CN117239906A - Control system and method for backup power supply of power distribution and utilization terminal - Google Patents
Control system and method for backup power supply of power distribution and utilization terminal Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
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Abstract
The application relates to the field of power consumption information acquisition and discloses a control system and a method for a backup power supply of a power distribution terminal.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of power control and discloses a control system and method for a backup power supply of a power distribution and utilization terminal.
Background
Currently, more and more supercapacitors are applied to low-power short-time backup power supplies, particularly power distribution terminals, two backup power supply methods of the supercapacitors and the nickel-metal hydride batteries are integrated in the terminals, and two backup power supplies are adopted, so that even one type of the backup power supplies fails, the other type of the backup power supplies can work normally. Then, in the practical use process, a plurality of recessive problems are gradually highlighted, such as how to realize the priority discharge sequence of the discharge of the super capacitor and the nickel-hydrogen battery; how to effectively control the discharge of the super capacitor and prevent the back and forth switching of the discharge process; how to enable two backup power supplies of the super capacitor and the battery to be switched seamlessly; what is possible to achieve "1+1=2" using the two back-up methods. Based on this, it is important to design a control system and method for a backup power supply of a power distribution and utilization terminal, so as to improve the discharge management performance of the super capacitor, reduce the failure efficiency of the nickel-metal hydride battery, and avoid the negative effects caused by improper management circuit design, and most of the control methods in the market still include: an automatic switching control method and a remote control method, wherein the automatic switching control method realizes the automatic starting and stopping of the backup power supply by installing an automatic switching device. When the main power supply fails or the voltage is abnormal, the automatic switching device can automatically switch the power supply to the backup power supply, so that the normal operation of the power utilization information acquisition terminal is ensured; the remote control method realizes remote monitoring and control of the backup power supply through network connection. The user can monitor the power state and the load condition of the power consumption information acquisition terminal in real time through the mobile phone APP or the computer remote login system, and perform remote control, so that the convenience and the flexibility of control are improved.
For example, chinese patent application publication No. CN116031993a discloses a backup power management system and a backup power management method. The standby power management system comprises a power supply unit, a standby power supply unit, a system control unit and a power supply monitoring unit. The power supply unit supplies power to the electric equipment by using an external power supply. The backup power supply unit supplies power to the electric equipment when the power supply unit cannot supply power to the electric equipment. The power supply monitoring unit monitors the states of the power supply unit and the backup power supply unit to transmit the supplementary charging information to the system control unit for the system control unit to determine the supplementary charging strategy of the power supply unit to the backup power supply unit when the power supply unit can normally supply power and the residual electric quantity of the backup power supply unit is lower than a preset supplementary electric quantity threshold value. The system control unit determines a supplemental charging strategy based on a comparison of the external power supply load rate to a preset load rate threshold. The power supply monitoring unit receives the supplementary charging strategy from the system control unit and controls the power supply unit to carry out supplementary charging on the backup power supply unit according to the supplementary charging strategy.
Drawbacks exist in the above patents as follows: when the backup power supply is used as a power supply unit for supplying power to the system, the backup power supply cannot receive an accurate switching signal to be used as a substitute power supply unit for the first time; when the backup power supply is used as a main power supply unit after replacement, seamless switching of a circuit cannot be realized, and power consumption is overlarge during switching; accurate monitoring cannot be achieved on the voltage conditions of relevant important elements in the system.
Disclosure of Invention
This section is intended to outline some aspects of embodiments of the application and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section as well as in the description of the application and in the title of the application, which may not be used to limit the scope of the application.
In order to solve the technical problems, the main purpose of the application is as follows: the super capacitor in the backup power supply can be effectively controlled to discharge, so that the voltage fluctuation of the super capacitor caused by a load is avoided when a discharge loop of the super capacitor is opened and closed, and the back-and-forth switching of the discharge process is prevented. The voltage monitoring model of the super capacitor is established by adopting a neural convolution network to accurately monitor the voltage of the super capacitor, the voltage monitoring model of the super capacitor can be automatically optimized by establishing a monitoring optimizing model of the super capacitor, the voltage monitoring of the super capacitor can accurately set a threshold value to realize the preferential discharge of the super capacitor, the nickel-metal hydride battery is discharged, the advantages and disadvantages of two backup power supplies are fully utilized, and the seamless switching of the two backup power supplies is realized. And then the discharging loop of the nickel-metal hydride battery is closed at regular time through a software system, the battery leakage current is less than 5uA, and the service life of the battery is greatly prolonged.
