CN117247782A - Sequencing batch continuous step self-heating raw charcoal firing equipment and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a sequencing batch continuous step self-heating raw charcoal firing device and a method, which belong to the technical field of charcoal firing, wherein the device comprises a combustion furnace which is connected with a fuel burner; the drying furnace is connected with the independent pyrolysis mechanisms through a hot flue gas conveying pipeline; a high-temperature flue gas conveying pipeline and a pyrolysis gas conveying pipeline are connected between the independent pyrolysis mechanism and the combustion furnace; the method comprises the steps of drying pretreatment, feeding, pyrolysis carbonization and discharging; the invention can realize direct pyrolysis of large branches, sequencing batch feeding and discharging, continuous production of raw charcoal and cyclic operation of the system; the generated pyrolysis gas can be used as the raw material for pyrolysis to provide heat, and the target product is only raw charcoal, so that the post-treatment process is omitted, the energy utilization rate is improved, the energy consumption is reduced, and the production cost is reduced; the sealing mode is simple, and sealing effect is good, has reduced the heat dissipation of pyrolysis process.

Description

Sequencing batch continuous step self-heating raw charcoal firing equipment and method

Technical Field

The invention relates to a sequencing batch continuous step self-heating raw charcoal firing device and method, and belongs to the technical field of charcoal firing.

Background

In recent years, with the rapid development of fruit industry in China, the pruning quantity of fruit trees is increased year by year. The traditional disposal mode is stacking and burning. At present, the fruit tree pruning is participated in composting, direct returning to the field and pyrolysis carbonization, but the fruit tree pruning is required to be crushed, which undoubtedly increases the treatment cost.

The raw charcoal has high density, high combustible component proportion and larger heat ratio; no additive and less toxic gas after combustion; the moisture resistance is good; not fragile, and the like, and has higher market value. The direct pyrolysis of the pruned fruit tree is a better treatment mode for producing the raw charcoal.

The traditional charcoal kiln has the pollution problems of tar, particulate matters and the like, and the prior charcoal kiln is prohibited to be used. The existing continuous pyrolysis equipment is used for treating materials with smaller particle sizes, sealing of a feed inlet and a discharge outlet can be achieved, if fruit tree pruning is treated, smashing operation is needed in advance, so that the operation is high in cost, raw charcoal blocks cannot be produced, sequencing batch pyrolysis equipment is selected, continuous production cannot be achieved, time and labor are wasted, production efficiency is low, and practical engineering requirements cannot be met. Therefore, a set of equipment and a method for processing fruit tree pruning, which can meet engineering requirements, are needed.

The invention provides a continuous combustion carbonization furnace, which adopts a combustion carbonization integrated hearth to carry out carbonization treatment on agricultural wastes and solves the problem of exceeding standard of flue gas and carbon monoxide in emission; the device is especially suitable for carbonization of agricultural wastes such as field crop stalks and the like. The patent number CN 209640066U proposes a device for continuously pyrolyzing self-heating biomass to prepare biochar and application thereof, and the device directly takes the generated bio-oil and pyrolysis gas as fuel to provide heat energy for the biomass pyrolysis process in the biomass pyrolysis process, and when the biomass pyrolysis process is continuously and stably carried out, no external energy is required to be provided, and the biomass pyrolysis process can also be continuously carried out. However, both the two inventions essentially use a spiral feeding mode, the sealing and feeding are limited, and the direct pyrolysis of large branches such as fruit tree pruning cannot be realized, so that the production of raw charcoal cannot be realized.

The invention has novel structure and ingenious conception, separates the burnt wood from air, carbonizes the wood at a certain temperature, carbonizes the burnt wood into charcoal, is suitable for manufacturing charcoal in small batches for household use, and has high molding efficiency and convenient use. But is only suitable for small-batch production, and continuous industrialized production of raw charcoal is not realized.

