CN117213767A - Microscale crack leakage test system - Google Patents

Microscale crack leakage test system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117213767A
CN117213767A CN202311025391.8A CN202311025391A CN117213767A CN 117213767 A CN117213767 A CN 117213767A CN 202311025391 A CN202311025391 A CN 202311025391A CN 117213767 A CN117213767 A CN 117213767A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
pressure
regulation unit
pressure control
test
bearing sleeve
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Pending
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CN202311025391.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
唐毅
廖波
邹廉列
桂春
况正
王永
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China Nuclear Power Operation Technology Corp Ltd
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China Nuclear Power Operation Technology Corp Ltd
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Application filed by China Nuclear Power Operation Technology Corp Ltd filed Critical China Nuclear Power Operation Technology Corp Ltd
Priority to CN202311025391.8A priority Critical patent/CN117213767A/en
Publication of CN117213767A publication Critical patent/CN117213767A/en
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30Nuclear fission reactors

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Abstract

The disclosure belongs to the technical field of nuclear power, and particularly relates to a microscale crack leakage test system. In the method, the filter is arranged between the water tank and the plunger pump, so that the crack is prevented from being blocked by impurities in water, and the accurate experimental result is ensured; an adjustable heater is arranged between the mass flowmeter and the test section, so that leakage quantity tests under different temperature environments are realized; and two ends of the micro-crack heat transfer pipe are welded with the spherical sealing head and the micro-crack pipe plugging head into a whole respectively, and the sealing seat, the sealing plug and the spherical sealing head form reliable spherical sealing, so that fluid in the micro-crack pipe is ensured to be discharged into the sleeve only through the micro-crack. Meanwhile, the problem of heat transfer pipe microcrack leakage test under the thermal state environment and the back pressure condition is solved, and the relation between the leakage quantity and the crack size of the heat transfer pipe microcrack sample under different test conditions is completely and comprehensively analyzed.

Description

Microscale crack leakage test system
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear power, and particularly relates to a microscale crack leakage test system.
Background
With research and development of integrity evaluation of a steam generator in a nuclear power plant, software for calculating leakage quantity of a heat transfer tube of the steam generator and performance criteria of the heat transfer tube of the steam generator are being developed at home and abroad. And on the basis, the evaluation guideline of the heat transfer tube of the steam generator is compiled, and support is provided for the compilation of the management outline of the steam generator.
The leakage quantity of the micro-cracks of the heat transfer tube of the steam generator is a key parameter of the evaluation guide rule of the heat transfer tube of the steam generator, the leakage quantity of the heat transfer tube of the steam generator under different test conditions is obtained, the relation between the leakage quantity and the defect size under different pressures is obtained, and the development of a calculation program of the leakage quantity of the micro-cracks of the heat transfer tube of the steam generator is guided. The accuracy of the test results of the microcrack leakage amount of the heat transfer pipe directly influences the reliability of the calculation program and the accuracy of the evaluation guideline.
At present, the microcrack leakage amount test of the heat transfer tubes at home and abroad has some problems: natural cracks are adopted for leakage test, and the relation between the leakage quantity and the crack size cannot be obtained due to irregular cracks; because of the limitations of the manufacturing process, the crack width is generally greater than 200 μm, and leakage data for smaller crack sizes cannot be obtained; in the prior domestic and foreign heat transfer pipe microcrack leakage test, the leakage test is mainly performed at normal temperature, the leakage test is performed relatively less in a high-temperature thermal state environment, and meanwhile, the heat transfer pipe microcrack leakage test is performed mainly at home and abroad under the condition of no back pressure, so that the heat transfer pipe microcrack leakage test data under the conditions of thermal state and with back pressure is lacked, and the research on the leakage quantity of the heat transfer pipe microcracks is insufficient.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the related art, a microscale crack leakage test system is provided.
