CN117233264B - Ultrasonic detection device and method for detecting internal defects of metal parts - Google Patents
Ultrasonic detection device and method for detecting internal defects of metal parts Download PDFInfo
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- CN117233264B CN117233264B CN202311515315.5A CN202311515315A CN117233264B CN 117233264 B CN117233264 B CN 117233264B CN 202311515315 A CN202311515315 A CN 202311515315A CN 117233264 B CN117233264 B CN 117233264B
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- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 8
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- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal part detection, and discloses an ultrasonic detection device and method for detecting internal defects of metal parts; comprises an ultrasonic flaw detector main body, a probe connected with the ultrasonic flaw detector main body through a wire and a protective sleeve sleeved and fixedly connected on the outer wall of the probe. According to the invention, when the metal pipeline in the sleeve is required to be internally detected, the moving assembly is arranged on the probe, the probe is vertically arranged at the top of the metal pipeline, the motor is started, the motor drives the third rotating column and the worm to rotate through the first sprocket, the second sprocket and the chain, the worm drives the rotating wheel to rotate through the worm wheel and the first rotating shaft, the rotating wheel can drive the moving assembly and the probe to move on the outer wall of the metal pipeline, so that the probe can move to the depth of the sleeve, and under the limiting action of the two elastic connecting blocks and the four rollers, the probe is kept vertical all the time, and the accuracy of probe detection is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal part detection, in particular to an ultrasonic detection device and method for detecting internal defects of metal parts.
Background
The metal parts comprise various pipelines such as petroleum, natural gas and the like, internal defects such as cracks or air holes can possibly occur in the pipelines in the production process of the petroleum, natural gas and the like, so that the strength of the parts can be reduced, the internal defects can influence the service performance and service life of the parts, the products are required to be detected for internal defects in the production process or after the service time is long, the quality and the reliability of the products can be screened and ensured, the service condition of the products is known, and the detection of the metal pipelines is usually carried out through a special ultrasonic flaw detector.
The ultrasonic flaw detector utilizes the reflection principle of ultrasonic wave to emit ultrasonic waves into metal materials, then receives reflected ultrasonic waves, can detect defects in the metal materials by analyzing the reflected waves, comprises a probe and other structures, can emit ultrasonic waves into the metal materials through the probe, has a half of metal pipelines buried in the air, and has the other half of the metal pipelines in the soil, if the pipelines traversing the road are the paving mode, the sleeve is buried under the road to play a protective role, the metal pipelines pass through the sleeve, gaps exist between the sleeve and the metal pipelines, and are small and long, detection is troublesome by a worker holding the probe, and the metal pipelines deep in the sleeve cannot be detected.
In view of this, the present application proposes an ultrasonic inspection apparatus and method for inspecting internal defects of metal parts.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an ultrasonic detection device and an ultrasonic detection method for detecting the internal defects of metal parts.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an ultrasonic detection device for detecting metal part internal defect, includes ultrasonic flaw detector main part, establishes the protective sheath of rigid coupling at the probe outer wall with the cover through the probe that wire and ultrasonic flaw detector main part are connected, still includes:
and the moving assembly is arranged on the outer wall of the protective sleeve and used for enabling the probe to move on the top of the metal pipeline.
And the auxiliary balance assembly is arranged on the moving assembly and is used for being adapted to the outer walls of the metal pipelines with various sizes.
And the couplant extrusion assembly is arranged on the moving assembly and is used for extruding the couplant to the top of the metal pipeline.
The couplant scraping component is arranged on the couplant extrusion component and is used for scraping the couplant extruded by the couplant extrusion component.
The connecting component is arranged on the protective sleeve and the moving component and is used for connecting and fixing the moving component and the protective sleeve.
The cleaning component is arranged on the moving component and is used for cleaning and scraping residual couplant.
Further, the movable assembly comprises a shell sleeved on the outer wall of the protective sleeve, a motor is fixedly connected to the top of the shell, a first rotating column is rotationally connected to the inner wall of the shell, the first rotating column is located on the middle plane of the shell, a first sprocket is fixedly connected to the surface of the first rotating column, two second rotating columns and two third rotating columns are rotationally connected to the shell, the two second rotating columns and the two third rotating columns are symmetrically arranged, two second sprockets are fixedly connected to the surface of the second rotating columns and the surface of the two third rotating columns, four second sprockets are connected with the first sprocket through chain transmission, two third rotating columns are fixedly connected with worms, two side walls of the shell are fixedly connected with first connecting shells symmetrically arranged about the shell, one side wall of the first connecting shells is rotationally connected with a first rotating shaft, one end of each first rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a worm wheel symmetrically arranged about the shell, two worm wheels are respectively meshed with the corresponding first rotating shafts, and the other end of each worm wheel is fixedly connected with the first connecting shells.
Further, the auxiliary balance component comprises an elastic connecting block fixedly connected to the first connecting shell, one end of the elastic connecting block is fixedly connected with a second connecting shell, two rollers are rotationally connected to the second connecting shell, two first fixing plates are fixedly connected to the top of the first connecting shell, a second rotating shaft is rotationally connected between the first fixing plates, a winding roller is fixedly connected to the surface of the second rotating shaft, a connecting belt is fixedly connected to the surface of the winding roller in a winding manner, one end of the connecting belt is fixedly connected to the top of the second connecting shell, a circular gear is fixedly connected to one end of the second rotating shaft, a first spring is fixedly connected to the top of the first connecting shell, a pressing plate which is slidably connected to the top of the first spring is fixedly connected with a limiting tooth, and the limiting tooth is inserted between teeth of the circular gear.
