CN117239296A - Direct liquid cooling battery system and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Direct liquid cooling battery system and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117239296A CN117239296A CN202311506389.2A CN202311506389A CN117239296A CN 117239296 A CN117239296 A CN 117239296A CN 202311506389 A CN202311506389 A CN 202311506389A CN 117239296 A CN117239296 A CN 117239296A
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 71
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 19
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The application provides a direct liquid cooling battery system and a preparation method thereof, wherein the direct liquid cooling battery system comprises a battery shell with a containing cavity, a liquid injection port is arranged on the battery shell, and a balance valve is arranged in the liquid injection port; the battery module is arranged in the accommodating chamber; the cooling liquid is filled in the accommodating chamber; 70% -120% of the height of the cooling liquid immersed battery module, the liquid level of the cooling liquid is smaller than the top surface of the accommodating chamber, and the height of the balance valve is larger than the liquid level of the cooling liquid. The battery module can be partially or completely immersed by the cooling liquid; the direct contact of the cooling liquid and the battery module is beneficial to improving the cooling efficiency; the battery module can be isolated from air by adopting a cooling liquid immersion mode, so that risks of oxidization, corrosion and combustion of the battery module are reduced, and the service life and safety are improved; the cooling liquid immersion mode does not need to realize cooling by external power, can replace the traditional air cooling technology and liquid cooling technology in many occasions, has low energy consumption, and is beneficial to prolonging the continuous running time and improving the energy density.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of battery preparation, and particularly relates to a direct liquid cooling battery system and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Since commercialization, lithium ion batteries are rapidly developed by virtue of the characteristics of high energy density, long service life, environmental protection, no pollution and no memory effect, and are applied to the increasingly wide fields of electric automobiles, energy storage power stations and the like from the field of mobile phone numbers. Along with the expansion of the application range of the lithium ion battery, the method of adding a protection plate from a single cell is developed to a multi-battery serial-parallel connection and Battery Management System (BMS) or even a high-voltage circuit. With the increasing of single-set capacity of lithium ion battery systems, the application is more and more, the battery performance is deteriorated, the service life is reduced, and the phenomena of ignition and explosion in the charging and discharging processes are more and more caused by the fact that the exposed internal heat management measures are not in place.
In order to reduce the larger heat generated by the lithium ion battery system, the cooling scheme adopted at present is usually an air cooling technology and a liquid cooling technology. The air cooling technology realizes forced convection of air by a fan to realize cooling; the liquid cooling technology is to install cooling pipes in the lithium ion battery system and to add circulating cooling liquid in the cooling pipes to realize cooling.
However, the above air cooling technology and liquid cooling technology are complex in structure, and energy is consumed for starting the fan and circulating flow of the cooling liquid in the cooling pipe, so that energy consumption of the lithium ion battery system is increased, and endurance of the lithium ion battery system is affected. In addition, the above air-cooling and liquid-cooling techniques have limited assistance in improving battery safety.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application aims to provide a direct liquid cooling battery system and a preparation method thereof, which are used for solving the problems existing in the related art: a cooling structure for lithium ion battery system is complicated, and the energy consumption is big, and the heat transfer effect is not good, to the not big problem of suggestion security help.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the embodiment of the application is as follows:
in one aspect, a direct liquid cooled battery system is provided, comprising:
the battery shell is provided with a containing cavity, a liquid injection port communicated with the containing cavity is formed in the battery shell, and a balance valve is arranged in the liquid injection port;
the battery module is arranged in the accommodating cavity;
the cooling liquid is filled in the accommodating chamber;
the battery module is characterized in that the cooling liquid submerges 70% -120% of the height of the battery module, the liquid level of the cooling liquid is smaller than the top surface of the accommodating chamber, and the height of the balance valve is larger than the liquid level of the cooling liquid.
In one embodiment, the cooling liquid comprises one or more of silicone oil, -25# and following mineral transformer oil, heat conducting oil and fluorinated oil.
In one embodiment, the direct liquid cooled battery system further comprises a heating module for heating the battery module, the heating module being mounted in the receiving chamber and/or on the battery module.
In one embodiment, the interval between the outer circumferential surface of the battery module and the inner circumferential surface of the receiving chamber ranges from 0.5mm to 5mm.
On the other hand, a preparation method of the direct liquid cooling battery system is provided, the preparation method of the direct liquid cooling battery system comprises the following steps:
a charging terminal, a discharging terminal and a power switch are respectively arranged on the battery shell and are glued;
installing a battery module in the accommodating cavity of the battery shell, and electrically connecting the battery module with the charging terminal, the discharging terminal and the power switch respectively;
injecting cooling liquid into the accommodating cavity through a liquid injection port on the battery shell;
a balance valve is arranged in the liquid injection port;
and respectively connecting the charging terminal and the discharging terminal with an external device to perform a charging and discharging test.
