CN117245158A - Electrode and electric spark machining equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an electrode and electric spark machining equipment, wherein the electrode comprises a first conductive layer, a dielectric layer and a second conductive layer; the first conductive layer is used for electrically connecting a power supply; the dielectric layer is made of dielectric material; the second conductive layer comprises a plurality of conductive units which are arranged at intervals and are used for releasing electric energy; the dielectric layer is positioned between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer, the first conductive layer is provided with a first wall surface facing the second conductive layer, and the orthographic projection area of the wall surface of each conductive unit facing the first conductive layer on the first wall surface is smaller than the area of the first wall surface. The electrode of the invention uniformly supplies power in an electrostatic induction mode by dividing the electrode, can reduce the complexity of the wire arrangement of an electric processing system while realizing parallel discharge, can reduce the interelectrode parasitic capacitance of the electrode, and is convenient for realizing high-precision and high-efficiency processing.

Description

Electrode and electric spark machining equipment

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of electric machining, in particular to an electrode.

Background

The electric spark discharge machining is a common machining method and is widely applied to precision machining of conductive or semiconductive materials such as metals and semiconductors. Since the energy stored in the interelectrode capacitance is released to the interelectrode gap during discharge, the large interelectrode capacitance generated during large-area discharge machining increases the discharge energy of finish machining, making it difficult to obtain a desired machined surface quality.

In the related art, in order to reduce the influence of interelectrode capacitance on machining, a method of dividing electrodes can be adopted, parallel discharge is generated while discharge energy is divided, a certain improvement of machining surface quality is achieved, and a corresponding parallel discharge loop is provided based on the method of dividing electrodes, so that good effects are achieved on improving efficiency and accuracy of large-area machining or array structure machining. At present, one method for realizing parallel discharge by dividing electrodes needs to connect each electrode unit with a power supply by using leads respectively, but the method increases the complexity of a system and reduces the engineering practicability of the method, which is not beneficial to a large number of parallel discharges. Another approach is to use a high resistivity material as the electrode. However, this method is limited to use in large-area electric discharge machining, and the improvement effect of the workability is relatively small.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide an electrode and electric spark machining equipment, wherein the electrode is used for uniformly supplying power in an electrostatic induction mode by dividing the electrode, so that the parallel discharge can be realized, the complexity of a wire arrangement of an electric machining system can be reduced, the interelectrode parasitic capacitance of the electrode can be reduced, and the machining with high precision and high efficiency can be realized conveniently.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

an electrode for electrical processing, the electrode comprising a first conductive layer, a dielectric layer and a second conductive layer;

the first conductive layer is used for electrically connecting a power supply;

the dielectric layer is made of dielectric material;

the second conductive layer comprises a plurality of conductive units which are arranged at intervals and are used for releasing electric energy;

the dielectric layer is positioned between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer, the first conductive layer is provided with a first wall surface facing the second conductive layer, and the orthographic projection area of the wall surface of each conductive unit facing the first conductive layer on the first wall surface is smaller than the area of the first wall surface.

In some embodiments, the first conductive layer, the dielectric layer, and each conductive element can collectively define a plurality of capacitors, each for storing and transferring electrical energy.

In some embodiments, the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer are disposed opposite each other along a first direction along which a minimum distance between each conductive element and the first conductive layer is equal.

In some embodiments, the first wall surface is disposed opposite the dielectric layer along a first direction, and a projection of the dielectric layer on the first wall surface covers the first wall surface along the first direction.

In some embodiments, the second conductive layer has a second wall facing the dielectric layer, the second wall being disposed opposite the dielectric layer along a second direction, and a projection of the dielectric layer on the second wall along the second direction covering the second wall.

In some embodiments, the first wall is curved; and/or, the wall surface of each conductive unit facing the first conductive layer is a curved surface; and/or, the wall surface of each conductive unit, which faces away from the first conductive layer, is a curved surface.