Further, the couplant extrusion assembly comprises a box body fixedly connected to the shell, a connecting pipe for adding the couplant is arranged on the box body, a threaded column is connected to the top of the box body in a rotating mode, a lifting plate is connected to the surface of the threaded column in a threaded mode, four guide rods are fixedly connected to the bottom of the lifting plate, an extrusion plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of each guide rod through the top of the box body, a limit sliding rail is fixedly connected to one side wall of the box body, a sliding block is connected to the limit sliding rail in a sliding mode, the sliding block slides on the limit sliding rail through an electric mechanism, a pawl is connected to the sliding block in a rotating mode through a rotating rod, a torsion spring is arranged between the pawl and the sliding block, a baffle plate in contact with the pawl is fixedly connected to the sliding block, a second fixing plate is fixedly connected to the top of the box body, a third rotating shaft is connected to the second fixing plate in a rotating mode, teeth on one end of the third rotating shaft are fixedly connected with a first ratchet wheel, teeth on one side of the first ratchet wheel, which are close to the limit sliding rail, are located on the pawl along a sliding track of the limit sliding rail, and the top of the threaded column is fixedly connected to a first bevel gear.
Further, the couplant scraping component comprises a third fixing plate fixedly connected to the box body, a fourth rotating shaft is rotationally connected to the third fixing plate, a second ratchet wheel is fixedly connected to one end of the fourth rotating shaft, teeth on one side, close to the limiting sliding rail, of the second ratchet wheel are located on a track, along which the pawl slides, of the limiting sliding rail, a T-shaped plate is arranged on one side of the third fixing plate, a connecting column is fixedly connected to the bottom of the T-shaped plate, a scraping rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting column, a torsion spring is fixedly connected between the scraping rod and the T-shaped plate, a slot is formed in the top end of the connecting column, a lifting column is slidably inserted in the slot, a second bevel gear meshed with the top end of the lifting column and the other end of the fourth rotating shaft, and a magnet in contact with the second bevel gear is fixedly connected to the inner portion of one end, close to the fourth rotating shaft and the second bevel gear.
Further, a connecting plate is fixedly connected to the sliding block, a connecting rod is fixedly connected to the T-shaped plate, two guide posts are fixedly connected to the box body, the T-shaped plate is slidably connected to the surface of the guide posts, and a second spring sleeved outside the guide posts is fixedly connected between the T-shaped plate and the box body.
Further, coupling assembling includes the ring board of rigid coupling in the outer wall of sheath, four round holes have been seted up on the ring board, the slip is inserted in the round hole and is equipped with the fixed column, the socket has been seted up on the fixed column, the top of ring board is rotated through the sliding block and is connected with the rotation ring board, the bottom of rotating the ring board has four inserted posts through the connecting block rigid coupling, inserted the post and inserted in corresponding socket, threaded connection has the threaded rod of inserting and establishing in the ring board on the rotation ring board, the top rigid coupling of threaded rod has the piece of revolveing.
Further, four electric push rods are fixedly connected to the top end of the shell, a connecting plate is fixedly connected to the output end of each electric push rod, the fixing column is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting plate, and a sealing ring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom end of the probe.
Further, the clearance subassembly is including two fourth fixed plates of rigid coupling at the top of casing, two rotate between the fourth fixed plate and be connected with the wane, the rigid coupling has the torsional spring between wane and the fourth fixed plate, the top of wane and the bottom contact of ring board, the other end rigid coupling of wane has the connection frame, the rigid coupling has the connection cloth in the connection frame.
The ultrasonic detection method for detecting the internal defects of the metal parts comprises the following steps:
s1: cleaning the surface of the metal pipeline to be detected, wherein special cleaning agents can be used for cleaning, and dust impurities and rust are cleaned;
s2: selecting a proper probe and a coupling agent, contacting the probe with the coupling agent, and smearing the coupling agent on the surface of a metal pipeline;
s3: placing the probe on the top of the metal pipeline in a bonding way, enabling the probe to be perpendicular to the metal pipeline, and moving the probe to detect all positions of the metal pipeline;
s4: processing the received electrical signal to extract a characteristic value associated with the defect;
s5: comparing the extracted characteristic value with a preset defect characteristic value to determine whether a defect exists;
s6: and identifying and classifying the defects according to the comparison result.
The ultrasonic detection device and the ultrasonic detection method for detecting the internal defects of the metal parts have the technical effects and advantages that:
(1) Through setting up the removal subassembly, when needs carry out the internal detection to the intraductal metal pipeline of cover, install the removal subassembly on the probe, place the top at metal pipeline perpendicularly with the probe, rotatory second pivot, the second pivot can be with the connecting band rolling to the wind-up roll on, the second pivot passes through the connecting band and can stimulate the second connection shell, make elastic connection piece deformation, make elastic connection piece's shape accord with the outer wall shape of waiting to detect the pipeline, even gyro wheel and rotation wheel contact with metal pipeline outer wall simultaneously, the starter motor, the motor drives third through first sprocket, second sprocket and chain and rotates post and worm, the worm passes through worm wheel and first pivot and drives rotation wheel and rotate, rotation wheel rotation can drive removal subassembly and probe at metal pipeline outer wall and move, make the probe can be to the sleeve pipe depths motion, and under the limiting displacement of two elastic connection pieces and four gyro wheels, the probe keeps perpendicularly constantly, guarantee the accuracy that the probe detected.