In summary, most of the existing continuous pyrolysis equipment is used for conveying materials in a spiral pushing mode aiming at crushed materials, and sealing during pyrolysis in the continuous pyrolysis equipment can be realized only by the materials with smaller particle sizes, so that the sealing effect is poor and the materials are easy to jam; when the large-block materials such as fruit tree pruning, cotton straw and the like and long branches are pyrolyzed, only a sequencing batch pyrolysis mode is adopted, namely intermittent feeding and intermittent carbon discharging are needed, a large amount of heat is required to be dissipated due to the fact that a hearth is opened and closed in the process, continuous production cannot be achieved, and the method is low in efficiency and time and labor are wasted.

In summary, it is clear that the prior art has inconvenience and defects in practical use, so that improvement is needed.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects, the invention provides a sequencing batch continuous step self-heating raw charcoal firing equipment and a method, which can realize the following purposes:

1. the equipment can realize direct pyrolysis of large branches such as fruit tree pruning and the like, sequencing batch feeding and discharging are realized, raw charcoal is continuously produced, and the system is operated circularly;

2. the equipment can simultaneously take the generated pyrolysis gas as the fuel to provide heat for pyrolysis of the raw material, and the target product is only raw charcoal, so that the working procedure of post-treatment is omitted, the energy utilization rate is improved, the energy consumption is reduced, and the production cost is reduced;

3. the sealing mode is simple in the pyrolysis process of the equipment, the sealing effect is good, and the heat loss in the pyrolysis process is reduced;

4. the method can realize sequencing batch feeding and discharging, continuous production of raw charcoal, and recycling of pyrolysis, so that the post-treatment procedure of pyrolysis gas is omitted, the energy utilization rate is improved, and the cost is reduced.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a sequencing batch continuous cascade self-powered pyrogen charcoal firing apparatus comprising:

the combustion furnace is connected with the fuel oil burner;

the independent pyrolysis mechanisms are arranged in parallel;

the drying furnace is connected with the plurality of independent pyrolysis mechanisms through a hot flue gas conveying pipeline, and the waste heat generated after the high-temperature flue gas participates in pyrolysis is utilized to provide heat for raw material drying;

a high-temperature flue gas conveying pipeline and a pyrolysis gas conveying pipeline are connected between the independent pyrolysis mechanism and the combustion furnace, and the high-temperature flue gas conveying pipeline conveys high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion furnace into the independent pyrolysis mechanism; the pyrolysis gas conveying pipeline conveys pyrolysis gas generated by the independent pyrolysis mechanism to the combustion furnace.

Further, the independent pyrolysis mechanism comprises a heating chamber and a pyrolysis box, the heating chamber is a square box body with an opening at the side part, and an insulation layer is arranged outside the heating chamber;

the heating chamber is internally provided with a heating cavity, and the heating cavity can be placed in or taken out of the pyrolysis box.

Further, the pyrolysis box is a wedge-shaped body with an inner cavity; the section width of the wedge body is gradually reduced from top to bottom, two symmetrical inclined surfaces are arranged at two corresponding side parts of the wedge body, and the inclination angle of each inclined surface is 1 degree; the heating cavity is a wedge-shaped cavity, and the wedge-shaped body is matched with the wedge-shaped cavity;

the heating chamber corresponds the inside high temperature flue gas chamber that is equipped with of both sides wall on pyrolysis box inclined plane, gao Wenyan air chamber is by the snakelike passageway of supreme crooked in proper order down, and the snakelike passageway is formed by a plurality of first guide plates and a plurality of second guide plates staggered arrangement.

Further, a detachable pyrolysis box cover is arranged at the top of the pyrolysis box, and the pyrolysis box cover is fixed on the pyrolysis box through bolts;

the pyrolysis box cover is sealed with the pyrolysis box through a high-temperature-resistant sealing ring.

