CN117231416A - Main control system and control method of wind generating set based on autonomous controllable PLC - Google Patents
Main control system and control method of wind generating set based on autonomous controllable PLC Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wind generating set master control system and a control method based on an autonomous controllable PLC, which belong to the technical field of control of the wind generating set master control system and specifically comprise the following steps: the method comprises the steps of collecting main parameter data of a wind generating set, preprocessing the collected main parameter data of the wind generating set, analyzing all subsystems of the wind generating set, utilizing a main control strategy to control fan main control systems of different power sections, adding fault diagnosis and protection mechanisms, coping with abnormal conditions, designing communication with an upper monitoring system and a remote control system, monitoring the main parameter data in real time for operation and maintenance management and fault diagnosis, improving the power generation efficiency by controlling and adjusting the rotation speed and the pitch of an impeller of the wind generating set in real time, achieving the optimal power generation efficiency, efficiently utilizing wind energy and relieving the problems of energy shortage and environmental pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wind power generation, and particularly relates to a wind generating set master control system and a control method based on an autonomous controllable PLC.
Background
With the development of the productivity of the current society, the demand of human beings for energy is also increasing. Conventional energy sources such as coal, petroleum and natural gas are limited in reserves and difficult to regenerate. Wind energy is increasingly paid attention to as an environment-friendly green energy source, wind power generation technology is rapidly developed nowadays, and the single-machine capacity of a generator set is continuously increased, so that the research on a main control system of the wind power generator set is more and more important.
At the beginning of wind power generation development, wind generating sets still have a plurality of defects in structural design because of technology and material limitations. In recent years, with the rapid development of scientific technology and material technology, the reliability of the wind generating set is improved by means of structural optimization and redesign, meanwhile, a fan system is comprehensively and optimally designed, and the optimized materials are selected to ensure the safety and stability of control. However, when wind power generation is performed, the wind power drives the impeller to rotate slowly or quickly, the power generation efficiency is low, and the optimal power generation efficiency is often difficult to achieve, so that the wind energy cannot be efficiently utilized.
As disclosed in chinese patent application publication No. CN113357091a, a wind driven generator and a method for controlling a wind driven generator, the wind driven generator includes a frame, a generator set, a main shaft, blades and a guide rail; the guide rail is fixedly arranged on the frame, the main shaft is rotatably arranged on the frame, the blade root of the blade is fixedly arranged on the main shaft, and the blade tip of the blade is slidably arranged on the guide rail; a magnetic suspension device is arranged between the guide rail and the blade tip, and a gap is reserved between the blade tip and the guide rail under the action of the magnetic suspension device; the generator set is arranged on the frame, and the main shaft is in driving connection with the generator set. The wind driven generator generates magnetic levitation force between the guide rail and the blades through the magnetic levitation device, so that the blade tips keep clearance fit with the guide rail and move along the guide rail in the process that the blades are driven by wind power to drive the main shaft to rotate. Therefore, the movement track of the blade is limited, so that the guide rail bears a part of circumferential or axial load, the shake of the blade is reduced, the mechanical contact friction between the guide rail and the blade is reduced, and the energy loss is reduced.
