CN117239771A - Flexible load scheduling method and system in comprehensive energy system - Google Patents
Flexible load scheduling method and system in comprehensive energy system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a load flexible scheduling method and a system in a comprehensive energy system, which are characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: step 1, acquiring deployment scale parameters of the comprehensive energy system in a business park, so as to construct a scheduling basic model of the comprehensive energy system; and 2, solving the scheduling basic model by utilizing a mixed integer linear programming algorithm based on the electric power balance parameters of the upper power grid, so as to generate a load flexible scheduling strategy in the comprehensive energy system. The invention is effective and reliable, the flexible scheduling strategy of the load not only fully considers the coupling relation between different resource types and different functional modes in the multi-energy system, but also greatly reduces the risk of cascading accidents of the system and ensures the operation of the system with low cost, thereby providing fine scheduling regulation and control based on the load side, and being beneficial to the large-scale access and full utilization of renewable and distributed energy sources.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of comprehensive energy systems, in particular to a load flexible scheduling method and system in a comprehensive energy system.
Background
The comprehensive energy system is an integrated energy production, supply and marketing system formed by organically coordinating and optimizing links such as energy production, transmission, distribution, conversion, storage, consumption and the like in the processes of planning, construction, operation and the like, and is a physical carrier of the energy Internet. The system mainly comprises an energy supply network, such as a power supply network, a gas supply network, a cold/heat supply network and the like, an energy exchange link, such as a CCHP unit, a generator unit, a boiler, an air conditioner, a heat pump and the like, an energy storage link, such as electricity storage, gas storage, heat storage, cold storage and the like, a terminal comprehensive energy supply unit, such as a micro-grid, and a large number of terminal users.
The comprehensive energy system has the advantages that the complementary advantages of different energy types can be considered in the planning and running of the system, and physical support is provided for efficient and flexible energy transaction, so that the energy efficiency can be improved, and the energy cost can be reduced. On the other hand, the integrated energy system also contributes to large-scale access and efficient utilization of renewable distributed energy.
In order to ensure reasonable coupling and mutual support of various energy sources in the comprehensive energy system, the scheduling problem of the comprehensive energy system needs to be solved. At present, the scheduling of the comprehensive energy system usually only considers the operation cost, and not only lacks attention to environmental problems, but also does not consider the advantage of flexible load to participate in the optimal scheduling. Furthermore, at the level of a commercial park, a refined dispatching mode still cannot be developed, and the occurrence risk of cascade accidents in the comprehensive energy system is high.
Further, the integrated energy system needs to be improved gradually in enhancing the safety and reliability of the system and coping with emergency. However, the construction of a strongly coupled multi-energy system increases the risk of occurrence of cascading accidents of the system while achieving independent supply of energy at low cost.
In view of the foregoing, there is a need for a flexible load scheduling method, system, terminal, and computer-readable storage medium in an integrated energy system.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a load flexible scheduling method, a system, a terminal and a computer readable storage medium in a comprehensive energy system, wherein a scheduling basic model is constructed by collecting deployment scale parameters of the comprehensive energy system in a business park, and a mixed integer linear programming algorithm is utilized to solve the model, so that an accurate and reliable load flexible scheduling strategy is obtained.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme.
The invention relates to a load flexible scheduling method in an integrated energy system, which comprises the following steps: step 1, acquiring deployment scale parameters of a comprehensive energy system in a commercial park, so as to construct a scheduling basic model of the comprehensive energy system; and 2, solving the scheduling basic model by utilizing a mixed integer linear programming algorithm based on the electric power balance parameters of the upper power grid, so as to generate a load flexible scheduling strategy in the comprehensive energy system.
Preferably, the integrated energy system at least comprises a CCHP unit, a ground source heat pump unit, an electric vehicle charging station, a photovoltaic generator unit and a battery energy storage unit which are deployed in a commercial park, and an upper-level grid-connected point for realizing electric energy interaction with the commercial park.
Preferably, the deployment scale parameters include at least: the quantity of gas turbines deployed in the CCHP unit, the quantity of generated energy under the unit consumption of gas turbines, the quantity of the absorption type lithium bromide unit, the heat supply quantity or cold supply quantity under the unit consumption of the absorption type lithium bromide unit, the water storage capacity of the water energy storage unit and the thermoelectric conversion efficiency; the rated power of the ground source heat pump unit and the heat supply quantity under unit power consumption; charging and discharging power of the electric vehicle charging station; generating predicted power of the photovoltaic generator set; the energy storage capacity, the charge and discharge power of the battery energy storage; the power supply capacity of the upper grid connection point.
Preferably, the scheduling basic model comprises an electric power balance model and a thermal power balance model of the comprehensive energy system; wherein, the electric power balance is the balance between the load electricity consumption of the commercial park and the electricity generation of the comprehensive energy system; the thermal power balance model is the balance of heat consumption and heat supply in a commercial park, and the balance of cold consumption and cold supply.
Preferably, in the scheduling basis model, any one of the CCHP unit, the ground source heat pump unit, the electric vehicle charging station, the photovoltaic device and the battery energy storage in the integrated energy system should satisfy the energy storage constraint condition and the heat storage constraint condition thereof.
Preferably, the power balance parameter of the upper power grid is calculated according to the real-time power supply capacity of the upper power grid; when the real-time power supply capacity of the upper power grid is low, the value of the electric power balance parameter is high; when the real-time power supply capacity of the upper power grid is higher, the value of the power balance parameter is lower.
Preferably, the solving the scheduling base model by using a mixed integer linear programming algorithm further comprises: respectively planning a first index, a second index and a third index, and taking the minimum sum of the first index to the third index as a planning target to realize the solution of a mixed integer linear programming algorithm; the first index is the sum of the resource consumption of the upper power grid connection point and the original resource consumption of the CCHP unit; the second index is an environmental compensation factor of the comprehensive energy system; and the third index is the demand response compensation of the comprehensive energy system.
