing of the injection screw, and the materials in the storage cylinder (2) move in the spiral cylinder (6) towards the injection cylinder (1).
7. The molding device for preparing heterogeneous semi-solid magnesium alloy according to claim 6, wherein: the material storage cylinder (2) is obliquely arranged on one side of the injection cylinder (1), and an included angle between the material pushing direction of the material storage cylinder (2) and the material pushing direction of the injection cylinder (1) is smaller than or equal to 90 degrees.
8. The molding device for preparing heterogeneous semi-solid magnesium alloy according to claim 6, wherein: the automatic feeding device is characterized in that an independent feeding hopper (7) is connected to the independent feeding port, the independent feeding hopper (7) is connected with the injection charging barrel (1) through an independent feeding hopper seat (8), a hopper channel is formed in the independent feeding hopper seat (8), the joint of the independent feeding hopper seat (8) and the injection charging barrel (1) is vertically arranged, and an independent feeding hopper seat heater (9) is arranged on the outer side of the independent feeding hopper seat (8).
9. The molding device for preparing heterogeneous semi-solid magnesium alloy according to claim 6, wherein: the one end that injection feed cylinder (1) was kept away from to storage feed cylinder (2) is equipped with independent storage hopper (10), be connected through independent storage hopper seat (11) between independent storage hopper (10) and the storage feed cylinder (2), be equipped with the hopper passageway in independent storage hopper seat (11), the junction of independent storage hopper seat (11) and storage feed cylinder (2) is perpendicular setting, the outside of independent storage hopper seat (11) is equipped with independent storage hopper seat heater (12).
10. The molding device for preparing heterogeneous semi-solid magnesium alloy according to claim 6, wherein: the injection heater (3) is multi-region section heating, and comprises an injection cylinder front section heater (3.1) and an injection cylinder rear section heater (3.2) and a nozzle heater (3.3), wherein the injection cylinder front section heater (3.1) is arranged between an independent feeding hopper (7) and a connecting part of a storage cylinder (2) and the injection cylinder (1), the injection cylinder rear section heater (3.2) is arranged between an injection port (1.1) and a connecting part of the storage cylinder (2) and the injection cylinder (1), the injection cylinder rear section heater (3.2) is used for controlling the temperature of materials after heating and mixing, and the nozzle heater (3.3) is arranged on the outer side of the injection port (1.1).
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| CN116727630A (en) * | 2023-05-29 | 2023-09-12 | 伯乐智能装备股份有限公司 | Thixotropic molding process and equipment for spherical magnesium alloy with large injection quantity |
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| CN1194896A (en) * | 1997-03-27 | 1998-10-07 | 玛志达株式会社 | Method and apparatus for semi-melting injection molding, and products produced thereby |
| CN2597131Y (en) * | 2003-01-13 | 2004-01-07 | 吴奇颖 | Mixing producing device for covering molden material of metal injection moulding |
| US20160009010A1 (en) * | 2013-04-15 | 2016-01-14 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Plastic Technology Co., Ltd. | Injection molding apparatus and injection molding method |
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