CN117239939B - Distribution automation protection method implemented by cooperation between main station and distributed terminals - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及电力系统配电技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种主站与分布式终端配合实现的配电自动化保护方法。The present invention relates to the technical field of power system power distribution, and specifically to a power distribution automation protection method implemented by cooperation between a master station and distributed terminals.
背景技术Background technique
目前的供电系统大多是结合了大机组、大电网、高电压的集中式供电系统，虽然这种供电系统提供了全世界超过百分之九十的电力负荷，但是其自身的缺陷已经越来越难以满足对能源和电力供应的质量和安全可靠性的要求。大机组、大电网的任何故障都会造成巨大而又深远的影响，严重时甚至会导致整个网络的崩溃，最终危及国家安全。另外，大机组、大电网为代表的集中式供电系统难以解决电力负荷变化的问题，为应对短暂的电力峰值而建造发电厂也不现实。基于这样的情况，西方发达国家普遍认为：把分布式发电系统及大电网系统结合起来和传统的电网系统相比，投资成本以及能耗都更加低廉。我国的集中式供电现象更加突出，偏远地区要经过很长的时间周期、花费巨大的成本才可以建立一定规模的集中式供配电网；分布式电源可以有效解决集中式供电系统的局限性。Most of the current power supply systems are centralized power supply systems that combine large units, large power grids, and high voltages. Although this power supply system provides more than 90% of the world's power load, its own shortcomings have become increasingly serious. It is difficult to meet the requirements for the quality, safety and reliability of energy and electricity supply. Any failure of large power units or large power grids will have huge and far-reaching impacts. In severe cases, it may even lead to the collapse of the entire network, ultimately endangering national security. In addition, centralized power supply systems represented by large units and large power grids are difficult to solve the problem of power load changes, and it is unrealistic to build power plants to cope with short-term power peaks. Based on this situation, Western developed countries generally believe that combining distributed power generation systems and large power grid systems will result in lower investment costs and energy consumption than traditional power grid systems. The phenomenon of centralized power supply in my country is even more prominent. It takes a long time and huge cost to establish a centralized power supply and distribution network of a certain scale in remote areas. Distributed power can effectively solve the limitations of centralized power supply systems.
虽然分布式电源已经在电力系统中得到大量应用，但是它在很大程度上受到环境因素的影响，其波动性较大；加之电力的不确定性，导致了接入分布式电源后可能会影响电力系统的安全可靠性以及稳定运行。当前对电力系统的改革以及建设大电力的背景，无不增加了对分布式电源的需求量和安装量，这势必会给配电网的安全、稳定以及可靠运行带来难题。Although distributed power sources have been widely used in power systems, they are largely affected by environmental factors and have large fluctuations. Coupled with the uncertainty of power, access to distributed power sources may affect the The safety, reliability and stable operation of the power system. The current reform of the power system and the background of building large power have all increased the demand and installation of distributed power sources, which will inevitably bring difficulties to the safety, stability and reliable operation of the distribution network.
目前电力资源基本可以满足日常需求，主要问题多出现在配电环节。传统的配电网络结构是辐射型单端供电，这样一来只要出现线路故障就不得不切除整回线路。另外，老旧的配电网的自动化程度相对较低，在出现电力故障后，要么依靠配电器的熔断器或跳闸保护断电，要么人工拉闸；这种现象随着发电量的不断增加而日益突出。At present, power resources can basically meet daily needs, and the main problems mostly occur in the power distribution link. The traditional power distribution network structure is a radial single-ended power supply, so as long as a line fault occurs, the entire circuit has to be cut off. In addition, the degree of automation of the old distribution network is relatively low. After a power failure occurs, the power is either cut off by relying on the fuse or trip protection of the distributor, or the power is manually opened; this phenomenon has become increasingly common with the continuous increase in power generation. increasingly prominent.
馈线自动化包括：（1）数据的监控及控制。主要是远程操作现场运行的设备，并进行实时监测。（2）故障后自动隔离及恢复。在出现单相接地、多相接地以及相间短路等故障时，借助终端的反馈自动识别故障，并在故障切除后恢复供电。Feeder automation includes: (1) Data monitoring and control. The main purpose is to remotely operate equipment running on site and conduct real-time monitoring. (2) Automatic isolation and recovery after failure. When faults such as single-phase grounding, multi-phase grounding, and phase-to-phase short circuit occur, the fault is automatically identified using feedback from the terminal, and the power supply is restored after the fault is removed.
CN103840439A公开了一种主站与分布式终端配合实现的配电自动化保护方法，当配电网发生单一故障时，配电自动化终端确定故障区域，控制配电网出线处的断路器断开，然后配电自动化终端断开故障区域两端的分段开关，进行故障隔离，最后配电自动化终端控制配电网出线处的断路器、联络开关和分段开关闭合，转供配电网无故障区域的负荷，实现无故障区的供电恢复。但是，其属于集中式分布终端，仅能在主站与分布式终端之间存在通信，存在分布式终端之间信息不能互通，工程造价高，处理时间长，反应不及时以及保护策略单一的缺点。CN103840439A discloses a distribution automation protection method implemented by a master station and a distributed terminal. When a single fault occurs in the distribution network, the distribution automation terminal determines the fault area, controls the circuit breaker at the outlet of the distribution network to disconnect, and then disconnects the sectionalizing switches at both ends of the fault area to isolate the fault. Finally, the distribution automation terminal controls the circuit breaker, the connecting switch and the sectionalizing switch at the outlet of the distribution network to close, and transfers the load of the fault-free area of the distribution network to realize power supply recovery in the fault-free area. However, it belongs to a centralized distributed terminal, and can only communicate between the master station and the distributed terminal. There are disadvantages such as the inability to communicate information between distributed terminals, high engineering cost, long processing time, untimely response and single protection strategy.