In some embodiments, the second conductive layer has a second wall facing the dielectric layer, and the spacing between the conductive elements is the same along a direction parallel to the second wall.

In some embodiments, one end of the dielectric layer contacts the first conductive layer and the opposite end contacts the second conductive layer.

In some embodiments, the electrode is configured such that the plurality of conductive elements are capable of releasing electrical energy simultaneously after the first conductive layer has harvested energy provided by the power source.

An embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention also provides an electric discharge machining apparatus including the electrode of any one of the embodiments described above and a power supply; the power supply is electrically connected with the first conductive layer.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

in the technical scheme of the invention, the first conductive layer is used for electrically connecting with a power supply; the dielectric layer is made of dielectric material; the second conductive layer is used for releasing electric energy and comprises a plurality of conductive units which are arranged at intervals; the dielectric layer is positioned between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer, the first conductive layer is provided with a first wall surface facing the second conductive layer, and the orthographic projection area of the wall surface of each conductive unit facing the first conductive layer on the first wall surface is smaller than the area of the first wall surface. Since the electrode has a structure of a first conductive layer-a dielectric layer-a second conductive layer inside, and the second conductive layer includes a plurality of conductive units, a plurality of parallel capacitors can be constructed. These parallel capacitors are respectively coupled with interelectrode capacitors to construct a parallel discharge loop topology structure based on capacitive coupling, thereby realizing parallel discharge. Referring to fig. 8, compared with the parallel discharge electrodes in the prior art, in which each divided electrode is connected to a power supply through a separate wire, since the electrode of the present invention divides the conductive layer on the discharge side and is powered by capacitive coupling electrostatic induction, a plurality of parallel discharges can be realized by connecting the capacitive electrode and the workpiece to the discharge power supply through only one set of wires, without connecting the wires to the power supply for each electrode unit. The electrode effectively disperses discharge energy by dividing the electrode to discharge in parallel, thereby reducing parasitic capacitance between electrodes and the influence of the capacitance between electrodes on processing, and being beneficial to precision processing of workpieces and improvement of processing surface quality; on the other hand, the electrode segmentation mode can effectively reduce the arrangement of wires, reduce the complexity of the wire arrangement of an electric processing system, and easily realize higher number of parallel discharge and increase the discharge frequency, thereby being beneficial to reducing the arrangement difficulty of the electrodes and improving the discharge efficiency. Therefore, the electrode of the invention uniformly supplies power in an electrostatic induction mode by dividing the electrode, can reduce the complexity of the wire arrangement of an electric machining system while realizing parallel discharge, can reduce the interelectrode parasitic capacitance of the electrode, and is convenient for realizing high-precision and high-efficiency machining.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the structures shown in these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of an electrode provided in a first embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of an electrode according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an exploded view of an electrode provided in a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an exploded view of an electrode according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an exploded view of an electrode according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an exploded view of an electrode according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is an exploded view of an electrode according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the electrode, the power source and the workpiece combined according to the first embodiment of the invention.

Reference numerals illustrate:

100-electrode;

110-a first conductive layer; 111-a first wall;

120-dielectric layer;

130-a second conductive layer; 131-a conductive unit; 132-a second wall;

200-power supply;

300-workpiece;

x1-a first direction;

x2-second direction.

The achievement of the objects, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in conjunction with the embodiments.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

It should be noted that, if a directional indication (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) is included in the embodiment of the present invention, the directional indication is merely used to explain a relative positional relationship, a movement condition, and the like between the components in a specific posture, and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indication is correspondingly changed.

In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, if "and/or", "and/or" and/or "are used throughout, the meaning includes three parallel schemes, for example," a and/or B ", including a scheme, or B scheme, or a scheme where a and B meet simultaneously. In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to base that the technical solutions can be realized by those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered to be absent and not within the scope of protection claimed in the present invention.

