CN117236173A - Subway station floor slab high formwork construction monitoring and safety early warning method - Google Patents
Subway station floor slab high formwork construction monitoring and safety early warning method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a subway station floor slab high formwork construction monitoring and safety early warning method, which comprises the following steps: firstly, the construction monitoring and the safety early warning monitoring of a high formwork of a subway station floor slab are divided into the monitoring of each divided area and the monitoring of the whole structure; then, respectively obtaining a complete life cycle data set capable of representing each divided region and the whole structure by carrying out engineering mechanics analysis and risk hypothesis evaluation on each divided region and the whole structure of the high formwork; finally, training the data set through a BP neural network to obtain a model algorithm representing each divided area and the whole structure of the high formwork, automatically acquiring high formwork real-time data provided by monitoring equipment through a computer, substituting the real-time data into the corresponding model algorithm, and judging whether the data information has risks or not, namely judging whether the high formwork has risks or not; the method realizes the automatic, real-time and accurate monitoring of the high formwork.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of building construction, in particular to a subway station floor slab high formwork construction monitoring and safety early warning method.
Background
The construction of the subway station floor needs to set up a high formwork as a supporting structure so as to ensure the normal operation of the construction; the high formwork is that the formwork is erected to a height of 8m or more; setting up span 18m and above; the total construction load is 15kN/m 2 The above; the formwork supporting operation is carried out when the concentrated line load is 20kN/m or more; the construction work of the high formwork is taken as a constructionThe comprehensive operation engineering with high difficulty, high technical requirement level and high risk coefficient requirement is a subsection project engineering with larger risk exceeding a certain scale, and has the obvious characteristics of safety production accidents such as instability, randomness, burst and the like; the high formwork safety accident is mainly caused by overlarge deformation or load under the action of load to induce the failure of components in a system or the partial or whole failure of stability, so that the high formwork is partially collapsed or wholly overturned to cause the casualties of operation personnel; therefore, the smooth completion of the construction of the floor slab of the subway station is ensured, and the monitoring of the local part of the high formwork is enhanced, and the monitoring of the whole high formwork is also enhanced.
In the past, when the high formwork is monitored, corresponding monitoring equipment or instruments are installed on a construction site, local or whole conditions of the high formwork are monitored through the instruments, and local and whole conditions are rarely monitored at the same time; how to analyze the collected data is rarely mentioned, or after each data extraction, each element in the data needs to be subjected to independent data analysis, which is troublesome; therefore, it is necessary to uniformly analyze the local and the whole of the high formwork by using any method and to rapidly and accurately analyze the acquired data.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems existing in the prior art and greatly improve the technical effect on the basis of the prior art; therefore, the invention provides a subway station floor slab high formwork construction monitoring and safety early warning method, which comprises the following steps:
according to the actual condition of subway station floor construction, properly arranging a high formwork on a construction site;
dividing the arranged high formwork into areas, and dividing the high formwork into different areas; the region division includes: randomly dividing the high formwork to obtain different dividing areas; however, the monitoring can be finished by using one set of monitoring equipment for each area after the division;
monitoring of high formwork includes: monitoring each divided area and monitoring the whole high formwork;
the monitoring of each divided area comprises the following steps: respectively installing monitoring equipment in each divided area; the installing the monitoring equipment in each divided area comprises the following steps: an inclination angle sensor, a displacement sensor and a shaft pressure sensor; the monitoring of the high formwork overall comprises the following steps: the monitoring equipment is arranged at a proper position on the periphery of the high formwork and used for monitoring the overall condition of the high formwork; the installation of the monitoring device at the proper position of the periphery of the high formwork comprises the following steps: an inclination sensor and a displacement sensor;
obtaining original information x of each divided area of high formwork through sensor i And overall information X, the original information X i And the whole information X are vectors, wherein the original information X i The vertical displacement, the horizontal displacement, the vertical rod axial force and the vertical rod inclination angle are parameters; the whole information X comprises whole vertical displacement, horizontal displacement and vertical rod inclination angle;
