CN117246536B - Gravity unloading system for multistage expandable light shield - Google Patents
Gravity unloading system for multistage expandable light shield Download PDFInfo
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- CN117246536B CN117246536B CN202311542223.6A CN202311542223A CN117246536B CN 117246536 B CN117246536 B CN 117246536B CN 202311542223 A CN202311542223 A CN 202311542223A CN 117246536 B CN117246536 B CN 117246536B
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- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005486 microgravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007430 reference method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64G—COSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
- B64G7/00—Simulating cosmonautic conditions, e.g. for conditioning crews
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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Abstract
The invention provides a gravity unloading system for a multi-stage expandable light shield, which is used for gravity unloading of an unloading object; the device comprises a supporting truss frame system, a gravity unloading subsystem and a force measuring subsystem; the support truss rack system comprises a truss structure and a plurality of mounting plates; the gravity unloading subsystem comprises a plurality of fixed pulley blocks, a lifting rope, a movable pulley, a counterweight system and a lifting ring; the counterweight system comprises a variable counterweight group and a fixed counterweight group; the hanging point of the unfolding mechanism is connected to the first end of the hanging rope, and the second end of the hanging rope bypasses the fixed pulley block to be connected with the fixed counterweight group; the hanging point of the shading film is connected to the first end of the hanging rope, and the second end of the hanging rope bypasses the fixed pulley block to be connected with the variable counterweight group; and a force measuring subsystem is arranged on the lifting rope between the lifting point and the fixed pulley block. The invention meets the variable gravity unloading requirement of space product ground expansion experiments represented by flexible shading film expansion, and has compact layout, simple structure and reliable performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aerospace gravity simulation, and particularly relates to a gravity unloading system for a multistage expandable light shield.
Background
The expandable light shield is represented by the flexible structure of the light shielding film, the horizontal expansion experiment cannot be carried out by adopting an air cushion lifting or hanging rope hanging method, the vertical expansion experiment can be carried out only according to the characteristic that the film is attached to the expansion mechanism, and the light shielding film is gradually expanded from a folding state to the expansion state during the expansion test, so that the expansion quality is continuously increased, and the film is required to be subjected to variable-mass unloading in the simulated space gravity environment experiment.
The air supporting equipment can adapt to the requirement of variable force unloading, has the characteristics of small friction resistance and rapid following, but can not realize the motion following of a large stroke in the vertical direction for a large-scale space expandable structure. The suspension force of the gravity unloading device with active control can be changed according to the requirement, but the volume and the weight of the device are relatively large, and the large-scale expandable light shield for unloading gravity at a plurality of suspension points often has layout interference and high cost. The non-active control suspension unloading method is mature in technology, usually is a fixed counterweight, can not accurately unload the film gravity in the whole unfolding process, and has larger gravity compensation deviation.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a gravity unloading system for a multi-stage expandable light-shielding cover, which is used for meeting the variable gravity unloading requirement of space product ground expansion experiments represented by flexible light-shielding film expansion, and has compact layout, simple structure and reliable performance.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a gravity unloading system for a multi-stage deployable hood for gravity unloading an unloading object; the device comprises a supporting truss frame system, a gravity unloading subsystem and a force measuring subsystem;
wherein the support truss rack system comprises a truss structure and a plurality of mounting plates; a mounting plate mounted to the top of the truss structure;
the gravity unloading subsystem comprises a plurality of fixed pulley blocks, a lifting rope, a movable pulley, a counterweight system and a lifting ring; the fixed pulley block and the hanging ring are mounted to the truss structure through mounting plates;
the counterweight system comprises a variable counterweight group and a fixed counterweight group; the unloading object comprises an unfolding mechanism and a shading film; the shading film is mounted to the unfolding mechanism;
the mechanism hanging point of the unfolding mechanism is connected to the first end of the hanging rope, and the second end of the hanging rope bypasses the fixed pulley block and is connected with the fixed counterweight group;
the film hanging point of the shading film is connected to the first end of the hanging rope, the second end of the hanging rope bypasses the fixed pulley block and is connected with the variable counterweight group, and the mechanism hanging point and the film hanging point are collectively called as a hanging point group;
and a force measuring subsystem is arranged on the lifting rope between the mechanism lifting point and the fixed pulley block and is arranged on the lifting rope between the film lifting point and the fixed pulley block.