Further, the combustion furnace is provided with a high-temperature flue gas outlet, and the lower end of the serpentine channel is provided with a high-temperature flue gas inlet;

the high-temperature flue gas conveying pipeline comprises a high-temperature flue gas conveying main pipeline and a plurality of high-temperature flue gas conveying branch pipelines connected in parallel on the high-temperature flue gas conveying main pipeline, the high-temperature flue gas conveying main pipeline is connected with a high-temperature flue gas outlet of the combustion furnace, and each high-temperature flue gas conveying branch pipeline is connected with a high-temperature flue gas inlet of an independent pyrolysis mechanism; and a high-temperature flue gas valve is arranged on the high-temperature flue gas conveying branch pipeline.

Further, a pyrolysis gas inlet is formed in the combustion furnace, a pyrolysis gas outlet is formed in the pyrolysis box, and the pyrolysis gas outlet is formed in the rear end of the pyrolysis box;

the pyrolysis gas conveying pipeline comprises a pyrolysis gas conveying main pipeline and a plurality of pyrolysis gas conveying branch pipelines connected in parallel with the pyrolysis gas conveying main pipeline, and the pyrolysis gas conveying main pipeline is connected with a pyrolysis gas inlet on the combustion furnace; each pyrolysis gas conveying branch pipeline is connected with a corresponding pyrolysis gas outlet;

the pyrolysis gas conveying branch pipeline is connected with the pyrolysis gas outlet through a quick connector, and a pyrolysis gas valve is arranged on the pyrolysis gas conveying branch pipeline.

Further, a hot flue gas outlet is arranged at the upper end of the serpentine channel; the hot flue gas conveying pipeline comprises a hot flue gas conveying main pipeline and a hot flue gas conveying branch pipeline which is connected to the hot flue gas conveying main pipeline in parallel;

the main hot flue gas conveying pipeline is connected with an air inlet of the drying furnace; each hot flue gas conveying branch pipeline is connected with a hot flue gas outlet of an independent pyrolysis mechanism.

Further, the independent pyrolysis mechanism further comprises a hydraulic forklift, the hydraulic forklift runs along a ground rail, and the ground rail extends into the heating cavity;

the two sides of the combustion furnace are communicated with each other and provided with an air distribution device.

A method for firing sequencing batch continuous cascade self-heating raw charcoal, which is applied to the sequencing batch continuous cascade self-heating raw charcoal firing equipment, comprising the following steps:

s1, feeding: put the neat sign indicating number of raw materials to the pyrolysis incasement, cover the pyrolysis case lid, use hydraulic fork truck to send into respectively corresponding independent pyrolysis mechanism's heating chamber with a plurality of fever, make pyrolysis case and heating chamber lateral wall closely laminate to connect pyrolysis gas outlet and pyrolysis gas pipeline of pyrolysis case rear end through the quick-connect.

S2, pyrolysis carbonization: the fuel oil burner is opened and ignited, so that the fuel oil is combusted in the combustion furnace, and the generated high-temperature smoke is distributed into the high-temperature smoke cavity of each independent pyrolysis mechanism through the high-temperature smoke conveying pipeline, so that the raw materials in the pyrolysis box are heated to be pyrolyzed;

pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis flows into a combustion furnace from a pyrolysis gas outlet through a pyrolysis gas conveying pipeline to participate in combustion heat supply; after the pyrolysis gas output is stable, the fuel oil burner is closed, and the pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis is used for burning and heating.

S3, discharging: when one of the independent pyrolysis mechanisms completes pyrolysis, a high-temperature flue gas valve connected with the independent pyrolysis mechanism is closed, and the transportation of high-temperature flue gas is stopped, so that heat dissipation can be reduced; taking out the pyrolyzed box after pyrolysis by a hydraulic forklift, and taking out finished raw charcoal after cooling; in the process, other independent pyrolysis mechanisms continue pyrolysis;

and (3) after taking out the finished raw charcoal, repeating the step (S1) and starting a new pyrolysis process, so that a cycle is formed, and sequencing batch feeding and discharging and continuous pyrolysis are realized.