Preferably, the calculation formula of the environmental compensation factor is:
Wherein C is t To compensate parameters in real time E a Carbon quota for commercial park, ε r,e The carbon emission coefficient epsilon of the unit electric quantity of the upper power grid r,h Is the carbon emission coefficient of the unit heat quantity of the CCHP unit,for the electricity quantity obtained by the business park from the upper power grid point in the t period, +.>For the output power of CCHP unit in t period, < >>Is the electric heating conversion coefficient of the CCHP unit, < ->And T is the duration of the parameters adopted by the mixed integer linear programming algorithm in a single calculation process for the energy of the absorption lithium bromide unit.
Preferably, the carbon emission coefficient of the unit heat of the CCHP unit and the electric heating conversion coefficient of the CCHP unit are calculated based on the deployment scale parameters.
Preferably, the demand response compensation includes a translatable load demand response compensation F tran Load-reducible demand response compensation F cut 。
Preferably, in the load flexible scheduling strategy in the integrated energy system, if the electric power balance parameter of the upper power grid is smaller than a first preset threshold, the CCHP unit in the integrated energy system is configured to be in an energy-saving running state, and the ground source heat pump unit and the photovoltaic generator unit are configured to be in a shutdown state; and, the generated energy of the CCHP unit is used for the energy storage of the water energy storage unit.
Preferably, in the load flexible scheduling strategy in the integrated energy system, if the electric power balance parameter of the upper power grid is greater than a first preset threshold, the CCHP unit in the integrated energy system is configured to be in a normal running state, and the ground source heat pump unit is configured to be in an energy supply state.
Preferably, in the load flexible scheduling strategy in the comprehensive energy system, if the electric power balance parameter of the upper power grid is greater than a second preset threshold, the upper power grid-connected point is interrupted to supply power to the comprehensive energy system; and if the electric power balance parameter of the upper power grid is smaller than a second preset threshold, the battery energy storage selectively participates in energy storage, and if the electric power balance parameter of the upper power grid is larger than the second preset threshold, the battery energy storage participates in energy supply.
Preferably, the construction of a solver in the mixed integer linear programming algorithm is realized by adopting the python language, and the load flexible scheduling strategy is solved.
The second aspect of the invention relates to a load flexible scheduling system in an integrated energy system, the system being adapted to implement the steps of the method of the first aspect of the invention; the system comprises a construction module and a strategy module; the construction module is used for collecting deployment scale parameters of the comprehensive energy system in the commercial park so as to construct a dispatching base model of the comprehensive energy system; and the strategy module is used for solving the scheduling basic model by utilizing a mixed integer linear programming algorithm based on the electric power balance parameters of the upper power grid, so as to generate a load flexible scheduling strategy in the comprehensive energy system.
A third aspect of the present invention relates to a terminal, comprising a processor and a storage medium; the storage medium is used for storing instructions; the processor is operative according to instructions to perform steps of the method according to the first aspect of the present invention.
The fourth aspect of the present invention relates to a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which when executed by a processor performs the steps of the method of the first aspect of the present invention.
Compared with the prior art, the load flexible scheduling method, the system, the terminal and the computer readable storage medium in the comprehensive energy system have the advantages that a scheduling basic model is constructed by collecting deployment scale parameters of the comprehensive energy system in a business park, and the model is solved by utilizing a mixed integer linear programming algorithm, so that an accurate and reliable load flexible scheduling strategy is obtained. The invention is effective and reliable, the flexible scheduling strategy of the load not only fully considers the coupling relation between different resource types and different functional modes in the multi-energy system, but also greatly reduces the risk of cascading accidents of the system and ensures the operation of the system with low cost, thereby providing fine scheduling regulation and control based on the load side, and being beneficial to the large-scale access and full utilization of renewable and distributed energy sources.
The beneficial effects of the invention also include:
1. the method adjusts the deployment scale parameters according to the actual scale of the comprehensive energy system in various application environments such as a business park and the like so as to judge and know the actual situation of the comprehensive energy system conveniently, thereby realizing more effective dispatching. Furthermore, the method adopted by the invention does not limit the types, the operation principles and the efficiency of various units or devices in the comprehensive energy system, but describes the coupling mode between various energy sources and the association mode of energy supply and demand through deployment scale parameters, thereby ensuring the compatibility and the future extensibility of the method.
2. The method considers heat energy balance and electric energy balance simultaneously, ensures electric energy balance on the premise of heat energy balance, and realizes the participation of new energy equipment in the comprehensive energy system to the maximum extent through comprehensive scheduling and adjustment, ensures the support of various loads in a park, and simultaneously realizes full energy conservation and emission reduction.
3. When the method determines the energy supply priority level, three indexes of resource consumption, environment compensation factors and demand response cost are comprehensively considered, so that the calculation result of the method can be more suitable for the actual power grid, the effectiveness of the energy complementation and comprehensive scheduling process is ensured, and the accuracy and the effectiveness of the calculation result are ensured. In addition, the method also considers the influence of a carbon transaction mechanism and a flexible load aiming at the comprehensive energy system of the commercial park, and improves the low carbon property and the economical efficiency of the comprehensive energy system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of steps of a flexible load scheduling method in an integrated energy system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a predicted curve of thermal load, electrical load and photovoltaic generator set in a load flexible scheduling strategy in a load flexible scheduling method in an integrated energy system;
FIG. 3 is a solution result of a thermal power balance model in a load flexible scheduling strategy in a load flexible scheduling method in an integrated energy system;
FIG. 4 is a solution result of an electric power balance model in a load flexible scheduling strategy in a load flexible scheduling method in an integrated energy system;
fig. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a flexible load dispatching system in the integrated energy system.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The described embodiments of the invention are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments of the invention not described herein, which are obtained from the embodiments described herein, should be within the scope of the invention by those of ordinary skill in the art without undue effort based on the spirit of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of steps of a flexible load scheduling method in an integrated energy system according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the first aspect of the present invention relates to a load flexible scheduling method in an integrated energy system, and the method includes steps 1 to 2.