Further, the force measuring subsystem comprises a force measuring sensor, a data acquisition transmitter, a data receiver and an upper computer.
Further, the fixed pulley block at least comprises two fixed pulleys, namely a first fixed pulley and a second fixed pulley; the first fixed pulley and the second fixed pulley are respectively installed to the truss structure through a mounting plate, and the lifting rope is connected with the counterweight system through the first fixed pulley and the second fixed pulley in sequence.
Further, the fixed assembly comprises a movable pulley, a balancing weight, a hanging ring and a connecting rope; the hanging ring and the second fixed pulley are connected to the same mounting plate;
the first end of the lifting rope is connected with a lifting point of the unfolding mechanism, the second end of the lifting rope sequentially bypasses the first fixed pulley, the second fixed pulley and the movable pulley to be connected with the lifting ring, and the balancing weight is connected with the movable pulley through the connecting rope.
Further, the variable counterweight group comprises a movable pulley, a counterweight block, a connecting rope, a hanging ring, a chain wheel, a chain and a protecting rope; the hanging ring and the chain wheel are connected with the second fixed pulley to the same mounting plate; the first end of the lifting rope is connected to the lifting point of the shading film,
the second end sequentially bypasses the first fixed pulley, the second fixed pulley and the movable pulley to be connected with the hanging ring, and the balancing weight is connected with the movable pulley through a connecting rope; the balancing weight is connected with the first end of the chain through another connecting rope, and the second end of the chain bypasses the chain wheel and is connected with the truss structure through the protecting rope.
Further, the total number of mechanism hanging points and film hanging points of each level of the light shield in the gravity unloading subsystem is at least 4; wherein the number of film suspension points for each level is at least 2.
Further, the variable unloading force of the shading film is based on the force balance condition, if the friction force of the pulley block and the chain wheel is not counted; the single film suspension point unloading force F1 is:
F1=M1•g+ρ1•W1•h•g=(M2+M3-ρ2•(△L-h))•g/2；
wherein M1 is the mass of a spreading mechanism for unloading a film hanging point, ρ1 is the surface density of a shading film below the spreading mechanism, W1 is the average width of the shading film, h is the spread height of the shading film, ρ2 is the linear density of a selected chain, M2 is the mass of a balancing weight, M3 is the mass of a movable pulley, deltaL is the length difference of chains at two sides of a chain wheel when a spreading experiment starts, and g is gravity acceleration;
the film hanging points are divided into independent hanging points and integrated hanging points; the independent hanging points are hanging points arranged on the shading film, and the integrated hanging points are hanging points arranged on the unfolding mechanism;
in the case of a single suspension point, the mass of M1 is 0,
then: f1 ρ1.w1.h.g= (m2+m3- ρ2. (Δl-h)). G/2;
under the condition of collecting hanging points: the mass of M1 is present in the composition,
then: f1 M1.g+ρ1.w1.h.g= (m2+m3- ρ2. (Δl-h)). G/2;
the fixed unloading force of the unfolding mechanism is that according to force balance conditions, if friction force of a pulley block and a chain wheel is not counted, unloading force F2 of a single mechanism lifting point is as follows:
F2=M4•g=(M5+M6）•g/2；
wherein M4 is the mass of the unfolding mechanism unloaded by the mechanism hanging point, M5 is the mass of the balancing weight, and M6 is the mass of the movable pulley.
Further, the chain wheel is used as a reference, and the length of the section of the chain connected with the protection rope is always longer than the length of the section connected with the counterweight; and baffles are arranged on two sides of the chain wheel.
Further, the force transducer and the data acquisition transmitter are connected in series in the lifting rope above the lifting point group, the tension value is acquired and transmitted in a wireless transmission mode, the upper computer displays and stores received data in real time, and the interference force of the self cable following the movement to the lifting rope when the wired sensor is used can be avoided.
Further, the balancing weight adopts the button link hook of taking the screw thread lock when being connected with connecting rope, can install fast and lock.
The gravity unloading system for the multi-stage deployable shade has the following advantages compared with the prior art:
(1) According to the gravity unloading system for the multistage expandable light shield, a tension active control device is not introduced, the chain density and the light shielding film density are matched and synchronously move, so that gravity compensation is synchronously increased along with the increase of gravity of the expansion part of the light shield in the ground expansion experiment process of the light shield, real-time gravity balance of the expandable light shield in the expansion process is realized, the unloading efficiency is high, the cost of ground micro-gravity experiment is reduced, and a beneficial reference method is provided for ground zero gravity unloading of the expandable light shield of the same type.