In one embodiment, the assembling of the battery module includes the steps of:
mounting a plurality of battery cells on a bracket;
welding a plurality of battery cells in series-parallel connection through a plurality of bus bars, and welding the plurality of bus bars through a voltage acquisition line;
and installing a battery system protection board on the bracket, and electrically connecting the battery system protection board with the voltage acquisition line.
In one embodiment, in the step of welding the plurality of battery cells in series-parallel through the plurality of bus bars, the plurality of bus bars are welded through a voltage acquisition line:
dividing a plurality of electric cores into a plurality of groups, respectively mounting the electric cores of the groups on a plurality of brackets, realizing series-parallel connection of the electric cores of the groups through the busbar welding, and combining the electric cores of the groups with the corresponding brackets to form a battery unit;
a heating plate is arranged between two adjacent battery units, and a plurality of brackets are connected;
and electrically connecting a plurality of battery units through the voltage acquisition line.
In one embodiment, the method for manufacturing the direct liquid cooling battery system further comprises the steps of:
and a plurality of temperature sensors are arranged on the battery cells and/or the support, the temperature sensors are electrically connected through temperature acquisition wires, and the temperature acquisition wires are electrically connected with the battery system protection plate.
In one embodiment, the method for manufacturing the direct liquid cooling battery system further comprises the steps of:
providing a plurality of battery cell bodies, and sorting the plurality of battery cell bodies to obtain a plurality of battery cells;
the step of providing a plurality of battery cell bodies and sorting the plurality of battery cell bodies to obtain a plurality of battery cells is located before the step of installing the plurality of battery cells on the support.
In one embodiment, in the step of mounting the plurality of cells on the support:
and detecting a plurality of battery cells on the bracket through the camera module.
The direct liquid cooling battery system and the preparation method thereof provided by the embodiment of the application have at least the following beneficial effects: according to the application, the cooling liquid is directly injected into the battery shell, so that the battery module can be partially or completely immersed by the cooling liquid. Firstly, the specific heat capacity of the cooling liquid is large, and the cooling liquid is in direct contact with the battery module, so that the cooling efficiency is improved; secondly, the battery module can be isolated from air by adopting a cooling liquid immersion mode, so that risks of oxidization, corrosion and combustion of the battery module are reduced, and the service life and the safety are improved; and the cooling liquid immersion mode does not need to realize cooling by external power, can replace the traditional air cooling technology and liquid cooling technology, prolongs the continuous mileage, improves the volumetric specific energy and has low energy consumption.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or exemplary technical descriptions will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a direct liquid-cooled battery system according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a direct liquid cooled battery system according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first housing according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a bracket according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic flow chart of a method for manufacturing a direct liquid-cooled battery system according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic flow chart of step S2 provided in the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a schematic flow chart of step S22 according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is a graph showing a relationship between a temperature and a residual power of a direct liquid-cooled battery system according to an embodiment of the present application.
Wherein, each reference numeral in the figure mainly marks:
1. a battery case; 10. a liquid injection port; 11. a balancing valve; 12. a charging terminal; 13. a discharge terminal; 14. a power switch; 15. a first housing; 151. a first inner sidewall; 152. a second inner sidewall; 153. a third inner sidewall; 16. a second housing; 17. a clamping structure; 171. the first clamping strip; 172. a first protruding strip; 173. a second protruding strip; 174. a second clamping strip; 175. a third protruding strip; 18. a seal ring;
2. a battery module; 21. a bracket; 211. a frame body; 212. opening holes; 22. a battery cell; 23. a busbar; 24. a voltage acquisition line; 25. a battery system protection plate; 26. a battery unit; 27. buffering foam; 270. a second through hole;
3. a heating module; 31. a second heating plate; 310. a first through hole; 32. and a third heating plate.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects to be solved more clear, the application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "mounted" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first", "a second", or a third "may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise. The meaning of "a number" is one or more than one unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Thus, the appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" or "in some embodiments" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a direct liquid-cooled battery system according to an embodiment of the application will be described. The direct liquid-cooled battery system includes a battery case 1, a battery module 2, and a coolant (not shown). Optionally, a containing chamber is provided in the battery case 1, a liquid injection port 10 communicated with the containing chamber is provided on the battery case 1, and a balance valve 11 is installed in the liquid injection port 10. The battery module 2 may be mounted in a receiving chamber into which a cooling liquid is injected. Wherein the cooling liquid submerges 70% -120% of the height of the battery module 2. It is understood that the height of the cooling liquid may be 70% of the height of the battery module 2, and the amount of the injected cooling liquid is the minimum amount; the height of the cooling fluid may be 120% of the height of the battery module 2, and the amount of the cooling fluid injected at this time is the maximum amount, i.e., the injection amount of the cooling fluid may be between the minimum amount and the maximum amount. The liquid level of the cooling liquid is smaller than the top surface of the accommodating chamber, namely the accommodating chamber is not filled with the cooling liquid, and a part of space is reserved. The height of the balance valve 11 is larger than the liquid level of the cooling liquid, so that the cooling liquid can be prevented from overflowing from the liquid injection port 10 in the process of assembling and disassembling the balance valve 11.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the battery case 1 may include a first case 15 and a second case 16 connected to the first case 15, and the first case 15 and the second case 16 may be fastened by screws. The first casing 15 and the second casing 16 enclose the accommodating chamber. The filling port 10 may be disposed on the second housing 16.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the battery case 1 may further include a sealing ring 18 disposed between the first case 15 and the second case 16. With this structure, the gap between the first casing 15 and the second casing 16 can be filled with the seal ring 18, so that the sealing performance of the battery case 1 is improved, and the overflow of the cooling liquid is avoided.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 3, a clamping structure 17 for clamping the battery module 2 is disposed on an inner sidewall of the accommodating chamber, the clamping structure 17 encloses to form a clamping area, the battery module 2 may be disposed in the clamping area, an outer circumferential surface of the battery module 2 may be in fit and abutting with the clamping structure 17, and the clamping structure 17 may limit the battery module 2 in the clamping area.
