CN117220253A - Transient overvoltage protection system and method for high-voltage direct-current power generation system - Google Patents
Transient overvoltage protection system and method for high-voltage direct-current power generation system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of aviation high-voltage direct-current power generation, and relates to a transient overvoltage protection system and method of a high-voltage direct-current power generation system. The system comprises: the system comprises a power supply circuit, a voltage-regulating point voltage acquisition and comparison circuit, an FPGA processing circuit, a state information conversion circuit and an overvoltage protection component; the power supply circuit is used for converting the input 28V direct current into direct current power supplies with different voltages and is used for other circuits and components in the system; the voltage-regulating point voltage acquisition and comparison circuit comprises three voltage acquisition and comparison sub-circuits; the input end of the voltage-regulating point voltage acquisition and comparison circuit is a voltage-regulating point voltage signal of the high-voltage direct-current power generation system, and three overvoltage signals are output to the FPGA processing circuit after passing through the three voltage acquisition and comparison sub-circuits; the FPGA processing circuit judges whether the high-voltage direct-current power generation system is over-voltage or not according to the three-way over-voltage signals, and outputs a control signal according to the judgment result of whether the high-voltage direct-current power generation system is over-voltage or not, and the control signal is converted by the state information conversion circuit to control the work of the over-voltage protection assembly so as to protect the high-voltage direct-current power generation system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aviation high-voltage direct-current power generation, and relates to a transient overvoltage protection system and method of a high-voltage direct-current power generation system.
Background
When the current aviation high-voltage direct current power generation system is developed, in order to meet the requirements of wide rotation speed and high-power overload operation, the power generation voltage limit of a general motor can reach more than 2 times of rated voltage. According to the power generation and voltage regulation principle of the aviation high-voltage direct current power generation system, when the high-voltage direct current power generator is in abnormal working conditions such as high rotation speed, abrupt change from heavy load to light load, no load, excitation short circuit and the like, the load of the power generation system can bear tens ms of instantaneous overvoltage due to the fixed inverse delay of overvoltage protection of a power generator controller and the on-off delay of a contactor, and the power generation system is very unfavorable for safe and reliable operation and power utilization load of the power generation system, so the invention provides a transient overvoltage protection system and a transient overvoltage protection method of the high-voltage direct current power generation system based on the design of improving the safety of the high-voltage direct current power generation system.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is that: in order to solve the problem of transient overvoltage in the aviation high-voltage direct current power generation system, the invention aims to provide a reliable high-voltage direct current power generation system transient overvoltage protection system and a reliable high-voltage direct current power generation system transient overvoltage protection method, which can quickly respond when the high-voltage direct current power generation system has transient overvoltage, and can be controlled together with a generator controller to quickly pull the voltage of the power generation system to a safe range, so that an electric load is protected from the normal overvoltage impact, and the power generation system can safely and reliably operate.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a high voltage direct current power generation system transient overvoltage protection system comprising: the system comprises a power supply circuit, a voltage-regulating point voltage acquisition and comparison circuit, an FPGA processing circuit, a state information conversion circuit and an overvoltage protection component;
the power supply circuit is used for converting the input 28V direct current into direct current power supplies with different voltages and used for other circuits and components in the system;
the voltage-regulating point voltage acquisition and comparison circuit comprises three voltage acquisition and comparison sub-circuits; the input end of the voltage-regulating point voltage acquisition and comparison circuit is a voltage-regulating point voltage signal of the high-voltage direct-current power generation system, and an overvoltage signal 1, an overvoltage signal 2 and an overvoltage signal 3 are output to the FPGA processing circuit after three voltage acquisition and comparison sub-circuits;
the FPGA processing circuit judges whether the high-voltage direct-current power generation system is over-voltage or not according to the over-voltage signal 1, the over-voltage signal 2 and the over-voltage signal 3, and outputs a control signal to control the work of the over-voltage protection component according to the judgment result of whether the over-voltage is over-voltage or not so as to protect the high-voltage direct-current power generation system.
Further, the three voltage acquisition and comparison sub-circuits are independent of each other and are structurally different.
Further, the first voltage acquisition and comparison sub-circuit includes: the device comprises a Hall voltage sensor, a sampling resistor, a follower, a comparator, a voltage stabilizing tube and a reference voltage A;
the Hall voltage sensor converts voltage signals of a voltage regulating point into current signals, then the current signals are converted into voltage signals through a sampling resistor, the voltage signals are compared with a reference voltage A through a comparator after passing through a follower, the comparison result is high-low level signals, and an overvoltage signal 1 is output after voltage stabilization through a voltage stabilizing tube.