In the related art, in order to reduce the influence of interelectrode capacitance on machining, a method of dividing electrodes can be adopted, parallel discharge is generated while discharge energy is divided, a certain improvement of machining surface quality is achieved, and a corresponding parallel discharge loop is provided based on the method of dividing electrodes, so that good effects are achieved on improving efficiency and accuracy of large-area machining or array structure machining. At present, one method for realizing parallel discharge by dividing electrodes needs to connect each electrode unit with a power supply by using leads respectively, but the method increases the complexity of a system and reduces the engineering practicability of the method, which is not beneficial to a large number of parallel discharges. Another approach is to use a high resistivity material as the electrode. However, this method is limited to use in large-area electric discharge machining, and the improvement effect of the workability is relatively small.

In view of this, and referring to fig. 1-8, an electrode 100 is provided in an embodiment of the present invention for use in electrical machining. For the application of the electrode 100, in some embodiments, the electrode 100 may be used for electric discharge machining of the workpiece 300, and the workpiece 300 is machined by the pulsed electric discharge erosion between the electrode 100 connected to one end of the power source 200 and the workpiece connected to the other end of the power source 200. The electrolytic etching is characterized in that an intermittent discharge phenomenon is generated between the electrode 100 and the workpiece 300, and the workpiece 300 is broken down by the discharge at a desired position through a large amount of discharge, and spark discharge occurs, so that the surface of the workpiece 300 is locally melted, evaporated, corroded or dissolved, and a desired shape is manufactured. Therefore, the energy density of the electric discharge with the pulse discharge is high; the pulse discharge duration is short; contacting with a workpiece to be processed; simple processing technique and the like.

The electrode 100 includes a first conductive layer 110, a dielectric layer 120, and a second conductive layer 130.

Referring to fig. 1-2, the first conductive layer 110 is used to electrically connect to a power source 200. It will be appreciated that the first conductive layer 110 is used to draw power from the power source 200.

The dielectric layer 120 is made of a dielectric material. It will be appreciated that due to the nature of the dielectric material, the dielectric layer 120 is capable of generating polarization under the action of an electric field, causing corresponding positive and negative charges to form a dielectric therein. The dielectric layer 120 can be used for isolating and acting as a medium for storing electric energy, and can store electric charges under the action of an electric field, and can generate polarization phenomenon along with the operation of the capacitor, so that a reverse potential difference is formed between the capacitor and the electric field, and the energy storage effect is achieved.

Referring to fig. 1-2, the second conductive layer 130 includes a plurality of conductive units 131. The plurality of conductive units 131 are arranged at intervals. It is understood that the second conductive layer 130 includes a plurality of electrode 100 units, and the plurality of electrode 100 units are divided from each other, thereby achieving an inter-electrode capacitance division effect. Specifically, the electrode 100 has a structure of a first conductive layer 110-a dielectric layer 120-a second conductive layer 130 inside, and the second conductive layer 130 includes a plurality of conductive units 131, thereby enabling to construct a plurality of parallel capacitors. These parallel capacitors are respectively coupled with interelectrode capacitors to construct a parallel discharge loop topology structure based on capacitive coupling, thereby realizing parallel discharge. Based on the above arrangement of the electrode 100 division, the discharge electrode 100 is divided, so that the large inter-electrode capacitance originally provided between the power supply 200 and the electrode 100 is divided into a plurality of parallel capacitances at the electrode 100, and each divided capacitance is smaller than the inter-electrode capacitance before division. It should be noted that, in some embodiments, the parallel capacitors formed after being divided may be equivalent capacitors or non-equivalent capacitors according to different arrangements of the electrodes 100. In addition, in different embodiments, the second conductive layer 130 may be defined only by the plurality of conductive units 131 arranged at intervals, or may be defined by a combination of the plurality of conductive units 131 and a base layer board connected to the conductive units 131.