Alternatively, referring to fig. 3, the clamping structure 17 may include a first clamping bar 171 that is matched and abutted with the top end of the battery module 2, a first protruding bar 172 that is matched and abutted with the bottom end of the battery module 2, a second protruding bar 173 that is matched and abutted with the front end of the battery module 2, and a second clamping bar 174 that is matched and abutted with the rear end of the battery module 2. Specifically, the front ends of the first inner sidewalls 151 of the first and second cases 15 and 16 are respectively provided with first locking bars 171, and the rear ends of the first inner sidewalls 151 of the first and second cases 15 and 16 are respectively provided with second locking bars 174, so that the top and rear ends of the battery module 2 can be blocked. The first protruding strips 172 are respectively arranged on the second inner side walls 152 of the first shell 15 and the second shell 16, the first protruding strips 172 not only can be matched with the bottom end of the battery module 2 to resist, but also can block up the battery module 2, so that the bottom end of the battery module 2 and the second inner side walls 152 are arranged at intervals, cooling liquid can flow in, the contact area between the cooling liquid and the battery module 2 is increased, and the cooling effect on the battery module 2 is improved. The second raised strips 173 are respectively arranged on the third inner side walls 153 of the first shell 15 and the second shell 16, and the second raised strips 173 not only can be matched with the front end of the battery module 2 to resist, but also can separate the battery module 2 from the third inner side walls 153, so that cooling liquid can flow in, the contact area between the cooling liquid and the battery module 2 is increased, and the cooling effect on the battery module 2 is improved.
In an embodiment, referring to fig. 3, the first inner side walls 151 of the first and second cases 15 and 16 may be respectively provided with third protruding strips 175, and the third protruding strips 175 on both sides may not only cooperate with and resist the left and right ends of the battery module 2, but also separate the left and right ends of the battery module 2 from the first inner side walls 151 of the first and second cases 15 and 16, respectively, so as to allow cooling liquid to flow in, increase the contact area between the cooling liquid and the battery module 2, and improve the cooling effect on the battery module 2. The heights of the third protruding strips 175 are respectively smaller than those of the first clamping strips 171 and the second clamping strips 174, so that the clamping effect of the first clamping strips 171 and the second clamping strips 174 on the battery module 2 can be improved. In this way, the plurality of first locking strips 171, the plurality of second locking strips 174, the plurality of first protruding strips 172, the plurality of second protruding strips 173, and the plurality of third protruding strips 175 enclose the clamping area, and the battery module 2 is limited and fixed. The number, shape, etc. of the first locking strips 171, the second locking strips 174, the first protruding strips 172, the second protruding strips 173, and the third protruding strips 175 can be adjusted according to actual needs, and are not limited only herein.
In one embodiment, the first locking strip 171, the second locking strip 174, the first protruding strip 172, the second protruding strip 173, and the third protruding strip 175 on the first housing 15 may be integrally injection molded; similarly, the first locking strip 171, the second locking strip 174, the first protruding strip 172, the second protruding strip 173, and the third protruding strip 175 on the second housing 16 may be integrally injection molded. With this structure, the mechanical strength of the first housing 15 and the second housing 16 can be increased, and the processing and the manufacturing are facilitated.
In one embodiment, as a specific implementation mode of the direct liquid cooling battery system provided by the embodiment of the application, the cooling liquid comprises one or more of silicone oil, -25# and following mineral transformer oil, heat conduction oil and fluorinated oil. The cooling liquid has the advantages of insulativity, good chemical stability, high flash point, no flammability, good fluidity, good thermal conductivity and the like.