Further, the second voltage acquisition and comparison sub-circuit comprises: the first path of multi-resistor serial-parallel voltage dividing module, a follower, a comparator, a voltage stabilizing tube and a reference voltage B;
the first path of multi-resistor serial-parallel voltage dividing module converts a voltage signal of a voltage regulating point into a small voltage signal, the small voltage signal is compared with a reference voltage B through a comparator after passing through a follower, a comparison result is a high-low level signal, and an overvoltage signal 2 is output after voltage stabilization through a voltage stabilizing tube;
the reference voltage B and the reference voltage a are generated by different reference sources.
Further, the third voltage acquisition and comparison sub-circuit includes: the second path of multi-resistor serial-parallel voltage dividing module, a comparator, a voltage stabilizing tube and a reference voltage C;
the second multi-resistor series-parallel voltage dividing module converts the voltage signal of the voltage regulating point into a small voltage signal, compares the small voltage signal with the reference voltage C through a comparator, and outputs an overvoltage signal 3 after the comparison result is a high-low level signal and is stabilized by a voltage stabilizing tube;
the voltage division ratio of the second path of multi-resistor serial-parallel voltage division module is different from that of the first path of multi-resistor serial-parallel voltage division module, and the voltage values of the reference voltage C and the reference voltage B are different.
Further, when at least two signals of the overvoltage signal 1, the overvoltage signal 2 and the overvoltage signal 3 are at a high level, the FPGA processing circuit judges that true overvoltage occurs; the output power switch control signal is high level for 100ms; outputting an overvoltage protection trigger signal to be low level, and keeping for 100ms; outputting an overvoltage protection trigger locking signal to be high level;
in the 100ms time when the power switch control signal is at the high level, if at least two paths of the three paths of overvoltage signals are still at the high level, the output power switch control signal is at the continuous low level; the output overvoltage protection trigger signal jumps from low level to high level; outputting an overvoltage protection trigger locking signal to be low level;
when N times of true overvoltage appear in one working process, the output power switch control signal is continuously low level, the output overvoltage protection trigger signal is high level, and the overvoltage protection trigger locking signal is low level;
the overvoltage protection trigger signal and the overvoltage protection trigger locking signal are transmitted to the generator controller; the overvoltage protection trigger signal is low, indicating that overvoltage protection is triggered. The overvoltage protection triggering locking signal is of low level, which indicates that the overvoltage protection is locked, and the overvoltage protection function is not started in the working process.
Further, the input end of the overvoltage protection component is connected with a power switch control signal and the power output+ and output-of the high-voltage direct-current power generation system;
when the control signal of the power switch is received to be at a high level, the power switch is turned on, and the overvoltage protection energy release module is used for releasing energy between the power output and the output of the high-voltage direct-current power generation system; when the power switch control signal is low, the power switch is turned off.
Further, the system further comprises: a BIT detection circuit;
the FPGA control module is also used for sending a detection excitation signal to the BIT detection circuit, and the BIT detection circuit outputs the detection excitation signal to the voltage regulation point voltage comparison circuit after filtering and voltage stabilization; the detection signal enters an FPGA processing circuit after passing through a first path of voltage acquisition and comparison sub-circuit in the voltage regulation point voltage comparison circuit;
the FPGA processing circuit performs AND logic synthesis on the detection excitation signal, an overvoltage signal 1 generated by the detection signal and a driving board state signal output by the overvoltage protection component, and the comprehensive result is used as a self-checking result signal to be output to the generator controller after passing through the state information conversion circuit; the self-test result signal is a low/open discrete magnitude signal, the low level is active, indicating that the self-test passed, and the open circuit indicates that the self-test failed.