by carrying out engineering mechanical analysis and risk hypothesis evaluation on each divided area and the whole structure of the high formwork, a data set { x ] of each divided area is obtained i1 ，x i2 ，…x in Data set of sum whole structure { X } 1 ，X 2 ，…X m -a }; wherein each element in each dataset represents a vector, x in Representing nth data information corresponding to the ith divided area obtained after engineering mechanical analysis and risk hypothesis evaluation; x is X m The mth data information of the overall structure obtained after engineering mechanics analysis and risk hypothesis evaluation is represented; the risk hypothesis evaluation includes: a hypothetical assessment of when there is no risk and when there is a risk; through evaluation, a series of data sets corresponding to each divided area when no risk exists and each divided area when the risk exists and a series of data sets corresponding to the whole structure when the risk does not exist and the whole structure when the risk exists are respectively obtained;
assigning a value to each element in the dataset, assigning a value of 1 to elements without risk, and assigning a value of 0 to elements with risk; then, training the assigned data set by adopting a BP neural network algorithm to respectively obtain model algorithms of each divided area and the whole structure of the high formwork;
the equipment is accessed into a computer, and the computer automatically transmits and acquires the data information of each divided area and the whole structure through the monitoring equipment; then, the computer substitutes the acquired data information of each divided area and the whole structure into a corresponding model algorithm to judge whether each divided area and the whole structure have risks or not; if the risk exists, the construction site is informed to pause construction, and maintenance staff is informed to maintain and strengthen the area with the risk.
Further, the actual conditions of subway station floor construction include: actual conditions of a construction site and design schemes of the whole construction.
Further, the random division of the high formwork includes: according to the limitation of the monitoring equipment during dividing; after the division of the areas is ensured, each divided area can be monitored safely through a set of monitoring equipment.
Further, the monitoring of each divided area is to monitor each area randomly divided by the high formwork, including monitoring the vertical displacement, horizontal displacement, vertical rod axial force and vertical rod inclination angle of the monitored area; the overall monitoring of the high formwork is to monitor the overall of the high formwork, and comprises monitoring of vertical displacement, horizontal displacement and vertical rod inclination angle of the overall of the high formwork.
Further, the original information x of each divided area of the high formwork is obtained through a sensor i And the overall information X includes: the method comprises the steps that an installed sensor is accessed into a computer, and the computer sends a request for acquiring original information of each divided area and overall information of a high formwork to monitoring equipment; and then the monitoring equipment collects the original information of each divided area and the whole information of the high formwork and feeds the information back to the computer.
Further, the engineering mechanics analysis and risk hypothesis evaluation on each divided area and the whole structure of the high formwork comprise the following steps: data set { x ] of each divided region obtained by carrying out engineering mechanics analysis and risk hypothesis evaluation on each divided region of high formwork i1 ，x i2 ，…x in Including risky and non-risky data, for high-count formsData set { X } of overall structure obtained by carrying out engineering mechanics analysis and risk hypothesis evaluation on overall structure 1 ，X 2 ，…X m The data with risk and the data without risk are included in the }.
Further, the assigning each element in the dataset includes: data set { x for each divided region i1 ，x i2 ，…x in Data without risk in } is assigned 1, data with risk is assigned 0, and the data set after assignment is { (x) i1 ，y i1 )，(x i2 ，y i2 )，…(x in ，y in ) -a }; data set for high formwork overall structure { (X) 1 ，Y 1 )，(X 2 ，Y 2 )，…(X m ，Y m ) Data without risk in the data set is assigned 1, and data with risk is assigned 0.
Further, training the assigned data set by adopting a BP neural network algorithm comprises the following steps: training data after assigning values to each divided area and the whole structure of the high formwork through a BP neural network algorithm to obtain model algorithms of each divided area and the whole structure respectively; the BP neural network algorithm is an error back propagation algorithm, and the step of training data by the BP neural network comprises the following steps: a) Input training setSetting a learning rate eta and an activation function; b) Randomly initializing all connection weights and thresholds in the network within the range of (0, 1); c) Continuously updating all connection total sum thresholds in the network according to a gradient descent method; d) Continuously updating the connection weight and the threshold value in the network until reaching the stopping condition; e) And outputting the BP neural network model finally determined by the connection weight and the threshold value after the stop condition is reached.