And step 1, acquiring deployment scale parameters of the comprehensive energy system in the commercial park, so as to construct a dispatching base model of the comprehensive energy system.
In the invention, the comprehensive energy system is deployed according to local conditions by considering the different commercial parks and considering various comprehensive factors such as the geographic position, the environmental protection requirement, the occupied area, the load supporting capability and the like of the commercial parks. Thus, the integrated energy system deployed in any one commercial campus will have its unique features. On the premise, the dispatching of the comprehensive energy system should realize a more refined dispatching process according to the deployment scale parameters of the comprehensive energy system.
Considering the scheduling purpose, the invention firstly needs to accurately acquire the deployment scale parameters of the comprehensive energy system.
Preferably, the deployment scale parameters include at least: the quantity of gas turbines deployed in the CCHP unit, the quantity of generated energy under the unit consumption of gas turbines, the quantity of the absorption type lithium bromide unit, the heat supply quantity or cold supply quantity under the unit consumption of the absorption type lithium bromide unit, the water storage capacity of the water energy storage unit and the thermoelectric conversion efficiency; the rated power of the ground source heat pump unit and the heat supply quantity under unit power consumption; charging and discharging power of the electric vehicle charging station; generating predicted power of the photovoltaic generator set; the energy storage capacity, the charge and discharge power of the battery energy storage; the power supply capacity of the upper grid connection point.
In practice, the deployment scale parameters that can be collected are different depending on the energy supply facilities actually deployed in the integrated energy system. Currently, CCHP (combined heat and power system, combined cooling heating and power) integrated units, ground source heat pump units, electric vehicle charging stations, photovoltaic and battery energy storage systems and the like are often deployed in integrated energy systems.
With the development and maturity of the comprehensive energy system technology in the future, the method does not restrict the application of various energy supply modes and units actually applied to the comprehensive energy system, so that the deployment scale parameters can be adjusted according to different types of deployed units. The method can select and collect different deployment scale parameters according to the type of the unit which is actually deployed. According to the subsequent generation mode of the dispatching strategy in the invention, the attribute parameters, the operation parameters and the like of certain units can be added into the deployment scale parameters so as to judge and know the actual situation of the comprehensive energy system, thereby realizing more effective dispatching.
Specifically, in the CCHP unit, a gas turbine, an absorption lithium bromide unit, a water energy storage unit and other devices are generally deployed, other secondary devices can be ignored, the gas turbine can convert electric energy and heat energy in a gas transmission mode, the electric energy can drive the absorption lithium bromide unit to supply heat or cool to a commercial park, and can also drive the water energy storage unit to store cold or heat.
In view of the above, the present invention may be used for this purpose to define the actual deployment scale parameters, and in one embodiment the method performs parameter acquisition in accordance with the parameters mentioned above. According to the refinement degree of the scheduling strategy, the method can also collect various indexes such as more specific unit operation scale, regulated gradient, regulated speed, constraint conditions of various elements and the like.
Preferably, the scheduling basic model comprises an electric power balance model and a thermal power balance model of the comprehensive energy system; wherein, the electric power balance is the balance between the load electricity consumption of the commercial park and the electricity generation of the comprehensive energy system; the thermal power balance model is the balance of heat consumption and heat supply in a commercial park, and the balance of cold consumption and cold supply.
It will be appreciated that the scheduling strategy of the commercial park is deployed anyway, with the ultimate goal of achieving a balance of supply and demand for energy. In the integrated energy system of the invention, not only the balance between the power consumption and the electricity consumption, but also the balance between the heat consumption and the heat supply and the balance between the cold consumption and the cold supply are needed. Thus, on this premise, the method involves two models, an electric power balance model and a thermal power balance model.
Specifically, the electric power balance is a balance between load electricity consumption of a commercial park and the electricity generation amount of the integrated energy system. In one embodiment of the invention, the following formula is used for description:
wherein,the power supply quantity of the upper grid-connected point under the t period,
for the power generation of the gas turbine in the CCHP at the t period,
the power generation pre-measurement of the photovoltaic generator set in the t period,
for the electrical load at the time t period,
the charging and discharging quantity of the electric automobile participating in the dispatching in the t period,
is the charge and discharge amount of the battery energy storage in the t period,
the power consumption of the ground source heat pump in the t period.
According to the invention, on the premise that the power consumption load cannot be adjusted manually, the method tries to purposefully and reasonably adjust the power supply and the power consumption of other units according to the change of the power consumption load, so that the balance between the total power supply and the total power consumption in one metering period, namely the t period, is ensured.
In the above formula, part of the parameters can be directly determined according to the deployment scale parameters mentioned above, and part of the parameters can be set according to the deployment scale parameters, that is, the deployment scale parameters limit the range of values of the parameters in the formula. For example, the number of the cells to be processed,that is, the power supply amount of the upper grid-connection point at the t period should be at least smaller than the power supply capacity of the upper grid-connection point in the deployment scale parameter.
On the other hand, the thermal power balance model is the balance of heat consumption and heat supply and the balance of cold consumption and cold supply in the commercial park. In one embodiment of the invention, the following equation may be used to describe this balancing process.