A method for transient overvoltage protection in a high voltage direct current power generation system, the method being implemented by the system, the method comprising the steps of:
the first step: after power-on, finishing the reset, configuration and initialization of the FPGA processing circuit; the power switch control signal is initialized to be low level; an overvoltage protection trigger signal is initialized to be at a high level, and an overvoltage protection trigger locking signal is initialized to be at a high level;
and a second step of: powering on BIT self-test;
and a third step of: judging whether each path of overvoltage signal is in high level or not respectively;
fourth step: collecting three paths of overvoltage signals processed by the voltage collecting and comparing sub-circuits by taking 1ms as a period, judging whether two paths or more than two paths of overvoltage signals are high level at the same time, if so, judging that 'true' overvoltage occurs, outputting a power switch control signal to be high level and keeping for 100ms, keeping an overvoltage protection trigger signal to be low level for 100ms, and outputting an overvoltage protection trigger locking signal to be high level; otherwise, judging that the power switch is in false overvoltage, and keeping the last output state by the output power switch control signal;
fifth part: collecting power switch control signals with 1ms as a period, when the power switch control signals are in 100ms of high level, two or more than two paths of overvoltage signals still are in high level, judging that 'true' overvoltage still occurs, outputting the power switch signals in continuous low level, the overvoltage protection trigger signals 1 in continuous high level and the overvoltage protection trigger locking signals in continuous low level, otherwise judging that 'false' overvoltage exists, and keeping the last output state;
sixth step: continuously monitoring a true overvoltage signal, outputting an overvoltage protection trigger locking signal to be in a continuously low level and an overvoltage protection trigger signal to be in a continuously high level when N times of true overvoltage occur in one working process, and latching a power switch control signal to be in a low level, otherwise, keeping the last output state;
seventh step: and (5) ending.
Further, in the third step, the process of judging whether each path of overvoltage signal is high level is as follows: and collecting an overvoltage signal 1, an overvoltage signal 2 and an overvoltage signal 3 every 50 microseconds, continuously sampling for 20 times, outputting a processed overvoltage signal 11, an overvoltage signal 22 and an overvoltage signal 33 if each signal in three paths of signals has high level for 15 times or more than 15 times, and judging that the signals are high level, otherwise, judging that the signals are low level.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a transient overvoltage protection system and method for a high-voltage direct-current power generation system, wherein an algorithm is controlled by a field programmable logic gate array, and the system is combined with a generator controller when the system is subjected to transient overvoltage, so that the transient overvoltage protection during the operation process of the high-voltage direct-current power generation system is realized, the uninterrupted power supply of the aviation high-voltage direct-current power generation system is ensured, and the safety of post-stage electric equipment is protected.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, specific drawings of the embodiments will be described.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a transient overvoltage protection system for a high voltage dc power generation system.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first voltage acquisition and comparison circuit.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second voltage acquisition and comparison circuit.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a third voltage acquisition and comparison circuit.
Fig. 5 is a functional block diagram of an overvoltage protection component.
Fig. 6 is a flow chart of a method for transient overvoltage protection in a high voltage dc power generation system.
Detailed Description
This section is an embodiment of the present invention for explaining and explaining the technical solution of the present invention.
The main conception of the invention is as follows: when the FPGA detects that the high-voltage direct-current power generation system outputs 'true' overvoltage, an overvoltage protection trigger signal is output to the generator controller, and meanwhile, an output power switch is turned on to input an energy consumption device, so that the output voltage of the high-voltage direct-current power generation system is quickly pulled to a normal range, and uninterrupted power supply of the high-voltage direct-current power generation system is realized; when the FPGA judges that an excitation short circuit fault or a continuous fault occurs in the high-voltage direct-current power generation system, an overvoltage protection triggering locking signal is output to the generator controller, and meanwhile, a power switch turn-off signal is output to enable the energy consumption device to withdraw from the power generation system, so that overvoltage protection of the power generation system is realized.
Example 1
A transient overvoltage protection system of a high-voltage direct-current power generation system is shown in fig. 1, and comprises a power supply circuit, a BIT detection circuit, a voltage acquisition and comparison circuit of a voltage regulation point, a state information conversion circuit, an overvoltage protection component and other functional units.
The power supply circuit: the input is 28V direct current of the generator controller, and the direct current power supplies with different voltage values required by each circuit functional unit in the product are output through a fuse, an integrated filter and DC/DC power supply modules with different specifications.
The BIT detection circuit: the input is the direct current of the generator controller 28V and the detection excitation signal output by the FPGA processing circuit, and the detection excitation signal is output to the voltage-regulating point voltage acquisition and comparison circuit after being subjected to capacitive filtering and voltage stabilizing treatment by the voltage stabilizing tube.
The voltage-regulating point voltage acquisition and comparison circuit comprises: the input is the voltage signal of the voltage regulating point of the high-voltage direct-current power generation system and the detection signal output by the BIT detection circuit.