Further, the setting the learning rate η and the activation function includes: the learning rate eta is set to 0.1, and the activating function adopts a Sigmoid function; the expression of Sigmoid is:
further, the automatic sending and acquiring, by the computer, the data information of each divided area and the whole structure through the monitoring device includes: continuously sending a request for acquiring the data information of each divided area and the whole structure to the monitoring equipment through the accessed computer, and feeding back the acquired data information to the computer after each monitoring equipment acquires the data information of each divided area and the whole structure of the high formwork; then, the computer inputs the received data information into a BP neural network model corresponding to the data information, and judges whether the data information has risks or not; if the data information is input into the BP neural network model corresponding to the data information, and the obtained result is 1, the input data information is proved to have no risk; and if the data information is input into the BP neural network model corresponding to the data information, and the obtained result is 0, proving that the input data information has risk.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention provides a method for monitoring the construction of a high formwork of a subway station floor and safety precaution, which comprises the steps of dividing the construction monitoring and the safety precaution monitoring of the high formwork of the subway station floor into monitoring of each divided area and monitoring of the whole structure, so as to realize the complete monitoring of the high formwork from local part to whole during and after the construction; carrying out engineering mechanical analysis and risk hypothesis evaluation on each divided area and the whole structure of the high formwork to respectively obtain a complete life cycle data set capable of representing each divided area and the whole structure, wherein the data set comprises a data set when no risk exists and a data set when the risk exists, and a function or model obtained by using the data set can reflect the actual data change condition of the complete life cycle of the high formwork; finally, training the data set through a BP neural network to obtain a model algorithm representing each divided area and the whole structure of the high formwork, automatically acquiring high formwork real-time data provided by monitoring equipment through a computer, substituting the real-time data into the corresponding model algorithm, and judging whether the data information has risks or not, namely judging whether the high formwork has risks or not; therefore, the method can realize rapid and accurate processing of the high formwork data, and realize automatic, real-time and accurate monitoring of the high formwork.
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Fig. 1: the invention discloses a flow chart of a subway station floor slab high formwork construction monitoring and safety early warning method.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the particular embodiments presented herein are illustrative and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention.
It should be noted that numerous specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, that other embodiments of the invention and variations thereof are possible and, therefore, the scope of the invention is not limited by the specific examples disclosed below.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for monitoring and early warning safety in high formwork construction of a subway station floor according to an embodiment of the invention includes: step S100, properly arranging a high formwork on a construction site according to the actual condition of subway station floor construction; step S101, dividing the arranged high formwork into areas, and dividing the high formwork into different areas; the region division includes: randomly dividing the high formwork to obtain different dividing areas; however, the monitoring can be finished by using one set of monitoring equipment for each area after the division; step S102, monitoring the high formwork comprises the following steps: monitoring each divided area and monitoring the whole high formwork; step S103, the monitoring of each divided area includes: respectively installing monitoring equipment in each divided area; the installing the monitoring equipment in each divided area comprises the following steps: an inclination angle sensor, a displacement sensor and a shaft pressure sensor; the monitoring of the high formwork overall comprises the following steps: the monitoring equipment is arranged at a proper position on the periphery of the high formwork and used for monitoring the overall condition of the high formwork; the installation of the monitoring device at the proper position of the periphery of the high formwork comprises the following steps: an inclination sensor and a displacement sensor; step S104, obtaining original information x of each divided area of the high formwork through a sensor i And overall information X, the original information X i And the whole information X are vectors, wherein the original information X i The vertical displacement, the horizontal displacement, the vertical rod axial force and the vertical rod inclination angle are parameters; the whole information X comprises whole vertical