(2) According to the gravity unloading system for the multistage expandable light shield, provided by the invention, based on the moment balance condition that the combined moment of the suspension force of each stage of the light shield to the central sleeve of the light shield expansion mechanism is equal to the combined moment of the self-gravity of the light shield film to the central sleeve of the light shield expansion mechanism, the suspension force of each stage comprising a plurality of suspension points is optimally distributed, the additional moment to the light shield expansion mechanism in the experimental process is reduced, and the space microgravity experimental environment is better simulated.
(3) According to the gravity unloading system for the multistage expandable light shield, the suspension force value of each suspension point is monitored by the force transducer in a wireless transmission mode, the counterweight is adjusted according to the suspension force value so as to offset the friction force of the pulley block, meanwhile, the interference of a sensor cable in the moving process is avoided, and the unloading precision of ground microgravity simulation is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a gravity unloading system for a multi-stage deployable shade according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an unloading object according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a variable unloading force for unloading a light shielding film according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a fixed unloading force for unloading a deployment mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. a support truss subsystem; 11. a truss structure; 12. a mounting plate; 2. a gravity unloading subsystem; 21. a fixed pulley block; 211. a first fixed pulley; 212. a second fixed pulley; 22. a hanging rope; 23. a movable pulley; 24. a counterweight system; 241. a variable weight stack; 242. fixedly assembling and recombining; 243. balancing weight; 244. a hanging ring; 245. a connecting rope; 246. a sprocket; 247. a chain; 248. a protective rope; 251. film hanging points; 252. a mechanism hanging point; 3. a force measuring subsystem; 4. unloading the object; 41. a deployment mechanism; 42. a light shielding film.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first", "a second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific case.
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
A gravity unloading system for a multi-stage deployable hood, as shown in fig. 1-4, for gravity unloading of an unloading object 4; comprises a supporting truss frame system 1, a gravity unloading subsystem 2 and a force measuring subsystem 3;
wherein the support truss system 1 comprises a truss structure 11 and a plurality of mounting plates 12; mounting plate 12 is mounted to the top of truss structure 11;
the gravity unloading subsystem 2 comprises a plurality of fixed pulley blocks 21, a lifting rope 22, a movable pulley 23, a counterweight system 24 and a lifting ring 244; the fixed pulley block 21 and the hanging ring 244 are mounted to the truss structure 11 through the mounting plate 12;
the counterweight system 24 includes a variable counterweight group 241 and a fixed counterweight group 242 that generate a variable unloading force and a fixed unloading force, respectively; the unloading object 4 includes an expanding mechanism 41, a light shielding film 42; the light shielding film 42 is attached to the deployment mechanism 41;
the mechanism hanging point of the unfolding mechanism 41 is connected to the first end of the hanging rope 22, and the second end of the hanging rope 22 bypasses the fixed pulley block 21 and is connected with the fixed assembly group 242;
the film hanging point of the shading film is connected to the first end of the hanging rope 22, and the second end of the hanging rope 22 bypasses the fixed pulley block 21 and is connected with the variable counterweight group 241; the mechanism product points and the film hanging points are collectively called a hanging point group; so that the acting force of the counterweight can be transmitted to the unloading object 4 to achieve the purpose of gravity unloading.
And a force measuring subsystem 3 is arranged on the lifting rope 22 between the mechanism lifting point and the fixed pulley block 21 and on the lifting rope 22 between the film lifting point and the fixed pulley block 21.
Preferably, the force measuring subsystem 3 comprises a force measuring sensor, a data acquisition transmitter, a data receiver and an upper computer.
Preferably, the fixed pulley block 21 at least comprises two fixed pulleys, namely a first fixed pulley 211 and a second fixed pulley 212; the number of the fixed pulleys can be added according to the situation, so that the purpose of changing the direction of the lifting rope 22 is achieved; the first and second fixed pulleys 211, 212 are mounted to the truss structure 11 by a mounting plate 12, respectively, and the hoist ropes 22 are connected to the counterweight system 24 by the first and second fixed pulleys 211, 212, respectively.