In an embodiment, referring to fig. 2, as a specific implementation manner of the direct liquid cooling battery system provided by the embodiment of the present application, the direct liquid cooling battery system further includes a heating module 3, where the heating module 3 is installed in the accommodating chamber; alternatively, the heating module 3 may be mounted on the battery module 2; alternatively, the heating modules 3 may be mounted to the receiving chamber and the battery module 2, respectively. In this structure, the battery module 2 cannot be charged below the subzero temperature, and the battery module 2 can be heated by the heating module 3, so that the battery module 2 can be heated to a chargeable temperature or a preferable working temperature.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2 and 4, the battery module 2 may include a bracket 21, a plurality of battery cells 22 mounted on the bracket 21, a bus bar 23 connecting the plurality of battery cells 22 in series-parallel, a voltage collecting line 24 connecting the plurality of bus bars 23, and a battery system protection board 25 (BMS, battery Management System) mounted on the bracket 21, the voltage collecting line 24 electrically connecting the plurality of bus bars 23, the battery system protection board 25 electrically connected with the voltage collecting line 24. The battery system protection board 25 may be provided with a communication module, a power protection module, an overcharge protection module, an overdischarge protection module, a voltage detection module, a thermal management module, etc. to protect the battery module 2 from overcharge and overdischarge, monitor the use state of the battery module 2, and prolong the service life thereof.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 5, a plurality of brackets 21 may be used to secure the plurality of cells 22. Each bracket 21 may include two oppositely disposed brackets 211, each bracket 211 is provided with an opening 212 in a aligned manner, and a step portion for resisting the battery cell 22 is formed in each opening 212. In this structure, the plurality of battery cells 22 can be held and fixed by the two holders 211.
After each frame 211 clamps and fixes the multiple battery cells 22, the multiple battery cells 22 are connected in series and parallel through the busbar 23 to form the battery unit 26, and the multiple battery units 26 can be connected in series and parallel through the voltage acquisition line 24 to electrically connect the multiple battery cells 22. For convenience of description, referring to fig. 5, a brief description will now be given of the connection of three battery cells 26. The three battery units 26 may be stacked in a horizontal direction, and the three frames 211 may be fastened and fixed by screws and bolts. The battery system protection plate 25 may be fastened to the frame body 211 by screw locking. Alternatively, one end of the battery system protection plate 25 may be locked and fixed with the frame 211 at the left end, and the other end of the battery system protection plate 25 may be locked and fixed with the frame 211 at the right end, thus also functioning to connect the plurality of brackets 21.
Referring to fig. 2, the heating module 3 may include a first heating plate (not shown) mounted at the front end of the battery module 2, second heating plates 31 mounted at the left and right ends of the battery module 2, respectively, a third heating plate 32 mounted at the bottom end of the battery module 2, and a fourth heating plate (not shown) installed between two adjacent brackets 21. In this structure, the front end, the left and right ends and the bottom end of the battery module 2 can be heated by the first heating plate, the two second heating plates 31 and the third heating plate 32, respectively; the fourth heating plate can heat the inside of the battery module 2, so that the heating efficiency of the battery module 2 can be improved.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, two second heating plates 31 may be disposed opposite to the first inner sidewall 151 of the first housing 15 and the first inner sidewall 151 of the second housing 16, respectively, and each second heating plate 31 is provided with a first through hole 310 for passing through a cooling liquid. With this structure, the cooling liquid can flow into the battery module 2 through the first through holes 310, thereby improving the cooling effect. The number of the first through holes 310 may be plural, which is not limited herein.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the outer circumference of the battery module 2 may be provided with a plurality of buffer foam 27. Optionally, the front end, the left end, the right end and the bottom end of the battery module 2 may be respectively provided with buffer foam 27, the buffer foam 27 located at the front end may be located between the battery module 2 and the second convex strip 173, the buffer foam 27 located at the bottom end may be located between the battery module 2 and the first convex strip 172, and the buffer foam 27 located at the left end and the right end may be located between the battery module 2 and the third convex strip 175. With this structure, the buffer protection effect on the battery module 2 can be improved by the plurality of buffer foam 27. The buffer foam 27 may be a composite material formed by one or more of Polyurethane (PU), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA, ethylene-vinyl Acetate Copolymer), and Polyethylene (PE), and has fireproof, flame-retardant, and buffering effects.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the buffer foam 27 at the left and right ends of the battery module 2 is provided with second through holes 270 aligned with the first through holes 310, and the number of the second through holes 270 is consistent with that of the first through holes 310. In this structure, the second through hole 270 can avoid the cooling liquid, so that the cooling liquid can smoothly enter the battery module 2 to cool the battery cell 22.