According to the arrangement of the second conductive layer 130, the plurality of conductive units 131 are each configured to release electrical energy. It is understood that each conductive unit 131 is capable of discharging the electric energy stored in the electrode 100. Specifically, in some embodiments, the second conductive layer 130 may be close to the workpiece 300 to be processed during processing, and a higher voltage may be applied between the electrode 100 and the workpiece 300 before discharging, when the two electrodes 100 are close, after the dielectric is broken down, spark discharge occurs immediately, and at the same time, the workpiece 300 can be electrically processed by utilizing the electrolytic corrosion phenomenon.

According to the above arrangement of the first conductive layer 110, the dielectric layer 120, and the second conductive layer 130, it is understood that the three may together define a capacitive structure, so that the electrode 100 of the present invention may be used as the capacitive electrode 100 and have a capacitive characteristic. The first conductive layer 110 and the second conductive layer 130 can be respectively regarded as two opposite plates of the capacitor, and the dielectric layer 120 can be regarded as an insulating layer between the two plates. And the dielectric layer 120 may be used to isolate the two plates (the first conductive layer 110 and the second conductive layer 130) and reduce conduction of electrical energy. As can be seen from the above description, the electrode 100 of the present invention has a capacitive characteristic, and thus the first conductive layer 110 and the second conductive layer 130 may be made of a conductive material, which may be exemplified by a metal, and may be specifically an aluminum alloy, a galvanized iron plate, a copper plate, or the like. The dielectric material may be one of a solid material, a liquid material, and a gaseous material according to different processing requirements. The dielectric material may have a high dielectric constant and a low dielectric loss to achieve a good capacitive effect, and the material of the dielectric layer 120 may be, for example, one of ceramic, polyethylene, and polypropylene. It should be noted that, in the electrode 100 of the present invention, the materials of the first conductive layer 110, the dielectric layer 120 and the second conductive layer 130 may be selected according to the actual discharge requirement and the discharge condition of the electrode 100, and the materials corresponding to the different materials may have different characteristics, which is not limited herein.

By reasonably designing the sizes and shapes of the first conductive layer 110, the dielectric material, and the second conductive layer 130, and the number and the division form of the plurality of conductive units 131, parallel electric discharge machining with corresponding numbers can be generated, and the machining requirements of the corresponding workpieces 300 can be met. For example, depending on the processing requirements, referring to fig. 3-4, in some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the first conductive layer 110, or the dielectric material, or the second conductive layer 130, in a direction parallel to the first wall 111 may be one of rectangular, circular, elliptical, and other polygonal shapes. In order to achieve better capacitance and discharge effect of the electrode 100, in some embodiments, the cross-sectional shapes of the first conductive layer 110, the dielectric material, or the second conductive layer 130 may be the same along a direction parallel to the first wall 111, and the cross-sectional edges of the three may be aligned.

Furthermore, the second conductive layer 130 may have different cross-sectional shapes and different arrangements in different embodiments, depending on different processing requirements, see fig. 3-6. In particular, referring to fig. 3-4, in some embodiments, the plurality of conductive units 131 may have a plurality of uniformly distributed rectangular structures, referring to fig. 5, in some embodiments, the plurality of conductive units 131 may have a plurality of nested circular structures, referring to fig. 6, and in some embodiments, the plurality of conductive units 131 may have a sector structure distributed along the circumference of the second conductive layer 130. Further, to meet the diversified processing requirements, the second conductive layer 130 may be further divided into different conductive regions, and different conductive regions have different structures or distribution patterns of the conductive units 131.