displacement, horizontal displacement and vertical rod inclination angle; step S105, obtaining a data set { x } of each divided region by carrying out engineering mechanics analysis and risk hypothesis evaluation on each divided region and the whole structure of the high formwork i1 ，x i2 ，…x in Data set of sum whole structure { X } 1 ，X 2 ，…X m -a }; wherein each element in each dataset represents a vector, x in Representing nth data information corresponding to the ith divided area obtained after engineering mechanical analysis and risk hypothesis evaluation; x is X m The mth data information of the overall structure obtained after engineering mechanics analysis and risk hypothesis evaluation is represented; the risk hypothesis evaluation includes: a hypothetical assessment of when there is no risk and when there is a risk; through evaluation, a series of data sets corresponding to each divided area when no risk exists and each divided area when the risk exists and a series of data sets corresponding to the whole structure when the risk does not exist and the whole structure when the risk exists are respectively obtained; step S106, each element in the data set is assigned, the element without risk is assigned 1, and the element with risk is assigned 0; then, training the assigned data set by adopting a BP neural network algorithm to respectively obtain model algorithms of each divided area and the whole structure of the high formwork; step S107, the equipment is accessed into a computer, and the computer automatically sends and acquires the data information of each divided area and the whole structure through the monitoring equipment; then, the computer substitutes the acquired data information of each divided area and the whole structure into a corresponding model algorithm to judge whether each divided area and the whole structure have risks or not; if the risk exists, the construction site is informed to pause construction, and maintenance staff is informed to maintain and strengthen the area with the risk.
Specifically, the method comprises the steps of firstly dividing construction monitoring and safety early warning monitoring of a high formwork of a subway station floor slab into monitoring of each divided area and monitoring of an integral structure; then, respectively obtaining a complete life cycle data set capable of representing each divided region and the whole structure by carrying out engineering mechanics analysis and risk hypothesis evaluation on each divided region and the whole structure of the high formwork; finally, training the data set through a BP neural network to obtain a model algorithm representing each divided area and the whole structure of the high formwork, automatically acquiring high formwork real-time data provided by monitoring equipment through a computer, substituting the real-time data into the corresponding model algorithm, and judging whether the data information has risks or not, namely judging whether the high formwork has risks or not; and (5) timely maintaining and reinforcing the high formwork risk area with risk.
Step S100, properly arranging a high formwork on a construction site according to the actual condition of subway station floor construction; specifically, through comprehensive analysis of a construction site, the actual condition of subway station floor construction is determined, and a high formwork is reasonably arranged on the construction site according to the actual condition.
In the above embodiment, specifically, practical situations of subway station floor construction include: actual conditions of a construction site and design schemes of the whole construction.
Step S101, dividing the arranged high formwork into areas, and dividing the high formwork into different areas; the region division includes: randomly dividing the high formwork to obtain different dividing areas; however, the monitoring can be finished by using one set of monitoring equipment for each area after the division; specifically, the high formwork arranged on the construction site is divided into areas, and the high formwork is divided into different areas by random division, but the principle is to be followed: each divided area can be monitored by using one set of monitoring equipment; the set of monitoring equipment comprises: an inclination sensor, a displacement sensor or an axial pressure sensor.
In the above embodiment, specifically, when the high formwork is arbitrarily divided, the limitation of the monitoring device is adopted; after random area division is carried out on the high formwork, each divided area can be monitored safely through one set of monitoring equipment.
In the above embodiment, preferably, the high formwork may be arbitrarily divided during the construction of the high formwork and during the construction of the subway station floor after the construction of the high formwork, so that after division, each divided area is ensured to be monitored by a set of monitoring equipment.
Step S102, monitoring the high formwork comprises the following steps: monitoring each divided area and monitoring the whole high formwork; specifically, after the area division is carried out on the high formwork, the monitoring of the high formwork is divided into the monitoring of each divided area and the monitoring of the whole high formwork; the monitoring of each divided area is to monitor the local part of the high formwork, and the monitoring of the whole high formwork refers to the monitoring of the macroscopic whole high formwork.