According to an aspect of embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a micro-scale crack leakage test system including: the system comprises a water supply system, a primary side pressure control and regulation unit, a secondary side pressure control and regulation unit, a flow measurement section, a test device, a pressure relief valve and a condenser;
the test device comprises a pressure-bearing sleeve and a test piece arranged in the pressure-bearing sleeve;
the liquid output by the water supply system is pressurized and output to a primary side pressure control and regulation unit through a pump, and is sequentially input into a test piece of the test device through the primary side pressure control and regulation unit and a flow measurement section;
the liquid output by the water supply system is pressurized and output to a secondary side pressure control and regulation unit through a pump, and is input into a pressure-bearing sleeve of the test device through the secondary side pressure control and regulation unit;
the liquid input into the test piece flows out to the pressure-bearing sleeve through micro-scale cracks of the side wall of the test piece, and the liquid in the pressure-bearing sleeve flows back to the water supply system after being condensed by the condenser through the pressure relief valve;
under the condition that a test starts, the pressure relief valve is closed, the primary side pressure control and adjustment unit controls the hydraulic pressure in the test piece to be at a preset first temperature threshold value and a preset first pressure threshold value, the secondary side pressure control and adjustment unit controls the hydraulic pressure in the pressure bearing sleeve to be at a preset second temperature threshold value and a preset second pressure threshold value, and if the liquid in the test piece flows out through microscale cracks on the surface of the test piece, the flow measuring section synchronously collects the flow rate of the liquid flowing out of the test piece and the accumulated flow of the liquid;
and under the condition that the test is finished, the pressure relief valve is opened, and the liquid in the pressure-bearing sleeve flows back to the water supply system.
In one possible implementation, the test device further includes: a flange and a seal assembly;
the flange is welded on the outer side of the pipeline at the output end of the flow measuring section,
the opening end of the test piece is fixedly connected with the end part of the pipeline at the output end of the flow measurement section, penetrating through the central hole of the flange, through a sealing assembly;
one end of the pressure-bearing sleeve is in flange connection with the flange, a water inlet is formed in the side face of the pressure-bearing sleeve, a water outlet is formed in the end portion of the other end of the pressure-bearing sleeve, the water inlet is communicated with an output pipeline of the secondary side pressure control and regulation unit, and the water outlet is communicated with the condenser.
In one possible implementation, the seal assembly includes: the sealing seat, the sealing plug and the spherical sealing head;
the sealing seat and the sealing plug are cylindrical, one end of the sealing seat is welded with a pipeline port at the output end of the flow measuring section, the outer side of the other end of the sealing seat is in threaded connection with the inner side of one end of the sealing plug, and the inner wall of the other end of the sealing plug is provided with a first step part extending inwards in the radial direction;
the spherical sealing head is provided with a through hole along the axial direction, one end of the spherical sealing head is of a spherical structure and is tightly matched with the inner wall of the other end of the sealing plug, a second step part extending outwards along the radial direction is arranged between the two ends of the outer side of the spherical sealing head and close to the other end of the spherical sealing head, and the second step part is respectively tightly matched with the end part of the other end of the sealing seat, the inner wall of the sealing plug and the first step part.
In one possible implementation, the system further includes: a filter;
the liquid output by the water supply system is filtered by the filter and then is respectively input into the primary side pressure control and regulation unit and the secondary side pressure control and regulation unit.
In one possible implementation, the primary side pressure control and regulation unit and the secondary side pressure control and regulation unit each include a preheater, a heater pressure controller, and a regulator in series in the direction of liquid flow.
In one possible implementation, the primary side pressure control and regulation unit, the secondary side pressure control and regulation unit, the test piece and the pressure-bearing sleeve are respectively provided with a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor for monitoring the temperature and the pressure of the primary side pressure control and regulation unit, the secondary side pressure control and regulation unit, the test piece and the pressure-bearing sleeve in real time.
In one possible implementation, the pressure relief valve automatically opens during the test in case it is detected that the water pressure of the test device exceeds a preset threshold.
In one possible implementation, the gasket at the junction of the pressure sleeve and the flange is a metal graphite wound gasket.
In one possible implementation, the flow measurement section includes a plurality of flow meters connected in parallel.
In one possible implementation, the primary side pressure control and regulation unit and the preheater of the secondary side pressure control and regulation unit employ three-point heating.