Further, the method further comprises drying pretreatment, wherein before S1, raw materials with higher water content are aired in a well-ventilated environment, and then the aired raw materials are put into a drying room for drying treatment;

the heat source of the drying room is the waste heat generated by the combustion furnace after the high-temperature flue gas is supplied by the independent pyrolysis mechanism.

After the technical scheme is adopted, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. the invention can realize direct pyrolysis of large branches such as fruit tree pruning and the like, sequencing batch feeding and discharging, continuous production of raw charcoal and circular operation of a system.

2. The invention can also take the generated pyrolysis gas as the fuel to provide heat for pyrolysis of the raw material, and the target product is only raw charcoal, thereby improving the energy utilization rate, reducing the energy consumption and reducing the production cost.

3. The invention has simple sealing mode in the pyrolysis process and good sealing effect.

4. The invention belongs to the field of batch-type continuous production of raw charcoal by realizing large branches such as fruit tree pruning for the first time, is suitable for batch production, and makes up the current technical blank of the industry.

The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 1;

FIG. 2 is a right side view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a stand-alone pyrolysis mechanism;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 4;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a pyrolysis tank.

In the drawing the view of the figure,

the device comprises a 1-combustion furnace, a 2-high-temperature flue gas conveying pipeline, a 3-independent pyrolysis mechanism, a 31-heating chamber, a 32-pyrolysis box, a 33-heat preservation layer, a 34-high-temperature flue gas inlet, a 35-hot flue gas outlet, a 36-pyrolysis gas outlet, a 37-high-temperature flue gas valve, a 38-pyrolysis gas valve, a 39-heating cavity, a 310-ground track, a 311-first guide plate, a 312-second guide plate, a 313-pyrolysis box cover, 314-bolts, a 315-hydraulic forklift, a 4-pyrolysis gas conveying pipeline, a 5-hot flue gas conveying pipeline, a 6-drying furnace, a 7-fuel burner and an 8-air distribution device.

Detailed Description

For a clearer understanding of technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, a specific embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1-6 together, the embodiment provides a sequencing batch continuous step self-heating raw charcoal firing device, which comprises a combustion furnace 1, a drying furnace 6 and a plurality of independent pyrolysis mechanisms 3, wherein the combustion furnace 1 is connected with the plurality of independent pyrolysis mechanisms 3 through a high-temperature flue gas conveying pipeline 2, and the plurality of independent pyrolysis mechanisms 3 are arranged in parallel; the burner 1 provides energy for biomass pyrolysis in the separate pyrolysis unit 3. The independent pyrolysis mechanism 3 is connected with the combustion furnace 1 through a pyrolysis gas conveying pipeline 4, and pyrolysis gas generated by the independent pyrolysis mechanism 3 provides fuel for the combustion furnace 1.

The independent pyrolysis mechanism 3 is connected with the drying furnace 6 through the hot flue gas conveying pipeline 5, and after the high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion furnace 1 provides heat for biomass pyrolysis in the independent pyrolysis mechanism, the biomass pyrolysis enters the drying room 6 through the hot flue gas conveying pipeline 5, and waste heat is utilized to provide a heat source for drying pretreatment of materials.

The burner 1 is connected to a fuel burner 7, the fuel burner 7 providing fuel for the initial combustion of the burner.

The two sides of the combustion furnace 1 are communicated with each other and provided with air distribution devices 8, pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis can be directly introduced into the combustion furnace 1 for combustion, and tar in the pyrolysis gas is not cooled and is combusted as fuel due to short distance, so that heat of combustion is utilized for supplying heat to the independent pyrolysis mechanism.

Further, the independent pyrolysis mechanism 3 comprises a heating chamber 31 and a pyrolysis box 32, the heating chamber 31 is a square box body with an opening at the side, the inner cavity of the heating chamber 31 is a heating cavity 39, and the pyrolysis box 32 can be put into or taken out of the heating cavity 39; an insulating layer 33 is provided outside the heating chamber 31.