In an embodiment, referring to fig. 2 and 3, as a specific implementation manner of the direct liquid cooling battery system provided in the embodiment of the present application, a distance between an outer peripheral surface of the battery module 2 and an inner peripheral surface of the accommodating chamber ranges from 0.5mm to 5mm. Specifically, the left and right ends of the battery module 2 can be disposed at an interval with the first inner sidewall 151 through the third protruding strips 175, the bottom end of the battery module 2 can be disposed at an interval with the second inner sidewall 152 through the first protruding strips 172, and the front end of the battery module 2 can be disposed at an interval with the third inner sidewall 153 through the second protruding strips 173. With this structure, the cooling liquid can submerge the battery module 2, thereby improving the cooling effect on the battery module 2.
Referring to fig. 6, the embodiment of the application further provides a method for preparing the direct liquid cooling battery system, which prepares the direct liquid cooling battery system provided by the above embodiment. The preparation method of the direct liquid cooling battery system comprises the following steps:
s1, a charging terminal 12, a discharging terminal 13 and a power switch 14 are respectively mounted on the battery case 1 and glued. Specifically, the discharge terminal 13 and the power switch 14 are respectively installed on the second shell 16 of the battery shell 1, and the discharge terminal 13 and the power switch 14 are arranged at opposite intervals; a charging terminal 12 is mounted on a first housing 15 of the battery case 1; the charging terminal 12, the discharging terminal 13, the power switch 14 and the battery case 1 are sealed by applying a sealant, and a sealing test is performed to verify the sealing performance. A waterproof and dustproof cap is mounted on the charging terminal 12 to improve waterproof and dustproof performance of the charging terminal 12. With this structure, the charging terminal 12 can be used to connect with an external charging circuit to achieve charging of the battery module 2. The discharge terminal 13 may be used to connect with an external consumer to provide power to the external consumer. The power switch 14 can control the on/off of the direct liquid cooling battery system.
S2, the battery module 2 is mounted in the accommodating chamber of the battery case 1, and the battery module 2 is electrically connected to the charging terminal 12, the discharging terminal 13 and the power switch 14, respectively. Specifically, the battery module 2 is first placed in the second housing 16, so that the battery module 2 is aligned with the first clamping strip 171, the second clamping strip 174, the first protruding strip 172 and the second protruding strip 173 respectively, so as to position the battery module 2; the battery module 2 is then electrically connected with the charging terminal 12, the discharging terminal 13 and the power switch 14, respectively; finally, a sealing ring 18 is arranged between the first shell 15 and the second shell 16, and the first shell 15 and the second shell 16 are locked and fixed through screws.
In one embodiment, before the battery module 2 is mounted in the accommodating chamber, a first heating plate and a buffer foam 27 are mounted at the front end of the battery module 2, a second heating plate 31 and a buffer foam 27 are mounted at the left and right ends of the battery module 2, and a third heating plate 32 and a buffer foam 27 are mounted at the bottom end of the battery module 2. In this structure, the battery module 2 can be warmed up by the heating module 3; the buffer foam 27 serves to buffer and protect the battery module 2.
And S3, injecting cooling liquid into the accommodating cavity through a liquid injection port 10 on the battery case 1. Specifically, the injection of the cooling liquid was performed under ambient conditions of 25 ℃ and 45% humidity.
And S4, installing a balance valve 11 in the liquid injection port 10.
And S5, respectively connecting the charging terminal 12 and the discharging terminal 13 with an external device to perform a charging and discharging test. Specifically, the number of the discharge terminals 13 may be two, one discharge terminal 13 may be a discharge positive terminal, and the other discharge terminal 13 may be a discharge negative terminal.
In an embodiment, referring to fig. 7, as a specific implementation of the method for preparing a direct liquid cooling battery system provided in the embodiment of the present application, the assembling of the battery module 2 includes the steps of:
s21, a plurality of battery cells 22 are mounted on the bracket 21. Specifically, the plurality of battery cells 22 are clamped and fixed by the two frame bodies 211.
S22, a plurality of battery cells 22 are welded through a plurality of bus bars 23 to realize series-parallel connection, and a plurality of bus bars 23 are welded through a voltage acquisition line 24. Specifically, the plurality of bus bars 23 may weld the plurality of battery cells 22, so that the series-parallel connection of the plurality of battery cells 22 may be realized. The plurality of bus bars 23 are soldered by the voltage acquisition line 24 so that the plurality of battery cells 22 can be electrically connected.
S24, the battery system protection board 25 is mounted on the bracket 21, and the battery system protection board 25 is electrically connected to the voltage collection line 24. Specifically, a battery system protection plate 25 may be mounted on top of the bracket 21, and the battery system protection plate 25 may be soldered with the voltage pickup line 24 to achieve electrical connection. Among them, the battery system protection board 25 may be electrically connected to the charge terminal 12, the discharge terminal 13, and the power switch 14, respectively.