Wherein,is the heat supply of the absorption lithium bromide unit in the t period,
is the heat supply quantity of the ground source heat pump unit in the t period,
for the thermal load of a commercial campus,
for a thermal flexible load at time t,
and the heat accumulation or heat release of the water energy storage unit is carried out in the period t.
In the above formula, the heat load of the business park is an objective index, and other items can be adjusted appropriately according to factors such as actual conditions of the equipment, scheduling cost and the like.
Similarly, for a commercial campus, heat may be converted to cold as the season alternates, or the demand actually changes, and heat storage may be converted to cold.
Thus, the equilibrium relationship is expressed using the following formula:
wherein,is the cooling capacity of the absorption lithium bromide unit in the t period,
the cooling capacity of the ground source heat pump unit in the t period,
for the cooling load of a commercial campus,
the cold accumulation or the cold discharge capacity of the water energy storage unit is used for the period t.
Similarly, this formula also calculates other index terms based on the actual condition of the cooling load.
Preferably, in the scheduling basic model, any one of the CCHP unit, the ground source heat pump unit, the electric vehicle charging station, the photovoltaic device and the battery energy storage in the integrated energy system should meet the energy storage constraint condition and the heat storage constraint condition.
In particular, there are specific device constraints whether it be an electrical storage device or a thermal storage/heat storage device. In one embodiment of the present invention, the constraint conditions are as follows:
wherein,and->The state of charge or the state of charge of nth unit equipment under the period t and the period t-1 respectively. The state of charge here refers to the proportional relationship between the current stored energy and the maximum stored energy of the device. The stored energy is the stored heat or cold as described above.
Furthermore, sigma n For the self-loss rate of nth unit equipment, as for battery energy storage, the battery can consume own electric quantity at a certain rate with the passage of time t, no matter in a charging and discharging state, so the invention relates to the index and aims to more accurately calculate the constraint condition of each equipment.
For the charging efficiency of the nth installation, < > >For the discharge efficiency of the nth plant, in this plant, the charge efficiency and discharge efficiency of the plant are determined according to the actual situation. For example, in the method, a certain electric automobile is charged by the battery energy storage, and when the battery energy storage provides electricity for one degree, the electric automobile can be charged by only 0.8 degrees, and at this time, 0.8/1 is the charging efficiency.
And->For the charge and discharge power of nth unit equipment, the actual electric energy variation in t period is represented, V n The rated capacity of the nth unit equipment is divided to obtain the state of charge and the state of charge. Further, Δt is a unit change time.
For a certain unit device, the state of charge or state of charge thereof should satisfy the constraint condition at any moment:
that is, the state of charge or the state of charge is at the minimum value SOC of the state of charge or the state of charge within any period n,min Sum maximum value SOC n,max Between them.
In the invention, the balance of energy consumption and supply of each unit equipment is ensured in a certain day or a certain time period, and therefore
In this formula, there may be an imbalance in energy between time periods 1 and T, but after time T is reached, the state of charge or state of charge stability should be satisfied for one cycle.
Furthermore, for each device
The charging and discharging power of the device is limited by the device, for example, the limiting condition can be obtained specifically according to the collection of the deployment scale parameters. P (P) n,c,min And P n,d,min Minimum of nth unit equipmentCharge (discharge) power limit, P n,c,max And P n,d,max Is the maximum charge-discharge power limit of the nth unit equipment. For example, for an electric car charging pile, the rated power may correspond to P according to the model n,c,max Or P n,d,max The index takes the value.
In addition, in the case of the optical fiber,and->Can be designed according to the charge state, discharge state, e.g.)>And->The value of which can be a binary state variable of 0 or 1,/for example>The charging state or the energy storage state is represented when the value of (2) is 1, and the discharging state or the energy release state is represented when the value of (0). But->The opposite is true.
Considering that a certain unit equipment cannot be charged and discharged simultaneously, there are
For some special devices, such as electric vehicles, which are not in a grid-connected state within 24 hours, the method considers a more accurate scheduling mode, and determines the time when the electric vehicle participates in scheduling and finishes scheduling, which is generally in a peak period when the electric vehicle is parked and charged.
Therefore, for the electric automobile, there are also:
wherein t is beg Is the participation scheduling start time, t end Is to participate in the scheduling of the end time,is the residual electric quantity before the electric automobile participates in dispatching, < >>And the method supports the electric automobile to participate in the dispatching with the maximum residual electric quantity in the period of electricity utilization shortage for the current charge and discharge power.
In addition, in the case of the optical fiber,that is, the real-time charge and discharge power should meet the constraint of the maximum charge and discharge power and whether the electric vehicle is in a charge state condition.
Similarly, for a ground source heat pump, the method should satisfy the following constraints
Wherein, COP gshp,c The energy efficiency ratio of the ground source heat pump can be calculated according to the heat supply amount under unit power consumption in the deployment scale parameters. In addition, the ground source heat pump supplies cold or heat according to whether the ground source heat pump is in a cold supply/heat supply stateMaximum and minimum supply power limit Qc gshp,min And Qc gshp,max To determine.
And 2, solving the scheduling basic model by utilizing a mixed integer linear programming algorithm based on the electric power balance parameters of the upper power grid, so as to generate a load flexible scheduling strategy in the comprehensive energy system.
In the invention, after the model is built, the method can calculate and obtain the load flexible scheduling strategy according to the actual situation. Specifically, the present invention employs power balance parameters to design scheduling policies.
Preferably, the power balance parameter of the upper power grid is calculated according to the real-time power supply capacity of the upper power grid; when the real-time power supply capacity of the upper power grid is low, the value of the electric power balance parameter is high; when the real-time power supply capacity of the upper power grid is higher, the value of the power balance parameter is lower.