(2) Through setting up couplant extrusion assembly, slide on spacing slide rail through electric mechanism drive slider, the slider drives pawl motion, the pawl can drive first ratchet rotation in the motion process, first ratchet drives the screw thread post through third pivot and first bevel gear and rotates, the screw thread post drives lifter plate motion, the lifter plate passes through the guide bar and drives the stripper plate downward movement, the stripper plate can extrude the couplant in the box to the metal pipeline surface, pawl continues the downward movement and can drive the second ratchet rotation, the second ratchet passes through fourth pivot and second bevel gear drive spliced pole and scraper rotation, the scraper can scrape the couplant of extruding even, make the couplant evenly paint on the metal pipeline surface, make the probe can metal pipeline surface closely laminate.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a first view angle structure of a probe according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a second view angle structure of the probe in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the housing according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an auxiliary balance assembly according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a box structure in the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a case according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the pawl structure in the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic partial perspective view of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of a connecting column structure in the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic view of the protective cover and the housing structure in the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a schematic view of a seal ring according to the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a cleaning assembly according to the present invention.
In the figure:
1. an ultrasonic flaw detector main body; 2. a probe; 3. a protective sleeve; 4. a housing; 5. a motor; 6. a first rotating column; 7. a first sprocket; 8. a second rotating column; 9. a third rotating column; 10. a second sprocket; 11. a chain; 12. a worm; 13. a first connection housing; 14. a first rotating shaft; 15. a worm wheel; 16. a rotating wheel; 17. an elastic connecting block; 18. a second connection housing; 19. a roller; 20. a first fixing plate; 21. a second rotating shaft; 22. a wind-up roll; 23. a connecting belt; 24. a circular gear; 25. a first spring; 26. pressing the plate; 27. limit teeth; 28. a case; 29. a threaded column; 30. a lifting plate; 31. a guide rod; 32. an extrusion plate; 33. a limit sliding rail; 34. a slide block; 35. a pawl; 36. a baffle; 37. a second fixing plate; 38. a third rotating shaft; 39. a first ratchet; 40. a first bevel gear; 41. a third fixing plate; 42. a fourth rotating shaft; 43. a second ratchet; 44. a T-shaped plate; 45. a connecting column; 46. a scraping rod; 47. a slot; 48. lifting columns; 49. a second bevel gear; 50. a connecting plate; 51. a connecting rod; 52. a guide post; 53. a second spring; 54. a circular plate; 55. a round hole; 56. fixing the column; 57. a socket; 58. rotating the ring plate; 59. inserting a column; 60. a threaded rod; 61. an electric push rod; 62. a connecting plate; 63. a seal ring; 64. a fourth fixing plate; 65. a seesaw; 66. a connection frame; 67. and connecting cloth.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, an ultrasonic detection device for detecting internal defects of metal parts, comprising an ultrasonic flaw detector body 1, a probe 2 connected with the ultrasonic flaw detector body 1 through a wire, and a protective sleeve 3 sleeved and fixedly connected on the outer wall of the probe 2, further comprising:
and the moving assembly is arranged on the outer wall of the protective sleeve 3 and is used for enabling the probe 2 to move and walk on the top of the metal pipeline.
The auxiliary balance component is arranged on the moving component and is used for being adapted to the outer walls of the metal pipelines with various sizes, so that the moving component can stably move on the surfaces of the metal pipelines.
And the couplant extrusion assembly is arranged on the moving assembly and is used for extruding the couplant to the top of the metal pipeline.
The couplant scraping component is arranged on the couplant extrusion component and is used for scraping the couplant extruded by the couplant extrusion component.
And the connecting component is arranged on the protective sleeve 3 and the moving component and is used for connecting and fixing the moving component and the protective sleeve 3.
The cleaning component is arranged on the moving component and is used for cleaning and scraping residual couplant; when needs detect metal pipeline inside, hold probe 2 makes its perpendicular to metal pipeline top to remove probe 2 at metal pipeline top, detect everywhere metal pipeline, when needs detect the metal pipeline of sleeve pipe depths, the staff can't hold probe 2 contact detection, install on the probe 2 through coupling assembling with moving the subassembly, it is intraductal to stretch into the sleeve through moving the subassembly and detect the metal pipeline, supplementary balanced subassembly can be at metal pipeline surface steady movement, and can adapt to the metal pipeline of multiple size, couplant contact assembly can extrude the couplant on the pipeline surface, couplant scraping assembly scrapes the couplant even, cleaning assembly can clear up the couplant.