The heating chamber 39 is a wedge-shaped chamber, the cross-sectional width of which gradually decreases from top to bottom. The pyrolysis box 32 is a wedge-shaped body with an inner cavity, the wedge-shaped body is matched with the wedge-shaped cavity, and the section width of the wedge-shaped body is gradually reduced from top to bottom; the two opposite side parts of the wedge body and the wedge cavity are respectively provided with two symmetrical inclined planes, and the inclined angle of each inclined plane is 1 degree.

The inside of the side wall of the heating chamber 31 corresponding to the wedge-shaped surface of the heating cavity 39 is provided with a high-temperature flue gas channel, and the high-temperature flue gas channel is provided with a high-temperature flue gas inlet 34 and a hot flue gas outlet 35; the pyrolysis box 32 is provided with a pyrolysis gas outlet 36, and the pyrolysis gas outlet 36 is arranged at the rear end of the pyrolysis box 32.

In order to increase the residence time of the high-temperature flue gas in the high-temperature flue gas channel and improve the heat exchange efficiency, the Gao Wenyan air channel is a serpentine channel which is sequentially bent from bottom to top, and the serpentine channel is formed by a plurality of first guide plates 311 and a plurality of second guide plates 312 which are arranged in a staggered manner; the high-temperature flue gas inlet 34 is arranged at the lower end of the serpentine channel, and the hot flue gas outlet 35 is arranged at the upper end of the serpentine channel.

The independent pyrolysis mechanism 3 further comprises a hydraulic forklift 315, the hydraulic forklift 315 runs along a ground rail 310, and the ground rail 310 extends into the heating chamber 39. The hydraulic forklift 315 moves along the ground track 310, lifts up the pyrolysis box 32 and pushes into the heating cavity 39, then descends the hydraulic forklift 315, makes the pyrolysis box 32 rely on gravity to block in the heating cavity 39, through the cooperation of wedge and wedge cavity, keeps the lateral wall that pyrolysis box 32 has the inclined plane closely laminating with the lateral wall that heating chamber 31 was equipped with high temperature flue gas cavity way, high temperature flue gas lets in from the both sides of heating cavity 39, heats pyrolysis box 32 in the middle, is heated more evenly, high temperature flue gas cavity way sets up to serpentine passageway, increases the dwell time of high temperature flue gas in high temperature flue gas cavity way, improves heat exchange efficiency.

The combustion furnace 1 is provided with a high-temperature flue gas outlet and a pyrolysis gas inlet; the high-temperature flue gas conveying pipeline 2 comprises a high-temperature flue gas conveying main pipeline and a plurality of high-temperature flue gas conveying branch pipelines connected in parallel on the high-temperature flue gas conveying main pipeline, the high-temperature flue gas conveying main pipeline is connected with a high-temperature flue gas outlet of the combustion furnace 1, and each high-temperature flue gas conveying branch pipeline is connected with a high-temperature flue gas inlet 34 of an independent pyrolysis mechanism 3; the high-temperature flue gas conveying branch pipeline is provided with a high-temperature flue gas valve 37, the high-temperature flue gas valve 37 is an electric valve with an opening capable of being automatically adjusted, heat required by the independent pyrolysis mechanisms 3 can be controlled by the high-temperature flue gas valve 37, the heat required by each independent pyrolysis mechanism 3 can be adjusted according to the heat required by each independent pyrolysis mechanism 3, the opening of the high-temperature flue gas valve 37 is increased by new materials to increase heat supply, and the high-temperature flue gas valve 37 can be closed when the next box material is replaced, so that the heat flows to other independent pyrolysis mechanisms 3 which are required.

The pyrolysis gas conveying pipeline 4 comprises a pyrolysis gas conveying main pipeline and a plurality of pyrolysis gas conveying branch pipelines connected in parallel with the pyrolysis gas conveying main pipeline, the pyrolysis gas conveying main pipeline is connected with a pyrolysis gas inlet on the combustion furnace 1, each pyrolysis gas conveying branch pipeline is connected with a pyrolysis gas outlet 36 on the pyrolysis box 32, and the pyrolysis gas conveying branch pipelines are connected with the pyrolysis gas outlet 36 through quick-connection joints; the pyrolysis gas valve 38 is arranged on the pyrolysis gas conveying branch pipeline, so that the sequencing batch replacement of the pyrolysis box is facilitated.