Referring to fig. 1-6, an electrode 100 according to the present invention may have capacitive characteristics, and a dielectric layer 120 is disposed between the first conductive layer 110 and the second conductive layer for dielectric action within the capacitor. The first conductive layer 110 has a first wall 111 facing the second conductive layer 130. It will be appreciated that the first wall 111 is located on the side of the first conductive layer 110 adjacent to the second conductive layer 130, and that when the electrode 100 is energized, the power source 200 is connected to the first conductive layer 110 so that charge may be present around the first wall 111, such that the charge is able to form a transfer of electrical energy within the electrode 100. The area of orthographic projection of the wall surface of each conductive unit 131 facing the first conductive layer 110 on the first wall surface 111 is smaller than the area of the first wall surface 111. It is understood that the wall surface of each conductive unit 131 facing the first conductive layer 110 can be used as a plate wall surface for receiving charges, and the wall surface and the first wall surface 111 together define a corresponding opposite wall surface area of the capacitive electrode 100. Therefore, the area of the orthographic projection of the wall surface of each conductive unit 131 facing the first conductive layer 110 on the first wall surface 111 corresponds to the area of each conductive unit 131 facing the first wall surface 111, which is smaller than the area of the first wall surface 111 indicates: the capacitance between the opposing first wall surface 111 and the second conductive layer 130 is divided into a plurality of capacitances due to the presence of the plurality of conductive units 131, and the capacitance of each of the plurality of capacitances formed by division is smaller than the undivided inter-electrode capacitance due to the fact that the facing area of each of the conductive units 131 is smaller than the area of the first wall surface 111.

Further, referring to fig. 7, in some embodiments, the area of the orthographic projection of the wall surface of the second conductive layer 130 facing the first conductive layer 110 on the first wall surface 111 is smaller than the area of the first wall surface 111. It will be appreciated that in the present embodiment, the projected area of the entire second conductive layer 130 is smaller than the area of the first wall 111, so that the reduction of the facing area of the second conductive layer 130 relative to the first conductive layer 110 can further reduce the inter-electrode capacitance.

According to a combination of the above embodiments, it can be seen that the first conductive layer 110 is used for electrically connecting to the power supply 200; the dielectric layer 120 is made of a dielectric material; the second conductive layer 130 is configured to release electrical energy, where the second conductive layer 130 includes a plurality of conductive units 131, and the plurality of conductive units 131 are arranged at intervals; the dielectric layer 120 is located between the first conductive layer 110 and the second conductive layer, the first conductive layer 110 has a first wall 111 facing the second conductive layer 130, and an area of orthographic projection of each conductive unit 131 facing the wall of the first conductive layer 110 on the first wall 111 is smaller than an area of the first wall 111. Since the electrode 100 has a structure of the first conductive layer 110-the dielectric layer 120-the second conductive layer 130 inside, and the second conductive layer 130 includes a plurality of conductive units 131, a plurality of parallel capacitors can be constructed. These parallel capacitors are respectively coupled with interelectrode capacitors to construct a parallel discharge loop topology structure based on capacitive coupling, thereby realizing parallel discharge. Referring to fig. 8, compared with the parallel discharge electrodes 100 in the prior art, in which each divided electrode 100 is connected to the power supply 200 through a separate wire, since the electrode 100 of the present invention divides the conductive layer on the discharge side and is powered by capacitive coupling electrostatic induction, a plurality of parallel discharges can be realized by connecting the capacitive electrode 100 and the workpiece 300 to the discharge power supply 200 through only one set of wires, without connecting each electrode 100 unit with the wire to the power supply 200. The electrode 100 of the invention effectively disperses discharge energy by dividing the electrode 100 and discharging in parallel, thereby reducing parasitic capacitance between electrodes and the influence of the capacitance between electrodes on processing, and being beneficial to precision processing of the workpiece 300 and improvement of processing surface quality; on the other hand, the electrode 100 dividing mode of the invention can effectively reduce the arrangement of wires, reduce the complexity of the wire arrangement of an electric machining system, and easily realize higher number of parallel discharge and increase the discharge frequency, thereby being beneficial to reducing the arrangement difficulty of the electrode 100 and improving the discharge efficiency. Therefore, the electrode 100 of the present invention is capable of reducing the complexity of the flat cable of the electric machining system while achieving parallel discharge, reducing the parasitic capacitance between electrodes, and facilitating high-precision and high-efficiency machining by dividing the electrodes and uniformly supplying power in an electrostatic induction manner.