Referring to fig. 4, the moving assembly includes a casing 4 sleeved on an outer wall of the protective cover 3, a motor 5 is fixedly connected to a top of the casing 4, a first rotating column 6 rotationally connected to an inner wall of the casing 4 is fixedly connected to an output shaft of the motor 5, the first rotating column 6 is located on a middle plane of the casing 4, a first sprocket 7 is fixedly connected to surfaces of the first rotating column 6, two second rotating columns 8 and two third rotating columns 9 are rotationally connected to the casing 4, the two second rotating columns 8 and the two third rotating columns 9 are symmetrically arranged, a second sprocket 10 is fixedly connected to surfaces of the two second rotating columns 8 and the two third rotating columns 9, four second sprockets 10 are in transmission connection with the first sprocket 7 through a chain 11, two third rotating columns 9 are fixedly connected with worms 12, two side walls of the casing 4 are respectively fixedly connected with first connecting shells 13 symmetrically arranged about the casing 4, one side wall of the two first connecting shells 13 is rotationally connected with two worm wheels 14, two worm wheels 14 are respectively connected to two corresponding rotating shafts 16 are fixedly connected to two rotating shafts 14, and two rotating shafts 16 are respectively meshed with two rotating shafts 14 are respectively arranged at two ends of the first connecting shells 14; when the probe 2 is required to be driven to move through the moving assembly, the motor 5 is started, the motor 5 drives the first rotating column 6 to rotate, the first rotating column 6 drives the second rotating column 8 and the third rotating column 9 to rotate through the first chain wheel 7, the chain 11 and the second chain wheel 10, the third rotating column 9 drives the worm 12 to rotate, the worm 12 drives the first rotating shaft 14 to rotate through the worm wheel 15, the first rotating shaft 14 drives the rotating wheel 16 to rotate, and the rotating wheel 16 rotates on the surface of a metal pipeline to drive the moving assembly and the probe 2 to move, so that the probe 2 can penetrate deep into a sleeve pipe which cannot be entered by a worker to detect the metal pipeline.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the auxiliary balancing assembly includes an elastic connection block 17 fixedly connected to the first connection shell 13, one end of the elastic connection block 17 is fixedly connected to a second connection shell 18, two rollers 19 are rotatably connected to the second connection shell 18, two first fixing plates 20 are fixedly connected to the top of the first connection shell 13, a second rotating shaft 21 is rotatably connected between the two first fixing plates 20, a winding roller 22 is fixedly connected to the surface of the second rotating shaft 21, a connection belt 23 is fixedly connected to the surface of the winding roller 22, one end of the connection belt 23 is fixedly connected to the top of the second connection shell 18, a circular gear 24 is fixedly connected to one end of the second rotating shaft 21, a first spring 25 is fixedly connected to the top of the first connection shell 13, a pressing plate 26 slidably connected to the first fixing plate 20 is fixedly connected to the top of the first spring 25, and a limiting tooth 27 is inserted between teeth of the circular gear 24; according to the bending degree of the elastic connection block 17 to be detected, the elastic connection block 17 is in a bending state in a normal state, the pressing plate 26 is pressed downwards, the pressing plate 26 drives the limiting teeth 27 to move downwards, the limiting teeth 27 are not contacted with the circular gear 24, the winding roller 22 can be rotated, the connecting belt 23 on the winding roller 22 is retracted or released, the bending degree of the elastic connection block 17 can be changed, after the bending degree of the elastic connection block 17 is adjusted, the pressing plate 26 is loosened, the limiting teeth 27 are inserted into teeth of the circular gear 24 under the action of the first spring 25, the circular gear 24 and the winding roller 22 are limited, the four rollers 19 can be in contact with the surface of the metal pipeline, and the four rollers 19 can play an auxiliary balance supporting role in the moving process of the probe 2, so that the probe 2 is prevented from tilting.
Referring to fig. 6, 7 and 8, the couplant extrusion assembly comprises a box 28 fixedly connected to a housing 4, a connecting pipe for adding the couplant is arranged on the box 28, a threaded column 29 is rotatably connected to the top of the box 28, a lifting plate 30 is in threaded connection with the surface of the threaded column 29, four guide rods 31 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the lifting plate 30, a squeeze plate 32 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the guide rods 31 through the top of the box 28, a limit slide rail 33 is fixedly connected to one side wall of the box 28, a slide block 34 is slidably connected to the limit slide rail 33, the slide block 34 slides on the limit slide rail 33 through an electric mechanism, a pawl 35 is rotatably connected to the slide block 34 through a rotating rod, a torsion spring is arranged between the pawl 35 and the slide block 34, a baffle 36 in contact with the pawl 35 is fixedly connected to the slide block 34, a second fixing plate 37 is fixedly connected to the top of the box 28, a third rotating shaft 38 is rotatably connected to the second fixing plate 37, one end of the third rotating shaft 38 is fixedly connected to a first ratchet 39, the other end of the third rotating shaft 39 is fixedly connected to the first ratchet 39, and the other end of the third rotating shaft 38 is meshed with a third rotating shaft 38 along a track 40 of the first rotating shaft and the first rotating shaft 33 and the third rotating shaft 35; when the position to be detected is reached, the sliding block 34 is driven by the electric mechanism to slide on the limiting sliding rail 33, the sliding block 34 drives the pawl 35 to move downwards, the pawl 35 contacts teeth of the first ratchet wheel 39 in the moving process of the pawl 35, the baffle 36 blocks and limits the pawl 35, so the pawl 35 can drive the first ratchet wheel 39 to rotate, the first ratchet wheel 39 drives the threaded column 29 to rotate through the third rotating shaft 38 and the first bevel gear 40, the threaded column 29 can drive the lifting plate 30 to move downwards, the lifting plate 30 drives the pressing plate 32 to move downwards through the guide rod 31, the pressing plate 32 can extrude an internal coupling agent from the bottom outlet to the surface of a metal pipeline, the coupling agent is stored in the box 28 due to the fact that the coupling agent is sticky and is not contained under the action of external force, the coupling agent is not sufficient through the connecting pipe, and the electric mechanism and the connecting pipe are not shown in the figure.