The hot flue gas conveying pipeline 5 comprises a hot flue gas conveying main pipeline and a hot flue gas conveying branch pipeline which is connected in parallel to the hot flue gas conveying main pipeline, and the hot flue gas conveying main pipeline is connected with an air inlet of the drying furnace 6; each hot flue gas transport branch pipe is connected to a hot flue gas outlet 35 of an independent pyrolysis unit 3.

Further, the top of pyrolysis box 32 is equipped with detachable pyrolysis case lid 313, and pyrolysis case lid 313 passes through bolt 314 to be fixed in on the pyrolysis box 32, it is sealed through high temperature resistant sealing washer between pyrolysis case lid 313 and the pyrolysis box 32, seal structure is simple, and sealed effectual.

In order to ensure stable operation of the apparatus, the number of the independent pyrolysis units 3 is greater than three, preferably four in the present embodiment.

Example 2

This example provides a sequencing batch continuous cascade self-heating raw charcoal firing method applied to the sequencing batch continuous cascade self-heating raw charcoal firing equipment described in example 1, comprising the following steps:

s1, drying pretreatment

Airing raw materials with higher water content (large branches such as fruit tree pruning) in a well-ventilated environment, and then putting the aired raw materials into a drying room for drying.

When the device is used for initial drying, a heat source can be provided for a drying room by means of an external drying system, and after the pyrolysis of the device is stable, the heat source of the drying room is the waste heat generated by a combustion furnace after the high-temperature flue gas is supplied to an independent pyrolysis mechanism.

S2, feeding

Opening a pyrolysis box cover on the pyrolysis box, orderly stacking the pretreated fruit trees into the pyrolysis box, and covering the pyrolysis box cover; then send it into the heating chamber by hydraulic fork truck, later will hydraulic fork truck descend, the pyrolysis case can rely on gravity and the inseparable laminating of heating chamber lateral wall to connect pyrolysis gas outlet and pyrolysis gas pipeline of pyrolysis case rear end through the quick-connect, later will hydraulic fork truck pull out.

The heating chambers of each independent pyrolysis mechanism are sequentially placed into pyrolysis boxes filled with raw materials according to the steps.

S3, pyrolysis carbonization

The fuel oil burner is opened and ignited, so that fuel oil is combusted in the combustion furnace, generated high-temperature flue gas is distributed into a high-temperature flue gas cavity of each independent pyrolysis mechanism through a high-temperature flue gas conveying pipeline, raw materials in a pyrolysis box are heated for pyrolysis through heat transfer, pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis flows out of a pyrolysis gas outlet and flows into the combustion furnace through a pyrolysis gas conveying pipeline to participate in combustion heat supply, the fuel oil burner is closed after the pyrolysis gas is stable in output, and combustion heat supply is performed by means of pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis.

S4: discharging material

After pyrolysis of one of the independent pyrolysis mechanisms is completed, a high-temperature flue gas valve on a high-temperature flue gas conveying branch pipeline connected with the pyrolysis mechanism is closed, conveying of high-temperature flue gas is stopped, a pyrolysis box after pyrolysis is completed is taken out through a hydraulic forklift, and then finished raw charcoal is taken out after cooling. In the process, other independent pyrolysis mechanisms continue pyrolysis, pyrolysis gas is continuously generated for combustion by the combustion furnace, and generated smoke continuously supplies heat for other vertical pyrolysis mechanisms.

Taking out the pyrolysis box of the finished raw charcoal, repeating the feeding in the step 2, opening a high-temperature smoke valve corresponding to the independent pyrolysis mechanism, starting a new pyrolysis process, forming a cycle in this way, and realizing sequencing batch feeding and discharging and continuous pyrolysis.