The problems in the background technology can be effectively solved: when the backup power supply is used as a power supply unit for supplying power to the system, the backup power supply cannot receive an accurate switching signal to be used as a substitute power supply unit for the first time; when the backup power supply is used as a main power supply unit after replacement, seamless switching of a circuit cannot be realized, and power consumption is overlarge during switching; accurate monitoring cannot be achieved on the voltage conditions of relevant important elements in the system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the application provides a control system for a backup power supply of a power distribution and utilization terminal:
the backup power supply module comprises a super capacitor and a nickel-hydrogen battery;
the signal acquisition module comprises a voltage sensor for acquiring a voltage signal of the super capacitor;
the voltage monitoring module receives the collected super capacitor voltage signals, establishes a super capacitor voltage monitoring model, and establishes a super capacitor voltage monitoring optimization model to optimize the super capacitor voltage monitoring model;
the control circuit module is used for receiving real-time voltage output by the voltage monitoring model and accurately controlling the preferential discharge of the super capacitor through setting a threshold value, and discharging after the nickel-hydrogen battery;
the software control module comprises a module starting-up awakening module, an ultra-capacitor voltage monitoring model optimizing module and a discharging loop for closing the nickel-metal hydride battery at fixed time.
The control system for the backup power supply of the power distribution and utilization terminal adopts a preferable scheme, wherein:
the backup power module comprises a super capacitor for discharging firstly to provide electric energy for the electricity consumption information acquisition terminal and a nickel-hydrogen battery for discharging secondly to provide electric energy for the electricity consumption information acquisition terminal.
The control system for the backup power supply of the power distribution and utilization terminal adopts a preferable scheme, wherein:
and acquiring the voltage of the super capacitor in the backup power module in real time through the voltage sensor.
The control system for the backup power supply of the power distribution and utilization terminal adopts a preferable scheme, wherein:
the collected voltage of the super capacitor is used as basic data for establishing a super capacitor voltage monitoring model;
the super capacitor voltage monitoring model is used for reconstructing a voltage signal of the super capacitor by combining an iterative formula through feature extraction, establishing a voltage reconstruction matrix, establishing a super capacitor voltage monitoring model through the reconstruction matrix of the voltage signal of the super capacitor, and establishing a super capacitor voltage monitoring optimization model through the voltage signal of the super capacitor output by the super capacitor voltage monitoring model;
extracting characteristic parameters through basic data, and performing hierarchical analysis on real-time voltage signals of the super capacitor, wherein the characteristic parameter extraction expression is as follows:
；
wherein lambda is a feature parameter extraction function expression,the k voltage signal characteristic parameter of the super capacitor is i is a standard normal distribution function,/>The kth voltage signal of the super capacitor acquired by the voltage sensor, k is the ordinal number 1,2, 3;
the feature parameters are constrained by a constraint function, and the constraint function expression is as follows:
；
wherein, constraint function S.T (), k is ordinal number 1,2, 3;
reconstructing the voltage of the super capacitor after extracting the characteristic parameters, and establishing a voltage reconstruction matrix through an iterative formula, wherein the expression of the voltage reconstruction matrix is as follows:
；
wherein,electric signal iteration matrix for k+1th group super capacitor->An electrical signal iteration matrix for the kth set of super capacitors, k being ordinal number 1,2, 3;
the spectrum radius of the voltage reconstruction matrix of the super capacitor is defined through an asymptotic convergence rate function, and the expression of the asymptotic convergence rate function is as follows:
；
wherein,extracting expression output parameters for the voltage characteristics of the super capacitor by using the function name of the asymptotic convergence rate, wherein lambda is the ordinal number 1,2 and 3;
and establishing a voltage monitoring model of the super capacitor through a voltage reconstruction matrix of the super capacitor, wherein the expression is as follows:
；
wherein,the method comprises the steps that a matrix expression is reconstructed for the k+1th voltage of the super capacitor, gamma is a voltage signal characteristic parameter of the super capacitor, v is a voltage signal of the super capacitor collected by a voltage sensor, E is an identity matrix, n is an infinite value and represents an endpoint value, k is ordinal numbers 1,2 and 3, and i is ordinal numbers 1,2 and 3 of the voltage signal of the super capacitor of the i-th group;
the control system for the backup power supply of the power distribution and utilization terminal adopts a preferable scheme, wherein:
the super capacitor voltage monitoring optimization model extracts characteristic parameters of a voltage monitoring model of the super capacitor through autocorrelation, and the extracted characteristic parameters have the following expression:
；
wherein W is the voltage monitoring of the super capacitorThe characteristic parameter set of the test model, j is the output data of the voltage monitoring model of the super capacitor and is marked as the j group, k is the moment of cutting off the output data of the voltage monitoring model of the super capacitor and is marked as the k moment,the j-th group voltage value output at the moment of 0 of the voltage monitoring model of the super capacitor is +.>The j-th group voltage value output at moment k of the voltage monitoring model of the super capacitor is +.>The starting voltage of the super capacitor is set;
the method comprises the steps of monitoring sequence feature decomposition of a voltage monitoring model of the super capacitor, constructing an optimization model of the voltage monitoring model of the super capacitor, and obtaining a feature decomposition expression as follows:
；
wherein F (x) is a feature decomposition set,a first set of characteristic parameters of a voltage monitoring model of the super capacitor, wherein n is an ordinal number, 1,2,3 are taken.