Referring to fig. 6, 9 and 10, the couplant scraping assembly includes a third fixing plate 41 fixedly connected to the box 28, a fourth rotating shaft 42 is rotatably connected to the third fixing plate 41, one end of the fourth rotating shaft 42 is fixedly connected with a second ratchet wheel 43, teeth on one side of the second ratchet wheel 43, which is close to the limit sliding rail 33, are located on a track of the pawl 35 sliding along the limit sliding rail 33, one side of the third fixing plate 41 is provided with a T-shaped plate 44, a connecting column 45 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the T-shaped plate 44, a scraping rod 46 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting column 45, a torsion spring is fixedly connected between the scraping rod 46 and the T-shaped plate 44, a slot 47 is formed at the top end of the connecting column 45, a lifting column 48 is slidably inserted into the slot 47, a second bevel gear 49 meshed with each other is fixedly connected to the top end of the lifting column 48 and the other end, which is close to the second bevel gear 49, and a magnet contacting the second bevel gear 49 is fixedly connected to the inner end of the fourth rotating shaft 42; the slider 34 continues the downward movement on spacing slide rail 33, pawl 35 can drive second ratchet 43 rotation, second ratchet 43 drives spliced pole 45 rotation through fourth pivot 42 and second bevel gear 49, spliced pole 45 can drive scraper 46 rotation, the torsional spring accumulates energy, scraper 46 can scrape the couplant of extruding, make contact between probe 2 and the metal pipeline seamless, pawl 35 upwards leaves second ratchet 43 after, under the effect of torsional spring, scraper 46 resets, make scraper 46 not be located the below of box 28 export, pawl 35 upwards resets and can not be blocked by first ratchet 39 and second ratchet 43.
Referring to fig. 8 and 9, the connecting plate 50 is fixedly connected to the slider 34, the connecting rod 51 is fixedly connected to the T-shaped plate 44, two guide posts 52 are fixedly connected to the box 28, the T-shaped plate 44 is slidably connected to the surfaces of the guide posts 52, and a second spring 53 sleeved outside the guide posts 52 is fixedly connected between the T-shaped plate 44 and the box 28; in the downward movement process of the sliding block 34, the sliding block 34 drives the connecting plate 50 to move downwards, the connecting plate 50 contacts the connecting rod 51 before the pawl 35 contacts the second ratchet wheel 43, and drives the connecting rod 51 and the T-shaped plate 44 to move downwards, the second spring 53 is stretched, the T-shaped plate 44 drives the connecting post 45 and the scraping rod 46 to move downwards, the distance between the scraping rod 46 and a metal pipeline is moderate, the scraping rod 46 can chop the couplant at the outlet in the rotation process, due to the effect of the magnet, the two second bevel gears 49 are always in a contact and meshed state, the downward movement of the connecting post 45 can enable the lifting post 48 to move upwards relative to the connecting post 45, so that the second ratchet wheel 43 is not disturbed to drive the scraping rod 46 to rotate, the magnet can magnetize the second bevel gear 49 at one end of the fourth rotating shaft 42, and other materials except the second bevel gear 49 can not be magnetized.
Referring to fig. 11, the connection assembly includes a circular ring plate 54 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the protection sleeve 3, four circular holes 55 are formed in the circular ring plate 54, fixed columns 56 are inserted in the circular holes 55 in a sliding manner, sockets 57 are formed in the fixed columns 56, the top of the circular ring plate 54 is rotationally connected with a rotary ring plate 58 through a sliding block, four inserting columns 59 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotary ring plate 58 through connecting blocks, the inserting columns 59 are inserted in the corresponding inserting holes 57, threaded rods 60 inserted in the circular ring plate 54 are connected to the rotary ring plate 58 in a threaded manner, and rotary blocks are fixedly connected to the top ends of the threaded rods 60; when the moving assembly is needed to be used, the fixed column 56 is inserted into the round hole 55, the rotary ring plate 58 is rotated, the rotary ring plate 58 drives the inserting column 59 to be inserted into the inserting hole 57, the rotary block drives the threaded rod 60 to rotate, the threaded rod 60 is screwed into the round hole, the shell 4 of the moving assembly is fixed on the protective sleeve 3 and the probe 2, and the moving assembly is stored independently when not used.
Referring to fig. 11 and 12, four electric push rods 61 are fixedly connected to the top end of the housing 4, a connecting plate 62 is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric push rods 61, the fixing column 56 is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting plate 62, and a sealing ring 63 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom end of the probe 2; when the probe 2 is required to be attached to the top of the metal pipeline, the electric push rod 61 is started, the electric push rod 61 drives the connecting plate 62 to move, the connecting plate 62 drives the fixed column 56 and the inserting column 59 to move downwards, the inserting column 59 drives the rotating ring plate 58 and the ring plate 54 to move downwards, the ring plate 54 drives the protective sleeve 3 and the probe 2 to move downwards, the sealing ring 63 at the bottom end of the probe 2 is in contact with the surface of the metal pipeline, and the probe 2 is in close contact with the surface of the metal pipeline.
Referring to fig. 13, the cleaning assembly includes two fourth fixing plates 64 fixedly connected to the top of the housing 4, a rocker 65 is rotatably connected between the two fourth fixing plates 64, a torsion spring is fixedly connected between the rocker 65 and the fourth fixing plates 64, the top end of the rocker 65 contacts with the bottom of the annular plate 54, a connecting frame 66 is fixedly connected to the other end of the rocker 65, and a connecting cloth 67 is fixedly connected in the connecting frame 66; when the electric push rod 61 drives the annular plate 54 and the probe 2 to move downwards, the annular plate 54 can tilt the connecting frame 66 through the rocker 65, the torsion spring accumulates energy to enable the connecting cloth 67 to be out of contact with the surface of the metal pipeline, and when the electric push rod 61 drives the annular plate 54 and the probe 2 to move upwards, the connecting cloth 67 is in contact with the surface of the metal pipeline under the action of the torsion spring and the gravity to scrape and clean the coupling agent remained in detection.