In the above embodiment, specifically, the monitoring of each divided area is to monitor each area of the high formwork which is divided randomly, including monitoring the vertical displacement, horizontal displacement, vertical pole shaft force and vertical pole inclination of the monitored area; the overall monitoring of the high formwork is to monitor the overall of the high formwork, and comprises monitoring of vertical displacement, horizontal displacement and vertical rod inclination angle of the overall of the high formwork.
Step S103, the monitoring of each divided area includes: respectively installing monitoring equipment in each divided area; the installing the monitoring equipment in each divided area comprises the following steps: an inclination angle sensor, a displacement sensor and a shaft pressure sensor; the monitoring of the high formwork overall comprises the following steps: the monitoring equipment is arranged at a proper position on the periphery of the high formwork and used for monitoring the overall condition of the high formwork; the installation of the monitoring device at the proper position of the periphery of the high formwork comprises the following steps: an inclination sensor and a displacement sensor; specifically, the local condition of the high formwork is monitored by installing monitoring equipment in each divided area of the high formwork, and the overall condition of the high formwork is monitored by installing monitoring equipment on the periphery of the whole high formwork.
Step S104, obtaining original information x of each divided area of the high formwork through a sensor i And overall information X, the original information X i And the whole information X are vectors, wherein the original information X i The vertical displacement, the horizontal displacement, the vertical rod axial force and the vertical rod inclination angle are parameters; the whole information X comprises whole vertical displacement, horizontal displacement and vertical rod inclination angle; specifically, each division of the high formwork is obtained through various sensorsOriginal information x of the sub-area i And overall information X; the vertical displacement and the horizontal displacement are obtained through a displacement sensor, the vertical rod axial force is obtained through an axial pressure sensor, and the vertical rod inclination angle is obtained through an inclination angle sensor.
In the above embodiment, specifically, the installed sensor is accessed to the computer, and the computer sends a request for acquiring the original information of each divided area and the overall information of the high formwork to the monitoring device; and then the monitoring equipment collects the original information of each divided area and the whole information of the high formwork and feeds the information back to the computer.
Step S105, obtaining a data set { x } of each divided region by carrying out engineering mechanics analysis and risk hypothesis evaluation on each divided region and the whole structure of the high formwork i1 ，x i2 ，…x in Data set of sum whole structure { X } 1 ，X 2 ，…X m -a }; wherein each element in each dataset represents a vector, x in Representing nth data information corresponding to the ith divided area obtained after engineering mechanical analysis and risk hypothesis evaluation; x is X m The mth data information of the overall structure obtained after engineering mechanics analysis and risk hypothesis evaluation is represented; the risk hypothesis evaluation includes: a hypothetical assessment of when there is no risk and when there is a risk; through evaluation, a series of data sets corresponding to each divided region when no risk exists and each divided region when the risk exists and a series of data sets corresponding to the whole structure when the risk does not exist and each divided region when the risk exists are obtained respectively.
In the above embodiment, specifically, performing engineering mechanics analysis and risk hypothesis evaluation on each divided region and the overall structure of the high formwork includes: data set { x ] of each divided region obtained by carrying out engineering mechanics analysis and risk hypothesis evaluation on each divided region of high formwork i1 ，x i2 ，…x in The data set { X } of the overall structure obtained by carrying out engineering mechanics analysis and risk hypothesis evaluation on the high-formwork overall structure comprises data with risk and data without risk 1 ，X 2 ，…X m Include memory thereinAt risk data and risk-free data
In the above embodiment, preferably, the specific way of performing risk hypothesis assessment on each divided area and the overall structure of the high formwork is as follows: when carrying out risk hypothesis evaluation on a certain divided area, judging that the divided area is in a certain state and is not at risk through hypothesis and mechanical analysis, and extracting data of the divided area at the moment, namely, the data is not at risk; if it is determined that the divided area is at risk in a certain state by hypothesis and mechanical analysis, the data at the time of the divided area is extracted, namely, the risk exists.