The beneficial effects of the present disclosure are: because the reliability of the leakage test depends on core control parameters such as pressure, temperature and flow, the primary side pressure control and regulation unit, the secondary side pressure control and regulation unit and the flow measurement section can accurately control the pressure and the temperature of the test piece and the pressure-bearing sleeve respectively according to the test requirement, and the liquid environment with preset pressure and temperature inside the pressure-bearing sleeve can better simulate the external environment of the heat transfer tube after leakage, so that the method can realize more accurate, small temperature fluctuation and stable flow replenishment, thereby controlling the test parameters more accurately and obtaining stable and reliable test data.
The microscale crack leakage test system solves the problem of leakage test measurement of the heat transfer pipe with the micro-cracks of 10-200 mu m in small size, solves the problem of leakage test of the heat transfer pipe with the micro-cracks in a thermal state environment and under the condition of back pressure, and more completely and comprehensively analyzes the relation between the leakage quantity of the heat transfer pipe micro-cracks and the crack size under different test conditions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a micro-scale crack leakage test system, according to an exemplary embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a micro-scale crack leakage test apparatus, according to an exemplary embodiment.
In fig. 2:
1-pipeline, 2-flange, 3-pressure-bearing sleeve, 4-water inlet, 5-microcrack, 6-thermocouple, 7-pressure-taking hole, 8-microcrack heat transfer pipe, 9-sealing seat, 10-sealing plug, 11-spherical sealing head,
12-microcrack pipe plugs and 13-water outlets.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples.
In the present disclosure, micro-scale cracks may be expressed as micro-penetration cracks of a steam generator heat transfer tube having a size of 10-200 μm, and high temperature may be expressed as a test temperature having a temperature of about 320 ℃.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a micro-scale crack leakage test system, as shown in FIG. 1, including a water supply system, a primary side pressure control and regulation unit, a secondary side pressure control and regulation unit, a flow measurement section, a test device, a pressure relief valve, and a condenser, according to an exemplary embodiment;
the water supply system comprises a water storage tank, a filter and two pumps, in the related art, if the liquid in the detection loop has large-size impurities (such as impurities with diameters exceeding 10 mu m) exceeding the width of the crack, the impurities can block the crack, so that the test result is inaccurate, the filter is arranged between the water storage tank and the pumps to ensure that the liquid injected into the test piece does not contain the large-size impurities, and the large-size impurities in the liquid are filtered, so that the accuracy of the test result is ensured.
The two pumps are connected in parallel, liquid output from the water storage tank is output to the primary side pressure control and regulation unit through one pump, and is output to the secondary side pressure control and regulation unit through the other pump, wherein the primary side pressure control and regulation unit and the secondary side pressure control and regulation unit respectively comprise a preheater, a heater pressure controller and a voltage stabilizer which are sequentially connected in series according to the flowing direction of the liquid. The preheating section can adopt three-point heating, and voltage and power are regulated by adopting a silicon controlled rectifier, so that the rated power can be continuously regulated from 0 to 100%, and leakage quantity tests at different temperatures can be realized.
The liquid output by the primary side pressure control and regulation unit is input into a test piece of the test device through a flow measurement section; the liquid output by the water supply system is pressurized and output to the secondary side pressure control and regulation unit through the pump, and is input into the pressure-bearing sleeve of the test device through the secondary side pressure control and regulation unit.
The liquid input into the test piece flows out to the pressure-bearing sleeve through micro-scale cracks of the side wall of the test piece, and the liquid in the pressure-bearing sleeve flows back to the water supply system after being condensed by the condenser through the pressure relief valve.
Under the condition that the test starts, the pressure release valve is closed, the primary side pressure control and adjustment unit controls the hydraulic pressure in the test piece to be at a preset first temperature threshold value and a preset first pressure threshold value, the secondary side pressure control and adjustment unit controls the hydraulic pressure in the pressure bearing sleeve to be at a preset second temperature threshold value and a preset second pressure threshold value, if the liquid in the test piece flows out through microscale cracks on the surface of the test piece, the flow measurement section synchronously collects the flow rate of the liquid flowing out of the test piece and the accumulated flow of the liquid, and therefore, a tester can record the relation between the leakage quantity of the heat transfer tube micro crack sample and the crack size under the current test condition.