The ultrasonic detection method for detecting the internal defects of the metal parts comprises the following steps:
s1: cleaning the surface of the metal pipeline to be detected, wherein special cleaning agents can be used for cleaning, and dust impurities and rust are cleaned;
s2: selecting a proper probe 2 and a coupling agent, contacting the probe 2 with the coupling agent, and smearing the coupling agent on the surface of a metal pipeline;
s3: placing the probe 2 on the top of the metal pipeline in a fitting way, enabling the probe 2 to be perpendicular to the metal pipeline, and moving the probe 2 to detect all positions of the metal pipeline;
s4: processing the received electrical signal to extract a characteristic value associated with the defect;
s5: comparing the extracted characteristic value with a preset defect characteristic value to determine whether a defect exists;
s6: and identifying and classifying the defects according to the comparison result.
Working principle: when the metal pipeline is required to be detected, the probe 2 is held by a hand to be perpendicular to the top of the metal pipeline, the probe 2 is moved at the top of the metal pipeline, the metal pipeline is detected everywhere, when the metal pipeline in the depth of the sleeve is required to be detected, a worker cannot hold the probe 2 to be in contact detection, the moving assembly is arranged on the probe 2 through the connecting assembly, the probe 2 stretches into the sleeve through the moving assembly to detect the metal pipeline, the auxiliary balance assembly can stably move on the surface of the metal pipeline and can adapt to the metal pipelines with various sizes, the couplant contact assembly can squeeze the couplant on the surface of the pipeline, the couplant scraping assembly scrapes the couplant evenly, and the cleaning assembly can clean the couplant; when the probe 2 is required to be driven to move by the moving assembly, the motor 5 is started, the motor 5 drives the first rotating column 6 to rotate, the first rotating column 6 drives the second rotating column 8 and the third rotating column 9 to rotate by the first chain wheel 7, the chain 11 and the second chain wheel 10, the third rotating column 9 drives the worm 12 to rotate, the worm 12 drives the first rotating shaft 14 to rotate by the worm wheel 15, the first rotating shaft 14 drives the rotating wheel 16 to rotate, and the rotating wheel 16 rotates on the surface of the metal pipeline to drive the moving assembly and the probe 2 to move, so that the probe 2 can penetrate deep into a sleeve pipe which cannot be accessed by a worker to detect the metal pipeline; according to the bending degree of the elastic connecting block 17 which is regulated according to the size of the metal pipeline to be detected, the elastic connecting block 17 is in a bending state in a normal state, the pressing plate 26 is pressed downwards, the pressing plate 26 drives the limiting teeth 27 to move downwards, the limiting teeth 27 are not contacted with the circular gear 24, the winding roller 22 can be rotated, the connecting belt 23 on the winding roller 22 is retracted or discharged, the bending degree of the elastic connecting block 17 can be changed, after the bending degree of the elastic connecting block 17 is regulated, the pressing plate 26 is loosened, the limiting teeth 27 are inserted into the teeth of the circular gear 24 under the action of the first spring 25, the circular gear 24 and the winding roller 22 are limited, the four rollers 19 can be contacted with the surface of the metal pipeline, and the four rollers 19 can play an auxiliary balance supporting role in the moving process of the probe 2, and the inclination of the probe 2 is prevented; when the position to be detected is reached, the sliding block 34 is driven by the electric mechanism to slide on the limiting sliding rail 33, the sliding block 34 drives the pawl 35 to move downwards, the pawl 35 contacts teeth of the first ratchet wheel 39 in the moving process of the pawl 35, the baffle 36 blocks and limits the pawl 35, so that the pawl 35 can drive the first ratchet wheel 39 to rotate, the first ratchet wheel 39 drives the threaded column 29 to rotate through the third rotating shaft 38 and the first bevel gear 40, the threaded column 29 can drive the lifting plate 30 to move downwards, the lifting plate 30 drives the pressing plate 32 to move downwards through the guide rod 31, the pressing plate 32 can extrude an internal coupling agent from the bottom outlet to the surface of a metal pipeline, the coupling agent is stored in the box 28 under the action of no external force because the coupling agent is sticky, the coupling agent is insufficient and can be supplemented through the connecting pipe, and both the electric mechanism and the connecting pipe are shown in the figure; the sliding block 34 continues to move downwards on the limiting sliding rail 33, the pawl 35 drives the second ratchet wheel 43 to rotate, the second ratchet wheel 43 drives the connecting column 45 to rotate through the fourth rotating shaft 42 and the second bevel gear 49, the connecting column 45 can drive the scraping rod 46 to rotate, the torsion spring accumulates energy, the scraping rod 46 can scrape extruded couplant evenly, the probe 2 can be in contact with a metal pipeline without gaps, after the pawl 35 leaves the second ratchet wheel 43 upwards, under the action of the torsion spring, the scraping rod 46 is reset, the scraping rod 46 is not located below an outlet of the box 28, and the pawl 35 is reset upwards and is not blocked by the first ratchet wheel 39 and the second ratchet wheel 43; in the downward movement process of the sliding block 34, the sliding block 34 drives the connecting plate 50 to move downwards, the connecting plate 50 contacts the connecting rod 51 before the pawl 35 contacts the second ratchet wheel 43, and drives the connecting rod 51 and the T-shaped plate 44 to move downwards, the second spring 53 is stretched, the T-shaped plate 44 drives the connecting post 45 and the scraping rod 46 to move downwards, the distance between the scraping rod 46 and a metal pipeline is moderate, the scraping rod 46 can chop