The Chinese patent with the application publication number of CN112855432A discloses a control method of a wind generating set, wherein the wind generating set comprises a hub and blades connected to the outer side of the hub, and the method comprises the following steps: acquiring rainfall parameters of a position area where the wind generating set is located; and when the hub operates according to the rated rotation speed, if the rainfall parameter indicates that the rainfall exists in the position area, reducing the rotation speed of the hub. According to the method, the rainfall parameters of the position area of the wind generating set are monitored, and when the rainfall occurs in the position area of the wind generating set, the rotating speed of the hub running according to the rated rotating speed is reduced, so that the impact strength of the rainwater on the surface of the blade is reduced, the rain erosion degree of the front edge of the blade is greatly reduced, the reliability of the blade is improved, and the method is simple and effective, is easy to implement, has lower cost and is convenient to popularize, and can be applied in large scale.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a wind generating set main control system and a control method based on an autonomous controllable PLC, which are used for collecting main parameter data of a wind generating set, preprocessing the collected main parameter data of the wind generating set, analyzing all subsystems of the wind generating set, utilizing a main control strategy to control the fan main control systems of different power sections, adding a fault diagnosis and protection mechanism, coping with abnormal conditions, designing communication with an upper monitoring system and a remote control system, monitoring the main parameter data in real time for operation and maintenance management and fault diagnosis, improving the power generation efficiency through real-time control and adjustment of the rotation speed and the pitch of an impeller of the wind generating set, achieving the optimal power generation efficiency, efficiently utilizing wind energy and relieving the problems of energy shortage and environmental pollution.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a master control method of a wind generating set based on an autonomous controllable PLC comprises the following steps:
step S1: collecting main parameter data of a wind generating set;
step S2: preprocessing the collected main parameter data of the wind generating set;
step S3: analyzing all subsystems of the generator set, and controlling fan main control systems of different power sections by utilizing a main control strategy;
step S4: and adding a fault diagnosis and protection mechanism, coping with abnormal conditions, designing communication with an upper monitoring system and a remote control system, and monitoring main parameter data in real time for operation and maintenance management and fault diagnosis.
Specifically, the main parameter data of the wind generating set in step S1 includes: power data, ambient wind speed data, cut-out wind speed data, and historical fault data.
Specifically, the preprocessing in step S2 includes data cleaning, abnormal value removal and missing value correction.
Specifically, the specific steps of the step S3 include:
step S301: setting the wind speed of the environment where the wind driven generator is positioned asThe included angle between the wind direction and the impeller of the wind driven generator is +.>Calculating the front wind speed of the impeller of the wind driven generator>The calculation formula is as follows: />；
Step S302: when the impeller of the wind driven generator rotates, the power generated by absorbing wind energy in unit time t is P,wherein->Representing the density of air>Represents the radius of the impeller of the wind power generator, < >>Representing a wind energy utilization coefficient;
step S303: the mechanical energy converted by the rotation of the impeller of the wind driven generator is，/>Wherein->Representing the mechanical energy conversion efficiency, +.>The impeller rotation speed of the wind driven generator is +.>，/>Wherein T represents wind turbine impeller torque;
step S304: and controlling the rotation speed and the pitch of the impeller of the wind driven generator by using a main control strategy and a variable pitch control strategy, so that the power generation power of the wind driven generator set is constant at the optimal power generation power.
Specifically, the specific method of step S304 is as follows:
step S3041: drawing a power curve generated by impeller rotation speed-wind power by taking the impeller rotation speed of the wind driven generator as an abscissa and the power generated by wind power as an ordinate;
step S3042: when the wind speed of the environment where the wind driven generator is positioned isWhen the maximum power generated by wind power is obtained according to the curve>，/>Wherein->Representing the optimal power constant, +.>Indicating the optimum rotation speed of the impeller of the wind driven generator,，/>indicating the optimal wind energy utilization rate;
step S3042: the input power of the wind driven generator is controlled, and the control conditions are as follows:
，
representing the absolute function, when->When the wind driven generator is in operation, the wind driven generator back-up power supply unit is controlled and regulated to provide the wind driven generator +.>Power of power, current speed of wind driven generator +.>Lifting to->When->When the wind driven generator is in operation, the back-up power supply unit of the wind driven generator is controlled and regulated to provide the wind driven generator +>Resistance of power, current speed of wind driven generator +.>Reduced to->。
Specifically, the pitch control strategy in step S304 is as follows: the rotational speed of the wind turbine rotor is maintained at a maximum allowable rotational speed by pitch control.
Wind generating set master control system based on independently controllable PLC includes: the wind power generation system comprises a wind sensor, a wind power generator set, a control module, an energy storage device and a monitoring display device;
the wind sensor is used for detecting the wind speed of the environment where the wind generating set is located;
the wind generating set is used for capturing kinetic energy of flowing air, converting part of the kinetic energy in the windward swept area of the wind wheel blades into mechanical energy, and converting the mechanical energy into electric energy through the generator;
the control module is used for controlling the rotation speed and the pitch of the impeller of the wind driven generator;
the energy storage device is used for storing the electric energy converted by the generator;
the monitoring display device is used for monitoring main parameter data of the wind driven generator and displaying the main parameter data of the wind driven generator in the upper monitoring system.