The voltage-regulating point voltage acquisition and comparison circuit comprises three independent dissimilar voltage acquisition and comparison circuits. The detection signal is output to the FPGA processing circuit after passing through the first path of voltage acquisition and comparison circuit;
the voltage signal of the voltage regulating point of the high-voltage direct-current power generation system is output into three independent high-low level signals through three independent non-similar voltage acquisition and comparison circuits, and input signals are provided for a post-stage FPGA processing circuit.
The first voltage acquisition and comparison circuit is shown in fig. 2, a Hall voltage sensor is adopted to sensitize a voltage signal of a voltage regulation point, the voltage signal is input into the voltage regulation point, after the voltage regulation point is processed by a filter capacitor, the Hall voltage sensor can normally work in the range of the voltage signal of the voltage regulation point of the full working condition of the high-voltage direct-current power generation system through matching resistance values, the output is a current signal, the current signal is converted into a voltage signal through the sampling resistor, thus the voltage signal of the voltage regulation point of the high-voltage direct-current power generation system is converted into a small voltage signal, the small voltage signal is subjected to in-phase proportional amplification and a voltage follower, the voltage reference source is adopted to generate the reference voltage, and after the reference voltage is compared, the voltage reference voltage is subjected to resistance voltage division, capacitance filtering and voltage stabilization by a voltage stabilizing tube, and the overvoltage signal 1 is output.
The second voltage acquisition and comparison circuit is independent and dissimilar with the first voltage acquisition and comparison circuit, as shown in fig. 2, the voltage signal of the voltage regulating point is sensitive in a multi-resistor series-parallel voltage division mode, the voltage signal is input as the voltage signal of the voltage regulating point, after being processed by a filter capacitor, the second voltage acquisition and comparison circuit can normally work in the voltage signal range of the voltage regulating point of the full working condition of the high-voltage direct-current power generation system and cannot exceed the input voltage range of a rear-stage voltage follower through matching resistor resistance values, so that the voltage signal of the voltage regulating point of the high-voltage direct-current power generation system is converted into a small voltage signal, the small voltage signal is subjected to load capacity improvement through the voltage follower and is compared with a reference voltage corresponding to an overvoltage threshold, the reference voltage is generated by adopting a voltage reference source different from the voltage reference source in the first voltage acquisition and comparison circuit, and after comparison, the voltage signal is subjected to resistance voltage division, capacitance filtering and voltage stabilizing through a voltage stabilizing tube, and the overvoltage signal 2 is output.
The third voltage acquisition and comparison circuit is independent and dissimilar to the first voltage acquisition and comparison circuit and the second voltage acquisition and comparison circuit, as shown in fig. 3, the voltage signals of the voltage regulating points are sensitive by adopting multi-resistor serial-parallel voltage division different from that of the second voltage acquisition and comparison circuit, the voltage signals are input as the voltage signals of the voltage regulating points, after being processed by a transient voltage suppression diode and a filter capacitor, the third voltage acquisition and comparison circuit can normally work within the voltage signal range of the voltage regulating points under the full working condition of the high-voltage direct-current power generation system through matching resistor resistance values, so that the voltage signals of the voltage regulating points of the high-voltage direct-current power generation system are converted into small voltage signals, the small voltage signals are compared with reference voltages corresponding to overvoltage thresholds, and the reference voltages are compared by adopting different voltage references in the first voltage acquisition and comparison circuit and the second voltage acquisition and comparison circuit, and after comparison, the voltage signals are stabilized by the resistor voltage division, the capacitor filter and the voltage stabilizing tube, and the overvoltage signals 3 are output.
The voltage division ratio after the multi-resistor serial-parallel voltage division in the third voltage acquisition and comparison circuit is different from the voltage division ratio after the multi-resistor serial-parallel voltage division in the second voltage acquisition and comparison circuit;
meanwhile, the voltage value of the reference source in the third voltage acquisition and comparison circuit is different from the voltage value of the reference source in the second voltage acquisition and comparison circuit. Two embodiments are provided herein: the reference source in the second path voltage acquisition and comparison circuit and the reference source in the third path voltage acquisition and comparison circuit generate different voltage values by different chips; and secondly, different voltage values are generated by the same chip.