the couplant at the outlet in the rotation process, due to the effect of a magnet, the two second bevel gears 49 are always in a contact and meshed state, the downward movement of the connecting post 45 can enable the lifting post 48 to move upwards relative to the connecting post 45, so that the second ratchet wheel 43 is not disturbed to drive the scraping rod 46 to rotate, the magnet can magnetize the second bevel gear 49 at one end of the fourth rotating shaft 42, and other materials except the second bevel gear 49 can not be magnetized; when the moving assembly is needed to be used, the fixed column 56 is inserted into the round holes 55, the rotary ring plate 58 is rotated, the rotary ring plate 58 drives the inserting column 59 to be inserted into the inserting hole 57, the rotary block drives the threaded rod 60 to rotate, the threaded rod 60 is screwed into the round hole, the shell 4 of the moving assembly is fixed on the protective sleeve 3 and the probe 2, and the moving assembly is stored independently when not used; when the probe 2 is required to be attached to the top of a metal pipeline, an electric push rod 61 is started, the electric push rod 61 drives a connecting plate 62 to move, the connecting plate 62 drives a fixed column 56 and a plug column 59 to move downwards, the plug column 59 drives a rotary ring plate 58 and a ring plate 54 to move downwards, the ring plate 54 drives a protective sleeve 3 and the probe 2 to move downwards, a sealing ring 63 at the bottom end of the probe 2 is in contact with the surface of the metal pipeline, and the probe 2 is in close contact with the surface of the metal pipeline; when the electric push rod 61 drives the annular plate 54 and the probe 2 to move downwards, the annular plate 54 can tilt the connecting frame 66 through the rocker 65, the torsion spring accumulates energy to enable the connecting cloth 67 to be out of contact with the surface of the metal pipeline, and when the electric push rod 61 drives the annular plate 54 and the probe 2 to move upwards, the connecting cloth 67 is in contact with the surface of the metal pipeline under the action of the torsion spring and the gravity to scrape and clean the coupling agent remained in detection.
The foregoing is merely specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think about changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and the changes and substitutions are intended to be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. Ultrasonic detection device for detecting metal parts internal defect, its characterized in that includes ultrasonic flaw detector main part (1), probe (2) and cover that are connected through wire and ultrasonic flaw detector main part (1) establish rigid coupling at protective sheath (3) of probe (2) outer wall, still includes:
the moving assembly is arranged on the outer wall of the protective sleeve (3) and used for enabling the probe (2) to move and walk at the top of a metal pipeline, the moving assembly comprises a shell (4) sleeved on the outer wall of the protective sleeve (3), a motor (5) is fixedly connected to the top of the shell (4), a first rotating column (6) rotationally connected to the inner wall of the shell (4) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor (5), a first chain wheel (7) is fixedly connected to the surface of the first rotating column (6), two second rotating columns (8) and two third rotating columns (9) are rotationally connected to the shell (4), two second chain wheels (10) are fixedly connected to the surfaces of the two second rotating columns (8) and the two third rotating columns (9) through chains (11), two worm gears (12) are fixedly connected to the two side walls of the shell (4) respectively, two worm gears (13) are symmetrically connected to the first side walls (13) of the shell (4), two worm gears (13) are symmetrically connected to the two corresponding to one side (14) of the first shell (14) in a transmission mode, two worm gears (12) are fixedly connected to the first chain (7) through chains (11), the other end of the first rotating shaft (14) is fixedly connected with a rotating wheel (16) positioned in the first connecting shell (13);
the auxiliary balance assembly is arranged on the moving assembly and is used for being adapted to the outer walls of metal pipelines of various sizes, the auxiliary balance assembly comprises an elastic connecting block (17) fixedly connected to a first connecting shell (13), one end of the elastic connecting block (17) is fixedly connected with a second connecting shell (18), two rollers (19) are rotationally connected to the second connecting shell (18), two first fixing plates (20) are fixedly connected to the top of the first connecting shell (13), a second rotating shaft (21) is rotationally connected between the two first fixing plates (20), a winding roller (22) is fixedly connected to the surface of the second rotating shaft (21), a connecting belt (23) is fixedly connected to the surface of the winding roller (22), one end of the connecting belt (23) is fixedly connected to the top of the second connecting shell (18), a circular gear (24) is fixedly connected to one end of the second rotating shaft (21), a first spring (25) is fixedly connected to the top of the first connecting shell (13), a second rotating shaft (21) is fixedly connected to the top of the first rotating shaft, a first gear (26) is fixedly connected to the top of the first rotating shaft, a first gear (25) is fixedly connected to the first gear (26), and a limit gear (27) is fixedly connected to the top of the first gear (26).
The couplant extrusion assembly is arranged on the moving assembly and is used for extruding the couplant to the top of the metal pipeline;
the couplant scraping component is arranged on the couplant extrusion component and is used for scraping the couplant extruded by the couplant extrusion component;
the connecting component is arranged on the protective sleeve (3) and the moving component and is used for connecting and fixing the moving component and the protective sleeve (3);
the cleaning component is arranged on the moving component and is used for cleaning and scraping residual couplant.