目前常用的主站与分布式终端配合方式除了集中式之外，还有分布式，分布式系统需要建设专门的通信网络，且在故障恢复时缺少全局协调的能力。Currently, the commonly used cooperation methods between master stations and distributed terminals are not only centralized but also distributed. Distributed systems require the construction of a dedicated communication network and lack the ability to coordinate globally during fault recovery.
针对上述缺点，本申请设计一种主站与分布式终端配合实现的配电自动化保护方法，实现分布式终端之间的信息交互，由分布式终端快速进行故障的定位和隔离；而由主站统筹非故障区域的恢复供电，有效缩短了故障定位和隔离的时间，加快了供电恢复的速度，时效性更强。In view of the above shortcomings, this application designs a power distribution automation protection method implemented by the cooperation of the main station and distributed terminals to realize information interaction between distributed terminals, and the distributed terminals quickly locate and isolate faults; while the main station Coordinating the restoration of power supply in non-faulty areas effectively shortens the time for fault location and isolation, speeds up power supply restoration, and is more timely.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明提供一种主站与分布式终端配合实现的配电自动化保护方法，以解决上述的问题。The present invention provides a power distribution automation protection method implemented by cooperation between a master station and distributed terminals to solve the above problems.
第一方面，本发明提供了一种主站与分布式终端配合实现的配电自动化保护方法，基于包括主站与分布式终端的配电自动化系统实现，该配电自动化系统包括一个主站、多个分合开关或联络开关以及多个分布式终端，每一个分合开关或联络开关均连接一个分布式终端，分布式终端采集与其连接的支路的电流信息以及分合开关、联络开关的位置信息，将上述电流信息和开关位置信息存储并上传到主站。In the first aspect, the present invention provides a distribution automation protection method implemented by the cooperation of a master station and distributed terminals, which is implemented based on a distribution automation system including a master station and distributed terminals. The distribution automation system includes a master station, multiple opening and closing switches or connecting switches and multiple distributed terminals. Each opening and closing switch or connecting switch is connected to a distributed terminal. The distributed terminal collects current information of the branch connected to it and the position information of the opening and closing switches and connecting switches, and stores the above current information and switch position information and uploads it to the master station.
各分布式终端之间实现电流信息和位置信息的交互；区别于常规的集中式和分布式设计，将各分布式终端与主站相连的基础上实现各分布式终端之间的交互，有助于提高信息共享的时效性，利于主站和分布式终端的功能分配，提高响应的及时性，快速进行故障处理。The distributed terminals can interact with each other in terms of current information and position information. Different from the conventional centralized and distributed designs, the distributed terminals can interact with each other on the basis of being connected to the master station, which helps to improve the timeliness of information sharing, facilitates the function allocation of the master station and distributed terminals, improves the timeliness of response, and quickly handles faults.
配电自动化保护方法包括以下步骤：Distribution automation protection methods include the following steps:
步骤1、当配电网发生单一故障时，分布式终端采集与其连接的支路的电流信息以及分合开关、联络开关的位置信息，并将上述电流信息和位置信息交互给与其相邻的分布式终端，配电自动化系统基于分布式终端的交互信息确定故障位置。对分布式终端采集的电流信息中的电流方向进行定义；配电自动化系统将正常运行时电流流出或流进分合开关或联络开关的方向确定为初始电流方向；各分布式终端接收到相邻分布式终端交互的电流信息以及位置信息时，对比初始电流方向与交互的电流信息中的电流方向；当初始电流方向与交互的电流信息中的电流方向不一致时，确定交互的电流信息所在的支路或与其连接的支路发生故障。基于分布式终端的性能和参数范围，通过分布式终端的交互信息确定故障位置，将故障定位时间有效缩短，且根据电流正反方向确定故障位置，提高了定位的准确性。Step 1. When a single fault occurs in the distribution network, the distributed terminal collects the current information of the branch connected to it and the position information of the splitter and the tie switch, and exchanges the above current information and position information with the distributed terminals adjacent to it. The distribution automation system determines the fault location based on the interactive information of the distributed terminals. Define the current direction in the current information collected by the distributed terminal; the distribution automation system determines the direction in which the current flows out of or into the splitter or tie switch during normal operation as the initial current direction; when each distributed terminal receives the current information and position information exchanged by the adjacent distributed terminal, it compares the initial current direction with the current direction in the exchanged current information; when the initial current direction is inconsistent with the current direction in the exchanged current information, it is determined that the branch where the exchanged current information is located or the branch connected to it has a fault. Based on the performance and parameter range of the distributed terminal, the fault location is determined through the interactive information of the distributed terminal, the fault location time is effectively shortened, and the fault location is determined according to the positive and negative directions of the current, which improves the accuracy of positioning.