And carrying out segmentation fusion processing through feature decomposition to obtain a feature distribution set, wherein the expression of the feature distribution set is as follows:
；
wherein,for the distribution set, F (t) is the feature decomposition set,>processing initial node for segment fusion,>for the segment fusion process end node +.>A node before the end node is processed for segment fusion;
and combining the voltage of the super capacitor output by the voltage monitoring model of the super capacitor with the distribution set to construct a voltage monitoring optimization model of the super capacitor.
The control system for the backup power supply of the power distribution and utilization terminal adopts a preferable scheme, wherein:
the control circuit module controls the discharge of the super capacitor and the closing discharge of the super capacitor by determining a threshold value;
and after the super capacitor is discharged, the nickel-hydrogen battery starts to discharge, namely, after the super capacitor is seamlessly switched to discharge, the nickel-hydrogen battery starts to discharge.
The control method for the backup power supply of the power distribution and utilization terminal comprises the following steps:
s1, a control circuit is electrified and started;
s2, setting thresholds through different backup power supply models, and controlling discharge of the super capacitor by combining a control circuit;
s3, collecting the voltage of the super capacitor in real time, and establishing a super capacitor voltage monitoring model;
s4, building a super capacitor voltage monitoring optimization model through a neural convolution network;
s5, controlling the super capacitor to discharge preferentially through a super capacitor voltage monitoring model and a control circuit, and discharging after the nickel-metal hydride battery;
s6, after discharging the nickel-metal hydride battery, waking up hardware to start, starting the timing closing module, and closing the nickel-metal hydride battery at fixed time.
As a preferable scheme of the control method of the backup power supply of the power distribution and utilization terminal, the application comprises the following steps:
and setting thresholds through different backup power models, controlling the discharge of the super capacitor by combining the control circuit, if the voltage of the super capacitor is greater than the set thresholds, starting the discharge of the super capacitor, and if the voltage of the super capacitor is less than or equal to the set thresholds, closing the discharge of the super capacitor.
As a preferable scheme of the control method of the backup power supply of the power distribution and utilization terminal, the application comprises the following steps:
the super capacitor voltage monitoring model is characterized in that the super capacitor voltage monitoring model is based on super capacitor voltage acquired in real time, characteristic parameters are extracted, a voltage reconstruction matrix of the super capacitor is established through the characteristic parameters, and the voltage monitoring model of the super capacitor is established through the voltage reconstruction matrix of the super capacitor.
As a preferable scheme of the control method of the backup power supply of the power distribution and utilization terminal, the application comprises the following steps:
and taking output data of the voltage monitoring model of the super capacitor as basic data, providing characteristic parameters, decomposing the characteristic parameters, establishing a characteristic distribution set, and finally establishing the voltage monitoring optimization model of the super capacitor by the characteristic distribution set.
As a preferable scheme of the control method of the backup power supply of the power distribution and utilization terminal, the application comprises the following steps:
the voltage of the super capacitor is accurately output through the voltage monitoring model of the super capacitor, the voltage monitoring chip is combined with a set threshold value, the super capacitor is controlled to discharge and close to discharge, if the voltage of the super capacitor is larger than the set threshold value, the super capacitor is discharged preferentially, the nickel-metal hydride battery is discharged afterwards, and if the voltage of the super capacitor is smaller than or equal to the set threshold value, the super capacitor and the nickel-metal hydride battery are not discharged.
A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed, implements a method of controlling a backup power source of a power distribution terminal.
An electronic device comprising, a memory for storing instructions; and the processor is used for executing the instructions to enable the equipment to execute a control method for realizing the backup power supply of the power distribution and utilization terminal.
The application has the beneficial effects that:
the super capacitor can be effectively controlled to discharge, so that voltage fluctuation of the super capacitor caused by a load is avoided when a discharge loop of the super capacitor is opened and closed, and the back and forth switching of the discharge process is prevented;
the super capacitor is accurately monitored by voltage, the super capacitor is discharged firstly, and the nickel-metal hydride battery is discharged later, so that the advantages and disadvantages of the two backup power supplies are fully utilized, and the seamless switching of the two backup power supplies is realized;
the discharge loop of the nickel-metal hydride battery is closed at regular time, the battery leakage current is less than 5uA, and the service life of the battery is greatly prolonged;
the voltage of the super capacitor in the backup power supply module is monitored in real time, and the switching accuracy and the intellectualization of the backup power supply module are accurately controlled.