The three paths of voltage acquisition and comparison circuits are independent and dissimilar, multipath input signals are provided for the post-stage FPGA processing circuit, and when at least two paths of voltage acquisition and comparison circuits output high level, the generation system is judged to have 'true' overvoltage, and the three paths of independent and dissimilar voltage acquisition and comparison circuits are mutually backed up, so that overvoltage events caused by failure of an overvoltage protection function of the generation system due to failure of the single path of acquisition and comparison circuit can be effectively avoided, and meanwhile false actions of the overvoltage protection function of the generation system due to occurrence of 'false' overvoltage can be avoided.
The FPGA processing circuit: three independent high-low level signals output by the voltage acquisition and comparison circuit of the voltage regulating point are input, and a power switch control signal in the overvoltage protection component and three external output working state signals are output through the FPGA processing circuit taking the programmable logic device as a main control unit. The power switch control signal is a high-low level signal, when the power switch control signal is in a high level, the power switch in the overvoltage protection energy release module can be driven to be conducted through the driving circuit, and when the power switch control signal is in a low level, the power switch is in an off state. The three paths of working state signals are respectively an overvoltage protection trigger signal, an overvoltage protection trigger locking signal and a self-checking result signal, and the three paths of signals are high-low level signal output and low-level effective.
In addition, the FPGA processing circuit is only composed of logic gate circuits, the curing circuit is not influenced by external electromagnetic interference and other factors, the problem of program run-off is avoided, and the safety of the power generation system is improved.
Specifically, the FPGA processing circuit mainly realizes the following functions:
after power-on is completed, a detection excitation signal is output, the BIT detection circuit is controlled to work, the BIT detection circuit returns to the FPGA processing circuit after passing through the voltage-regulating point voltage acquisition and comparison circuit, meanwhile, a driving plate state signal output by the overvoltage protection component is acquired, the overvoltage signal 1, the detection excitation signal and the driving plate state signal are integrated through AND logic, and the output signal is used as a self-checking result signal to be sent to the generator controller after passing through the state conversion circuit; the self-test result signal is output by low/open discrete quantity, the low level is effective, the self-test is passed, and the open circuit indicates that the self-test is not passed.
After the self-checking is passed, the FPGA processing circuit receives three paths of output signals of the voltage acquisition and comparison circuit, logic processing is carried out on the three paths of output signals, when two paths or three paths of signals are high level, the occurrence of 'true' overvoltage phenomenon is judged, otherwise, the occurrence of false overvoltage phenomenon is considered, and overvoltage protection is not carried out.
When the FPGA processing circuit judges that the power generation system has a true overvoltage phenomenon, the FPGA processing circuit outputs a power switch control signal (high-level effective for 100 ms) to the overvoltage protection component, simultaneously outputs an overvoltage protection trigger signal 1 (low-level effective for 100 ms), outputs an overvoltage protection trigger locking signal 2 (high-level signal), and is used as an overvoltage protection trigger signal and an overvoltage protection trigger locking signal to be provided for a generator controller after passing through the state information conversion circuit; here, 100ms is based on the comprehensive consideration of the transient period index of the power supply characteristic of 50ms, the power switching loss, the impact energy which can be born by the energy-consuming device and the power of the power generation system. When the power switch is turned on and the energy consumption device is put into operation, the voltage of the power generation system can be quickly pulled into a voltage safety range from overvoltage, so that the external characteristics of the power supply of the power generation system meet the national standard requirements.
In the time of 80-100 ms when the power switch control signal is at a high level, when the FPGA processing circuit detects that two or three paths of signals output by the voltage acquisition and comparison circuit of the voltage regulation point are still at the high level, the FPGA processing circuit judges that the power generation system has excitation short circuit or continuous fault, the power switch control signal continuously outputs a low level, simultaneously outputs an overvoltage protection trigger signal 1 (from low level to high level), outputs an overvoltage protection trigger locking signal 2 (low level is effective and continuously outputs low level), and uses the overvoltage protection trigger locking signal and the overvoltage protection trigger signal as an overvoltage protection trigger signal to a generator controller after passing through the state information conversion circuit; here, (80-100) ms time is considered based on the power supply characteristic transient period index of 50ms, so that the requirements of covering the power supply characteristic transient period are met, the external characteristics of the power generation system meet the national standard requirements, and whether the excitation short circuit fault or the continuous fault occurs can be effectively judged.