Step S106, each element in the data set is assigned, the element without risk is assigned 1, and the element with risk is assigned 0; then, training the assigned data set by adopting a BP neural network algorithm to respectively obtain model algorithms of each divided area and the whole structure of the high formwork; assigning values to the data sets obtained in step S105, wherein each element in each data set corresponds to a specific value; and then training the assigned data set by adopting a BP neural network algorithm.
In the above embodiment, specifically, assigning each element in the data set includes: data set { x for each divided region i1 ，x i2 ，…x in Data without risk in } is assigned 1, data with risk is assigned 0, and the data set after assignment is { (x) i1 ，y i1 )，(x i2 ，y i2 )，…(x in ，y in ) -a }; data set for high formwork overall structure { (X) 1 ，Y 1 )，(X 2 ，Y 2 )，…(X m ，Y m ) Data without risk in the data set is assigned 1, and data with risk is assigned 0.
In the above embodiment, specifically, training the data set after assignment by using the BP neural network algorithm includes: training data after assigning values to each divided area and the whole structure of the high formwork through a BP neural network algorithm to obtain model algorithms of each divided area and the whole structure respectively; the BP neural network algorithmFor an error back propagation algorithm, the step of training the data by the BP neural network comprises the following steps: a) Input training setSetting a learning rate eta and an activation function; b) Randomly initializing all connection weights and thresholds in the network within the range of (0, 1); c) Continuously updating all connection total sum thresholds in the network according to a gradient descent method; d) Continuously updating the connection weight and the threshold value in the network until reaching the stopping condition; e) And outputting the BP neural network model finally determined by the connection weight and the threshold value after the stop condition is reached.
In the above embodiment, specifically, the learning rate η for training the data set by the BP neural network is set to 0.1, and the activation function is a Sigmoid function; the expression of Sigmoid is:
step S107, the equipment is accessed into a computer, and the computer automatically sends and acquires the data information of each divided area and the whole structure through the monitoring equipment; then, the computer substitutes the acquired data information of each divided area and the whole structure into a corresponding model algorithm to judge whether each divided area and the whole structure have risks or not; if the risk exists, notifying a construction site to pause construction, and notifying maintenance personnel to maintain and strengthen the region with the risk; specifically, a computer connected with the monitoring equipment is used for continuously sending a request for acquiring the data information of each divided area and the whole structure to the monitoring equipment, and the monitoring equipment directly extracts the data information of each divided area and the whole structure and feeds the data information back to the computer after receiving the request; after the computer obtains the data information fed back by the monitoring equipment, the data information of each divided area and the whole structure is substituted into the corresponding model algorithm, and whether the data information of each divided area and the whole structure has risks is judged through the result of the used model algorithm.
In the above embodiment, specifically, a request for acquiring data information of each divided area and the whole structure is continuously sent to the monitoring device through the accessed computer, and after each monitoring device acquires the data information of each divided area and the whole structure of the high formwork, the acquired data information is fed back to the computer; then, the computer inputs the received data information into a BP neural network model corresponding to the data information, and judges whether the data information has risks or not; if the data information is input into the BP neural network model corresponding to the data information, and the obtained result is 1, the input data information is proved to have no risk; and if the data information is input into the BP neural network model corresponding to the data information, and the obtained result is 0, proving that the input data information has risk.
In the above embodiment, specifically, if the result proves that the input data information does not have risk after inputting the data information of a certain divided area into the BP neural network model corresponding to the data information, the data information is proved to have no risk in the divided area corresponding to the data information; if the result proves that the input data information has risks, the risk of the divided area corresponding to the data information is proved; the characteristics are also provided when the overall structure of the high formwork is monitored and analyzed.