And under the condition that the test is finished, the pressure relief valve is opened, and the liquid in the pressure-bearing sleeve flows back to the water supply system.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a micro-scale crack leakage test apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment, and as shown in fig. 2, the test apparatus includes a flange 2, a pressure-bearing sleeve 3, a water inlet 4, a plurality of thermocouples 6, a pressure-taking hole 7, a test piece 8, a sealing seat 9, a sealing plug 10, a spherical sealing head 11, a micro-crack pipe plug 12, a water outlet 13, and a plurality of load cells. The flange 2 is fixedly connected with the pipeline 1 at the output end of the flow measuring section in a welding mode. The sealing seat 9 and the sealing plug 10 are cylindrical, one end of the sealing seat 9 is welded with a port of the pipeline 1 at the output end of the flow measuring section, the outer side of the other end of the sealing seat 9 is in threaded connection with the inner side of one end of the sealing plug 10, the inner wall of the other end of the sealing plug 10 is provided with a first step part extending inwards along the radial direction, a through hole is formed along the axial direction of the spherical sealing plug 11, one end of the spherical sealing plug 11 is of a spherical structure and is tightly matched with the inner wall of the other end of the sealing plug 10, a second step part extending outwards along the radial direction is arranged between the two ends of the outer side of the spherical sealing plug 11 and is tightly matched with the end of the other end of the sealing seat 9, the inner wall of the sealing plug 10 and the first step part respectively, the side wall of the test piece 8 is provided with micro-scale cracks, one end of the test piece 8 is provided with an open end, the other end of the test piece 12 is provided with a blind end, and the open end of the test piece 8 is welded with the other end of the spherical sealing plug 11 into a whole, thus the spherical sealing 11, the sealing seat 9 and the sealing plug 10 form a reliable spherical seal, and the fluid in the test piece 8 is only discharged into the sleeve through the micro-crack 5 of the test piece 8. The pressure-bearing sleeve 3 is horizontally arranged, the opening end of one end of the pressure-bearing sleeve 3 is in flange connection with the flange 2, the pressure-bearing sleeve 3 seals the part from the pipeline 1 on one side of the flange 2 to the test piece 8, the side surface of the pressure-bearing sleeve 3 is provided with the water inlet 4, and fluid output by the secondary side pressure control and regulation unit is input into the pressure-bearing sleeve 3 through the water inlet. The other end of the pressure-bearing sleeve 3 is provided with a water outlet 13, and the water outlet 13 is connected to the water storage tank through a condenser and is used for condensing the liquid leaked by the test piece through the condenser and then returning the condensed liquid to the water storage tank. Under the back pressure condition, the secondary side pressure control and regulation unit controls the output fluid to form preset temperature and pressure, and stable back pressure is formed in the pressure-bearing sleeve, so that the leakage amount test under the condition of the back pressure is realized. The pressure-bearing sleeve 3 is internally provided with a thermocouple 6 and a pressure-taking hole 7 for respectively acquiring the temperature and the pressure in the sleeve, and the loop pipeline 1 is internally provided with the thermocouple 6 and the pressure-taking hole 7 for acquiring the temperature and the pressure in the loop pipeline 1.
In one possible implementation manner, the gasket at the flange joint of the pressure-bearing sleeve is made of metal graphite wound gasket, so that the flange joint of the pressure-bearing sleeve can be ensured to safely operate under the working condition of high temperature and high pressure for a long time.
In one application example, after the test device is installed, the pressure and leakage of the valve control loop are regulated, deionized water is filtered by the filter and then heated by the preheating section, and then returned to the condensation water storage tank by the test device and the shell-and-tube condenser. The pressure data of the thermometer in the pressure-bearing sleeve is obtained through the thermocouple arranged in the test device and the pressure sensor of the pressure-taking hole, the leakage data of the test piece is obtained through the mass flowmeter, and if the pressure-bearing sleeve is in a working condition with back pressure, the exhaust pipeline of the pressure-bearing sleeve is connected with the pressure stabilizer, so that the back pressure in the pressure-bearing sleeve is kept stable. And obtaining the relation between the microcrack size and the leakage amount of the test piece under different test conditions after obtaining the leakage amount, the temperature and the back pressure value of the microcrack of the test piece and the internal pressure value of the pipe.