The FPGA processing circuit finishes the counting function of the action times of the overvoltage protection component through collecting the power switch control signal and the overvoltage signals 1, 2 and 3 of the three-way voltage collecting and comparing circuit, and if N times of true overvoltage phenomena occur in one working process, the FPGA processing circuit outputs the power switch control signal to be in a continuous low level, namely, the control signal for locking and controlling the overvoltage protection circuit is in a low level, the overvoltage protection component does not work any more, and simultaneously, the output overvoltage protection trigger signal 1 (in a high level) and the overvoltage protection trigger locking signal 2 (in a low level) are provided for the generator controller to finish transient overvoltage protection of the power generation system.
The state information conversion circuit: the input is three paths of external working state signals output by the FPGA processing circuit, and the self-checking result signals, the overvoltage protection trigger signals and the overvoltage protection trigger locking signals which are sent to the generator controller are output through a state information conversion circuit which takes an optical MOS relay as a core and a resistance-capacitance diode as a peripheral device. The signals sent to the generator controller by the three paths are all low/open level signal output, and the low level is effective. The self-test result signal is low, indicating that the self-test passed. The overvoltage protection trigger signal is low, indicating that overvoltage protection is triggered. The overvoltage protection triggering locking signal is low, which indicates that the overvoltage protection is locked, and the overvoltage protection function is not started in the working process.
The overvoltage protection assembly: the functional block diagram of the overvoltage protection component is shown in fig. 5, and mainly comprises an overvoltage protection driving circuit and an overvoltage protection energy discharging module, wherein the input is a power switch control signal in the overvoltage protection component and the output of the high-voltage direct-current generator are output by an FPGA processing circuit. The overvoltage protection driving circuit is a digital driver, mainly takes digital control as a core, is internally provided with a fault management system, uploads the working state of the power switch to the upper computer in real time, has high driving reliability, and can realize amplification and conditioning of driving signals of the power switch. The overvoltage protection energy release module comprises a power switch, an energy consumption device and an absorption capacitor, wherein the power switch and the energy consumption device are selected according to release energy, so that the release function of instantaneous overvoltage energy is realized. Because higher peak additional voltage is generated on the loop when the power switch is turned off and is superimposed on the bus voltage, the power switch is easy to burn out, and therefore, the two ends of the power output bus of the generator are required to be connected in parallel to absorb the peak voltage by the absorption capacitor.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, N is 4.
Example two
The transient overvoltage protection method of the high-voltage direct-current power generation system, as shown in fig. 6, comprises the following steps:
the first step: after power-on, the reset, configuration and initialization of the FPGA are completed. Loading the FPGA, including power management and configuration of a clock generator, establishing a communication bridge between FPGA resources and each module, configuring logic resources of the FPGA, configuring initial values of an embedded memory in an FPGA chip, and jumping to a second step after completion. If the power-on reset, the configuration and the initialization are wrong, the process jumps to the seventh step to finish the process.
And a second step of: and (5) powering on BIT self-checking. After the power-on is finished, the FPGA processing circuit outputs a 100ms high-level detection excitation signal, the detection signal is output to the voltage-regulating point voltage acquisition comparison circuit after the capacitive filtering and the voltage-stabilizing treatment of the voltage-stabilizing tube, the FPGA processing circuit acquires an overvoltage signal 1, a detection excitation signal and a driving plate state signal, and when the detection excitation signal, the overvoltage signal 1 and the driving plate state signal are all 100ms high-level, the FPGA processing circuit outputs a 100ms low-level self-detection result signal 3 to finish the power-on BIT detection and jump to the third step. If the self-test is not passed, the process jumps to the seventh step to finish the process.
And a third step of: judging whether each path of overvoltage signal is in high level or not: and collecting an overvoltage signal 1, an overvoltage signal 2 and an overvoltage signal 3 every 50 microseconds, continuously sampling for 20 times, outputting a processed overvoltage signal 11, an overvoltage signal 22 and an overvoltage signal 33 if each signal in three paths of signals has high level for 15 times or more than 15 times, and judging that the signals are high level, otherwise, judging that the signals are low level.
Fourth step: and collecting three paths of processed overvoltage signals with a period of 1ms, judging whether two paths or more than two paths of high level exist in the three paths of overvoltage signals at the same time, if the two paths or more than two paths of high level, judging that 'true' overvoltage occurs, outputting a power switch control signal to be high level, and keeping for 100ms. Otherwise, the false overvoltage is judged, and the last output state is maintained.