Specifically, the wind generating set includes: nacelle, impeller, low speed shaft, high speed shaft, gearbox, mechanical brake and generator;
the cabin is used for containing key equipment of the wind driven generator and comprises a gear box and a generator;
the impeller is used for capturing wind and transmitting the wind to the axis of the rotor;
the low-speed shaft is used for driving the impeller to rotate at a low speed;
the high-speed shaft is used for driving the impeller to rotate at a high speed;
the gearbox is used for increasing the rotating speed of the high-speed shaft to 50 times of that of the low-speed shaft;
the mechanical brake is used for emergency braking when the pneumatic brake fails or the wind driven generator is maintained;
the generator is used for converting mechanical energy into electric energy.
Specifically, the control module comprises a main control unit and a pitch control unit,
the main control unit is used for controlling and regulating the rotating speed of the impeller of the wind driven generator in real time by utilizing a main control strategy;
the pitch control unit is used for controlling and adjusting the pitch of the wind driven generator in real time by utilizing a pitch control strategy.
Specifically, the monitoring display device includes: a monitoring unit and a display unit,
the monitoring unit is used for monitoring main parameter data of the wind driven generator;
the display unit is used for displaying main parameter data of the wind driven generator in the upper monitoring system
An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, the processor implementing the steps of an autonomous controllable PLC based wind turbine master control method when executing the computer program.
A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon computer instructions which, when run, perform the steps of an autonomous controllable PLC based wind turbine generator set master control method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention provides a master control system of a wind generating set based on an autonomous controllable PLC, and optimizes and improves the structure, the operation steps and the flow, and the system has the advantages of simple flow, low investment and operation cost and low production and working costs.
2. The invention provides a master control method of a wind generating set based on an autonomous controllable PLC, which is used for collecting main parameter data of the wind generating set, preprocessing the collected main parameter data of the wind generating set, analyzing all subsystems of the generating set, controlling a fan master control system of different power sections by utilizing a master control strategy, adding a fault diagnosis and protection mechanism, coping with abnormal conditions, designing communication with an upper monitoring system and a remote control system, monitoring the main parameter data in real time, and controlling and regulating the rotation speed and the pitch of an impeller of the wind generating set in real time for operation and maintenance management and fault diagnosis.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a master control method of a wind generating set based on an autonomous controllable PLC;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the impeller rotation speed-wind generated power curve of the master control method of the wind generating set based on the autonomous controllable PLC;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a master control system of a wind turbine generator system based on an autonomous controllable PLC according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is an electronic device diagram of a master control method of a wind generating set based on an autonomous controllable PLC.
Detailed Description
In order that the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement of the objects and the effects of the present invention may be easily understood, it should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements to be referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "a", "an", "the" and "the" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The invention is further described below in conjunction with the detailed description.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-2, an embodiment of the present invention is provided: a master control method of a wind generating set based on an autonomous controllable PLC comprises the following steps:
step S1: collecting main parameter data of a wind generating set;
step S2: preprocessing the collected main parameter data of the wind generating set;
step S3: analyzing all subsystems of the generator set, and controlling fan main control systems of different power sections by utilizing a main control strategy;
step S4: and adding a fault diagnosis and protection mechanism, coping with abnormal conditions, designing communication with an upper monitoring system and a remote control system, and monitoring main parameter data in real time for operation and maintenance management and fault diagnosis.
The main parameter data of the wind generating set in step S1 includes: power data, ambient wind speed data, cut-out wind speed data, and historical fault data.
The preprocessing in step S2 includes data cleansing, abnormal value removal and missing value correction.