Preferably, the fixed assembly 242 comprises a movable pulley 23, a balancing weight 243 and a connecting rope 245; the hanging ring 244 and the second fixed pulley 212 are connected to the same mounting plate 12;
the first end of the lifting rope 22 is connected with a mechanism lifting point 252 of the unfolding mechanism 41, the second end sequentially bypasses the first fixed pulley 211, the second fixed pulley 212 and the movable pulley 23 to be connected with the lifting ring 244, and the balancing weight 243 is connected with the movable pulley 23 through a connecting rope 245.
Preferably, the variable weight group 241 includes a movable sheave 23, a balancing weight 243, a connecting rope 245, a sprocket 246, a chain 247, and a protecting rope 248; the hanging ring 244 and the chain wheel 246 are connected with the second fixed pulley 212 to the same mounting plate 12; the first end of the hanging rope 22 is connected to the film hanging point 251 of the shading film 42, and the protecting rope 248 can prevent the chain 247 from falling from the chain wheel 246 due to self gravity;
the second end sequentially bypasses the first fixed pulley 211, the second fixed pulley 212 and the movable pulley 23 to be connected with a lifting ring 244, and the balancing weight 243 is connected with the movable pulley 23 through a connecting rope 245; the balancing weight 243 is also connected to a first end of a chain 247 by another connecting rope 245, and a second end of the chain 247 is connected to the truss structure 11 by a protecting rope 248 around the sprocket 246;
the movable pulley 23 can reduce the motion stroke of the balancing weight 243 by half compared with the fixed pulley, thereby saving the space layout size; and the movable pulley 23 and the fixed pulley block 21 are respectively provided with an anti-drop pin above the pulley groove, so that the lifting rope 22 can be prevented from dropping from the pulley groove side direction.
Preferably, in the gravity unloading subsystem 2, the total number of the mechanism hanging points 252 and the film hanging points 251 of each level of the light shield in the gravity unloading subsystem is at least 4; wherein the number of film hanging points 251 at each level is at least 2;
for example, as shown in FIG. 2, the level of the three-level shade is 3, wherein the first-level film hanging points are respectively marked as y1-1 and y1-2; the second-level film hanging points are respectively marked as y2-1 and y2-2; the third level film suspension points 252 are labeled y3-1, y3-2, respectively; the lifting point marks corresponding to the remaining variable weights and so on, as shown in fig. 2.
As shown in fig. 3, the variable unloading force principle is as follows: when the light shield is unfolded, the light shielding film 42 below the hanging point is pulled away along with the rising of the unfolding mechanism 41 to increase the mass, meanwhile, the balancing weight 243 descends along with the pulley 23 to drive the chain 247 to move so that the difference value between the lengths of the two sides of the chain wheel 246 is smaller, the tension force of the gravity of the chain 247 on the balancing weight 243 is linearly reduced along with the unfolding height, and therefore the unloading force transmitted to the unloading object 4 by the hanging rope 22 is gradually increased to realize variable unloading force;
preferably, the variable unloading force of the shade film 42, depending on the force balance conditions, is not calculated as the friction force of the pulley block and sprocket 246; the single film suspension point 251 unloading force F1 is:
F1=M1•g+ρ1•W1•h•g=(M2+M3-ρ2•(△L-h))•g/2；
wherein M1 is the mass of the unfolding mechanism 41 unloaded by the film hanging point 251, ρ1 is the surface density of the shading film 42 below the unfolding mechanism 41, W1 is the average width of the shading film 42, h is the unfolded height of the shading film 42, ρ2 is the linear density of the selected chain 247, M2 is the mass of the balancing weight 243, M3 is the mass of the movable pulley 23, ΔL is the length difference of the chains 247 at two sides of the chain wheel 246 at the beginning of unfolding experiment, and g is the gravity acceleration;
the film hanging points are divided into independent hanging points and integrated hanging points; the independent hanging points are hanging points arranged on the shading film, and the integrated hanging points are hanging points arranged on the unfolding mechanism; because the shading film 42 is fixed on the unfolding mechanism 41, when the shading film 42 and the unfolding mechanism 41 are arranged at the hanging point, the unfolding film at the hanging point can be hung up only by arranging the film hanging point on the unfolding mechanism; specific:
in the case of a single suspension point, the mass of M1 is 0,
then: f1 ρ1.w1.h.g= (m2+m3- ρ2. (Δl-h)). G/2;
under the condition of collecting hanging points: the mass of M1 is present in the composition,
then: f1 M1.g+ρ1.w1.h.g= (m2+m3- ρ2. (Δl-h)). G/2;
the fixed unloading force of the unfolding mechanism 41 is that, according to the force balance condition, if the friction force of the pulley block and the chain wheel 246 is not counted, the unloading force F2 of a single mechanism lifting point is as follows:
F2=M4•g=(M5+M6）•g/2；
where M4 is the mass of the deployment mechanism 41 unloaded at the mechanism suspension point, M5 is the mass of the counterweight 243, and M6 is the mass of the travelling block 23.