步骤2、分布式终端确定孤岛范围。将支路和负荷节点作为初始信息，对支路进行分类，对不同分类的支路赋予不同的权值；确定负荷节点优先级，以分布式电源作为基础节点，将权值高的支路及其连接的负荷节点作为初始孤岛，向初始孤岛连接的支路扩展，孤岛范围确定后，控制与孤岛连接的分合开关或联络开关分断，快速隔离故障。通过支路分类、赋值和优先级的设置，根据分布式终端交互的信息划定孤岛范围，实现了孤岛范围的精准划定，最大程度的保障了持续供电的范围。Step 2. The distributed terminal determines the scope of the island. Use branches and load nodes as initial information, classify branches, and assign different weights to branches of different categories; determine the priority of load nodes, use distributed power sources as basic nodes, and assign branches with high weights to The load node it is connected to serves as the initial island and extends to the branch connected to the initial island. After the island range is determined, the opening and closing switch or contact switch connected to the island is controlled to open to quickly isolate the fault. Through branch classification, assignment and priority setting, the island range is delimited based on the information exchanged by distributed terminals, achieving precise delineation of the island range and ensuring the scope of continuous power supply to the greatest extent.
步骤3、分布式终端采用跟踪染色和二次染色法更新电气网络拓扑，对非故障区域持续供电。分布式终端根据储存的电气拓扑结构进行分布式电源的跟踪染色，并将跟踪染色信息上传到主站；主站将非故障区域中分布式电源所在支路的分合开关点亮；分布式终端自动搜索与上述分布式电源所在支路的分合开关相近的所有分合开关或联络开关，并将搜索结果上传到主站；主站将所有能够对负荷供电的支路二次染色；主站根据所述支路二次染色的结果，进行分布式电源与负荷功率的匹配；结束染色后，分布式终端储存更新后的电气拓扑结构，并将更新后的电气拓扑结构上传到主站，二次染色采用不同的颜色对不同的支路进行染色。该更新电气网络拓扑的方法保障了非故障区域的持续供电，提高了持续供电的可靠性和稳定性。Step 3. The distributed terminal uses tracking dyeing and secondary dyeing methods to update the electrical network topology and continuously supply power to non-faulty areas. The distributed terminal performs tracking and dyeing of the distributed power supply based on the stored electrical topology structure, and uploads the tracking and dyeing information to the main station; the main station lights the branch switch of the distributed power supply in the non-fault area; the distributed terminal Automatically search for all on-off switches or contact switches that are close to the on-off switches of the branch where the distributed power supply is located, and upload the search results to the main station; the main station will secondary color all the branches that can supply power to the load; the main station According to the results of the secondary dyeing of the branch, the distributed power supply and the load power are matched; after the dyeing is completed, the distributed terminal stores the updated electrical topology and uploads the updated electrical topology to the main station. Secondary dyeing uses different colors to dye different branches. This method of updating the electrical network topology ensures continuous power supply in non-faulty areas and improves the reliability and stability of continuous power supply.
步骤4、主站和分布式终端协同恢复故障区域的供电。故障区域的分布式终端向其连接的分合开关或联络开关发出分闸指令，分闸成功后，立即向待恢复区域的分布式终端交互故障隔离信息，若未找到故障恢复方案，则将故障隔离信息上传到主站，请求主站协助。主站和分布式终端协同实现故障区域的供电恢复，通过设置有效参数逐个实现联络开关的恢复，发挥了主站统筹全局信息的能力，确定故障区域的最优解除方案，实现有序恢复供电。Step 4. The master station and distributed terminals collaborate to restore power supply to the fault area. The distributed terminal in the fault area sends an opening instruction to the opening and closing switch or contact switch connected to it. After the opening is successful, it immediately exchanges fault isolation information with the distributed terminal in the area to be restored. If no fault recovery plan is found, the fault will be Upload the isolation information to the main site and request the main site for assistance. The master station and distributed terminals collaborate to restore power supply in the fault area, and restore the contact switches one by one by setting effective parameters. This gives full play to the master station's ability to coordinate global information, determine the optimal solution to the fault area, and achieve orderly restoration of power supply.
第二方面，本发明提供了一种配电自动化保护设备，包括存储器和处理器；其中，所述存储器用于存储一条或多条计算机指令，其中，所述一条或多条计算机指令被所述处理器执行以实现上述方法的步骤。In a second aspect, the present invention provides a power distribution automation protection device, including a memory and a processor; wherein the memory is used to store one or more computer instructions, wherein the one or more computer instructions are processed by the The processor executes the steps to implement the above method.
第三方面，本发明提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机指令，其中，该计算机指令被处理器执行时实现上述方法的步骤。In a third aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium on which computer instructions are stored, wherein the steps of the above method are implemented when the computer instructions are executed by a processor.
第四方面，一种计算机程序产品，包括计算机程序/指令，该计算机程序/指令被处理器执行时实现上述方法的步骤。In a fourth aspect, a computer program product includes a computer program/instruction that implements the steps of the above method when executed by a processor.