The specific steps of the step S3 include:
step S301: setting the wind speed of the environment where the wind driven generator is positioned asThe included angle between the wind direction and the impeller of the wind driven generator is +.>Calculating the front wind speed of the impeller of the wind driven generator>The calculation formula is as follows: />；
Step S302: when the impeller of the wind driven generator rotates, the power generated by absorbing wind energy in unit time t is P,wherein->Representing the density of air>Represents the radius of the impeller of the wind power generator, < >>Representing a wind energy utilization coefficient;
step S303: the mechanical energy converted by the rotation of the impeller of the wind driven generator is，/>Wherein->Representing the mechanical energy conversion efficiency, +.>The impeller rotation speed of the wind driven generator is +.>，/>Wherein T represents wind turbine impeller torque;
step S304: and controlling the rotation speed and the pitch of the impeller of the wind driven generator by using a main control strategy and a variable pitch control strategy, so that the power generation power of the wind driven generator set is constant at the optimal power generation power.
The specific method of step S304 is:
step S3041: drawing a power curve generated by impeller rotation speed-wind power by taking the impeller rotation speed of the wind driven generator as an abscissa and the power generated by wind power as an ordinate;
step S3042: when the wind speed of the environment where the wind driven generator is positioned isWhen the maximum power generated by wind power is obtained according to the curve>，/>Wherein->Representing the optimal power constant, +.>Indicating the optimum rotation speed of the impeller of the wind driven generator,，/>indicating the optimal wind energy utilization rate;
step S3042: the input power of the wind driven generator is controlled, and the control conditions are as follows:
，
representing the absolute function, when->When the wind driven generator is in operation, the wind driven generator back-up power supply unit is controlled and regulated to provide the wind driven generator +.>Power of power, current speed of wind driven generator +.>Lifting to->When->When the wind driven generator is in operation, the back-up power supply unit of the wind driven generator is controlled and regulated to provide the wind driven generator +>Resistance of power, current speed of wind driven generator +.>Reduced to->。
After a change in wind speed between nominal and cut-in wind speeds, the optimum power curve can be tracked by variable speed control to obtain maximum power. If the wind speed is changed between the cut-out wind speed and the rated wind speed, the rated power stability is ensured by changing the pitch angle of the blades through the control of the pitch mode. The method must be combined with the actual wind speed, and the wind energy utilization rate is effectively improved by applying a proper control method.
In the process of unfolding pitch control, the main control flow is as follows: firstly, smoothly connecting the wind generating set in a grid, initializing the whole system, setting the initial value of the pitch angle beta to 0, and judging the wind speed at the moment. Secondly, the numerical expansion judgment of the wind speed and the cut-in wind speed is carried out. If the wind speed exceeds the cut-in wind speed, the fan enters an operating state. This time, the following 3 aspects can be considered: firstly, when the wind speed between the cut-in wind speed and the rated wind speed changes, the speed change control mode is determined to be used for unfolding, the speed change control mode can be combined with a rotating speed signal and a driving signal, the rotating speed of the generator is adjusted by utilizing the gear box, meanwhile, the rotating speed given value of the generator is compared, a closed-loop feedback automatic control system is constructed, and the system can track the change of an optimal curve so as to obtain an optimal wind energy coefficient. And secondly, when the wind speed is higher than the rated wind speed but does not exceed the cut-out wind speed, the variable speed controller stops running, then the variable pitch controller runs, and simultaneously, the variable pitch controller is combined with a power signal and a given value thereof to be unfolded and compared, and a DPS controller is used for sending a driving signal, so that the hydraulic variable pitch mechanism is started, the pitch angle amplitude of the blade is regulated, and a closed loop feedback automatic control system is further constructed. Finally, after the wind speed exceeds the cut-out wind speed, the hydraulic braking mechanism of the wind turbine can operate, the fan does not operate any more, and the wind generating set can cut out of the power grid.
The pitch control strategy in step S304 is: the rotational speed of the wind turbine rotor is maintained at a maximum allowable rotational speed by pitch control.