In the above embodiment, specifically, when each divided area and the whole of the high formwork are monitored, whether each divided area or the whole structure of the high formwork has risk is determined by substituting the extracted data information of each divided area and the data information of the whole structure into the corresponding BP neural network model algorithm; it should be noted that when all the high formwork dividing areas and the whole structure are not at risk, the high formwork is not at risk; if the risk exists in the dividing area or the integral structure of the high formwork, the risk exists in the high formwork, timely early warning is needed at the moment, workers on the construction site are informed of stopping construction, the site is far away, and technicians are informed of maintenance and reinforcement.
It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments are one or more embodiments of the invention, and that many other embodiments and variations thereof are possible in accordance with the invention; variations and modifications of the invention, which are intended to be within the scope of the invention, will occur to those skilled in the art without any development of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A subway station floor slab high formwork construction monitoring and safety early warning method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) According to the actual condition of subway station floor construction, properly arranging a high formwork on a construction site;
2) Dividing the arranged high formwork into areas, and dividing the high formwork into different areas; the region division includes: randomly dividing the high formwork to obtain different dividing areas; however, the monitoring can be finished by using one set of monitoring equipment for each area after the division;
3) Monitoring of high formwork includes: monitoring each divided area and monitoring the whole high formwork;
4) The monitoring of each divided area comprises the following steps: respectively installing monitoring equipment in each divided area; the installing the monitoring equipment in each divided area comprises the following steps: an inclination angle sensor, a displacement sensor and a shaft pressure sensor; the monitoring of the high formwork overall comprises the following steps: the monitoring equipment is arranged at a proper position on the periphery of the high formwork and used for monitoring the overall condition of the high formwork; the installation of the monitoring device at the proper position of the periphery of the high formwork comprises the following steps: an inclination sensor and a displacement sensor;
5) Obtaining original information x of each divided area of high formwork through sensor i And overall information X, the original information X i And the whole information X are vectors, wherein the original information X i The vertical displacement, the horizontal displacement, the vertical rod axial force and the vertical rod inclination angle are parameters; the whole information X comprises whole vertical displacement, horizontal displacement and vertical rod inclination angle;
6) By carrying out engineering mechanical analysis and risk hypothesis evaluation on each divided area and the whole structure of the high formwork, a data set { x ] of each divided area is obtained i1 ，x i2 ，…x in Data set of sum whole structure { X } 1 ，X 2 ，…X m -a }; wherein each element in each dataset represents a vector, x in Representing the risk through engineering mechanics analysisThe nth data information corresponding to the ith divided area is obtained after the hypothesis evaluation; x is X m The mth data information of the overall structure obtained after engineering mechanics analysis and risk hypothesis evaluation is represented; the risk hypothesis evaluation includes: a hypothetical assessment of when there is no risk and when there is a risk; through evaluation, a series of data sets corresponding to each divided area when no risk exists and each divided area when the risk exists and a series of data sets corresponding to the whole structure when the risk does not exist and the whole structure when the risk exists are respectively obtained;
7) Assigning a value to each element in the dataset, assigning a value of 1 to elements without risk, and assigning a value of 0 to elements with risk; then, training the assigned data set by adopting a BP neural network algorithm to respectively obtain model algorithms of each divided area and the whole structure of the high formwork;
8) The equipment is accessed into a computer, and the computer automatically transmits and acquires the data information of each divided area and the whole structure through the monitoring equipment; then, the computer substitutes the acquired data information of each divided area and the whole structure into a corresponding model algorithm to judge whether each divided area and the whole structure have risks or not; if the risk exists, the construction site is informed to pause construction, and maintenance staff is informed to maintain and strengthen the area with the risk.
2. The method for monitoring and early warning safety of high formwork construction of a subway station floor according to claim 1, wherein the actual condition of the subway station floor construction comprises: actual conditions of a construction site and design schemes of the whole construction.
3. The method for monitoring and early warning safety of high formwork construction of a subway station floor according to claim 1, wherein the randomly dividing the high formwork comprises: according to the limitation of the monitoring equipment during dividing; after the division of the areas is ensured, each divided area can be monitored safely through a set of monitoring equipment.