The problem that when the backup power supply is used as a power supply unit to supply power to a system, the backup power supply cannot receive an accurate switching signal to be used as a substitute power supply unit for the first time is solved; when the backup power supply is used as a main power supply unit after replacement, seamless switching of a circuit cannot be realized, and power consumption is overlarge during switching; accurate monitoring cannot be realized on the voltage conditions of relevant important elements in the system, and the monitoring backup power supply lacks intellectualization and automation.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a control system for a backup power supply of a power distribution terminal according to the present application;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for controlling a backup power supply of a power distribution terminal according to the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a discharge control circuit of a super capacitor of a transistor Schmitt trigger in a control system for a backup power supply of a power distribution terminal according to the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a switching circuit between a super capacitor and a battery in a control system for a backup power supply of a power distribution terminal according to the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a part of a boost circuit of a super capacitor in a control system for a backup power supply of a power distribution terminal according to the present application.
Detailed Description
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present application will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the application will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, but the present application may be practiced in other ways other than those described herein, and persons skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Further, reference herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic can be included in at least one implementation of the application. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
Further, in describing the embodiments of the present application in detail, the cross-sectional view of the device structure is not partially enlarged to a general scale for convenience of description, and the schematic is only an example, which should not limit the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included in actual fabrication.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a control system for a backup power supply of a power distribution terminal includes: the backup power supply module comprises a super capacitor and a nickel-hydrogen battery;
the signal acquisition module comprises a voltage sensor for acquiring a voltage signal of the super capacitor;
the voltage monitoring module receives the collected super capacitor voltage signals, establishes a super capacitor voltage monitoring model, and establishes a super capacitor voltage monitoring optimization model to optimize the super capacitor voltage monitoring model;
the control circuit module is used for receiving real-time voltage output by the voltage monitoring model and accurately controlling the preferential discharge of the super capacitor through setting a threshold value, and discharging after the nickel-hydrogen battery;
the software control module comprises a module startup awakening unit, an optimized super capacitor voltage monitoring model and a discharge loop for closing the nickel-metal hydride battery at regular time.
The backup power supply module comprises a super capacitor for discharging firstly to provide electric energy for the electricity consumption information acquisition terminal and a nickel-hydrogen battery for discharging secondly to provide electric energy for the electricity consumption information acquisition terminal.
The method comprises the steps of collecting the voltage of a super capacitor in a backup power module in real time through a voltage sensor, taking the voltage of the super capacitor as basic data for establishing a super capacitor voltage monitoring model, reconstructing a voltage signal of the super capacitor through feature extraction and combining an iteration formula, establishing a voltage reconstruction matrix, and establishing the super capacitor voltage monitoring model through the reconstruction matrix of the voltage signal of the super capacitor.
Extracting characteristic parameters through basic data, and performing hierarchical analysis on real-time voltage signals of the super capacitor, wherein the characteristic parameter extraction expression is as follows:
；
wherein lambda is a feature parameter extraction function expression,the k voltage signal characteristic parameter of the super capacitor is i is a standard normal distribution function,/>The kth voltage signal of the super capacitor acquired by the voltage sensor, k is the ordinal number 1,2, 3;
the feature parameters are constrained by a constraint function, and the constraint function expression is as follows:
；
wherein the constraint function S.T () should be constant at 1;
reconstructing the voltage of the super capacitor after extracting the characteristic parameters, and establishing a voltage reconstruction matrix through an iterative formula, wherein the expression of the voltage reconstruction matrix is as follows:
；
wherein,electric signal iteration matrix for k+1th group super capacitor->An electric signal iteration matrix of the kth group of super capacitors is adopted, and k is an ordinal number;
the spectrum radius of the voltage reconstruction matrix of the super capacitor is defined through an asymptotic convergence rate function, and the expression of the asymptotic convergence rate function is as follows:
；
wherein,extracting expression output parameters for the voltage characteristics of the super capacitor by using the function name of the asymptotic convergence rate, wherein lambda is the ordinal number 1,2 and 3;
and establishing a voltage monitoring model of the super capacitor through a voltage reconstruction matrix of the super capacitor, wherein the expression is as follows:
；
wherein,the method is characterized in that a k+1th voltage reconstruction matrix expression of the voltage of the super capacitor is adopted, gamma is a voltage signal characteristic parameter of the super capacitor, v is a voltage signal of the super capacitor collected by a voltage sensor, E is a unit matrix, n is an infinite value to represent an endpoint value, k is ordinal numbers 1,2 and 3, and i is a voltage signal of the super capacitor of an ith groupNumber ordinal numbers 1,2,3.