The wind power generator set can be divided into two types, namely pitch and fixed pitch, based on different wind wheel hubs and blade mounting modes. The fixed pitch refers to the rigid connection of the hub and the wind wheel, and the pitch angle of the blades is not changed. The fixed pitch complete machine has the advantages of few structural parts, low manufacturing cost, simple structure and safety. However, the disadvantage of too relying on the unique airfoil structure of the blade exists, and the blade structure is complex, involving a relatively difficult forming process. Under the conditions of power increase and blade lengthening, the pneumatic thrust required to be born is larger, so that the design of the rigidity of the blade is not facilitated, and the stall dynamic characteristic is difficult to control, so that the method is applied to large-scale wind generating sets above megawatt. For a pitch wind power generator set, a non-rigid connection mode is mainly adopted between a hub and blades. When the wind speed is greater than the cut-in wind speed, the blades rotate around the blade longitudinal beams, the pitch angles are changed, the blade angles and wind directions are corresponding, multiple power angles are obtained, the blades can be positioned at the optimal power angle positions no matter how the wind speed is changed, and further, the wind wheel conversion rate can be maintained in the highest state under the condition that the wind speed is continuously changed, and the maximum power generation benefit is obtained. If the wind speed is higher than the rated wind speed, the blades can change towards a small windward angle, the acquired wind energy is reduced, and the impeller is ensured not to be higher than the rated power of the generator in terms of output power. When the wind speed is higher than the cut-out wind speed, the wind generating set stops running, and the blades feathering to prevent the fan from being seriously damaged. Compared with fixed pitch wind power generation, the stability of the output power of the variable pitch wind power generator is stronger based on the rated wind speed. The blade control technology is mature, hardware facilities develop gradually, the performance of the variable pitch wind driven generator is stable, and the variable pitch wind driven generator is suitable for manufacturing high-power generator sets. In order to constrain the dynamic torque, it should be ensured that the speed of change of the pitch output pitch angle is always controlled within 5 ° per second. With increasing power, the blades place a higher demand on the driving force, which is independent of the support of high precision, strong pitch mechanisms.
Yaw control of the wind generating set: among the wind park control systems, yaw control systems occupy a particularly important position. Generally, the yaw system comprises a yaw hydraulic circuit, a yaw driving device, a torsion cable protection device and the like, and can be matched with the wind turbine control system, so that the impeller is ensured to be maintained in a windward state, the power generation efficiency is improved, and the running safety of the wind turbine is ensured. Yaw control systems of wind power generation systems are mainly divided into active windward yaw systems and passive windward yaw systems. The active windward yaw system is generally applied to a large grid-connected wind power generation system, signals are sent out through wind vanes of downwind directions, and wind control is enhanced. The passive windward yaw system is usually applied to a small independent wind power generation system, and is controlled by a tail vane, so that when the wind direction changes, the wind is passively directed. Because the direction of wind changes at any time, the nacelle must be kept in a rotatable state all the time, ensuring that the rotor can always remain in a frontal windward state to maximize capture of wind energy.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 3, another embodiment of the present invention is provided: wind generating set master control system based on independently controllable PLC includes: the wind power generation system comprises a wind sensor, a wind power generator set, a control module, an energy storage device and a monitoring display device;
the wind sensor is used for detecting the wind speed of the environment where the wind generating set is located;
the wind generating set is used for capturing kinetic energy of flowing air, converting part of the kinetic energy in the windward swept area of the wind wheel blades into mechanical energy, and converting the mechanical energy into electric energy through the generator;
the control module is used for controlling the rotation speed and the pitch of the impeller of the wind driven generator;
the energy storage device is used for storing the electric energy converted by the generator;
the monitoring display device is used for monitoring main parameter data of the wind driven generator and displaying the main parameter data of the wind driven generator in the upper monitoring system.
The wind turbine generator system includes: nacelle, impeller, low speed shaft, high speed shaft, gearbox, mechanical brake and generator;
the cabin is used for containing key equipment of the wind driven generator and comprises a gear box and a generator;
the impeller is used for capturing wind and transmitting the wind to the axis of the rotor;
the low-speed shaft is used for driving the impeller to rotate at a low speed;
the low-speed shaft of the wind driven generator connects the rotor shaft center with the gear box. On modern 600 kw wind turbines, the rotor speed is quite slow, approximately 19 to 30 revolutions per minute. The shaft has a conduit therein for a hydraulic system to activate operation of the pneumatic brake.
The high-speed shaft is used for driving the impeller to rotate at a high speed;
the high speed shaft runs at 1500 revolutions per minute and drives the generator.
