CN117253762A - High-voltage-resistant and high-breaking-resistance fuse structure and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-voltage-resistant and high-breaking fuse structure, which comprises a tube body, a melt and two end caps; each end cap includes an inner end cap and an outer end cap; the inner end cap comprises an inner top plate and an inner coaming, the inner top plate is arranged right opposite to the opening of the pipe, the inner coaming is arranged around the inner top plate in a surrounding manner, the inner coaming is tightly matched with the pipe body, a through hole is formed in the middle of the inner top plate, and melt penetrates through the opening and the through hole to be connected with the inner end cap; the outer end cap comprises an outer top plate which is arranged opposite to the inner top plate, and an outer surrounding plate which is arranged around the outer top plate in a surrounding manner, and the outer surrounding plate is tightly matched with the inner surrounding plate; a silica gel layer is arranged between the inner top plate and the outer top plate; the opening parts at two ends of the cavity are respectively fixedly provided with a resin layer, the two resin layers are both positioned in the cavity, and arc extinguishing fillers are filled between the two resin layers. The arc breakdown end cap can be finally avoided through the protection of the resin layer, the silica gel layer and other multi-layer barriers. The voltage breakdown resistance of the fuse is effectively improved, breaking arc extinction is accelerated, and the safety breaking performance of the fuse is improved.

Description

High-voltage-resistant and high-breaking-resistance fuse structure and manufacturing method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to a fuse, in particular to a high-voltage-resistant and high-breaking fuse structure and a manufacturing method thereof.

Background

A fuse, also known as a fuse, a fuse link, is an electrical component that is installed in a circuit to ensure the safe operation of the circuit. After the current abnormally rises to a certain height and for a certain time, the fuse blows out to cut off the current, thereby playing a role in protecting the safe operation of the circuit.

In the prior art, when a short circuit occurs in a circuit, a fuse wire in the fuse is blown and an arc is generated, and the arc burns to two ends of an electrode. When a large short-circuit current is generated, the arc can be continuously burnt, and when the arc is burnt to the two ends of the electrode, the welding tin at the two ends can be driven to generate the arc together, so that larger energy is generated, the fuse is broken down, the fuse is damaged, and the fuse cannot be safely broken to protect a circuit.

Therefore, the existing fuse generally has insulating silica gel or arc extinguishing gel disposed at two ends of the inside of the chamber of the fuse tube body for blocking the arc from burning outwards, such as a tubular fuse with safe breaking as disclosed in chinese patent publication No. CN 203312235U, a fuse as disclosed in chinese patent publication No. CN208208706U, and so on. However, because the glue is elastic, when the inside of the pipe body is broken, the glue can slide due to the increase of the air pressure in the pipe body, so that the actual arc extinguishing function effect is poor, and the breaking capacity is required to be improved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a high-voltage-resistant and high-breaking fuse structure and a manufacturing method thereof.

In order to achieve the above object, the solution of the present invention is:

a high-voltage-resistant and high-breaking fuse structure comprises a tube body, a melt and two end caps; the inside of the tube body is provided with a cavity penetrating through two ends of the tube body, and openings are respectively formed at two ends of the tube body in the cavity; the melt penetrates through the cavity, two ends of the melt penetrate through openings at two ends of the cavity and are respectively connected with two end caps, and the two end caps are respectively covered and fixed at two ends of the pipe body;

each end cap includes an inner end cap and an outer end cap; the inner end cap comprises an inner top plate arranged opposite to the opening and an inner coaming surrounding the inner top plate, the inner coaming is tightly matched with the pipe body, a through hole is formed in the middle of the inner top plate, and melt passes through the opening and the through hole and is connected with the inner end cap; the outer end cap comprises an outer top plate which is arranged opposite to the inner top plate, and an outer surrounding plate which is arranged around the outer top plate in a surrounding manner, and the outer surrounding plate is tightly matched with the inner surrounding plate; a silica gel layer is arranged between the inner top plate and the outer top plate; the opening parts at two ends of the cavity are respectively fixedly provided with a resin layer, the two resin layers are both positioned in the cavity, and arc extinguishing fillers are filled between the two resin layers.

Further, a convex part is convexly arranged in the middle of the inner top plate towards the opening, a groove is formed in one side of the convex part, which faces away from the opening, and the through hole is formed in the middle of the convex part; the silica gel layer is filled in the groove of the inner top plate to form a buffer part.

Further, the melt is soldered in the recess of the inner end cap.

Further, the thickness of the silica gel layer is between 0.5mm and 2 mm.