2. The ultrasonic detection device for detecting internal defects of metal parts according to claim 1, wherein the couplant extrusion assembly comprises a box body (28) fixedly connected to a shell (4), a connecting pipe for adding the couplant is arranged on the box body (28), a threaded column (29) is rotationally connected to the top of the box body (28), a lifting plate (30) is connected to the surface of the threaded column (29) in a threaded manner, four guide rods (31) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the lifting plate (30), pressing plates (32) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the four guide rods (31) through the top of the box body (28), a limit sliding rail (33) is fixedly connected to one side wall of the box body (28), a sliding block (34) is connected to the limit sliding rail (33) in a sliding manner through an electric mechanism, a pawl (35) is rotationally connected to the sliding block (34) through a rotating rod, a torsion spring is arranged between the pawl (35) and the sliding block (34), a rotating shaft (38) is fixedly connected to the sliding block (34) and is fixedly connected to a pawl (35), a rotating shaft (37) is fixedly connected to the top of the box body (28), a rotating shaft (37) is fixedly connected to a third rotating shaft (38), the teeth of the first ratchet wheel (39) close to one side of the limiting slide rail (33) are positioned on the sliding track of the pawl (35) along the limiting slide rail (33), and the other end of the third rotating shaft (38) and the top end of the threaded column (29) are fixedly connected with a first bevel gear (40) which is meshed with each other.
3. The ultrasonic detection device for detecting internal defects of metal parts according to claim 2, wherein the couplant scraping component comprises a third fixing plate (41) fixedly connected to the box body (28), a fourth rotating shaft (42) is rotationally connected to the third fixing plate (41), a second ratchet wheel (43) is fixedly connected to one end of the fourth rotating shaft (42), teeth on one side, close to the limiting sliding rail (33), of the second ratchet wheel (43) are located on a track, along the limiting sliding rail (33), of a pawl (35), a T-shaped plate (44) is arranged on one side of the third fixing plate (41), a connecting column (45) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the T-shaped plate (44), a scraping rod (46) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting column (45), a torsion spring is fixedly connected between the scraping rod (46) and the T-shaped plate (44), a slot (47) is formed in the top end of the connecting column (45), a lifting column (48) is inserted into the slot (47), the top end of the lifting column (48) and the other end of the fourth rotating shaft (42) are in contact with a second bevel gear (49), and the second bevel gear (49) is fixedly connected to the second bevel gear (49).
4. An ultrasonic detection device for detecting internal defects of metal parts according to claim 3, wherein the connecting plate (50) is fixedly connected to the sliding block (34), the connecting rod (51) is fixedly connected to the T-shaped plate (44), two guide posts (52) are fixedly connected to the box body (28), the T-shaped plate (44) is slidably connected to the surface of the guide posts (52), and a second spring (53) sleeved outside the guide posts (52) is fixedly connected between the T-shaped plate (44) and the box body (28).
5. The ultrasonic detection device for detecting internal defects of metal parts according to claim 4, wherein the connecting assembly comprises a circular ring plate (54) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the protective sleeve (3), four round holes (55) are formed in the circular ring plate (54), fixing columns (56) are inserted in the round holes (55) in a sliding mode, inserting holes (57) are formed in the fixing columns (56), the top of the circular ring plate (54) is rotationally connected with a rotary ring plate (58) through a sliding block, four inserting columns (59) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotary ring plate (58) through connecting blocks, the inserting columns (59) are inserted into the corresponding inserting holes (57), threaded rods (60) inserted into the circular ring plate (54) are connected to the rotary ring plate (58) in a threaded mode, and rotary blocks are fixedly connected to the top ends of the threaded rods (60).
6. The ultrasonic detection device for detecting internal defects of metal parts according to claim 5, wherein four electric push rods (61) are fixedly connected to the top end of the shell (4), a connecting plate (62) is fixedly connected to the output end of each electric push rod (61), the fixing column (56) is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting plate (62), and a sealing ring (63) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom end of the probe (2).
7. The ultrasonic detection device for detecting internal defects of metal parts according to claim 6, wherein the cleaning assembly comprises two fourth fixing plates (64) fixedly connected to the top of the shell (4), a rocker (65) is rotatably connected between the two fourth fixing plates (64), a torsion spring is fixedly connected between the rocker (65) and the fourth fixing plates (64), the top end of the rocker (65) is in contact with the bottom of the annular plate (54), a connecting frame (66) is fixedly connected to the other end of the rocker (65), and a connecting cloth (67) is fixedly connected in the connecting frame (66).
8. An ultrasonic inspection method for inspecting internal defects of a metal part using the ultrasonic inspection apparatus for inspecting internal defects of a metal part according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
s1: cleaning the surface of the metal pipeline to be detected, and cleaning dust impurities and rust by using a special cleaning agent;
s2: selecting a proper probe (2) and a coupling agent, contacting the probe (2) with the coupling agent, and smearing the coupling agent on the surface of a metal pipeline;
s3: placing the probe (2) on the top of the metal pipeline in a fitting way, enabling the probe (2) to be perpendicular to the metal pipeline, and moving the probe (2) to detect all positions of the metal pipeline;
s4: processing the received electrical signal to extract a characteristic value associated with the defect;
s5: comparing the extracted characteristic value with a preset defect characteristic value to determine whether a defect exists;
s6: and identifying and classifying the defects according to the comparison result.
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