The gearbox is used for increasing the rotating speed of the high-speed shaft to 50 times of that of the low-speed shaft;
the mechanical brake is used for emergency braking when the pneumatic brake fails or the wind driven generator is maintained;
the generator is used for converting mechanical energy into electric energy.
Further comprises: yaw device: the nacelle is rotated by means of an electric motor so that the rotor is facing the wind. The yaw means are operated by an electronic controller, which can sense the wind direction through a wind vane. Typically, the wind generator will deflect only a few degrees at a time as the wind changes its direction.
Cooling element: a fan is included for cooling the generator. Furthermore, it comprises an oil cooling element for cooling the oil in the gearbox. Some wind turbines have water-cooled generators.
And (3) tower: the wind power generator tower is loaded with a cabin and a rotor. A generally high tower is advantageous because the higher the ground is, the greater the wind speed. The tower height of a modern 600 kw wind turbine is 40 to 60 meters. It may be a tubular column or a lattice column. Tubular towers are safer for maintenance personnel because they can reach the top of the tower through an internal ladder. The advantage of a lattice column is that it is relatively inexpensive.
Tail rudder: small wind generators (typically 10KW and below) are commonly found in wind directions on horizontal shafts. Is positioned behind the revolving body and is connected with the revolving body. The main function is to adjust the direction of the fan to make the fan face the wind direction. The second function is to deviate the head of the wind machine from the wind direction under the condition of strong wind condition, so as to reduce the rotation speed and protect the fan.
The control module comprises a main control unit and a variable pitch control unit,
the main control unit is used for controlling and regulating the rotating speed of the impeller of the wind driven generator in real time by utilizing a main control strategy;
the pitch control unit is used for controlling and adjusting the pitch of the wind driven generator in real time by utilizing a pitch control strategy.
The monitoring display device includes: a monitoring unit and a display unit,
the monitoring unit is used for monitoring main parameter data of the wind driven generator;
and the display unit is used for displaying the main parameter data of the wind driven generator in the upper monitoring system.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 4, an electronic device includes a memory and a processor, where the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements steps of a wind turbine generator set master control method based on an autonomous controllable PLC when executing the computer program.
A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon computer instructions which, when run, perform the steps of an autonomous controllable PLC based wind turbine generator set master control method.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and many forms may be made by those having ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention and the scope of the claims, which are all within the protection of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. The master control method of the wind generating set based on the autonomous controllable PLC is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S1: collecting main parameter data of a wind generating set;
step S2: preprocessing the collected main parameter data of the wind generating set;
step S3: analyzing all subsystems of the generator set, and controlling fan main control systems of different power sections by utilizing a main control strategy;
step S4: and adding a fault diagnosis and protection mechanism, coping with abnormal conditions, designing communication with an upper monitoring system and a remote control system, and monitoring main parameter data in real time for operation and maintenance management and fault diagnosis.
2. The master control method for a wind turbine generator set based on an autonomous controllable PLC according to claim 1, wherein the main parameter data of the wind turbine generator set in step S1 includes: power data, ambient wind speed data, cut-out wind speed data, and historical fault data.
3. The master control method for the wind generating set based on the autonomous controllable PLC according to claim 2, wherein the preprocessing in the step S2 includes data cleaning, abnormal value removal and missing value correction.
4. The master control method for the wind generating set based on the autonomous controllable PLC according to claim 3, wherein the specific step of step S3 includes:
step S301: setting the wind speed of the environment where the wind driven generator is positioned asThe included angle between the wind direction and the impeller of the wind driven generator isCalculating the front wind speed of the impeller of the wind driven generator>The calculation formula is as follows: />；
Step S302: when the impeller of the wind driven generator rotates, the power generated by absorbing wind energy in unit time t is P,wherein->Representing the density of air>Represents the radius of the impeller of the wind power generator, < >>Representing a wind energy utilization coefficient;
step S303: the mechanical energy converted by the rotation of the impeller of the wind driven generator is，/>Wherein->Representing the mechanical energy conversion efficiency, +.>The impeller rotation speed of the wind driven generator is +.>，/>Wherein T represents wind turbine impeller torque;
step S304: and controlling the rotation speed and the pitch of the impeller of the wind driven generator by using a main control strategy and a variable pitch control strategy, so that the power generation power of the wind driven generator set is constant at the optimal power generation power.