Further, the amount of each resin layer is between 10-20% of the total volume of the cavity of the tube body, and the resin layer is formed by single-component epoxy resin or double-component epoxy resin.

Further, the arc extinguishing filler is quartz sand, and the mesh number is between 60 meshes and 120 meshes.

Further, the fuse is a rectangular patch type fuse; the middle parts of the two ends of the pipe body are outwards protruded to form fixing parts; the opening is positioned in the fixing part, and a circle of abdication groove is formed at the periphery of the fixing part; the end cap covers the abdication groove on the periphery of the fixing part.

Further, the two end caps are respectively fixed at the two ends of the pipe body in a riveting mode.

The invention also provides a manufacturing method of the high-voltage-resistant and high-breaking fuse structure, which is used for producing the high-voltage-resistant and high-breaking fuse structure, and comprises the following steps:

A. sleeving two inner end caps at two ends of a tube body of the fuse;

B. penetrating the melt through a fuse tube body sleeved with two inner end caps, and fixing two ends of the fuse tube body to the two inner end caps;

C. injecting epoxy resin into one end of the fuse tube body sleeved with the inner end cap;

D. coating silica gel on the surface of an outer top plate on the inner side of the outer end cap;

E. the outer end cap coated with silica gel is sleeved on one end of the fuse tube body into which the epoxy resin is injected;

F. turning over one end of the fuse tube body sleeved with the outer end cap, and filling arc extinguishing filler into the other end of the fuse tube body;

G. injecting epoxy resin into the fuse tube body at the same end;

H. the other outer end cap coated with silica gel is sleeved on the other end of the fuse tube body;

I. and (5) putting the fuse tube body into a drying box for baking and drying to form the fuse structure.

Further, the baking temperature is 100-125 ℃, and the baking time is 1-2 hours.

After adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, owing to pack the arc extinguishing filler in the cavity, when the fuse-element fuses and produces the electric arc, can carry out preliminary arc extinction at first by means of the arc extinguishing filler, when the electric arc burns to body both ends, can receive solid-state insulating resin layer to be isolated, further accelerate the electric arc and extinguish, and owing to still press from both sides between inner end cap and the outer end cap and be equipped with insulating silica gel layer, insulating silica gel layer just sets up to the opening, can regard as final barrier, and silica gel has elasticity, can carry out final separation, buffering to the electric arc. That is, arc breakdown of the end cap can be ultimately avoided by the multi-layer barrier protection. The voltage breakdown resistance of the fuse is effectively improved, breaking arc extinction is accelerated, and the safety breaking performance of the fuse is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a partially exploded view of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of an inner end cap of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is another perspective view of an inner end cap of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of an outer end cap of an embodiment of the present invention.

Symbol description: pipe body 1, cavity 11, opening 12, fixed part 13, groove 14, fuse-element 2, end cap 3, inner end cap 31, interior roof 311, interior bounding wall 312, convex part 313, recess 314, through-hole 315, outer end cap 32, outer roof 321, outer bounding wall 322, silica gel layer 4, buffer part 41, arc extinguishing filler 5, resin layer 6.

Detailed Description

For the purposes of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, which are generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be understood that the indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship conventionally put in place when the product of the application is used, or the orientation or positional relationship conventionally understood by those skilled in the art, is merely for convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and is not indicative or implying that the apparatus or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present application.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" and "a number" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically connected, electrically connected or can be communicated with each other; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific context.

In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include both the first and second features being in direct contact, as well as the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other through additional features therebetween. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different structures of the present application. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present application, the components and arrangements of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present application. Furthermore, the present application may repeat reference numerals and/or letters in the various examples, which are for the purpose of brevity and clarity, and which do not in themselves indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and/or arrangements discussed.

In addition, the present application provides examples of various specific processes and materials, but one of ordinary skill in the art may recognize the application of other processes and/or the use of other materials.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the fuse structure of the present invention is a patch type fuse, and has a rectangular body, and includes a tube body 1, a melt 2, two end caps 3, two silica gel layers 4, an arc extinguishing filler 5, and two resin layers 6.

The pipe body 1 is a rectangular body, a cavity 11 penetrating through two ends of the pipe body 1 is arranged in the pipe body 1, openings 12 are formed in the two ends of the pipe body 1 in the cavity 11 respectively, fixing portions 13 are formed in the middle of the two ends of the pipe body 1 in a protruding mode, the openings 12 are located in the fixing portions 13, and a circle of abdication groove 14 is formed in the periphery of the fixing portions 13.