In order to enable the electrode 100 to have an equivalent uniform discharge effect after the second conductive layer 130 is divided, each conductive unit 131 has a good quality of the processed surface. Referring to fig. 4, in some embodiments, the first conductive layer 110, the dielectric layer 120, and each conductive element 131 can collectively define a plurality of capacitors, each for storing and transferring electrical energy. . As can be seen from the above description of the embodiments, the first conductive layer 110 and the second conductive layer 130 can be regarded as opposite plates on two sides of the capacitor, and the dielectric layer 120 can be regarded as an insulating layer between the plates.

According to different processing requirements. In some embodiments, the plurality of capacitors formed by the first conductive layer 110-dielectric layer 120-plurality of conductive units 131 may have the same capacitance, so that the plurality of capacitors described above can be regarded as equivalent parallel capacitances, or the plurality of capacitors may be aligned in parallel so that the plurality of capacitors can be uniformly arranged. In other embodiments, the plurality of capacitors may have different capacitances or have different arrangements, corresponding to different discharge requirements of the capacitors.

Further, to enable the plurality of conductive elements 131 of the second conductive layer 130 to define a plurality of equivalent capacitances. Referring to fig. 2, in some embodiments, the first conductive layer 110 is disposed opposite the second conductive layer 130 along the first direction X1. The minimum distance between each conductive unit 131 and the first conductive layer 110 may be equal along the first direction X1. It will be appreciated that in the present embodiment, the minimum distance between each conductive element 131 and the first conductive layer 110 corresponds to the distance between the two plates of each corresponding capacitor, which is inversely related to the capacitance of the capacitor. Based on this setting, and controlling other factors affecting the capacitance, the capacitance of the plurality of capacitors that the plurality of conductive elements 131 can define may be made equal or substantially equal. It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the minimum distance between each conductive unit 131 and the first conductive layer 110 may be zero.

In order for the dielectric layer 120 to perform a good dielectric function in the electrode 100, referring to fig. 2-7, in some embodiments, the first wall 111 is disposed opposite to the dielectric layer 120 along the first direction X1, and along the first direction X1, a projection of the dielectric layer 120 on the first wall 111 may cover the first wall 111. It can be understood that, in the present embodiment, the first direction X1 is the direction in which the first wall surface 111 faces the dielectric layer 120, and the projection of the dielectric layer 120 on the first wall surface 111 along the first direction X1 corresponds to the facing area of the dielectric layer 120 relative to the first wall surface 111, and the projection covers the first wall surface 111 to indicate that the dielectric layer 120 covers the effective charge transfer range from the first conductive layer 110 to the dielectric layer 120, so that a uniform and good charge transfer effect can be achieved.

Similar to the embodiments described above, the dielectric layer 120 serves a good dielectric function in the electrode 100. Referring to fig. 2-7, in some embodiments, the second conductive layer 130 may have a second wall 132 facing the dielectric layer 120, the second wall 132 being disposed opposite the dielectric layer 120 along the second direction X2. It will be appreciated that, similar to the first wall 111, the second wall 132 is located on a side of the second conductive layer 130 adjacent to the dielectric layer 120, and when the electrode 100 is powered on, charges stored in the dielectric layer 120 can be transferred to the second wall 132 along the second direction X2, thereby forming charge transfer from the first conductive layer 110 to the second conductive layer 130. Along the second direction X2, the projection of the dielectric layer 120 on the second wall 132 may cover the second wall 132. It can be understood that, in the present embodiment, the second direction X2 is the direction in which the second wall surface 132 faces the dielectric layer 120, and the projection of the dielectric layer 120 on the second wall surface 132 along the second direction X2 corresponds to the facing area of the dielectric layer 120 relative to the second wall surface 132, and the projection covers the second wall surface 132 to indicate that the dielectric layer 120 covers the effective charge transfer range from the dielectric layer 120 to the second conductive layer 130, so that a uniform and good charge transfer effect can be achieved.