Further, a super capacitor voltage monitoring optimization model is built through a super capacitor voltage signal output by the super capacitor voltage monitoring model;
the super capacitor voltage monitoring optimization model extracts characteristic parameters of the super capacitor voltage monitoring model through autocorrelation, and the extracted characteristic parameters have the following expression:
；
wherein W is a characteristic parameter set of the voltage monitoring model of the super capacitor, j is the output data of the voltage monitoring model of the super capacitor and is marked as the j group, k is the moment of cutting off the output data of the voltage monitoring model of the super capacitor and is marked as the k moment,the j-th group voltage value output at the moment of 0 of the voltage monitoring model of the super capacitor is +.>The j-th group voltage value output at moment k of the voltage monitoring model of the super capacitor is +.>The starting voltage of the super capacitor is set;
the method comprises the steps of monitoring sequence feature decomposition of a voltage monitoring model of the super capacitor, constructing an optimization model of the voltage monitoring model of the super capacitor, and obtaining a feature decomposition expression as follows:
；
wherein F (x) is a feature decomposition set,a first set of characteristic parameters of a voltage monitoring model of the super capacitor, wherein n is an ordinal number, 1,2,3 are taken.
And carrying out segmentation fusion processing through feature decomposition to obtain a feature distribution set, wherein the expression of the feature distribution set is as follows:
；
wherein,for the distribution set, F (t) is the feature decomposition set,>processing initial node for segment fusion,>for the segment fusion process end node +.>A node before the end node is processed for segment fusion;
and combining the voltage of the super capacitor output by the voltage monitoring model of the super capacitor with the distribution set to construct a voltage monitoring optimization model of the super capacitor.
The control circuit controls the discharge of the super capacitor and the closing discharge of the super capacitor by determining a threshold value;
after the super capacitor is discharged, the nickel-hydrogen battery is discharged, and the standby power supply is switched seamlessly.
In the super capacitor discharge control circuit of the transistor schmitt trigger, as shown in fig. 3, VCAP is the output voltage of the super capacitor, the power enable control circuit is designed by adopting the schmitt trigger consisting of transistors, and V1 and V2 form the transistor schmitt trigger circuit. When the triode super capacitor voltage VCAP is at a low level, V1 is cut off, V2 is conducted, the output VCAP_EN voltage of the Schmidt trigger is at a low level, V3 is closed, V3 is at a high level, Q1 is closed, and VCAP_OUT is at a low level, and the super capacitor is not discharged. Otherwise, when VCAP is high, the voltage of VCAP_EN output by the Schmitt trigger is high, V3 is opened, and the voltage of VCAP_OUT output is low, so that the super capacitor discharges. However, since the resistor R1 is larger than R2, the current flowing through the resistor R3 when V2 is ON is larger than the current flowing through R3 when V1 is OFF, so that the power supply vcap_on > vcap_off of the super capacitor discharge loop is turned ON and OFF, and the super capacitor is turned ON and OFF with a certain threshold, thereby realizing the transistor schmitt trigger power supply enabling control circuit. In addition, the input voltage of the base electrode of the V1 can be properly adjusted by dividing the voltage of Ra and Rb by the VCAP, and the two threshold voltages of VCAP_ON and VCAP_OFF of the VCAP can be adjusted according to actual requirements. Since the power supply VCAP_ON > VCAP_OFF which is turned ON and OFF, the back and forth switching of the discharging process does not occur even if the super capacitor fluctuates in voltage due to the load after power failure.
As shown in fig. 4, in the switching circuit of the super capacitor and the battery, VCAP is the output voltage of the super capacitor, and BAT is the output voltage of the nickel metal hydride battery. When the voltage of the super capacitor voltage VCAP is larger than 3V, the D2 outputs a high level, at the moment, the V6 is turned on, the V7 is cut off, the V7 outputs a high level, the MOS tube Q2 is turned off, and the battery BAT discharging loop is turned off. Conversely, when the supercapacitor voltage is below 3V, Q2 turns on and the battery BAT discharge loop turns on. By the mode, seamless switching of the super capacitor and the battery is completely realized. Meanwhile, the key_EN is output by the wake-up KEY, when the KEY is pressed, the key_EN outputs a high level, at the moment, V7 is conducted, V7 outputs a low level, and Q3 is conducted, so that the wake-up of the battery is realized. BAT_EN is the control output of the backup power supply software enabling, normal BAT_EN outputs a high level, provides a conducting voltage for a triode V7, when the software designs the backup power supply to work, BAT_EN outputs a low level, V7 is turned off at the moment, V7 outputs a high level, Q2 is turned off, a battery discharging loop is turned off, the enabling control of the backup battery is automatically carried out through the software, the nickel-metal hydride battery discharging loop can be completely turned off, battery leakage is prevented, and the service life of the battery is greatly prolonged.