The melt 2 passes through the cavity 11, and two ends of the melt 2 pass through openings 12 at two ends of the cavity 11 to be electrically connected to the two end caps 3 respectively.

The two end caps 3 are respectively covered and can be fixed at the abdication grooves 14 of the periphery of the fixing parts 13 at the two ends of the tube body 1 in a riveting way, so that the outer walls of the end caps 3 and the outer wall of the tube body 1 are mutually flush, and the volume of the patch type fuse is reduced.

Referring to fig. 3 to 5, each end cap 3 includes an inner end cap 31 and an outer end cap 32, the inner end cap 31 and the outer end cap 32 can be made of copper, the inner end cap 31 covers and fits on the outer side of the fixing portion 13, and the outer end cap 32 covers and fits on the outer side of the inner end cap 31.

The inner end cap 31 includes an inner ceiling 311 disposed opposite the opening 12, and an inner shroud 312 surrounding the inner ceiling 311. The inner coaming 312 can be tightly attached to the periphery of the fixing portion 13, a protrusion 313 is convexly arranged in the middle of the inner top plate 311 towards the opening 12, a groove 314 is arranged on one side of the protrusion 313, which is opposite to the opening 12, a through hole 315 is arranged in the middle of the protrusion 313, the through hole 315 communicates with the cavity 11 of the pipe body 1 and the groove 314, the end part of the melt 2 passes through the opening 12 from the through hole 315 and is welded on the inner end cap 31 through soldering, or the melt 2 can be directly riveted on the inner end cap 31 to realize electric connection.

The outer end cap 32 includes an outer top plate 321 disposed opposite the inner top plate 311, and an outer peripheral plate 322 surrounding the outer top plate 321. The outer peripheral plate 322 is closely attached to the inner peripheral plate 312, whereby the inner end cap 31 and the outer end cap 32 can be electrically connected, and the outer peripheral plate 322, the inner peripheral plate 312 and the fixing portion 13 can be directly fixed by caulking. The inner top plate 311 is disposed inside the outer top plate 321, and a silica gel layer 4 is disposed between the inner top plate 311 and the outer top plate 321, and the silica gel layer 4 fills the grooves 314 of the inner top plate 311 to form thicker buffer portions 41. Further fixing the welding position between the melt 2 and the inner end cap 31, greatly improving the product performance.

The cavity 11 is filled with arc extinguishing filler 5, which can be quartz sand, and the openings 12 at the two ends of the cavity 11 are respectively fixedly provided with a resin layer 6. The resin layers 6 are all located in the cavity 11 and inside the protruding portion 313 and can be filled at the through holes 315, and the arc extinguishing filler 5 is filled between the two resin layers 6 and is sealed and isolated by the two resin layers 6 and the pipe body 1.

The amount of each of the resin layers 6 is between 10-20% of the total volume inside the cavity 11 of the tube body 1 to form the resin layer 6 having a certain thickness.

Therefore, as the arc extinguishing filler 5 is filled in the cavity 11, when the melt 2 is fused to generate an electric arc, the arc extinguishing filler 5 can be used for carrying out preliminary arc extinguishing at first, when the electric arc burns towards the two ends of the pipe body 1, the electric arc is isolated by the solid insulating resin layer 6, the electric arc extinguishing is further accelerated, and as the insulating silica gel layer 4 is further clamped between the inner end cap 31 and the outer end cap 32, the insulating silica gel layer 4 is arranged opposite to the opening 12 and can be used as a final barrier, and the silica gel has elasticity and can carry out final blocking and buffering on the electric arc. That is, arc breakdown of the end cap 3 can be eventually avoided by the multi-layered barrier protection.

The inner end cap 31 is provided with the groove 314, and the silica gel layer 4 in the groove 314 is provided with the thicker buffer part 41, so that the buffer part has better elastic buffer and insulation effects, and can greatly improve the barrier protection effect, improve the voltage breakdown resistance of the fuse and extinguish the breaking arc while saving the material cost and reducing the volume of the fuse. Meanwhile, due to the arrangement of the grooves 314, the silica gel layer 4 and the resin layer 6 are matched with each other to form a concave-convex matched structure, so that the structure is more stable, the deviation can not occur, and the breaking arc extinguishing effect is greatly improved.

And because the two ends in the tube body 1 are sealed by the solid resin layer 6, the air pressure in the tube is large, and the resin layer 6 and the silica gel layer 4 play a role in barrier, insulate and isolate voltage, the gasified ions can be prevented from being ionized again to form an arc, and the safety breaking performance of the fuse is improved.