In various embodiments, the walls of the first conductive layer 110, the dielectric layer 120, and the second conductive layer 130 may be planar or curved. In order to achieve efficient charge transfer between each conductive unit 131 and the first conductive layer 110, in some embodiments, the wall surface of the first conductive layer 110 facing each conductive unit 131 and the wall surface of the first conductive layer 110 of each conductive unit 131 may be planar. Thus, referring to fig. 2-7, in some embodiments, the walls of each conductive element 131 facing the first conductive layer 110 may be all parallel to the first wall 111. It can be understood that in the present embodiment, since the wall surface of the first conductive layer 110 facing the conductive units 131 is parallel to the first wall surface 111, the potential difference between the two is relatively uniform, which is beneficial to forming parallel equivalent discharge effect between the conductive units 131. In other embodiments, the wall surface of the at least one conductive unit 131 facing the first conductive layer 110 may be non-parallel to the first wall surface 111 according to different processing requirements.

Accordingly, in other embodiments, the first wall 111 may be curved; and/or, a wall surface of each conductive unit 131 facing the first conductive layer 110 may be a curved surface; and/or, a wall surface of each conductive unit 131 facing away from the first conductive layer 110 may be a curved surface. The above arrangement can make the wall surface of the electrode 100 for transmitting electric energy into any three-dimensional curved surface shape, so that the electrode 100 can adapt to different processing requirements. Similarly, the wall surfaces of the first wall surface 111, the conductive units 131 facing the first conductive layer 110, and the wall surfaces of the conductive units 131 facing away from the first conductive layer 110 may be planar, and the effect of adapting to the processing requirement can be achieved.

Referring to fig. 2-5, in some embodiments, the second conductive layer 130 has a second wall 132 facing the dielectric layer 120, and the spacing between the conductive elements 131 may be the same along a direction parallel to the second wall 132. It will be appreciated that the above arrangement equalizes the gaps between the conductive elements 131, thereby enabling the corresponding capacitance of the conductive elements 131 to be more uniform. The respective intervals between the conductive units 131 may be unequal along the direction parallel to the second wall 132 corresponding to different discharge requirements, and further, in some embodiments, the second conductive layer 130 may be further divided into different conductive areas, and the intervals between the conductive units 131 in the different conductive areas may be different. For example, referring to fig. 6, in the present embodiment, the distribution density of the conductive units 131 in the middle area is different from the distribution density of the conductive units 131 in the peripheral area, so that the special processing requirements can be adapted.

Referring to fig. 1-2, in some embodiments, one end of the dielectric layer 120 contacts the first conductive layer 110 and the opposite end contacts the second conductive layer 130. It is understood that the dielectric layer 120 is located between and in contact with the first conductive layer 110 and the second conductive layer 130, that is, in this embodiment, no other layered blocks are disposed between the dielectric layer 120 and the first conductive layer 110 and between the dielectric layer 120 and the second conductive layer 130, and can facilitate the transfer of charges. It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, when the dielectric layer 120 is in a liquid state or a gaseous state, it is also considered that two ends of the dielectric layer 120 can contact the first conductive layer 110 and the second conductive layer 130. In other embodiments, other layers may be provided between the dielectric layer 120 and the first conductive layer 110, or between the dielectric layer 120 and the second conductive layer 130, to meet different requirements.

As can be seen from the above description, the plurality of conductive units 131 can be used to release electrical energy, and in some embodiments, the machining process of the workpiece 300 requires that the discharge across the electrode 100 be uniform to obtain better machined surface quality. To this end, in some embodiments, the electrode 100 may be configured such that the plurality of conductive units 131 can simultaneously discharge electric energy after the first conductive layer 110 captures the energy supplied from the power source 200. It can be appreciated that, in some embodiments, after the first conductive layer 110 obtains the energy provided by the power source 200, the electrical energy can be stored in the dielectric layer 120, and after the electrode 100 generates the breakdown effect, the electrical energy is transferred to each conductive unit 131, and at this time, the plurality of conductive units 131 can simultaneously release the electrical energy. Accordingly, to meet the processing requirements of different workpieces 300, different portions of the electrode 100 may be required to be discharged at different times, or different amounts of discharge. To this end, in other embodiments, the electrode 100 may be configured such that the plurality of conductive units 131 can respectively discharge electric energy after the first conductive layer 110 obtains the energy supplied from the power source 200. Further, in an embodiment in which each conductive unit 131 can release electric energy separately, in order to control the respective discharging of each conductive unit 131 of each portion, each conductive unit 131 may be further connected to the controller.