As shown in FIG. 5, the super capacitor boost output circuit, D1 is a voltage monitoring chip, Q2 is a MOS transistor, V4 and V5 are diodes, and V6 and V7 are triodes. The other is a resistor, and the dynamic range of the working voltage of the DCDC boosting chip is 2.6V-5.5V. By designing the parameters in fig. 3, the super capacitor discharge opening voltage vcap_on=3.2v, closing voltage vcap_off=2.7v, the monitoring voltage value of the voltage monitoring chip D1 is 3V, and the voltage dynamic range of the DCDC boost chip is 2.6V-5.5V, so that the super capacitor discharge loop can be effectively and accurately controlled.
Example two
As shown in fig. 2, a method for controlling a backup power supply of a power distribution terminal includes:
s1, a control circuit is electrified and started;
s2, setting thresholds through different backup power supply models, and controlling discharge of the super capacitor by combining a control circuit; if the voltage of the super capacitor is larger than the set threshold value, the super capacitor starts to discharge, and if the voltage of the super capacitor is smaller than the set threshold value, the super capacitor shuts off the discharge.
And S3, collecting the voltage of the super capacitor in real time, taking the collected voltage of the super capacitor in real time as basic data, extracting characteristic parameters, establishing a voltage reconstruction matrix of the super capacitor through the characteristic parameters, and establishing a voltage monitoring model of the super capacitor through the voltage reconstruction matrix of the super capacitor.
S4, outputting the voltage of the super capacitor in real time through the super capacitor voltage monitoring model, and establishing a super capacitor voltage monitoring optimization model through a neural convolution network to realize real-time optimization of the super capacitor voltage monitoring model;
s5, controlling the super capacitor to discharge preferentially through a super capacitor voltage monitoring model and a control circuit, and discharging after the nickel-metal hydride battery;
further, the accurate voltage of the super capacitor is output through the voltage monitoring model of the super capacitor, the voltage monitoring chip is combined with a set threshold value to control the super capacitor to discharge and close to discharge, if the voltage of the super capacitor is larger than the set threshold value, the super capacitor is discharged preferentially, the nickel-metal hydride battery is discharged afterwards, and if the voltage of the super capacitor is smaller than the set threshold value, the super capacitor and the nickel-metal hydride battery are not discharged.
S6, after discharging the nickel-metal hydride battery, waking up hardware to start, starting the timing closing module, and closing the nickel-metal hydride battery at fixed time.
Example III
An electronic device comprising, a memory for storing instructions; and the processor is used for executing the instructions to enable the equipment to execute a control method for realizing the backup power supply of the power distribution and utilization terminal.
Example IV
A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed, implements a method of controlling a backup power source of a power distribution terminal.
The implementation of the embodiment can be realized: the super capacitor in the backup power supply can be effectively controlled to discharge, so that the voltage fluctuation of the super capacitor caused by a load is avoided when a discharge loop of the super capacitor is opened and closed, and the back-and-forth switching of the discharge process is prevented. The voltage monitoring model of the super capacitor is established by adopting a neural convolution network to accurately monitor the voltage of the super capacitor, the voltage monitoring model of the super capacitor can be automatically optimized by establishing a monitoring optimizing model of the super capacitor, the voltage monitoring of the super capacitor can accurately set a threshold value to realize the preferential discharge of the super capacitor, the nickel-metal hydride battery is discharged, the advantages and disadvantages of two backup power supplies are fully utilized, and the seamless switching of the two backup power supplies is realized. And then the discharging loop of the nickel-metal hydride battery is closed at regular time through a software system, the battery leakage current is less than 5uA, and the service life of the battery is greatly prolonged.
It is important to note that the construction and arrangement of the application as shown in the various exemplary embodiments is illustrative only. Although only two embodiments have been described in detail in this disclosure, those skilled in the art who review this disclosure will readily appreciate that many modifications are possible, for example, variations in sizes, dimensions, structures, shapes and proportions of the various elements, values of parameters (e.g., temperature, pressure, etc.), mounting arrangements, use of materials, colors, orientations, etc., without materially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in this application. For example, elements shown as integrally formed may be constructed of multiple parts or elements, the position of elements may be reversed or otherwise varied, and the nature or number of discrete elements or positions may be altered or varied. Accordingly, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of present application. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be varied or re-sequenced according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any means-plus-function clause is intended to cover the structures described herein as performing the function and not only structural equivalents but also equivalent structures. Other substitutions, modifications, changes and omissions may be made in the design, operating conditions and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the present applications. Therefore, the application is not limited to the specific embodiments, but extends to various modifications that nevertheless fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Furthermore, in an effort to provide a concise description of the exemplary embodiments, all features of an actual implementation may not be described (i.e., those not associated with the best mode presently contemplated for carrying out the application, or those not associated with practicing the application).