Fifth part: and collecting a power switch control signal with 1ms as a period, and when the power switch control signal is in a high level (80-100 ms), judging that 'true' overvoltage appears when two or more than two paths of the processed overvoltage signals are still in a high level, wherein the output power switch signal is in a continuous low level, the overvoltage protection trigger locking signal 2 is in a continuous low level, and the overvoltage protection trigger signal 1 is in a continuous high level, otherwise, judging that 'false' overvoltage exists, and keeping the last output state.
Sixth step: and continuously monitoring a true overvoltage signal, outputting an overvoltage protection trigger locking signal 2 to be continuously low level and an overvoltage protection trigger signal 1 to be continuously high level when 4 times of true overvoltage occur in one working process, and latching a power switch control signal to be low, otherwise, keeping the last output state.
Seventh step: and (5) ending.
Claims (10)
1. A transient overvoltage protection system of a high-voltage direct-current power generation system is characterized in that: the system comprises: the system comprises a power supply circuit, a voltage-regulating point voltage acquisition and comparison circuit, an FPGA processing circuit, a state information conversion circuit and an overvoltage protection component;
the power supply circuit is used for converting the input 28V direct current into direct current power supplies with different voltages and used for other circuits and components in the system;
the voltage-regulating point voltage acquisition and comparison circuit comprises three voltage acquisition and comparison sub-circuits; the input end of the voltage-regulating point voltage acquisition and comparison circuit is a voltage-regulating point voltage signal of the high-voltage direct-current power generation system, and an overvoltage signal 1, an overvoltage signal 2 and an overvoltage signal 3 are output to the FPGA processing circuit after three voltage acquisition and comparison sub-circuits;
the FPGA processing circuit judges whether the high-voltage direct-current power generation system is over-voltage or not according to the over-voltage signal 1, the over-voltage signal 2 and the over-voltage signal 3, and outputs a control signal to control the work of the over-voltage protection component according to the judgment result of whether the over-voltage is over-voltage or not so as to protect the high-voltage direct-current power generation system.
2. The system according to claim 1, wherein: the three voltage acquisition and comparison sub-circuits are independent of each other and are different in structure.
3. The system according to claim 2, wherein: the first path of voltage acquisition and comparison sub-circuit comprises: the device comprises a Hall voltage sensor, a sampling resistor, a follower, a comparator, a voltage stabilizing tube and a reference voltage A;
the Hall voltage sensor converts voltage signals of a voltage regulating point into current signals, then the current signals are converted into voltage signals through a sampling resistor, the voltage signals are compared with a reference voltage A through a comparator after passing through a follower, the comparison result is high-low level signals, and an overvoltage signal 1 is output after voltage stabilization through a voltage stabilizing tube.
4. A system according to claim 3, characterized in that: the second path voltage acquisition and comparison sub-circuit comprises: the first path of multi-resistor serial-parallel voltage dividing module, a follower, a comparator, a voltage stabilizing tube and a reference voltage B;
the first path of multi-resistor serial-parallel voltage dividing module converts a voltage signal of a voltage regulating point into a small voltage signal, the small voltage signal is compared with a reference voltage B through a comparator after passing through a follower, a comparison result is a high-low level signal, and an overvoltage signal 2 is output after voltage stabilization through a voltage stabilizing tube;
the reference voltage B and the reference voltage a are generated by different reference sources.
5. The system according to claim 4, wherein: the third voltage acquisition and comparison sub-circuit comprises: the second path of multi-resistor serial-parallel voltage dividing module, a comparator, a voltage stabilizing tube and a reference voltage C;
the second multi-resistor series-parallel voltage dividing module converts the voltage signal of the voltage regulating point into a small voltage signal, compares the small voltage signal with the reference voltage C through a comparator, and outputs an overvoltage signal 3 after the comparison result is a high-low level signal and is stabilized by a voltage stabilizing tube;
the voltage division ratio of the second path of multi-resistor serial-parallel voltage division module is different from that of the first path of multi-resistor serial-parallel voltage division module, and the voltage values of the reference voltage C and the reference voltage B are different.