本发明提供的技术方案可包括以下有益效果：The technical solutions provided by the present invention may include the following beneficial effects:
（1）本申请的配电自动化系统包括一个主站和多个分布式终端，各分布式终端之间实现电流信息和位置信息的交互；区别于常规的集中式和分布式设计，将各分布式终端与主站相连的基础上实现各分布式终端之间的交互，有助于提高信息共享的时效性，利于主站和分布式终端的功能分配，由分布式终端快速进行故障的定位和隔离，由主站统筹非故障区域的恢复供电，提高主站和分布式终端之间的协同作用，大大缩短了故障处理时间。(1) The power distribution automation system of this application includes a master station and multiple distributed terminals, and each distributed terminal realizes the interaction of current information and position information; different from conventional centralized and distributed designs, each distributed terminal The interaction between distributed terminals is realized based on the connection between the main station and the main station, which helps to improve the timeliness of information sharing, facilitates the function allocation of the main station and distributed terminals, and allows the distributed terminals to quickly locate and fault faults. Isolation, the main station coordinates the restoration of power supply in non-faulty areas, improves the synergy between the main station and distributed terminals, and greatly shortens the fault handling time.
（2）基于分布式终端的性能和参数范围，通过分布式终端的交互信息确定故障位置，将故障定位时间有效缩短，且根据电流正反方向确定故障位置，提高了定位的准确性。(2) Based on the performance and parameter range of the distributed terminal, the fault location is determined through the interactive information of the distributed terminal, which effectively shortens the fault location time, and determines the fault location based on the forward and reverse directions of the current, improving the accuracy of location.
（3）通过支路分级、赋值和优先级的设置，根据分布式终端交互的信息划定孤岛范围，实现了孤岛范围的精准划定，最大程度的保障了持续供电的范围。(3) Through the setting of branch classification, assignment and priority, the scope of the island is delimited based on the information exchanged by distributed terminals, which achieves the precise delineation of the scope of the island and ensures the scope of continuous power supply to the greatest extent.
（4）分布式终端采用跟踪染色和二次染色法及时更新电气网络拓扑，保障了非故障区域的持续供电，提高了持续供电的可靠性和稳定性。(4) Distributed terminals use tracking and secondary coloring methods to timely update the electrical network topology, ensuring continuous power supply in non-fault areas and improving the reliability and stability of continuous power supply.
（5）主站和分布式终端协同实现故障区域的供电恢复，通过设置有效参数逐个实现联络开关的恢复，发挥了主站统筹全局信息的能力，确定故障区域的最优解除方案，实现有序恢复供电。(5) The master station and distributed terminals collaborate to restore the power supply in the fault area, and restore the contact switches one by one by setting effective parameters, giving full play to the master station's ability to coordinate global information, determine the optimal solution to the fault area, and achieve orderly Restore power.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚的说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中待要使用的附图作简单介绍，显而易见的，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图；In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without exerting creative work;
图1为本发明的配电自动化保护方法；Figure 1 shows the power distribution automation protection method of the present invention;
图2为本发明的配电自动化系统；Figure 2 shows the power distribution automation system of the present invention;
附图标记：1-3、5-7表示分合开关；4表示联络开关；8-15表示分布式终端。Reference symbols: 1-3, 5-7 represent the opening and closing switch; 4 represents the contact switch; 8-15 represents the distributed terminal.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。通常在此处附图中描述和示出的本申请实施例的组件可以以各种不同的配置来布置和设计。In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
因此，以下对在附图中提供的本申请的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本申请的范围，而是仅仅表示本申请的选定实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the application provided in the appended drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but rather to represent selected embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of this application.
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步定义和解释。It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following figures, therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need further definition and explanation in subsequent figures.
需要说明的是，术语“包括”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。It should be noted that the term "comprises" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or device that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements that are not explicitly listed, or also includes elements that are inherent to such process, method, article, or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or device that includes the element.
下面结合附图，对本申请的一些实施方式作详细说明。在不冲突的情况下，下述的各个实施例及实施例中的各个特征可以相互组合。Some embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments and various features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
实施例1Example 1
本发明提供了一种主站与分布式终端配合实现的配电自动化保护方法，基于包括主站与分布式终端的配电自动化系统实现，结合图1和图2，该配电自动化系统包括一个主站、一个联络开关4、六个分合开关和八个分布式终端8-15，变电站一与分合开关1连接，分合开关1、分合开关2、分合开关3依次连接，分合开关3与联络开关4连接，联络开关4、分合开关5、分合开关6、分合开关7依次连接，变电站二与分合开关7连接，每一个分合开关1-3、5-7和联络开关4均对应连接分布式终端8-15。The present invention provides a power distribution automation protection method implemented by cooperation between a master station and distributed terminals. It is implemented based on a power distribution automation system including a master station and distributed terminals. With reference to Figures 1 and 2, the power distribution automation system includes a Main station, one contact switch 4, six on-off switches and eight distributed terminals 8-15. Substation one is connected to off-off switch 1, off-off switch 1, off-off switch 2, off-off switch 3 are connected in sequence. Closing switch 3 is connected to contact switch 4, contact switch 4, opening and closing switch 5, opening and closing switch 6, opening and closing switch 7 are connected in sequence, substation 2 is connected to opening and closing switch 7, each opening and closing switch 1-3, 5- 7 and contact switch 4 are respectively connected to distributed terminals 8-15.