In an embodiment, referring to fig. 8, as a specific implementation manner of the method for preparing a direct liquid cooling battery system provided in the embodiment of the present application, step S22 may include:
s221, dividing the plurality of electric cores 22 into a plurality of groups, respectively installing the plurality of groups of electric cores 22 on the plurality of brackets 21, realizing series-parallel connection of the groups of electric cores 22 through welding of the busbar 23, and combining the groups of electric cores 22 with the corresponding brackets 21 to form the battery unit 26. Specifically, the plurality of battery cells 26 are stacked in the horizontal direction; the rows 23 in each cell 26 are located on the same side, e.g., left or right, so that interference between adjacent rows 23 is avoided.
And S222, installing a heating plate between two adjacent battery units 26, and connecting a plurality of brackets 21. Specifically, a fourth heating plate is installed between adjacent two battery cells 26; the plurality of holders 21 are connected by screw-screw engagement, thereby connecting the plurality of battery cells 26 in series.
S223, the plurality of battery cells 26 are electrically connected through the voltage acquisition line 24. Specifically, each busbar 23 has a protruding end that protrudes from the battery cell 26, and the voltage acquisition wire 24 may be soldered to the protruding end of each busbar 23 to make an electrical connection.
In an embodiment, referring to fig. 6, as a specific implementation manner of the method for preparing a direct liquid cooling battery system provided by the embodiment of the present application, the method for preparing a direct liquid cooling battery system further includes the steps of: s23, a plurality of temperature sensors are mounted on the plurality of battery cells 22 and/or the bracket 21, the plurality of temperature sensors are electrically connected through a temperature acquisition line, and the temperature acquisition line is electrically connected with the battery system protection plate 25. Wherein, the step S23 may be located between the step S22 and the step S24. Specifically, the plurality of temperature sensors may be installed at key positions that are prone to heat generation, such as a welding position of the battery cells 22 and the busbar 23, a contact position of the heating module 3 and the battery cells 22, and so on. Therefore, the heat collection precision of the temperature sensor can be improved, and the precision of monitoring the temperature of the battery module 2 in real time can be improved.
In an embodiment, as a specific implementation manner of the method for preparing a direct liquid cooling battery system provided by the embodiment of the application, the method for preparing a direct liquid cooling battery system further includes the steps of: a plurality of cell bodies are provided, and a plurality of cells 22 are obtained after sorting the plurality of cell bodies. This step may precede step S21. Specifically, the voltage, resistance, and other performances of each cell body can be detected by manual detection or automatic detection, so as to screen out the cells 22 meeting the requirements. In this structure, the battery cells 22 with the same or similar voltage and resistance are selected, so that the performance of each battery cell 22 is kept consistent, which is helpful to improve the overall performance of the battery module 2.
In one embodiment, as a specific implementation manner of the method for preparing a direct liquid cooling battery system provided in the embodiment of the present application, in step S21: the plurality of battery cells 22 on the bracket 21 are detected by the camera module. Specifically, after the plurality of electric cores 22 are mounted on the support 21, the positions of the plurality of electric cores 22 on the support 21 are photographed and detected through the photographing module, so that the distance between two adjacent electric cores 22 is ensured to be consistent, and the arrangement condition, appearance and the like of the positive and negative poles of the electric cores 22 are ensured. Wherein, the distance between two adjacent battery cells 22 can be between 0.2mm and 1.0 mm. The camera module can be a video camera and the like.
In some embodiments, the detection of the plurality of cells 22 may be performed using an automated detection device. The automated inspection apparatus may include a conveyor belt assembly and a plurality of cameras mounted on the conveyor belt assembly; the conveyor belt assembly may support a plurality of battery cells 26 and drive the plurality of battery cells 26 sequentially through the plurality of cameras. The plurality of cameras can take pictures of the plurality of battery cells 22 at different positions on the support 21.
In one embodiment, a method of manufacturing the direct liquid cooled battery system will now be described in detail. Specifically, the preparation method of the direct liquid cooling battery system comprises the following steps:
1. the cells 22 are fed and faced using a facing machine. The use of the veneer pad machine can improve the degree of automation and help to improve the feeding efficiency of the battery cell 22.
2. The voltage, resistance and other performances of each cell body are detected by manual detection or automatic detection, so as to screen out the cells 22 meeting the requirements.
3. According to step S221, the battery cells 22 are mounted on the holder 21 to form a plurality of battery cells 26.
4. In step S21, the plurality of battery cells 22 on each battery cell 26 are detected by the imaging module.
5. According to step S221, the plurality of battery cells 22 in each battery unit 26 are welded through the busbar 23, so as to realize serial-parallel connection of the plurality of battery cells 22.
6. According to step S222, a heating plate is installed between two adjacent battery cells 26, and the plurality of brackets 21 are connected by screw-to-screw engagement to achieve serial connection of the plurality of battery cells 26.
7. The welding voltage acquisition wire 24 electrically connects the plurality of battery cells 26 according to step S223.
8. According to step S23, a temperature sensor and a temperature acquisition line are installed.
9. According to step S24, a battery system protection board 25 is mounted on the bracket 21, and the voltage pickup line 24 and the temperature pickup line are electrically connected to the battery system protection board 25, respectively.