It should be appreciated that in the development of any such actual implementation, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions may be made. Such a development effort might be complex and time consuming, but would nevertheless be a routine undertaking of design, fabrication, and manufacture for those of ordinary skill having the benefit of this disclosure.
It should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application and not for limiting the same, and although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution of the present application may be modified or substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present application, which is intended to be covered in the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (13)
1. A control system for a backup power supply of a power distribution terminal is characterized in that: comprising the steps of (a) a step of,
the backup power supply module comprises a super capacitor and a nickel-hydrogen battery;
the signal acquisition module comprises a voltage sensor for acquiring a voltage signal of the super capacitor;
the voltage monitoring module receives the collected super capacitor voltage signals, establishes a super capacitor voltage monitoring model, and establishes a super capacitor voltage monitoring optimization model to optimize the super capacitor voltage monitoring model;
the control circuit module is used for receiving real-time voltage output by the voltage monitoring model and accurately controlling the preferential discharge of the super capacitor through setting a threshold value, and discharging after the nickel-hydrogen battery;
the software control module comprises a module starting-up awakening module, an ultra-capacitor voltage monitoring model optimizing module and a discharging loop for closing the nickel-metal hydride battery at fixed time.
2. The control system for a backup power source of a power distribution terminal according to claim 1, wherein:
the backup power module comprises a super capacitor for discharging firstly to provide electric energy for the electricity consumption information acquisition terminal and a nickel-hydrogen battery for discharging secondly to provide electric energy for the electricity consumption information acquisition terminal.
3. The control system for a backup power supply of a power distribution terminal according to claim 2, wherein:
and acquiring the voltage of the super capacitor in the backup power module in real time through the voltage sensor.
4. A control system for a backup power source of a power distribution terminal according to claim 3, wherein:
the collected voltage of the super capacitor is used as basic data for establishing a super capacitor voltage monitoring model;
the super capacitor voltage monitoring model is used for reconstructing a voltage signal of the super capacitor by combining an iterative formula through feature extraction, establishing a voltage reconstruction matrix, establishing a super capacitor voltage monitoring model through the reconstruction matrix of the voltage signal of the super capacitor, and establishing a super capacitor voltage monitoring optimization model through the voltage signal of the super capacitor output by the super capacitor voltage monitoring model;
extracting characteristic parameters through basic data, and performing hierarchical analysis on real-time voltage signals of the super capacitor, wherein the characteristic parameter extraction expression is as follows:
；
wherein lambda is a feature parameter extraction function expression,the k voltage signal characteristic parameter of the super capacitor is i is a standard normal distribution function,/>The kth voltage signal of the super capacitor acquired by the voltage sensor, k is the ordinal number 1,2, 3;
the feature parameters are constrained by a constraint function, and the constraint function expression is as follows:
；
wherein, constraint function S.T (), k is ordinal number 1,2, 3;
reconstructing the voltage of the super capacitor after extracting the characteristic parameters, and establishing a voltage reconstruction matrix through an iterative formula, wherein the expression of the voltage reconstruction matrix is as follows:
；
wherein,electric signal iteration matrix for k+1th group super capacitor->An electrical signal iteration matrix for the kth set of super capacitors, k being ordinal number 1,2, 3;
the spectrum radius of the voltage reconstruction matrix of the super capacitor is defined through an asymptotic convergence rate function, and the expression of the asymptotic convergence rate function is as follows:
；
wherein,extracting expression output parameters for the voltage characteristics of the super capacitor by using the function name of the asymptotic convergence rate, wherein lambda is the ordinal number 1,2 and 3;
and establishing a voltage monitoring model of the super capacitor through a voltage reconstruction matrix of the super capacitor, wherein the expression is as follows:
；
wherein,the method comprises the steps that a matrix expression is reconstructed for the k+1th voltage of the super capacitor, gamma is a voltage signal characteristic parameter of the super capacitor, v is a voltage signal of the super capacitor collected by a voltage sensor, E is an identity matrix, n is an infinite value and represents an endpoint value, k is ordinal numbers 1,2 and 3, and i is ordinal numbers 1,2 and 3 of the voltage signal of the super capacitor of the i-th group.
5. The control system for a backup power source of a power distribution terminal according to claim 4, wherein:
the super capacitor voltage monitoring optimization model extracts characteristic parameters of a voltage monitoring model of the super capacitor through autocorrelation, and the extracted characteristic parameters have the following expression:
；
wherein W is a characteristic parameter set of a voltage monitoring model of the super capacitor, j is output data of the voltage monitoring model of the super capacitor and is recorded as a j group, and k is output data of the voltage monitoring model of the cut-off super capacitorThe moment of time is denoted as the kth moment,the j-th group voltage value output at the moment of 0 of the voltage monitoring model of the super capacitor is +.>The j-th group voltage value output at moment k of the voltage monitoring model of the super capacitor is +.>The starting voltage of the super capacitor is set;
the method comprises the steps of monitoring sequence feature decomposition of a voltage monitoring model of the super capacitor, constructing an optimization model of the voltage monitoring model of the super capacitor, and obtaining a feature decomposition expression as follows:
；
wherein F (x) is a feature decomposition set,a first set of characteristic parameters of a voltage monitoring model of the super capacitor, wherein n is an ordinal number, 1,2,3 are taken.