The force transducer and the data acquisition transmitter are connected in series in the lifting rope 22 above the lifting point group 25, the tension value is acquired and transmitted in a wireless transmission mode, the upper computer displays and stores the received data in real time, the interference force on the lifting rope 22 when the sensor cable moves along can be avoided, and the gravity compensation precision is improved.
Preferably, based on the sprocket 246, the length of the chain 247 connected to the protecting rope 248 is always longer than the length of the chain disconnected from the counterweight; baffles are provided on both sides of the sprocket 246.
Preferably, the force transducer and the data acquisition transmitter are connected in series in the lifting rope 22 above the lifting point, the tension value is acquired and transmitted in a wireless transmission mode, the upper computer displays and stores the received data in real time, and the interference force of the self cable following the movement to the lifting rope 22 when the wired transducer is used can be avoided.
Preferably, the balancing weight 243 is connected with the connecting rope 245 by a fastener hook with a threaded lock, so that the device can be quickly installed and locked.
In the embodiment, the unloading object 4 is a three-stage expandable light-shielding cover, and comprises a three-stage expansion mechanism 41 and a three-stage light-shielding film 42, and the gravity unloading subsystem 2 comprises 18 fixed pulley blocks 21 and corresponding lifting ropes 22, lifting point groups 25, movable pulleys 23, a counterweight system 24 and lifting rings 244; 6 sprockets 246; the number of the hanging point groups of the first, second and third-level light shields is 4, 6 and 8 respectively; 1. the number of film hanging points for connecting the second-level light shield and the third-level light shield with the variable counterweight is 2, 2 and 2 respectively, and the film hanging points are marked as y1-1, y1-2, y2-1, y2-2, y3-1 and y3-2 respectively; as shown in the figure 2 of the drawings,
y1-1 and y1-2 are suspension points of the variable counterweight film of the first-order shading film 42; y2-1 and y2-2 are the hanging points of the variable counterweight film of the secondary shading film 42; y3-1, y3-2 are the variable weighted film suspension points of the tertiary light shielding film 42.
A process for the operation of a gravity unloading system for a multi-stage deployable hood, comprising the steps of;
1. weighing; namely, mass data of each part of the light shield unfolding mechanism 41 and the light shield film 42 are obtained through metering equipment such as an electronic scale and the like;
2. calculating and analyzing; according to the force balance condition that the pulling force of each lifting point is equal to the gravity of the part during gravity unloading and the moment balance condition that the combined moment of the pulling force of each lifting point and the gravity of the part on the center of the unfolding mechanism 41 is approximately equal to zero, carrying weighing data, and calculating the suspension force values of X lifting points in a list;
3. preliminary weight; under the condition of considering the friction force of the pulley system, the friction force of the pulley system is measured, and the mass of the corresponding counterweight is primarily calculated and determined;
4. connect the deployable shade (unload object 4); the lifting rope 22 is fixedly connected with a lifting point, the balancing weight 243 is slowly suspended below the movable pulley 23, and then the chain 247 is connected with the balancing weight 243, and at the moment, the tension of the lifting point can be actually measured through a load cell;
5. finely adjusting the balance weight; comparing the data of the force sensor with the suspension force of the calculation list, accurately adjusting the suspension force by increasing or decreasing the weight of the counterweight so as to reach the requirement required by the test, and recording the counterweight value at the moment;
6. testing and checking; completing the reliability and safety content inspection of the gravity unloading system, and preparing an unfolding test;
7. performing a test; completing a ground zero gravity unfolding test of the unfolded light shield;
8. finishing the test; after the test is completed, after the light shield is reversely pressed, slowly removing the balancing weight 243 and the chain 247, and releasing the connection between the lifting rope 22 and the expandable light shield;