10. The assembled battery module 2 is mounted in the battery case 1 according to step S2. The battery case 1 is provided with a charging terminal 12, a discharging terminal 13, and a power switch 14 in advance, and a battery system protection board 25 in the battery module 2 is electrically connected to the charging terminal 12, the discharging terminal 13, and the power switch 14, respectively. Wherein the battery system protection plate 25 is disposed close to the charge terminal 12 and the discharge terminal 13, and a space between the battery system protection plate 25 and the battery cell 26 is not less than 3mm.
11. A heating module 3 is installed. Specifically, a first heating plate and a buffer foam 27 are installed at the front end of the battery module 2, a second heating plate 31 and a buffer foam 27 are installed at the left and right ends of the battery module 2, respectively, and a third heating plate 32 and a buffer foam 27 are installed at the bottom end of the battery module 2. Wherein the intervals between the first, second and third heating plates 31 and 32 and the battery cells 26 are 0.5mm to 5mm.
12. And (5) performing one-time charge and discharge test. Specifically, the charging terminal 12 is subjected to a charging test by a power line external circuit. The discharge terminal 13 is connected to an external device to perform a discharge test.
13. After the battery case 1 is coated with sealant, the battery case is sealed and locked. The sealant may fill gaps between the charging terminal 12, the discharging terminal 13, and the power switch 14 and the battery case 1.
14. And (5) testing air tightness. Specifically, the assembled battery case 1 was tested by an air tightness detector.
15. According to the steps S3 and S4, a coolant is injected into the battery case 1, and the balance valve 11 is installed. The balance valve 11 may be an air pressure balance valve, and may allow air to enter and exit, but may prevent cooling liquid from entering and exiting, thereby maintaining air pressure stability in the battery case 1 and preventing the cooling liquid from overflowing.
16. And (5) secondary charge and discharge test. The operation stability performance of the battery module 2 after the injection of the coolant was examined as in the primary charge-discharge test step.
17. And (5) placing the direct liquid cooling battery system for a period of time and then detecting the direct liquid cooling battery system. Specifically, the air tightness, the charge and discharge performance and the like of the direct liquid cooling battery system can be repeatedly detected, so that the long-time working stability is ensured, and the production and preparation requirements are met.
18. Spraying codes, labeling, boxing and warehousing.
The internal and external connection components such as the battery case 1, the charging terminal 12, the discharging terminal 13, the power switch 14, the communication and the like are sealed by one or more of silica gel, sealant and high polymer epoxy glue, so that the direct liquid cooling battery system meets the protection grade of the IP 68.
In order to verify the cooling effect of the direct liquid cooling battery system provided by the embodiment of the application, the direct liquid cooling battery system is subjected to static charge-discharge temperature performance test comparison with a conventional unpowered natural air cooling power battery system, and the comparison result is shown in the following table 1.
Table 1 performance comparison test table for direct liquid cooled battery system and air cooled power battery system
From the above table, it can be seen that:
1. under the static state, the temperature rise of the direct liquid cooling battery system provided by the embodiment of the application is obviously lower than that of a conventional unpowered natural air cooling power battery system and is half of that of the direct liquid cooling battery system under the same initial temperature/ambient temperature and the same current discharge condition. The temperature rise of the direct liquid cooling battery system is not more than 15 ℃, and the temperature rise of the conventional unpowered natural air cooling power battery system can reach 30 ℃ and even trigger over-temperature protection.
2. Under the static state, the temperature difference of the direct liquid cooling battery system provided by the embodiment of the application is obviously lower than that of a conventional unpowered natural air cooling power battery system under the conditions of the same initial temperature/ambient temperature and the same charging current, and the temperature difference of the direct liquid cooling battery system is less than 2 ℃.
Referring to fig. 9, the direct liquid cooling battery system provided by the embodiment of the application is applied to an electric vehicle for riding, and a graph of a relationship between a temperature and an SOC (State of Charge) of the direct liquid cooling battery system is measured in real time. From this figure, it can be seen that: in the process of riding at 35 ℃ under full power (full power, discharge current is mostly between 1 and 3C) and 4% of electric quantity, the temperature rise of the direct liquid cooling battery system is not more than 15 ℃, the highest absolute temperature is not more than 45 ℃, and the temperature difference is not more than 2 ℃.
The direct liquid cooling battery system and the preparation method thereof provided by the embodiment of the application have at least the following beneficial effects:
1. the specific heat capacity of the cooling liquid is large, the battery cells 22, the busbar 23 and the battery system protection plate 25 can be fully covered, and the cooling liquid can be fully contacted directly, so that the heat exchange efficiency and the cooling efficiency are improved.
2. The cooling liquid has good fluidity, heat can be quickly dissipated to the outside of the battery system through convection and conduction, and the temperature rise of the battery system is generally not more than 10 ℃. The temperature field in the battery system is uniformly distributed, and the temperature difference is not more than 2 ℃.