And carrying out segmentation fusion processing through feature decomposition to obtain a feature distribution set, wherein the expression of the feature distribution set is as follows:
；
wherein,for the distribution set, F (t) is the feature decomposition set,>processing initial node for segment fusion,>for the segment fusion process end node +.>A node before the end node is processed for segment fusion;
and combining the voltage of the super capacitor output by the voltage monitoring model of the super capacitor with the distribution set to construct a voltage monitoring optimization model of the super capacitor.
6. The control system for a backup power source of a power distribution terminal according to claim 1, wherein:
the control circuit module controls the discharge of the super capacitor and the closing discharge of the super capacitor by determining a threshold value;
and after the super capacitor is discharged, the nickel-hydrogen battery starts to discharge, namely, after the super capacitor is seamlessly switched to discharge, the nickel-hydrogen battery starts to discharge.
7. A method for controlling a backup power supply of a power distribution terminal, which is implemented based on the control system of the backup power supply of the power distribution terminal according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: the method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, a control circuit is electrified and started;
s2, setting thresholds through different backup power supply models, and controlling discharge of the super capacitor by combining a control circuit;
s3, collecting the voltage of the super capacitor in real time, and establishing a super capacitor voltage monitoring model;
s4, building a super capacitor voltage monitoring optimization model through a neural convolution network;
s5, controlling the super capacitor to discharge preferentially through a super capacitor voltage monitoring model and a control circuit, and discharging after the nickel-metal hydride battery;
s6, after discharging the nickel-metal hydride battery, waking up hardware to start, starting the timing closing module, and closing the nickel-metal hydride battery at fixed time.
8. The method for controlling the backup power supply of the power distribution terminal according to claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
and setting thresholds through different backup power models, controlling the discharge of the super capacitor by combining the control circuit, starting the discharge of the super capacitor if the voltage of the super capacitor is greater than the set thresholds, and closing the discharge of the super capacitor if the voltage of the super capacitor is less than or equal to the set thresholds.
9. The method for controlling the backup power supply of the power distribution terminal according to claim 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the super capacitor voltage monitoring model is characterized in that the super capacitor voltage monitoring model is based on super capacitor voltage acquired in real time, characteristic parameters are extracted, a voltage reconstruction matrix of the super capacitor is established through the characteristic parameters, and the voltage monitoring model of the super capacitor is established through the voltage reconstruction matrix of the super capacitor.
10. The method for controlling the backup power supply of the power distribution terminal according to claim 9, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
and taking output data of the voltage monitoring model of the super capacitor as basic data, providing characteristic parameters, decomposing the characteristic parameters, establishing a characteristic distribution set, and finally establishing the voltage monitoring optimization model of the super capacitor by the characteristic distribution set.
11. The method for controlling the backup power supply of the power distribution terminal according to claim 10, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
and outputting the voltage of the super capacitor through a voltage monitoring model of the super capacitor, setting a threshold value by combining with a voltage monitoring chip, controlling the super capacitor to discharge and close to discharge, if the voltage of the super capacitor is larger than the set threshold value, discharging the super capacitor preferentially, and discharging the nickel-metal hydride battery later, and if the voltage of the super capacitor is smaller than or equal to the set threshold value, neither the super capacitor nor the nickel-metal hydride battery is discharged.
12. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the computer program, when executed, implements a method for controlling a backup power supply of a power distribution terminal as claimed in claim 7.
13. An electronic device, comprising:
a memory for storing instructions;
and the processor is used for executing the instructions to enable the equipment to execute the control method for realizing the backup power supply of the power distribution terminal according to claim 7.
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| CN106549478A (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2017-03-29 | 上海工程技术大学 | A kind of solar powered power supply |
| CN214799020U (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2021-11-19 | 郑州天迈科技股份有限公司 | Vehicle-mounted terminal dual-standby power supply system |
| CN116846085A (en) * | 2023-09-04 | 2023-10-03 | 山西绿柳科技有限公司 | Self-sensing monitoring intelligent distribution box control system |
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| CN106549478A (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2017-03-29 | 上海工程技术大学 | A kind of solar powered power supply |
| CN214799020U (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2021-11-19 | 郑州天迈科技股份有限公司 | Vehicle-mounted terminal dual-standby power supply system |
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