5. The master control method of the wind generating set based on the autonomous controllable PLC according to claim 4, wherein the specific method of step S304 is as follows:
step S3041: drawing a power curve generated by impeller rotation speed-wind power by taking the impeller rotation speed of the wind driven generator as an abscissa and the power generated by wind power as an ordinate;
step S3042: when the wind speed of the environment where the wind driven generator is positioned isWhen the maximum power generated by wind power is obtained according to the curve，/>Wherein->Representing the optimal power constant, +.>Indicating the optimum rotation speed of the impeller of the wind driven generator,，/>indicating the optimal wind energy utilization rate;
step S3042: the input power of the wind driven generator is controlled, and the control conditions are as follows:
，
representing the absolute function, when->When the wind driven generator is in operation, the wind driven generator back-up power supply unit is controlled and regulated to provide the wind driven generator +.>Power of power, current speed of wind driven generator +.>Lifting to->When->When the wind driven generator is in operation, the back-up power supply unit of the wind driven generator is controlled and regulated to provide the wind driven generator +>Resistance of power, current speed of wind driven generator +.>Reduced to->。
6. The master control method of a wind turbine generator set based on an autonomous controllable PLC according to claim 5, wherein the pitch control strategy in step S304 is: the rotational speed of the wind turbine rotor is maintained at a maximum allowable rotational speed by pitch control.
7. Wind generating set master control system based on autonomous controllable PLC, which is realized based on the wind generating set master control method based on autonomous controllable PLC according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising: the wind power generation system comprises a wind sensor, a wind power generator set, a control module, an energy storage device and a monitoring display device;
the wind sensor is used for detecting the wind speed of the environment where the wind generating set is located;
the wind generating set is used for capturing kinetic energy of flowing air, converting part of the kinetic energy in the windward swept area of the wind wheel blades into mechanical energy, and converting the mechanical energy into electric energy through the generator;
the control module is used for controlling the rotation speed and the pitch of the impeller of the wind driven generator;
the energy storage device is used for storing the electric energy converted by the generator;
the monitoring display device is used for monitoring main parameter data of the wind driven generator and displaying the main parameter data of the wind driven generator in the upper monitoring system.
8. The autonomous controllable PLC based wind turbine master control system of claim 7, wherein the wind turbine includes: nacelle, impeller, low speed shaft, high speed shaft, gearbox, mechanical brake, generator and backup energy unit;
the cabin is used for containing key equipment of the wind driven generator and comprises a gear box and a generator;
the impeller is used for capturing wind and transmitting the wind to the axis of the rotor;
the low-speed shaft is used for driving the impeller to rotate at a low speed;
the high-speed shaft is used for driving the impeller to rotate at a high speed;
the gearbox is used for increasing the rotating speed of the high-speed shaft to 50 times of that of the low-speed shaft;
the mechanical brake is used for emergency braking when the pneumatic brake fails or the wind driven generator is maintained;
the generator is used for converting mechanical energy into electric energy;
the backup energy source unit is used for providing impeller power or resistance power.
9. The wind generating set master control system based on the autonomous controllable PLC according to claim 8, wherein the control module comprises a master control unit and a pitch control unit,
the main control unit is used for controlling and regulating the rotating speed of the impeller of the wind driven generator in real time by utilizing a main control strategy;
the pitch control unit is used for controlling and adjusting the pitch of the wind driven generator in real time by utilizing a pitch control strategy.
10. The autonomous controllable PLC based wind generating set master control system of claim 9, wherein the monitoring display device includes: a monitoring unit and a display unit,
the monitoring unit is used for monitoring main parameter data of the wind driven generator;
and the display unit is used for displaying the main parameter data of the wind driven generator in the upper monitoring system.
11. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, characterized in that the processor, when executing the computer program, implements the steps of the autonomous controllable PLC based wind park master control method of any of claims 1-6.
12. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon computer instructions which when run perform the steps of the autonomous controllable PLC based wind park master control method according to any of the claims 1-6.
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