The high-voltage-resistant and high-breaking fuse structure can be manufactured by the following method.

The specific method comprises the following steps:

A. two inner end caps 31 are respectively sleeved at the two ends of the fuse tube body 1, the inner end caps 31 are tightly matched with the positions of the abdication grooves 14 at the two ends of the fuse tube body 1, and the tight fit can be realized in a riveting mode.

B. The melt 2 is passed through the fuse tube body 1 which is sleeved with the two inner end caps 31, and is welded on the grooves 314 of the two inner end caps 31 by soldering tin, and the melt 2 is passed through a through hole 315 in the middle of the inner end caps 31.

C. A certain amount of epoxy resin is injected into one end of the cartridge body 1 of the cap 31. The epoxy resin is formed into the resin layer 6 after molding, and the epoxy resin can be single-component epoxy resin (or double-component epoxy resin), and the epoxy resin is filled into the cavity 11 of the fuse tube body 1, is approximately 1/5 near the inner end cap 31 and is flush with the outer edge of the through hole 315 of the inner end cap 31, so that one side of the inner end cap 31 is ensured to be fully filled with the fuse tube body 1. The single-component epoxy resin is characterized by stable maintenance at low temperature or normal temperature, long service time, good temperature resistance, bonding force and sealing after curing.

D. The surface of the outer top plate 321 inside the outer end cap 32 is coated with a certain thickness of silica gel. After the molding of the silicone gel, a silicone gel layer 4 is formed, wherein the silicone gel can be selected to be spread over the inner top plate 311 on the inner side of the whole outer end cap 32, and the thickness is between 0.5mm and 2 mm. The silicone adhesive has the characteristics of good insulating property and high and low temperature resistance, and has the shock absorption and buffering effects.

E. An outer end cap 32 coated with a certain thickness of silica gel is fitted over one end of the cartridge body 1 into which the epoxy resin has been injected.

The silicone in the outer cap 32 will automatically fill the groove 314 of the inner cap 31 when pressed.

F. One end of the fuse tube body 1 sleeved with the outer end cap 32 is turned over, and quartz sand with arc extinguishing filler 5 is poured into the other end of the fuse tube body 1. The quartz sand can be selected from 60-120 meshes, can be completely contacted with the melt 2 after being filled into the fuse tube body 1, has large contact surface, can absorb a large amount of heat energy after the melt 2 is fused, cools the electric arc and extinguishes the arc quickly.

G. Through the through hole 315, a certain amount of epoxy resin is injected into the fuse tube body 1 at the same end. The amount of epoxy resin may be consistent with the maintenance of step C.

H. Another outer end cap 32, which has been coated with silicone, is fitted over the other end of the fuse tube 1. The thickness of the silica gel may be consistent with the maintenance of step D.

I. The fuse tube body 1 is put into a drying box to be baked and dried, thus forming the invention. The baking temperature can be 100-125 deg.c and the baking time is 1-2 hr.

The beneficial effects of the invention are further illustrated by test experiments below.

The samples were divided into groups a and B for comparison in comparison tests:

the A group is used for manufacturing a sample according to the method of the invention, and a silica gel layer filled with a resin layer and quartz sand matched with an end cap is arranged in the fuse tube;

and the inside of the group B fuse tube is only filled with quartz sand independently.

The test method comprises the following steps:

1. respectively welding the surface mount fuse tubes of the group A sample and the group B sample on a test fixture;

2. alternating current test is adopted, the switching-on phase angle is unified to be 30 degrees, the power factor is cos phi 0.77, the test voltage is 250V, and the breaking current is 1500A;

3. and testing to obtain the total fusing time, the pre-arcing time and the arcing time.

Test results:

1. total fusing time, pre-arcing time, arcing time fusing time:

2. appearance of the product after breaking test:

induction:

1. total fusing time:

for the scheme of the patent, the total fusing time of the sample in the group A is 0.412ms and is 6.638ms shorter than that of the sample in the group B, namely, the total fusing time of the sample in the group A is 94.156 percent shorter than that of the sample in the group B;

2. pre-arcing time:

the pre-arcing time A group sample and the B group sample are almost indistinguishable, the A group sample is slightly shorter than the B group sample by 0.104ms, and the A group sample is reduced by 21.186% compared with the B group sample;

3. flashover time:

the flashover time of the sample in the group A is reduced by 6.534ms compared with the sample in the group B by 0.086ms, namely, the flashover time of the sample in the group A is reduced by 98.70 percent compared with the flashover time of the sample in the group B.