4. The method for monitoring and early warning safety of high formwork construction of a subway station floor according to claim 1, wherein the monitoring of each divided area is to monitor each area of the high formwork which is randomly divided, and comprises the monitoring of vertical displacement, horizontal displacement, vertical rod axial force and vertical rod inclination angle of the monitored area; the overall monitoring of the high formwork is to monitor the overall of the high formwork, and comprises monitoring of vertical displacement, horizontal displacement and vertical rod inclination angle of the overall of the high formwork.
5. The method for monitoring and early warning safety of high formwork construction of subway station floor according to claim 1, wherein the method is characterized in that the sensor obtains original information x of each divided area of the high formwork i And the overall information X includes: the method comprises the steps that an installed sensor is accessed into a computer, and the computer sends a request for acquiring original information of each divided area and overall information of a high formwork to monitoring equipment; and then the monitoring equipment collects the original information of each divided area and the whole information of the high formwork and feeds the information back to the computer.
6. The method for monitoring and early warning safety of high formwork construction of a subway station floor according to claim 1, wherein the steps of carrying out engineering mechanics analysis and risk hypothesis assessment on each divided area and the whole structure of the high formwork comprise the following steps: data set { x ] of each divided region obtained by carrying out engineering mechanics analysis and risk hypothesis evaluation on each divided region of high formwork i1 ，x i2 ，…x in The data set { X } of the overall structure obtained by carrying out engineering mechanics analysis and risk hypothesis evaluation on the high-formwork overall structure comprises data with risk and data without risk 1 ，X 2 ，…X m The data with risk and the data without risk are included in the }.
7. The method for monitoring and early warning safety of high formwork construction of a subway station floor according to claim 1, wherein the assigning each element in the data set comprises: data set { for each divided regionx i1 ，x i2 ，…x in Data without risk in } is assigned 1, data with risk is assigned 0, and the data set after assignment is { (x) i1 ，y i1 )，(x i2 ，y i2 )，…(x in ，y in ) -a }; data set for high formwork overall structure { (X) 1 ，Y 1 )，(X 2 ，Y 2 )，…(X m ，Y m ) Data without risk in the data set is assigned 1, and data with risk is assigned 0.
8. The method for monitoring and early warning safety of high formwork construction of a subway station floor according to claim 1, wherein training the assigned data set by adopting a BP neural network algorithm comprises: training data after assigning values to each divided area and the whole structure of the high formwork through a BP neural network algorithm to obtain model algorithms of each divided area and the whole structure respectively; the BP neural network algorithm is an error back propagation algorithm, and the step of training data by the BP neural network comprises the following steps: a) Input training setSetting a learning rate eta and an activation function; b) Randomly initializing all connection weights and thresholds in the network within the range of (0, 1); c) Continuously updating all connection total sum thresholds in the network according to a gradient descent method; d) Continuously updating the connection weight and the threshold value in the network until reaching the stopping condition; e) And outputting the BP neural network model finally determined by the connection weight and the threshold value after the stop condition is reached.
9. The method for monitoring and early warning safety of high formwork construction of a subway station floor according to claim 8, wherein the setting of the learning rate η and the activation function comprises: the learning rate eta is set to 0.1, and the activating function adopts a Sigmoid function; the expression of Sigmoid is:
10. the method for monitoring and early warning safety of high formwork construction of a subway station floor according to claim 1, wherein the step of automatically sending and acquiring the data information of each divided area and the whole structure by the computer through the monitoring equipment comprises the following steps: continuously sending a request for acquiring the data information of each divided area and the whole structure to the monitoring equipment through the accessed computer, and feeding back the acquired data information to the computer after each monitoring equipment acquires the data information of each divided area and the whole structure of the high formwork; then, the computer inputs the received data information into a BP neural network model corresponding to the data information, and judges whether the data information has risks or not; if the data information is input into the BP neural network model corresponding to the data information, and the obtained result is 1, the input data information is proved to have no risk; and if the data information is input into the BP neural network model corresponding to the data information, and the obtained result is 0, proving that the input data information has risk.
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