其中，分合开关1与分布式终端9连接，分合开关2与分布式终端14连接，分合开关3与分布式终端10连接，联络开关4与分布式终端11连接，分合开关5同时与分布式终端8的一端和分布式终端12连接，分布式终端8的另一端连接分布式电源，分合开关6与分布式终端15连接，分合开关7与分布式终端13连接。分布式终端8-15采集与其连接的支路的电流信息以及与其连接的分合开关1-3、5-7或联络开关4的位置信息，将其采集的上述电流信息和开关位置信息存储。Among them, the opening and closing switch 1 is connected to the distributed terminal 9, the opening and closing switch 2 is connected to the distributed terminal 14, the opening and closing switch 3 is connected to the distributed terminal 10, the contact switch 4 is connected to the distributed terminal 11, and the opening and closing switch 5 simultaneously One end of the distributed terminal 8 is connected to the distributed terminal 12, the other end of the distributed terminal 8 is connected to the distributed power supply, the switching switch 6 is connected to the distributed terminal 15, and the switching switch 7 is connected to the distributed terminal 13. The distributed terminal 8-15 collects the current information of the branches connected to it and the position information of the switching switches 1-3, 5-7 or tie switch 4 connected to it, and stores the collected current information and switch position information.
同时，分布式终端9-15均与邻近的分布式终端连接，并均与主站相连，分布式终端9-15在存储其获取的电流信息和开关位置信息的同时将上述信息上传到主站。At the same time, the distributed terminals 9-15 are connected to adjacent distributed terminals and are connected to the main station. The distributed terminals 9-15 store the current information and switch position information they obtain and upload the above information to the main station. .
现有技术中分布式终端一般采取集中式或分布式设计，其中，集中式设计的所有信息处理功能由主站实现，需要各分布式终端均将信息上传后才能实现其功能，时效性较差；而分布式设计能够及时响应故障情况，但是，由于分布式终端仅能获取所在支路的信息，导致响应不全面，容易陷入孤岛，与各支路之间的互联性差。In the prior art, distributed terminals generally adopt a centralized or distributed design, in which all information processing functions of the centralized design are implemented by the main station, and each distributed terminal needs to upload information before its function can be realized, which has poor timeliness; while the distributed design can respond to faults in a timely manner, but because the distributed terminal can only obtain information about the branch where it is located, the response is incomplete, it is easy to fall into an island, and the connectivity between the branches is poor.
通过各分布式终端9-15之间实现电流信息和位置信息的交互，在各分布式终端9-15与主站相连的基础上实现其相互之间的信息交互，有助于提高信息共享的时效性，提高分布式终端决策的全面性和准确性。Through the interaction of current information and position information between the distributed terminals 9-15, the information interaction between the distributed terminals 9-15 is realized on the basis of being connected to the main station, which helps to improve the efficiency of information sharing. timeliness, improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of distributed terminal decision-making.
每个分布式终端9-15均与主站连接，当分合开关3和联络开关4之间发生故障时，所有分布式终端监测其所在的支路电流，分布式终端9-15之间实现信息交互，不需要主站对全局的信息进行统筹分析，将主站和分布式终端9-15的功能进行分配，分布式终端根据其采集的支路电流信息和与其连接的分合开关或联络开关的位置信息，结合与其相连的分布式终端的相关信息，快速进行故障的定位和隔离；主站根据所有分布式终端采集的支路电流信息和与其连接的分合开关或联络开关的位置信息，统筹非故障区域的恢复供电，如此分工能够提高主站和分布式终端之间的协同作用，大大提高响应的及时性，快速进行故障处理。Each distributed terminal 9-15 is connected to the master station. When a fault occurs between the switching switch 3 and the tie switch 4, all distributed terminals monitor the current of the branch where they are located, and information is realized between the distributed terminals 9-15. Interaction does not require the master station to coordinate and analyze the global information, and allocate the functions of the master station and the distributed terminals 9-15. The distributed terminals collect branch current information and the opening and closing switches or contact switches connected to them. The location information, combined with the relevant information of the distributed terminals connected to it, can quickly locate and isolate the fault; the main station based on the branch current information collected by all distributed terminals and the location information of the opening and closing switches or contact switches connected to them, Coordinate the restoration of power supply in non-faulty areas. This division of labor can improve the synergy between the main station and distributed terminals, greatly improve the timeliness of response, and quickly handle faults.
该配电自动化保护方法包括以下步骤：The distribution automation protection method includes the following steps:
步骤1、当配电网的分合开关3与联络开关4之间发生短路故障时，分布式终端采集与其连接的支路的电流信息以及分合开关1-3、5-7或联络开关4的位置信息，分布式终端9-15将上述信息交互给与其相邻的分布式终端，配电自动化系统基于分布式终端9-15的交互信息，尤其是分布式终端10与分布式终端11采集的支路电流信息，确定故障位置。Step 1. When a short circuit fault occurs between the opening and closing switch 3 and the tie switch 4 of the distribution network, the distributed terminal collects the current information of the branch connected to it and the opening and closing switches 1-3, 5-7 or tie switch 4. The distributed terminal 9-15 exchanges the above information with its adjacent distributed terminals. The distribution automation system is based on the interactive information of the distributed terminal 9-15, especially the distributed terminal 10 and the distributed terminal 11 collect branch current information to determine the fault location.