The foregoing is illustrative of the best mode of carrying out the invention, and is not presented in any detail as is known to those of ordinary skill in the art. The protection scope of the invention is defined by the claims, and any equivalent transformation based on the technical teaching of the invention is also within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A sequencing batch continuous cascade self-heating raw charcoal firing device, comprising:

the combustion furnace (1), the combustion furnace (1) is connected with the fuel burner (7);

the device comprises a plurality of independent pyrolysis mechanisms (3), wherein the independent pyrolysis mechanisms (3) are arranged in parallel;

the drying furnace (6) is connected with the plurality of independent pyrolysis mechanisms (3) through a hot flue gas conveying pipeline (5), and the waste heat generated after the high-temperature flue gas participates in pyrolysis is utilized to provide heat for raw material drying;

a high-temperature flue gas conveying pipeline (2) and a pyrolysis gas conveying pipeline (4) are connected between the independent pyrolysis mechanism (3) and the combustion furnace (1), and the high-temperature flue gas conveying pipeline (2) conveys high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion furnace (1) into the independent pyrolysis mechanism (3); the pyrolysis gas conveying pipeline (4) conveys pyrolysis gas generated by the independent pyrolysis mechanism (3) to the combustion furnace (1).

2. A sequencing batch continuous cascade self-heating raw charcoal firing equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the independent pyrolysis mechanism (3) comprises a heating chamber (31) and a pyrolysis box (32), the heating chamber (31) is a square box body with an opening at the side, and an insulating layer (33) is arranged outside the heating chamber (31);

the heating chamber (31) is internally provided with a heating cavity (39), and the heating cavity (39) can be put in or taken out of the pyrolysis box (32).

3. A sequencing batch reactor cascade self-heating raw charcoal firing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the pyrolysis tank (32) is a wedge with an inner cavity; the section width of the wedge body is gradually reduced from top to bottom, two symmetrical inclined surfaces are arranged at two corresponding side parts of the wedge body, and the inclination angle of each inclined surface is 1 degree; the heating cavity (39) is a wedge-shaped cavity, and the wedge-shaped body is matched with the wedge-shaped cavity;

the high-temperature flue gas cavity channels are arranged in the two side walls of the heating chamber (31) corresponding to the inclined surface of the pyrolysis box (32), the Gao Wenyan air cavity channels are serpentine channels which are sequentially bent from bottom to top, and the serpentine channels are formed by a plurality of first guide plates (311) and a plurality of second guide plates (312) in a staggered mode.

4. A sequencing batch reactor cascade self-heating raw charcoal firing equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that a detachable pyrolysis box cover (313) is arranged at the top of the pyrolysis box (32), and the pyrolysis box cover (313) is fixed on the pyrolysis box (32) through bolts (314);

the pyrolysis box cover (313) and the pyrolysis box (32) are sealed through a high-temperature-resistant sealing ring.

5. A sequencing batch continuous cascade self-heating raw charcoal firing equipment as claimed in claim 3, wherein the combustion furnace (1) is provided with a high-temperature flue gas outlet, and the lower end of the serpentine channel is provided with a high-temperature flue gas inlet (34);

the high-temperature flue gas conveying pipeline (2) comprises a high-temperature flue gas conveying main pipeline and a plurality of high-temperature flue gas conveying branch pipelines connected in parallel on the high-temperature flue gas conveying main pipeline, the high-temperature flue gas conveying main pipeline is connected with a high-temperature flue gas outlet of the combustion furnace (1), and each high-temperature flue gas conveying branch pipeline is connected with a high-temperature flue gas inlet (34) of an independent pyrolysis mechanism (3); and a high-temperature flue gas valve (37) is arranged on the high-temperature flue gas conveying branch pipeline.