the unloading object 4 is sequentially three-level, two-level and one-level from top to bottom; the unfolding sequence is that the three stages firstly vertically upwards perform unfolding motion, the two stages secondly and the one stage finally; when the unloading object 4 is unfolded, the variable counterweight and the fixed counterweight perform passive following movement, and the generated variable unloading force is responsible for unloading the unfolding mechanism 41 and all the layers of shading films 42 right below the unfolding mechanism; the fixed unloading force generated by the device is responsible for unloading the gravity of the rest of the unfolding mechanism 41, so that all the lifting points can cover the gravity unloading requirement of the whole mass of the unloading object 4;
further, based on the precondition that the resultant force of the unloading forces of the lifting points of each stage of the shade is equal to the total gravity of the stage of the shade, the resultant moment of the unloading forces of the lifting points of each stage of the shade on the central axis of the shade unfolding mechanism 41 is approximately equal to the resultant moment of the self-gravity of the stage of the expandable shade on the central axis of the shade unfolding mechanism 41, the percentage of the unloading force of each lifting point to the total gravity of the unloading object 4 is calculated and distributed, the additional moment borne by the unfolding mechanism 41 is minimized, and the space zero gravity environment is better simulated.
The force measuring subsystem 3 of the present embodiment is a wireless force measuring subsystem for transmitting data, and the techniques of data acquisition, transmission, reception and storage are well known in the art, and are mainly used for protecting mechanical devices, and the wireless force measuring system and its circuit connection will not be explained in detail herein.
This embodiment is representative of a three-stage deployable hood for illustration of a gravity unloading system. The technical principle of the gravity unloading system of the expandable shade of other stages is the same as that of the gravity unloading system of the expandable shade, and the difference is that the number of unloading hanging points is increased or decreased according to the number of the stages of the shade.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A gravity unloading system for a multi-stage deployable hood for gravity unloading of an unloading object (4); the method is characterized in that: comprises a supporting truss frame system (1), a gravity unloading subsystem (2) and a force measuring subsystem (3);
wherein the support truss rack system (1) comprises a truss structure (11) and a plurality of mounting plates (12); a mounting plate (12) mounted to the top of the truss structure (11);
the gravity unloading subsystem (2) comprises a plurality of fixed pulley blocks (21), a lifting rope (22), a movable pulley (23), a counterweight system (24) and a lifting ring (244); the fixed pulley block (21) and the hanging ring (244) are mounted to the truss structure (11) through the mounting plate (12);
the counterweight system (24) includes a variable counterweight group (241) and a fixed counterweight group (242); the unloading object (4) comprises an unfolding mechanism (41) and a shading film (42); the light shielding film (42) is mounted to the deployment mechanism (41);
the mechanism hanging point (252) of the unfolding mechanism (41) is connected to the first end of the hanging rope (22), and the second end of the hanging rope (22) bypasses the fixed pulley block (21) and is connected with the fixed matching unit (242);
the film hanging point (251) of the shading film (42) is connected to the first end of the hanging rope (22), and the second end of the hanging rope (22) bypasses the fixed pulley block (21) to be connected with the variable counterweight group (241); the mechanism hanging points (252) and the film hanging points (251) are collectively called a hanging point group;
and a force measuring subsystem (3) is arranged on the lifting rope (22) between the mechanism lifting point (252) and the fixed pulley block (21) and on the lifting rope (22) between the film lifting point (251) and the fixed pulley block (21).
2. A gravity unloading system for a multi-stage deployable shade as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the force measuring subsystem (3) comprises a force measuring sensor, a data acquisition transmitter, a data receiver and an upper computer.
3. A gravity unloading system for a multi-stage deployable shade as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fixed pulley block (21) at least comprises two fixed pulleys, namely a first fixed pulley (211) and a second fixed pulley (212); the first fixed pulley (211) and the second fixed pulley (212) are respectively arranged on the truss structure (11) through a mounting plate (12), and the lifting rope (22) is connected with the counterweight system (24) through the first fixed pulley (211) and the second fixed pulley (212) in sequence.