具体的，分布式终端采集与其连接的支路的电流信息以及分合开关1-3、5-7或联络开关4的位置信息，并对电流信息中的电流方向进行定义；可以做如下规定：电流从分合开关或联络开关流出的方向定义为正方向，将电流流进分合开关或联络开关的方向定义为反方向。Specifically, the distributed terminal collects the current information of the branch connected to it and the position information of the opening and closing switches 1-3, 5-7 or contact switch 4, and defines the current direction in the current information; the following provisions can be made: The direction in which the current flows out from the opening and closing switch or the tie switch is defined as the forward direction, and the direction in which the current flows into the opening and closing switch or the tie switch is defined as the reverse direction.
结合当前运行方式，配电自动化系统将正常运行时电流流出或流进分合开关或联络开关的方向确定为初始电流方向。Combined with the current operating mode, the distribution automation system determines the direction in which current flows out of or into the opening and closing switch or tie switch during normal operation as the initial current direction.
各分布式终端9-15接收到相邻分布式终端交互的电流信息以及位置信息时，对比初始电流方向与交互的电流信息中的电流方向。When each distributed terminal 9 - 15 receives the interactive current information and position information of adjacent distributed terminals, it compares the initial current direction with the current direction in the interactive current information.
当对比初始电流方向与交互的电流信息中的电流方向不一致时，或某支路的正方向和反方向之间发生变异时，确定交互的电流信息所在的支路或与其连接的支路发生故障。When the initial current direction is inconsistent with the current direction in the interactive current information, or when there is a variation between the forward direction and the reverse direction of a branch, it is determined that the branch where the interactive current information is located or the branch connected to it is faulty. .
正常运行时电流流进分合开关3的电流方向与短路故障发生后分布式终端10采集的电流方向相反，正常运行时电流流出联络开关4的电流方向与短路故障发生后分布式终端11采集的电流方向相反，表明故障发生在分合开关3和联络开关4之间。根据分布式终端的性能和数据采集，通过分布式终端的交互信息确定故障位置，将故障定位的时间大大缩短，且根据电流正反方向确定故障位置，提高了定位的准确性。The direction of the current flowing into the switching switch 3 during normal operation is opposite to the direction of the current collected by the distributed terminal 10 after the occurrence of a short-circuit fault. The direction of the current flowing out of the contact switch 4 during normal operation is opposite to the direction of the current collected by the distributed terminal 11 after the occurrence of a short-circuit fault. The direction of the current is opposite, indicating that the fault occurs between the opening and closing switch 3 and the tie switch 4. According to the performance and data collection of distributed terminals, the fault location is determined through the interactive information of distributed terminals, which greatly shortens the fault location time. The fault location is determined based on the forward and reverse directions of the current, which improves the accuracy of location.
步骤2、分布式终端确定孤岛范围，与孤岛相连接的分布式终端控制相应的分合开关1-3、5-7，快速断开分合开关3和联络开关4，实现故障隔离；将支路和负荷节点作为初始信息，对支路进行分类，其中，连接分布式电源的节点或连接划分过程中的孤岛的支路为一级支路，连接负荷节点的支路为二级支路，连接主电源节点或变电站一、变电站二的支路为三级支路。Step 2, the distributed terminal determines the scope of the island, and the distributed terminal connected to the island controls the corresponding on-off switches 1-3, 5-7, quickly disconnects the on-off switch 3 and the contact switch 4 to achieve fault isolation; the branch and the load node are used as the initial information to classify the branch, among which the branch connected to the node of the distributed power source or the island in the division process is a primary branch, the branch connected to the load node is a secondary branch, and the branch connected to the main power node or substation one and substation two is a tertiary branch.
对一级支路、二级支路和三级支路赋予不同的权值；一级支路的权值为0.5，二级支路的权值为0.3，三级支路的权值为0.2。Different weights are assigned to first-level branches, second-level branches and third-level branches; the weight of first-level branches is 0.5, the weight of second-level branches is 0.3, and the weight of third-level branches is 0.2 .
确定负荷节点优先级，并且，负荷节点的重要程度与优先级正相关。Determine the priority of the load node, and the importance of the load node is positively related to the priority.
以分布式电源作为基础节点，结合上述初始信息，确定从基础节点临近的支路开始，结合功率平衡原则，将权值高的支路及其连接的负荷节点作为初始孤岛；如支路的权值相同，则比较支路连接的负荷的优先级，优先级高的支路及其连接的负荷节点作为初始孤岛；功率平衡原则为：孤岛内部的分布式电源与负荷的功率平衡，即：Taking the distributed power supply as the basic node, combined with the above initial information, it is determined to start from the branch adjacent to the basic node, and combined with the power balance principle, the branch with high weight and its connected load node are used as the initial island; such as the weight of the branch If the values are the same, compare the priorities of the loads connected by the branches, and the branch with higher priority and its connected load nodes will be used as the initial island; the power balance principle is: the power balance between the distributed power sources and loads inside the island, that is:
； ;
Y表示孤岛内含分布式电源的集合；Z表示孤岛内负荷节点的集合；PDGi表示孤岛内第i个分布式电源发出的电量；PLj表示孤岛内第j个负荷节点的有功功率；Ploss表示孤岛内的网络损耗。Y represents the set of distributed power sources in the island; Z represents the set of load nodes in the island; P DGi represents the power generated by the i-th distributed power source in the island; P Lj represents the active power of the j-th load node in the island; P loss represents the network loss within the island.
在初始孤岛的基础上，在满足向与初始孤岛连接的支路扩展，直到孤岛的范围最大，终止扩展。On the basis of the initial island, the branch connected to the initial island is expanded until the range of the island is maximized, and then the expansion is terminated.