In the invention, the electric power balance parameter can be an artificially designed index for representing the power supply capacity of the upper power grid at the current moment or in the current period. If the upper power grid is heavy in load at the moment, the index can be correspondingly adjusted, and the index is provided for the comprehensive energy system of the commercial park, so that the current comprehensive energy system knows the willingness of the upper power grid to provide downward electric energy less.
In the prior art, there are many different ways of obtaining the index of the power balance parameter, and this is not a major concern of the present invention, so its complex calculation process is not within the scope of the present invention. However, in the present invention, it is necessary to define an index that the power balance parameter should change monotonically with the real-time power supply capacity of the upper grid. And when the real-time power supply capacity of the upper power grid is lower, the value of the power balance parameter is higher. When the real-time power supply capacity of the upper power grid is higher, the value of the power balance parameter is lower.
After the electric power balance parameters are obtained, the method can solve the model in the step 1 by adopting a mixed integer linear programming algorithm according to the electric power balance parameters as a reference, so that a load flexible scheduling strategy is obtained.
Preferably, the solving the scheduling basis model using the mixed integer linear programming algorithm further includes: respectively planning a first index, a second index and a third index, and taking the minimum sum of the first index to the third index as a planning target to realize the solution of a mixed integer linear programming algorithm; the first index is the sum of the resource consumption of the upper power grid connection point and the original resource consumption of the CCHP unit; the second index is an environmental compensation factor of the comprehensive energy system; and the third index is the demand response compensation of the comprehensive energy system.
It can be appreciated that in the present invention, a mixed integer linear programming algorithm is employed in the process of solving the model using the power balance parameters as references. The algorithm comprises two types of accurate algorithms and heuristic algorithms, wherein the accurate algorithms comprise a branch-and-bound method, a column generation method and the like, and the heuristic algorithms comprise a genetic algorithm, an ant colony algorithm, a particle swarm algorithm, a simulated annealing algorithm and the like. The method is not limited to a specific mode, and according to actual conditions, the method can solve and obtain the optimal solution of the model or ensure the calculation efficiency under reasonable errors.
In the mixed integer linear programming algorithm, three indexes are respectively involved, and the optimal value of each parameter in the scheduling basic model is determined by solving the minimum sum of the three indexes.
Specifically, the first index is the sum of the resource consumption of the upper grid-connected point and the original resource consumption of the CCHP unit. The resource consumption of the upper grid-connection point actually includes not only the electric quantity supplied by the upper grid-connection point in real time, but also the aforementioned index of the electric power balance parameter. By means of the power balance parameters, the method can calculate the actual cost which the upper power grid needs to pay when providing the real-time electric quantity, namely the resource consumption mentioned in the text.
Furthermore, the primary resource of the CCHP plant is the supply air of the CCHP plant. The method can also calculate a specific value of the resource consumption in a similar way according to the resource fullness degree of the gas supply system and the actual gas supply amount.
The above two resource consumption amounts can be actually understood as the amounts of various original resources externally input into the integrated energy system. By measuring the index, the method can obtain the real-time consumption or utilization of the resources of the comprehensive energy system. If the coupling degree between each unit can be reasonably regulated in the scheduling process, so that the aim of least utilizing external resources is fulfilled, the effect of fine scheduling can be achieved, and the minimum energy consumption is ensured. For this purpose, the method has devised the above-mentioned index.
And secondly, the second index is an environment compensation factor of the comprehensive energy system.
Preferably, the calculation formula of the environmental compensation factor is:
wherein C is t To compensate parameters in real time E a Carbon quota for commercial park, ε r,e The carbon emission coefficient epsilon of the unit electric quantity of the upper power grid r,h Is the carbon emission coefficient of the unit heat quantity of the CCHP unit,for the electricity quantity obtained by the business park from the upper power grid point in the t period, +.>For the output power of CCHP unit in t period, < >>Is the electric heating conversion coefficient of the CCHP unit, < ->And T is the duration of the parameters adopted by the mixed integer linear programming algorithm in a single calculation process for the energy of the absorption lithium bromide unit.
The second index in the invention aims to confirm the environmental friendliness of the comprehensive energy system. In the context of reducing carbon emissions, if the integrated energy system is excessive and emits a large amount of carbon or other environmentally unfriendly chemicals to the outside, it is necessary to implement environmental protection indicators by means of economic compensation. In order to solve the problem, the method designs a second index for inclining the calculation process to a new energy source and environment-friendly energy source supply mode.
For example, in a second indicator, the method may meter the carbon emissions of, for example, a CCHP plant, thereby deriving an environmental compensation factor. For example, for a commercial campus, a reasonable amount of carbon for the commercial campus may be estimated based on the current carbon quota. In practice, as the operation conditions of various units are different, the interference of external environmental factors and the change of loads change, and the actual operation conditions of the units change along with the scheduling plans. Therefore, there may be a difference in the actual carbon emission amount. The method may calculate a gap between the actual carbon emissions and the initial carbon quota to derive an environmental compensation factor.
In the invention, the real-time compensation parameter can be determined according to the cost of unit carbon emission during carbon transaction or the price of the transaction, and can also be calculated according to other modes, and in a word, the index is an index for realizing unit conversion between the carbon emission or other harmful substances emission and the environmental compensation factor.
In addition, E a Is a carbon quota for commercial parks and is used to characterize the amount of pollution that is allowed to be paid out. Epsilon r,e The carbon emission coefficient epsilon of the unit electric quantity of the upper power grid r,h The carbon emission coefficient is the unit heat of the CCHP unit. These two parameters can be obtained from the carbon emissions of the upper grid and from the carbon emissions of the CCHP plant on the local campus, respectively. Considering that the two devices are the main devices for carbon emission, the method ignores carbon emission of other units or devices. It is also understood that the carbon emissions of other units or equipment are not accounted for in the carbon emissions accounting of the commercial campus, such as electric cars. Alternatively, other units or devices only indirectly participate in the subsequent conversion process of the electric energy, and do not repeatedly meter the carbon emission.