4. A gravity unloading system for a multi-stage deployable shade as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the fixed matching unit (242) comprises a movable pulley (23), a balancing weight (243) and a connecting rope (245); the hanging ring (244) and the second fixed pulley (212) are connected to the same mounting plate (12);
the first end of the lifting rope (22) is connected with a mechanism lifting point (252) of the unfolding mechanism (41), the second end of the lifting rope sequentially bypasses the first fixed pulley (211), the second fixed pulley (212) and the movable pulley (23) to be connected with the lifting ring (244), and the balancing weight (243) is connected with the movable pulley (23) through the connecting rope (245).
5. A gravity unloading system for a multi-stage deployable shade as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the variable counterweight group (241) comprises a movable pulley (23), a counterweight (243), a connecting rope (245), a chain wheel (246), a chain (247) and a protecting rope (248); the hanging ring (244) and the chain wheel (246) are connected with the second fixed pulley (212) to the same mounting plate (12);
the first end of the lifting rope (22) is connected to a film lifting point (251) of the shading film (42), the second end sequentially bypasses the first fixed pulley (211), the second fixed pulley (212) and the movable pulley (23) to be connected with the lifting ring (244), and the balancing weight (243) is connected with the movable pulley (23) through a connecting rope (245); the balancing weight (243) is also connected with a first end of a chain (247) through another connecting rope (245), and a second end of the chain (247) bypasses the chain wheel (246) and is connected with the truss structure (11) through a protecting rope (248).
6. A gravity unloading system for a multi-stage deployable shade as defined in claim 5, wherein: the total number of mechanism hanging points (252) and film hanging points (251) of each level of the light shield in the gravity unloading subsystem (2) is at least 4; wherein the number of film hanging points (251) of each level is at least 2.
7. A gravity unloading system for a multi-stage deployable shade as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the variable unloading force of the shading film is based on the force balance condition, if the friction force of the pulley block and the chain wheel (246) is not counted; the single film hanging point (251) unloading force F1 is:
F1=M1•g+ρ1•W1•h•g=(M2+M3-ρ2•(△L-h))•g/2；
wherein M1 is the mass of a spreading mechanism (41) unloaded by a film hanging point (251), ρ1 is the surface density of a shading film (42) below the spreading mechanism (41), W1 is the average width of the shading film (42), h is the spread height of the shading film (42), ρ2 is the linear density of a selected chain (247), M2 is the mass of a balancing weight (243), M3 is the mass of a movable pulley (23), deltaL is the length difference of the chains (247) at two sides of a chain wheel (246) at the beginning of a spreading experiment, and g is gravity acceleration;
wherein the film hanging points (251) are divided into independent hanging points and integrated hanging points; the independent hanging points are hanging points arranged on the shading film, and the integrated hanging points are hanging points arranged on the unfolding mechanism;
in the case of a single suspension point, the mass of M1 is 0,
then: f1 ρ1.w1.h.g= (m2+m3- ρ2. (Δl-h)). G/2;
under the condition of collecting hanging points: the mass of M1 is present in the composition,
then: f1 M1.g+ρ1.w1.h.g= (m2+m3- ρ2. (Δl-h)). G/2;
the fixed unloading force of the unfolding mechanism (41) is that according to the force balance condition, if the friction force of the pulley block and the chain wheel (246) is not counted, the unloading force F2 of a single mechanism lifting point (252) is as follows:
F2=M4•g=(M5+M6）•g/2；
wherein M4 is the mass of the unfolding mechanism (41) unloaded by the mechanism lifting point (252), M5 is the mass of the balancing weight (243), and M6 is the mass of the movable pulley (23).
8. A gravity unloading system for a multi-stage deployable shade as defined in claim 5, wherein: the length of the chain (247) connected with the protective rope (248) is always longer than the length of the chain connected with the counterweight by taking the chain wheel (246) as a reference; baffles are arranged on two sides of the chain wheel (246).
9. A gravity unloading system for a multi-stage deployable shade as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the force transducer and the data acquisition transmitter are connected in series in the lifting rope (22) above the lifting point group, the tension value is acquired and transmitted in a wireless transmission mode, the upper computer displays and stores received data in real time, and the interference force of the self cable following motion to the lifting rope (22) when the wired transducer is used can be avoided.
10. A gravity unloading system for a multi-stage deployable shade as defined in claim 5, wherein: the balancing weight (243) adopts the button link of taking the screw lock to hang when being connected with connecting rope (245), can install fast and lock.
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