通过支路分级、赋值和优先级的设置，根据分布式终端交互的信息划定孤岛范围，实现了孤岛范围的精准划定，最大程度的保障了持续供电的范围。By setting branch classification, value assignment and priority, the scope of the island is defined according to the information interacted by distributed terminals, which achieves accurate delineation of the scope of the island and ensures the scope of continuous power supply to the greatest extent.
步骤3、分布式终端采用跟踪染色和二次染色法更新电气网络拓扑，实现对非故障区域的持续供电。Step 3: The distributed terminal uses tracking coloring and secondary coloring methods to update the electrical network topology to achieve continuous power supply to non-fault areas.
染色法是确定电气网络拓扑的常规方式，但是，跟踪染色是确定发生故障后的电气网络结构的有效方式，考虑到一次染色对于短时故障或者是自动恢复故障易产生误染，提出跟踪染色和二次染色相结合的方式。The dyeing method is a conventional way to determine the electrical network topology. However, tracking dyeing is an effective way to determine the electrical network structure after a fault. Considering that one dyeing is prone to false dyeing for short-term faults or automatic recovery faults, tracking dyeing and A combination of secondary dyeing.
分布式终端根据储存的电气拓扑结构对分布式电源所在的支路跟踪染色，并将跟踪染色信息上传到主站。The distributed terminal tracks and colors the branch where the distributed power supply is located based on the stored electrical topology structure, and uploads the tracking and coloring information to the main station.
在分合开关3与联络开关4之间发生短路故障后，主站将非故障区域中分布式电源所在支路的分合开关点亮；分布式终端自动搜索与上述分布式电源所在支路的分合开关相近的所有分合开关或联络开关，并将搜索结果上传到主站。After a short-circuit fault occurs between the switching switch 3 and the tie switch 4, the main station lights up the switching switch of the branch where the distributed power supply is located in the non-fault area; the distributed terminal automatically searches for the connection with the branch where the distributed power supply is located. All on-off switches or contact switches with similar on-off switches, and the search results are uploaded to the main station.
为了排除自动重合闸的影响，达到预定时间间隔后（比如设定时间间隔为0.5秒），主站将所有能够对负荷供电的支路二次染色。In order to eliminate the influence of automatic reclosing, after reaching the predetermined time interval (for example, the set time interval is 0.5 seconds), the master station will re-color all branches that can supply power to the load.
主站根据二次染色的结果，进行分布式电源与负荷功率的匹配，若分布式电源能够满足负荷的功率要求，则将分布式电源供电路径的开关相近的所有分段联络开关闭合，并结束跟踪；如果不能满足要求，则继续选择新的分段联络开关，重复二次染色的步骤。Based on the secondary dyeing results, the master station matches the power of the distributed power supply with the load. If the distributed power supply can meet the power requirements of the load, it will close all segment contact switches with similar switches in the power supply path of the distributed power supply, and end Tracking; if the requirements cannot be met, continue to select a new segmented contact switch and repeat the steps of secondary dyeing.
结束跟踪染色和二次染色后，分布式终端储存更新后的电气拓扑结构，并将更新后的电气拓扑结构上传到主站，完成电气拓扑结构的更新。After the tracking dyeing and secondary dyeing are completed, the distributed terminal stores the updated electrical topology and uploads the updated electrical topology to the main station to complete the update of the electrical topology.
二次染色可以采用不同的颜色对不同的支路进行染色。比如，跟踪染色为绿色，二次染色可以为黄色，并且不同的支路为不同的颜色。Secondary dyeing can use different colors to dye different branches. For example, the tracking coloring can be green, the secondary coloring can be yellow, and different branches can be different colors.
本申请的分布式终端采用跟踪染色和二次染色法及时更新电气网络拓扑，提高电气网络拓扑更新的及时性和精确度，保障了非故障区域的持续供电，提高了持续供电的可靠性和稳定性。The distributed terminal of this application uses tracking dyeing and secondary dyeing methods to update the electrical network topology in a timely manner, improving the timeliness and accuracy of the electrical network topology update, ensuring continuous power supply in non-faulty areas, and improving the reliability and stability of continuous power supply. sex.