6. A sequencing batch reactor cascade self-heating raw charcoal firing equipment according to claim 2, wherein a pyrolysis gas inlet is arranged on the combustion furnace (1), a pyrolysis gas outlet (36) is arranged on the pyrolysis box (32), and the pyrolysis gas outlet (36) is arranged at the rear end of the pyrolysis box (32);

the pyrolysis gas conveying pipeline (4) comprises a pyrolysis gas conveying main pipeline and a plurality of pyrolysis gas conveying branch pipelines connected in parallel with the pyrolysis gas conveying main pipeline, and the pyrolysis gas conveying main pipeline is connected with a pyrolysis gas inlet on the combustion furnace (1); each pyrolysis gas conveying branch pipe is connected with a corresponding pyrolysis gas outlet (36);

the pyrolysis gas conveying branch pipeline is connected with the pyrolysis gas outlet (36) through a quick connector, and a pyrolysis gas valve (38) is arranged on the pyrolysis gas conveying branch pipeline.

7. A sequencing batch reactor cascade self-heating raw charcoal firing apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein said serpentine channel has a hot flue gas outlet (35) at its upper end; the hot flue gas conveying pipeline (5) comprises a hot flue gas conveying main pipeline and a hot flue gas conveying branch pipeline which is connected to the hot flue gas conveying main pipeline in parallel;

the main hot flue gas conveying pipeline is connected with an air inlet of the drying furnace (6); each hot flue gas conveying branch pipe is connected with a hot flue gas outlet (35) of an independent pyrolysis mechanism (3).

8. A sequencing batch reactor continuous cascade self-heating raw charcoal firing apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said independent pyrolysis mechanism (3) further comprises a hydraulic forklift (315), said hydraulic forklift (315) running along a ground track (310), said ground track (310) extending into said heating chamber (39);

the two sides of the combustion furnace (1) are communicated with each other and provided with an air distribution device (8).

9. A sequencing batch continuous cascade self-heating raw charcoal firing method, characterized in that the method is applied to the sequencing batch continuous cascade self-heating raw charcoal firing equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and the method comprises the following steps:

s1, feeding: orderly stacking the raw materials into a pyrolysis box, covering a pyrolysis box cover, respectively sending a plurality of antipyretic directions into heating cavities of corresponding independent pyrolysis mechanisms by using a hydraulic forklift, tightly attaching the pyrolysis box to the side walls of the heating cavities, and connecting a pyrolysis gas outlet at the rear end of the pyrolysis box with a pyrolysis gas conveying pipeline through a quick connector;

s2, pyrolysis carbonization: the fuel oil burner is opened and ignited, so that the fuel oil is combusted in the combustion furnace, and the generated high-temperature smoke is distributed into the high-temperature smoke cavity of each independent pyrolysis mechanism through the high-temperature smoke conveying pipeline, so that the raw materials in the pyrolysis box are heated to be pyrolyzed;

pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis flows into a combustion furnace from a pyrolysis gas outlet through a pyrolysis gas conveying pipeline to participate in combustion heat supply; after the pyrolysis gas output is stable, the fuel oil burner is closed, and the pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis is used for combustion and heat supply;

s3, discharging: when one of the independent pyrolysis mechanisms completes pyrolysis, a high-temperature flue gas valve connected with the independent pyrolysis mechanism is closed, the conveying of high-temperature flue gas is stopped, a pyrolysis box after pyrolysis is taken out by a hydraulic forklift, and then finished raw charcoal is taken out after cooling; in the process, other independent pyrolysis mechanisms continue pyrolysis;

and (3) after taking out the finished raw charcoal, repeating the step (S1) and starting a new pyrolysis process, so that a cycle is formed, and sequencing batch feeding and discharging and continuous pyrolysis are realized.

10. The sequencing batch reactor continuous cascade self-heating raw charcoal firing method of claim 9, further comprising a drying pretreatment: before S1, airing a raw material with higher water content in a well-ventilated environment, and then putting the aired raw material into a drying room for drying treatment;

the heat source of the drying room is the waste heat generated by the combustion furnace after the high-temperature flue gas is supplied by the independent pyrolysis mechanism.