3. The cooling liquid has excellent insulating property and far exceeds air, so that the self-discharge of the battery system can be effectively reduced, and the storage performance of the battery system is improved.
4. The battery module 2, the battery system protection plate 25, the busbar 23 and the connecting wires can be completely isolated from air by adopting a cooling liquid immersion mode, so that oxidation and corrosion are avoided, and the service life is prolonged.
5. The cooling liquid submerges to isolate air, further improves the safety of the battery system, and is difficult to burn due to low temperature and oxygen deficiency even if the internal cell 22 has the problems of liquid leakage and short circuit.
6. The direct liquid cooling battery system is integrated on a product, and the temperature difference in the battery system is not more than 2 ℃ and the temperature rise is not more than 10 ℃ under the condition that the vehicle is full-load and the comprehensive working condition continuously runs and does not have active heat dissipation. The internal temperature distribution of the battery system has consistency and good heat dissipation and insulation effects, greatly reduces the thermal runaway risk generated by accumulation of heat at a certain part, and is beneficial to prolonging the service life of the battery system.
The above description is illustrative of the various embodiments of the application and is not intended to be limiting, but is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the application.
Claims (10)
1. A direct liquid cooled battery system, comprising:
the battery shell is provided with a containing cavity, a liquid injection port communicated with the containing cavity is formed in the battery shell, and a balance valve is arranged in the liquid injection port;
the battery module is arranged in the accommodating cavity;
the cooling liquid is filled in the accommodating chamber;
the battery module is characterized in that the cooling liquid submerges 70% -120% of the height of the battery module, the liquid level of the cooling liquid is smaller than the top surface of the accommodating chamber, and the height of the balance valve is larger than the liquid level of the cooling liquid.
2. The direct liquid cooled battery system of claim 1, wherein: the cooling liquid comprises one or more of mineral transformer oil, heat conducting oil and fluorinated oil of-25 # or below.
3. The direct liquid cooled battery system of claim 1, wherein: the direct liquid cooling battery system further comprises a heating module for heating the battery module, and the heating module is installed in the accommodating cavity and/or on the battery module.
4. The direct liquid cooled battery system of claim 1, wherein: the interval between the outer peripheral surface of the battery module and the inner peripheral surface of the accommodating chamber ranges from 0.5mm to 5mm.
5. A method for preparing a direct liquid-cooled battery system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
a charging terminal, a discharging terminal and a power switch are respectively arranged on the battery shell and are glued;
installing a battery module in the accommodating cavity of the battery shell, and electrically connecting the battery module with the charging terminal, the discharging terminal and the power switch respectively;
injecting cooling liquid into the accommodating cavity through a liquid injection port on the battery shell;
a balance valve is arranged in the liquid injection port;
and respectively connecting the charging terminal and the discharging terminal with an external device to perform a charging and discharging test.
6. The method for manufacturing a direct liquid cooled battery system according to claim 5, wherein the assembling of the battery module comprises the steps of:
mounting a plurality of battery cells on a bracket;
welding a plurality of battery cells in series-parallel connection through a plurality of bus bars, and welding the plurality of bus bars through a voltage acquisition line;
and installing a battery system protection board on the bracket, and electrically connecting the battery system protection board with the voltage acquisition line.
7. The method for manufacturing a direct liquid cooling battery system according to claim 6, wherein the step of welding a plurality of the battery cells in series-parallel through a plurality of bus bars and welding a plurality of the bus bars through a voltage collecting line comprises the steps of:
dividing a plurality of electric cores into a plurality of groups, respectively mounting the electric cores of the groups on a plurality of brackets, realizing series-parallel connection of the electric cores of the groups through the busbar welding, and combining the electric cores of the groups with the corresponding brackets to form a battery unit;
a heating plate is arranged between two adjacent battery units, and a plurality of brackets are connected;
and electrically connecting a plurality of battery units through the voltage acquisition line.
8. The method for manufacturing a direct liquid cooled battery system according to claim 6, further comprising the steps of:
and a plurality of temperature sensors are arranged on the battery cells and/or the support, the temperature sensors are electrically connected through temperature acquisition wires, and the temperature acquisition wires are electrically connected with the battery system protection plate.
9. The method for manufacturing a direct liquid cooled battery system according to claim 6, further comprising the steps of:
providing a plurality of battery cell bodies, and sorting the plurality of battery cell bodies to obtain a plurality of battery cells;
the step of providing a plurality of battery cell bodies and sorting the plurality of battery cell bodies to obtain a plurality of battery cells is located before the step of installing the plurality of battery cells on the support.
10. The method of manufacturing a direct liquid cooled battery system according to claim 6, wherein the step of mounting a plurality of cells on a support comprises:
and detecting a plurality of battery cells on the bracket through the camera module.
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