步骤4、主站和分布式终端协同实现故障区域的供电恢复。故障区域的分布式终端10向分合开关3、分布式终端11向联络开关4发出分闸指令，分合开关3和联络开关4断开；分布式终端10、分布式终端11在检测到分合开关3和联络开关4分段成功分闸后，立即向待恢复区域的分布式终端12、14交互故障隔离信息，故障隔离消息包括分合开关2和分合开关5的有效参数，其有效参数为0，表明分布式终端10-12、14在交互信息后，未找到恢复方案，需要将故障隔离信息上传到主站，请求主站协助；Step 4: The master station and the distributed terminals cooperate to restore power supply in the faulty area. The distributed terminal 10 in the faulty area sends a disconnection command to the disconnector 3, and the distributed terminal 11 sends a disconnection command to the tie switch 4, and the disconnector 3 and the tie switch 4 are disconnected; after detecting that the disconnector 3 and the tie switch 4 are successfully disconnected in sections, the distributed terminals 10 and 11 immediately exchange fault isolation information with the distributed terminals 12 and 14 in the area to be restored. The fault isolation message includes the valid parameters of the disconnector 2 and the disconnector 5, and the valid parameters are 0, indicating that the distributed terminals 10-12 and 14 have not found a recovery plan after exchanging information, and need to upload the fault isolation information to the master station to request the master station to assist;
如果在设定时间内分布式终端一直未检测到分合开关3和联络开关4成功分闸，则向待恢复区域的分布式终端14交互故障隔离信息，同时，设置分合开关2的有效参数为-1；若待恢复区域的另一分布式终端12也收到了故障隔离信息，且分合开关5的有效参数为-1，则表明故障隔离失败，分合开关2和分合开关5执行分闸操作，并选择恢复方案。If the distributed terminal has not detected that the opening and closing switch 3 and the tie switch 4 have been successfully opened within the set time, it will exchange fault isolation information with the distributed terminal 14 in the area to be restored, and at the same time, set the effective parameters of the opening and closing switch 2 is -1; if another distributed terminal 12 in the area to be restored also receives the fault isolation information, and the effective parameter of the switch 5 is -1, it indicates that the fault isolation fails, and the switch 2 and the switch 5 execute Open the gate and select the recovery plan.
联络开关4相连的分布式终端11与相近的分布式终端10、12交互信息后，若判断联络开关4为一侧失电，则立即进入准备合闸阶段；处于准备合闸阶段的联络开关4连接的分布式终端11在收到故障隔离信息后，比较联络开关4的有效参数和故障隔离信息中该开关的有效参数，若联络开关的有效参数和故障隔离信息中开关的有效参数相等，则联络开关执行合闸操作。After the distributed terminal 11 connected to the tie switch 4 exchanges information with the nearby distributed terminals 10 and 12, if it is determined that one side of the tie switch 4 has lost power, it immediately enters the preparation for closing stage; after receiving the fault isolation information, the distributed terminal 11 connected to the tie switch 4 in the preparation for closing stage compares the effective parameters of the tie switch 4 with the effective parameters of the switch in the fault isolation information. If the effective parameters of the tie switch are equal to the effective parameters of the switch in the fault isolation information, the tie switch performs the closing operation.
联络开关4相连的分布式终端11在监测到其他分布式终端发出的开关合闸成功信息后，立即向待恢复区域的分布式终端发送恢复供电信息，并重复准备合闸的步骤。从而在短路故障接触后，分合开关3和联络开关4的顺利合闸。通过主站和分布式终端协同实现故障区域的供电恢复，通过设置有效参数逐个实现联络开关的恢复，发挥了主站统筹全局信息的能力，确定故障区域的最优解除方案，实现有序恢复供电。After monitoring the successful switch closing information sent by other distributed terminals, the distributed terminal 11 connected to the tie switch 4 immediately sends the power supply restoration information to the distributed terminal in the area to be restored, and repeats the steps of preparing for closing. Therefore, after the short-circuit fault contact occurs, the opening and closing switch 3 and the tie switch 4 can be closed smoothly. The main station and distributed terminals collaborate to restore the power supply in the fault area, and set effective parameters to restore the contact switches one by one. This gives full play to the master station's ability to coordinate global information, determine the optimal solution to the fault area, and achieve orderly restoration of power supply. .
实施例2Example 2
本申请实施例提供一种配电自动化保护设备，其包括存储器，用于存储一个或多个计算机指令；处理器。当一个或多个计算机指令被处理器执行时，实现如上述第一方面中任一项的方法。Embodiments of the present application provide a power distribution automation protection device, which includes a memory for storing one or more computer instructions; and a processor. When one or more computer instructions are executed by a processor, a method as in any one of the above first aspects is implemented.
还包括通信接口，该存储器、处理器和通信接口相互之间直接或间接地电性连接，以实现数据的传输或交互。例如，这些元件相互之间可通过一条或多条通讯总线或信号线实现电性连接。存储器可用于存储软件程序及模块，处理器通过执行存储在存储器内的软件程序及模块，从而执行各种功能应用以及数据处理。该通信接口可用于与其他节点设备进行信令或数据的通信。It also includes a communication interface. The memory, processor and communication interface are directly or indirectly electrically connected to each other to realize data transmission or interaction. For example, these components may be electrically connected to each other through one or more communication buses or signal lines. The memory can be used to store software programs and modules. The processor executes the software programs and modules stored in the memory to perform various functional applications and data processing. This communication interface can be used to communicate signaling or data with other node devices.
另一方面，本申请实施例提供一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机指令，该计算机程序被处理器执行时实现如上述第一方面中任一项的方法。所述功能如果以软件功能模块的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。On the other hand, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium on which computer instructions are stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method of any one of the above-mentioned first aspects is implemented. If the function is implemented in the form of a software function module and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
以上仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of this application shall be included in the protection scope of this application.
对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本申请不限于上述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本申请的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其它的具体形式实现本申请。因此，无论从哪一点来看，均应将实施例看作是示范性的，而且是非限制性的，本申请的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定，因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本申请内。不应将权利要求中的任何附图标记视为限制所涉及的权利要求。It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, and that the present application can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present application. Therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as illustrative and non-restrictive from any point of view, and the scope of the application is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is therefore intended that all claims falling within the claims All changes within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements are included in this application. Any reference signs in the claims shall not be construed as limiting the claim in question.
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