6. The system according to claim 5, wherein: when at least two paths of signals in the overvoltage signal 1, the overvoltage signal 2 and the overvoltage signal 3 are high level, the FPGA processing circuit judges that true overvoltage occurs; the output power switch control signal is high level for 100ms; outputting an overvoltage protection trigger signal to be low level, and keeping for 100ms; outputting an overvoltage protection trigger locking signal to be high level;
in the 100ms time when the power switch control signal is at the high level, if at least two paths of the three paths of overvoltage signals are still at the high level, the output power switch control signal is at the continuous low level; the output overvoltage protection trigger signal jumps from low level to high level; outputting an overvoltage protection trigger locking signal to be low level;
when N times of true overvoltage appear in one working process, the output power switch control signal is continuously low level, the output overvoltage protection trigger signal is high level, and the overvoltage protection trigger locking signal is low level;
the overvoltage protection trigger signal and the overvoltage protection trigger locking signal are transmitted to the generator controller; the overvoltage protection trigger signal is low, indicating that overvoltage protection is triggered. The overvoltage protection triggering locking signal is of low level, which indicates that the overvoltage protection is locked, and the overvoltage protection function is not started in the working process.
7. The system according to claim 6, wherein: the input end of the overvoltage protection component is connected with a power switch control signal and the power output+ and output-of the high-voltage direct-current power generation system;
when the control signal of the power switch is received to be at a high level, the power switch is turned on, and the overvoltage protection energy release module is used for releasing energy between the power output and the output of the high-voltage direct-current power generation system; when the power switch control signal is low, the power switch is turned off.
8. The system according to claim 7, wherein: the system further comprises: a BIT detection circuit;
the FPGA control module is also used for sending a detection excitation signal to the BIT detection circuit, and the BIT detection circuit outputs the detection excitation signal to the voltage regulation point voltage comparison circuit after filtering and voltage stabilization; the detection signal enters an FPGA processing circuit after passing through a first path of voltage acquisition and comparison sub-circuit in the voltage regulation point voltage comparison circuit;
the FPGA processing circuit performs AND logic synthesis on the detection excitation signal, an overvoltage signal 1 generated by the detection signal and a driving board state signal output by the overvoltage protection component, and the comprehensive result is used as a self-checking result signal to be output to the generator controller after passing through the state information conversion circuit; the self-test result signal is a low/open discrete magnitude signal, the low level is active, indicating that the self-test passed, and the open circuit indicates that the self-test failed.
9. A method for transient overvoltage protection of a high voltage direct current power generation system, the method being implemented by the system of any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the first step: after power-on, finishing the reset, configuration and initialization of the FPGA processing circuit; the power switch control signal is initialized to be low level; an overvoltage protection trigger signal is initialized to be at a high level, and an overvoltage protection trigger locking signal is initialized to be at a high level;
and a second step of: powering on BIT self-test;
and a third step of: judging whether each path of overvoltage signal is in high level or not respectively;
fourth step: collecting three paths of overvoltage signals processed by the voltage collecting and comparing sub-circuits by taking 1ms as a period, judging whether two paths or more than two paths of overvoltage signals are high level at the same time, if so, judging that 'true' overvoltage occurs, outputting a power switch control signal to be high level and keeping for 100ms, keeping an overvoltage protection trigger signal to be low level for 100ms, and outputting an overvoltage protection trigger locking signal to be high level; otherwise, judging that the power switch is in false overvoltage, and keeping the last output state by the output power switch control signal;
fifth part: collecting power switch control signals with 1ms as a period, when the power switch control signals are in 100ms of high level, two or more than two paths of overvoltage signals still are in high level, judging that 'true' overvoltage still occurs, outputting the power switch signals in continuous low level, the overvoltage protection trigger signals 1 in continuous high level and the overvoltage protection trigger locking signals in continuous low level, otherwise judging that 'false' overvoltage exists, and keeping the last output state;
sixth step: continuously monitoring a true overvoltage signal, outputting an overvoltage protection trigger locking signal to be in a continuously low level and an overvoltage protection trigger signal to be in a continuously high level when N times of true overvoltage occur in one working process, and latching a power switch control signal to be in a low level, otherwise, keeping the last output state;
seventh step: and (5) ending.
10. The method according to claim 9, wherein: in the third step, the process of judging whether each path of overvoltage signal is in a high level is as follows: and collecting an overvoltage signal 1, an overvoltage signal 2 and an overvoltage signal 3 every 50 microseconds, continuously sampling for 20 times, outputting a processed overvoltage signal 11, an overvoltage signal 22 and an overvoltage signal 33 if each signal in three paths of signals has high level for 15 times or more than 15 times, and judging that the signals are high level, otherwise, judging that the signals are low level.
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