Preferably, the carbon emission coefficient of the unit heat of the CCHP unit and the electric heating conversion coefficient of the CCHP unit are calculated based on the deployment scale parameters.
The electric heating conversion coefficient can be obtained according to the attribute of the CCHP unit, for example, according to the historical operation index of the CCHP, and the heat accumulation or cold accumulation amount which can be converted into by the CCHP is obtained.
Preferably, the demand response compensation includes a translatable load demand response compensation F tran Load-reducible demand response compensation F cut 。
The third index mainly considers that in the actual scheduling process, when an original certain load participates in the demand response process, the participation process of the load side on scheduling is actively realized. In this process, the participating loads are mainly classified into translatable loads and reducible loads in a regulated manner.
Wherein, the translatable load refers to that the service time of the load can be transferred from one interval to another interval within a certain allowable range, and the transferred load cannot exceed the maximum allowable transfer amount. The translational load has strong controllability, namely the load with power supply time which can be changed according to the plan, and mainly comprises a washing machine, a water heater, a disinfection cabinet and the like.
In view of this, the method may transfer the partial load to the grid at the appropriate time in a planned manner. But such planning requires a corresponding coordination of the load users, so the grid can calculate the costs required for the users to participate in the demand response. This cost may be an indicator of economy, but may also be an indicator of safety and reliability of other devices. The method can reasonably convert the indexes into measurable data values by adopting a mathematical method, so as to obtain the calculation result of the indexes and participate in the operation.
On the other hand, load-reducible means that it can be partially or entirely reduced as needed, such as decorative lighting, home entertainment equipment, and the like. These loads can be reduced in a planned manner according to the management of the campus, for example, the management of street lamps at night. Likewise, the method may account for its actual or indirect cost and measure specific losses by way of a computable index.
By constructing the indexes, the method obtains a linear function of superposition of three indexes. Thus, the method can realize the solving process of the mixed integer linear programming algorithm. In particular, the solution process may be implemented using different machine algorithms according to actual needs. In one embodiment of the invention, the construction of a solver in a mixed integer linear programming algorithm is realized by adopting the python language, and the load flexible scheduling strategy is solved.
In the construction process of the solver realized by using the python language, the method can utilize var_list to create a variable list, utilize a minimum function to set an objective function, add constraint conditions in various models through add_constraint, utilize solve () to solve the model, and finally utilize print () statement to print a result.
According to the invention, when the load flexible scheduling strategy is designed, the calculation and dynamic tracking of the power balance parameters of the upper power grid in each hour can be realized by taking 24 hours as a period. In addition, the method supports that certain unit equipment is selectively started or stopped according to the difference of the calculation results of the power balance parameters of the upper power grid.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the method designs a first preset threshold and a second preset threshold, wherein the first preset threshold is relatively smaller, and the second preset threshold is larger. The two preset thresholds can measure the real-time value of the electric power balance parameter and selectively start and stop the unit equipment in the comprehensive energy system.
Preferably, in the load flexible scheduling strategy in the integrated energy system, if the electric power balance parameter of the upper power grid is smaller than a first preset threshold, the CCHP unit in the integrated energy system is configured to be in an energy-saving running state, and the ground source heat pump unit and the photovoltaic generator unit are configured to be in a shutdown state; and, the generated energy of the CCHP unit is used for the energy storage of the water energy storage unit.
In the invention, if the electric power balance parameter of the upper power grid is smaller than the first preset threshold, the electric energy supply is sufficient, and meanwhile, the comprehensive power consumption requirement is lower. At this time, for a commercial park, the method may only configure the CCHP unit in the integrated energy system to be in an energy-saving operation state.
The energy-saving operation state of the CCHP in the present invention means that the CCHP is at a low operation rate. The gas turbine of CCHP operates with low energy consumption and consumes less air supply, and the generated heat energy only supplies the water energy storage unit to generate a small amount or sufficient energy storage.
Generally, the situation that the power balance parameter is smaller than the first preset threshold occurs at night, and at this time, because energy consumption such as illumination is greatly reduced, other devices or units can be shut down in a commercial park, and only a small amount of heat accumulation or cold accumulation is prepared in advance for peak hours of the day. The CCHP realizes the balance of heat energy in a 24-hour cycle period through the self operation.
Preferably, in the load flexible scheduling strategy in the integrated energy system, if the electric power balance parameter of the upper power grid is greater than a first preset threshold, the CCHP unit in the integrated energy system is configured to be in a normal running state, and the ground source heat pump unit is configured to be in an energy supply state.
Once the power balance parameter is greater than the first preset threshold, other units in the integrated energy system fully participate in operation and are in the energy supply stage, which mainly refers to heating or cooling. In other words, the first preset threshold mainly controls the balance of thermal energy and the change of the supply or storage state. When the first preset threshold is exceeded, the CCHP is also fully operated, enabling a sufficient supply of thermal energy, of course providing more electrical energy output.
Preferably, in the load flexible scheduling strategy in the comprehensive energy system, if the electric power balance parameter of the upper power grid is greater than a second preset threshold, the upper power grid is interrupted to supply power to the comprehensive energy system; and if the electric power balance parameter of the upper power grid is smaller than a second preset threshold, the battery energy storage selectively participates in energy storage, and if the electric power balance parameter of the upper power grid is larger than the second preset threshold, the battery energy storage participates in energy supply.
The second preset threshold not only ensures the full supply of electric energy on the basis of the adjustment of the CCHP by the first preset threshold, but also continuously adjusts other electric energy storage to participate in charging and discharging by the second preset threshold.