4. The appearance of the group a samples remained intact after the disruption, while the end caps of group B had perforations.

The test brings the conclusion:

the test proves that the silica gel layer filled with the resin layer and quartz sand matched with the end cap in the fuse tube can shorten the breaking time, has excellent breaking effect and strong arc extinguishing capability, and greatly improves the breaking capability of the fuse.

In summary, by using the manufacturing method of the invention, the high-voltage-resistant and high-breaking fuse structure can be stably and reliably produced, the breaking capacity of the fuse is effectively improved, and the circuit safety is ensured.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and all technical solutions belonging to the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that equivalent changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention, which still falls within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A high-voltage-resistant and high-breaking fuse structure comprises a tube body, a melt and two end caps; the inside of the tube body is provided with a cavity penetrating through two ends of the tube body, and openings are respectively formed at two ends of the tube body in the cavity; the melt penetrates through the cavity, two ends of the melt penetrate through openings at two ends of the cavity and are respectively connected with two end caps, and the two end caps are respectively covered and fixed at two ends of the pipe body; the method is characterized in that:

each end cap includes an inner end cap and an outer end cap; the inner end cap comprises an inner top plate arranged opposite to the opening and an inner coaming surrounding the inner top plate, the inner coaming is tightly matched with the pipe body, a through hole is formed in the middle of the inner top plate, and melt passes through the opening and the through hole and is connected with the inner end cap; the outer end cap comprises an outer top plate which is arranged opposite to the inner top plate, and an outer surrounding plate which is arranged around the outer top plate in a surrounding manner, and the outer surrounding plate is tightly matched with the inner surrounding plate; a silica gel layer is arranged between the inner top plate and the outer top plate; the opening parts at two ends of the cavity are respectively fixedly provided with a resin layer, the two resin layers are both positioned in the cavity, and arc extinguishing fillers are filled between the two resin layers.

2. A high voltage and high breaking fuse structure in accordance with claim 1, wherein: the middle part of the inner top plate is convexly provided with a convex part towards the opening, one side of the convex part, which is away from the opening, is provided with a groove, and the middle part of the convex part is provided with the through hole; the silica gel layer is filled in the groove of the inner top plate to form a buffer part.

3. A high voltage and high breaking fuse structure in accordance with claim 2, wherein: the melt is soldered in the groove of the inner end cap.

4. A high voltage and high breaking fuse structure in accordance with claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the silica gel layer is between 0.5mm and 2 mm.

5. A high voltage and high breaking fuse structure in accordance with claim 1, wherein: the amount of each resin layer is between 10 and 20 percent of the total volume inside the cavity of the tube body, and the resin layers are formed by single-component epoxy resin or double-component epoxy resin.

6. A high voltage and high breaking fuse structure in accordance with claim 1, wherein: the arc extinguishing filler is quartz sand with the mesh number of 60-120 meshes.

7. A high voltage and high breaking fuse structure in accordance with claim 1, wherein: the fuse is a rectangular patch type fuse; the middle parts of the two ends of the pipe body are outwards protruded to form fixing parts; the opening is positioned in the fixing part, and a circle of abdication groove is formed at the periphery of the fixing part; the end cap covers the abdication groove on the periphery of the fixing part.

8. A high voltage and high breaking fuse structure in accordance with claim 1, wherein: the two end caps are respectively fixed at the two ends of the pipe body in a riveting mode.

9. A method of manufacturing a high voltage and high breaking fuse structure for producing a high voltage and high breaking fuse structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, the method steps comprising:

A. sleeving two inner end caps at two ends of a tube body of the fuse;

B. penetrating the melt through a fuse tube body sleeved with two inner end caps, and fixing two ends of the fuse tube body to the two inner end caps;

C. injecting epoxy resin into one end of the fuse tube body sleeved with the inner end cap;

D. coating silica gel on the surface of an outer top plate on the inner side of the outer end cap;

E. the outer end cap coated with silica gel is sleeved on one end of the fuse tube body into which the epoxy resin is injected;

F. turning over one end of the fuse tube body sleeved with the outer end cap, and filling arc extinguishing filler into the other end of the fuse tube body;

G. injecting epoxy resin into the fuse tube body at the same end;

H. the other outer end cap coated with silica gel is sleeved on the other end of the fuse tube body;

I. and (5) putting the fuse tube body into a drying box for baking and drying to form the fuse structure.

10. A method of manufacturing a high voltage and high breaking fuse structure according to claim 9, wherein the baking temperature is between 100 degrees and 125 degrees and the baking time is between 1 hour and 2 hours.