Embodiments of the second aspect of the present invention also provide an electrical discharge machining apparatus comprising an electrode 100 of any of the embodiments described above, and a power supply 200. Wherein the power supply 200 is electrically connected to the first conductive layer 110. It will be appreciated that, corresponding to the description of the embodiments above, in this embodiment, the power supply 200 is used to supply electrical energy to the first conductive layer 110. Thanks to the improvement of the electrode 100 described above, the electric discharge machine according to the second aspect of the present invention has the same technical effects as the electrode 100 in the above-described embodiments. Meanwhile, referring to fig. 8, according to the improvement of the electrode 100 of the present invention, in some embodiments, the electrode 100 may achieve the parallel discharge of the electrode 100 and the machining effect of the electric discharge machining apparatus by only connecting a wire to one end of the power supply 200 at the first conductive layer 110 and connecting the other end of the power supply 200 to the workpiece, thereby simplifying the complexity of the wiring arrangement of the electric discharge machining apparatus.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, but rather as utilizing equivalent structural changes made in the description and drawings of the present invention or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields under the application concept of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An electrode for electrical processing, the electrode comprising:

a first conductive layer for electrically connecting to a power source;

a dielectric layer made of a dielectric material;

the second conductive layer comprises a plurality of conductive units which are arranged at intervals and are used for releasing electric energy;

the dielectric layer is located between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer, the first conductive layer is provided with a first wall surface facing the second conductive layer, and the orthographic projection area of the wall surface of each conductive unit facing the first conductive layer on the first wall surface is smaller than the area of the first wall surface.

2. The electrode according to claim 1, wherein,

the first conductive layer, the dielectric layer, and each of the conductive elements can collectively define a plurality of capacitors, each of the capacitors for storing and transferring electrical energy.

3. The electrode according to claim 1, wherein,

the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer are oppositely arranged along a first direction, and the minimum distance between each conductive unit and the first conductive layer is equal along the first direction.

4. The electrode according to claim 1, wherein,

the first wall surface and the dielectric layer are oppositely arranged along a first direction, and along the first direction, the projection of the dielectric layer on the first wall surface covers the first wall surface.

5. The electrode according to claim 1, wherein,

the second conductive layer is provided with a second wall surface facing the dielectric layer, the second wall surface and the dielectric layer are oppositely arranged along a second direction, and the projection of the dielectric layer on the second wall surface covers the second wall surface along the second direction.

6. The electrode according to claim 1, wherein,

the first wall surface is a curved surface;

and/or the number of the groups of groups,

the wall surface of each conductive unit facing the first conductive layer is a curved surface;

and/or the number of the groups of groups,

the wall surface of each conductive unit, which faces away from the first conductive layer, is a curved surface.

7. The electrode according to claim 1, wherein,

the second conductive layer is provided with a second wall surface facing the dielectric layer, and the distance between the conductive units is the same along the direction parallel to the second wall surface.

8. The electrode according to claim 1, wherein,

one end of the dielectric layer contacts the first conductive layer and the opposite end contacts the second conductive layer.

9. The electrode according to claim 1, wherein,

the electrode is configured such that the plurality of conductive elements are capable of releasing electrical energy simultaneously after the first conductive layer acquires energy provided by the power source.

10. An electrical discharge machining apparatus, comprising:

the electrode of any one of claims 1-9; and

and a power supply electrically connected with the first conductive layer.