For example, the superior grid-connected point, when the parameter is greater than the second preset threshold, takes into account the shortage of power supply, which would result in excessive costs if used in large quantities, so the method achieves the balance of electric energy through self-sufficiency in the campus. In addition, when the upper power grid is disconnected, the battery energy storage is fully involved in the electric energy supply.
Fig. 2 is a prediction curve of thermal load, electrical load and photovoltaic generator set in a load flexible scheduling strategy in a load flexible scheduling method in an integrated energy system. In an embodiment of the present invention, a comprehensive energy system of a commercial park is used as a research object, including photovoltaic, CCHP, battery, water storage, heat pump, electric vehicle, etc. as shown in fig. 2. Taking a certain day in winter as a typical day, the scheduling period is 24 hours, and the unit scheduling period is 1 hour.
The method comprises the steps of firstly predicting the conditions of each load and each unit, wherein the heat load is 5:00 to late 22: the consumption is large between 00 and the electrical load remains relatively steady, fluctuating between 300 and 500 kW. In addition, the energy supply of photovoltaic equipment is predicted in advance, and the photovoltaic is at 5:00 to 19: between 00 can provide supplemental electrical energy.
Fig. 3 is a solution result of a thermal power balance model in a load flexible scheduling strategy in the load flexible scheduling method in the integrated energy system. The method adopts a mixed integer linear programming algorithm to solve. The resulting thermal energy balance model is shown in figure 3.
In fig. 3, CCHP is operated at high power during the daytime period and energy-saving during the night time period. At the same time, the geothermal pump source supplements the thermal energy supply, and the water obtained at night is stored at 88:00 to 13: 00. 17:00 to 19:00 are utilized. After scheduling, the thermal energy supply is just enough to meet the thermal energy load requirement of fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a solution result of an electric power balance model in a load flexible scheduling strategy in the load flexible scheduling method in the integrated energy system. As shown in fig. 4, there are more types of units or devices involved in the supply of electrical energy. In addition to the amount of power supplied by the CCHP that has been confirmed and fixed, the amount of power consumed by the ground source heat pump is also relatively determined based on the supply of thermal energy. The photovoltaic generator set realizes electric energy supply based on the predicted value. Further, in this embodiment, the electric vehicle consumes more power only in view of the nature of the commercial campus, and at peak 15:00 and 16: 00. The charging of the storage battery at night ensures the compensation of electric energy in the peak period, so that the electric energy can be obtained in the commercial park without an upper power grid in the power consumption peak period, and the electric energy supply cost is greatly reduced.
Fig. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a flexible load dispatching system in the integrated energy system. The second aspect of the application relates to a load flexible scheduling system in an integrated energy system, wherein the system is used for realizing the steps in the method in the first aspect of the application; the system comprises a construction module and a strategy module; the construction module is used for collecting deployment scale parameters of the comprehensive energy system in the commercial park so as to construct a dispatching base model of the comprehensive energy system; and the strategy module is used for solving the scheduling basic model by utilizing a mixed integer linear programming algorithm based on the electric power balance parameters of the upper power grid, so as to generate a load flexible scheduling strategy in the comprehensive energy system.
A third aspect of the present application relates to a terminal, comprising a processor and a storage medium; the storage medium is used for storing instructions; the processor is operative according to instructions to perform steps of the method according to the first aspect of the present application.
It may be understood that, in order to implement each function in the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, the terminal device includes a corresponding hardware structure and/or software module for executing each function. Those of skill in the art will readily appreciate that the various illustrative algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as hardware or combinations of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is implemented as hardware or computer software driven hardware depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present application.
The embodiment of the present application may divide the functional modules of the terminal device according to the above method example, for example, each functional module may be divided corresponding to each function, or two or more functions may be integrated in one processing module. The integrated modules may be implemented in hardware or in software functional modules. It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the division of the modules is schematic, which is merely a logic function division, and other division manners may be implemented in actual implementation.
The apparatus includes at least one processor, a bus system, and at least one communication interface. The processor is comprised of a central processing unit, field programmable gate array, application specific integrated circuit, or other hardware. The memory is composed of a read-only memory, a random access memory and the like. The memory may be stand alone and coupled to the processor via a bus. The memory may also be integrated with the processor. The hard disk can be a mechanical disk or a solid state disk, etc. The embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto. The above embodiments are typically implemented in software, hardware. When implemented using a software program, may be implemented in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
The fourth aspect of the present invention relates to a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which when executed by a processor performs the steps of the method of the first aspect of the present invention.
When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the corresponding functions are implemented according to the procedures provided by the embodiments of the present invention. The computer program instructions referred to herein may be assembly instructions, machine instructions, or code written in a programming language implementation, or the like.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the specific embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is intended to be covered by the claims.
Claims (17)
1. A flexible load scheduling method in an integrated energy system, the method comprising the steps of:
step 1, acquiring deployment scale parameters of the comprehensive energy system in a business park, so as to construct a scheduling basic model of the comprehensive energy system;
And 2, solving the scheduling basic model by utilizing a mixed integer linear programming algorithm based on the electric power balance parameters of the upper power grid, so as to generate a load flexible scheduling strategy in the comprehensive energy system.
2. The flexible load scheduling method in an integrated energy system according to claim 1, wherein:
the comprehensive energy system at least comprises a CCHP unit, a ground source heat pump unit, an electric vehicle charging station, a photovoltaic generator set and battery energy storage which are deployed in a commercial park, and an upper-level grid-connected point for realizing electric energy interaction with the commercial park.
3. The flexible load scheduling method in an integrated energy system according to claim 1, wherein:
the deployment scale parameters include at least:
the quantity of gas turbines deployed in the CCHP unit, the quantity of generated energy under the unit consumption of gas of the gas turbines, the quantity of the absorption type lithium bromide unit, the heat supply quantity or cold supply quantity under the unit consumption of the absorption type lithium bromide unit, the water storage capacity of the water energy storage unit and the thermoelectric conversion efficiency;
the rated power of the ground source heat pump unit and the heat supply quantity under unit power consumption;
charging and discharging power of the electric vehicle charging station;
The power generation prediction power of the photovoltaic generator set;
the energy storage capacity, the charge and discharge power of the battery energy storage;
and the power supply capacity of the upper grid connection point.
4. The flexible load scheduling method in an integrated energy system according to claim 1, wherein:
the scheduling basic model comprises an electric power balance model and a thermal power balance model of the comprehensive energy system; wherein,
the electric power balance is the balance between the load electricity consumption of the commercial park and the electricity generation amount of the comprehensive energy system;
the thermal power balance model is the balance of heat consumption and heat supply and the balance of cold consumption and cold supply in the commercial park.
5. The flexible load scheduling method in an integrated energy system according to claim 4, wherein:
in the scheduling basic model, any one of a CCHP unit, a ground source heat pump unit, an electric vehicle charging station, a photovoltaic device and a battery energy storage in the comprehensive energy system should meet the energy storage constraint condition and the heat storage constraint condition.
6. The flexible load scheduling method in an integrated energy system according to claim 1, wherein:
The power balance parameter of the upper power grid is calculated according to the real-time power supply capacity of the upper power grid; wherein,
when the real-time power supply capacity of the upper power grid is lower, the value of the electric power balance parameter is higher;
when the real-time power supply capacity of the upper power grid is higher, the value of the electric power balance parameter is lower.
7. The flexible load scheduling method in an integrated energy system according to claim 1, wherein:
the solving the scheduling base model by using a mixed integer linear programming algorithm further comprises:
respectively planning a first index, a second index and a third index, and taking the minimum sum of the first index to the third index as a planning target to realize the solution of the mixed integer linear programming algorithm;
the first index is the sum of the resource consumption of the upper power grid connection point and the original resource consumption of the CCHP unit;
the second index is an environmental compensation factor of the comprehensive energy system;
and the third index is the demand response compensation of the comprehensive energy system.
8. The flexible load scheduling method in an integrated energy system according to claim 7, wherein:
The calculation formula of the environment compensation factor is as follows:
wherein C is t In order to compensate the parameters in real time,
E a for the carbon quota of the commercial park,
ε r,e the carbon emission coefficient epsilon of the unit electric quantity of the upper power grid r,h Is the carbon emission coefficient of the unit heat quantity of the CCHP unit,
for the amount of power the business park obtains from the superior grid-connected point at time t,
for the output power of CCHP unit in t period, < >>Is the electric heating conversion coefficient of the CCHP unit,
for the energy of the absorption lithium bromide unit,
t is the duration of the parameters employed by the mixed integer linear programming algorithm in a single calculation process.
9. The flexible load scheduling method in an integrated energy system according to claim 8, wherein:
the unit heat carbon emission coefficient of the CCHP unit and the electric heating conversion coefficient of the CCHP unit are calculated based on the deployment scale parameters.
10. The flexible load scheduling method in an integrated energy system according to claim 7, wherein:
the demand response compensation includes a translatable load demand response compensation F tran Load-reducible demand response compensation F cut 。
11. The flexible load scheduling method in an integrated energy system according to claim 1, wherein:
In the load flexible scheduling strategy in the integrated energy system,
if the electric power balance parameter of the upper power grid is smaller than a first preset threshold, configuring a CCHP unit in the comprehensive energy system to be in an energy-saving running state, and configuring a ground source heat pump unit and a photovoltaic generator unit to be in a shutdown state;
and the generated energy of the CCHP unit is used for energy storage of the water energy storage unit.
12. The flexible load scheduling method in an integrated energy system according to claim 1, wherein:
in the load flexible scheduling strategy in the integrated energy system,
and if the electric power balance parameter of the upper power grid is larger than a first preset threshold, configuring the CCHP unit in the comprehensive energy system to be in a normal running state and the ground source heat pump unit to be in an energy supply state.
13. The flexible load scheduling method in an integrated energy system according to claim 1, wherein:
in the load flexible scheduling strategy in the integrated energy system,
if the electric power balance parameter of the upper power grid is larger than a second preset threshold, interrupting the power supply of the upper power grid-connected point to the comprehensive energy system;
and if the electric power balance parameter of the upper power grid is smaller than a second preset threshold, the battery energy storage selectively participates in energy storage, and if the electric power balance parameter of the upper power grid is larger than the second preset threshold, the battery energy storage participates in energy storage.
14. The flexible load scheduling method in an integrated energy system according to claim 1, wherein:
and constructing a solver in the mixed integer linear programming algorithm by adopting a python language, and solving the load flexible scheduling strategy.
15. A flexible load scheduling system in an integrated energy system is characterized in that:
the system being for implementing the steps of the method of any one of claims 1-14; and, in addition, the processing unit,
the system comprises a construction module and a strategy module; wherein,
the construction module is used for collecting deployment scale parameters of the comprehensive energy system in the commercial park so as to construct a dispatching base model of the comprehensive energy system;
and the strategy module is used for solving the scheduling basic model by utilizing a mixed integer linear programming algorithm based on the electric power balance parameters of the upper power grid, so as to generate the load flexible scheduling strategy in the comprehensive energy system.
16. A terminal comprising a processor and a storage medium; the method is characterized in that:
the storage medium is used for storing instructions;
the processor being operative according to the instructions to perform the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1-14.
17. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that the program when executed by a processor realizes the steps of the method according to any of claims 1-14.
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