Because the reliability of the leakage test depends on core control parameters such as pressure, temperature and flow, the primary side pressure control and regulation unit, the secondary side pressure control and regulation unit and the flow measurement section can accurately control the pressure and the temperature of the test piece and the pressure-bearing sleeve respectively according to the test requirement, and the liquid environment with preset pressure and temperature inside the pressure-bearing sleeve can better simulate the external environment of the heat transfer tube after leakage, so that the method can realize more accurate, small temperature fluctuation and stable flow replenishment, thereby controlling the test parameters more accurately and obtaining stable and reliable test data.
The microscale crack leakage test system solves the problem of leakage test measurement of the heat transfer pipe with the micro-cracks of 10-200 mu m in small size, solves the problem of leakage test of the heat transfer pipe with the micro-cracks in a thermal state environment and under the condition of back pressure, and more completely and comprehensively analyzes the relation between the leakage quantity of the heat transfer pipe micro-cracks and the crack size under different test conditions.
The foregoing description of the embodiments of the present disclosure has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and is not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the various embodiments described. The terminology used herein was chosen in order to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application, or the improvement of technology in the marketplace, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. A microscale crack leakage test system, the microscale crack leakage test system comprising: the system comprises a water supply system, a primary side pressure control and regulation unit, a secondary side pressure control and regulation unit, a flow measurement section, a test device, a pressure relief valve and a condenser;
the test device comprises a pressure-bearing sleeve and a test piece arranged in the pressure-bearing sleeve;
the liquid output by the water supply system is pressurized and output to a primary side pressure control and regulation unit through a pump, and is sequentially input into a test piece of the test device through the primary side pressure control and regulation unit and a flow measurement section;
the liquid output by the water supply system is pressurized and output to a secondary side pressure control and regulation unit through a pump, and is input into a pressure-bearing sleeve of the test device through the secondary side pressure control and regulation unit;
the liquid input into the test piece flows out to the pressure-bearing sleeve through micro-scale cracks of the side wall of the test piece, and the liquid in the pressure-bearing sleeve flows back to the water supply system after being condensed by the condenser through the pressure relief valve;
under the condition that a test starts, the pressure relief valve is closed, the primary side pressure control and adjustment unit controls the hydraulic pressure in the test piece to be at a preset first temperature threshold value and a preset first pressure threshold value, the secondary side pressure control and adjustment unit controls the hydraulic pressure in the pressure bearing sleeve to be at a preset second temperature threshold value and a preset second pressure threshold value, and if the liquid in the test piece flows out through microscale cracks on the surface of the test piece, the flow measuring section synchronously collects the flow rate of the liquid flowing out of the test piece and the accumulated flow of the liquid;
and under the condition that the test is finished, the pressure relief valve is opened, and the liquid in the pressure-bearing sleeve flows back to the water supply system.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the test device further comprises: a flange and a seal assembly;
the flange is welded on the outer side of the pipeline at the output end of the flow measuring section,
the opening end of the test piece is fixedly connected with the end part of the pipeline at the output end of the flow measurement section, penetrating through the central hole of the flange, through a sealing assembly;
one end of the pressure-bearing sleeve is in flange connection with the flange, a water inlet is formed in the side face of the pressure-bearing sleeve, a water outlet is formed in the end portion of the other end of the pressure-bearing sleeve, the water inlet is communicated with an output pipeline of the secondary side pressure control and regulation unit, and the water outlet is communicated with the condenser.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein the seal assembly comprises: the sealing seat, the sealing plug and the spherical sealing head;
the sealing seat and the sealing plug are cylindrical, one end of the sealing seat is welded with a pipeline port at the output end of the flow measuring section, the outer side of the other end of the sealing seat is in threaded connection with the inner side of one end of the sealing plug, and the inner wall of the other end of the sealing plug is provided with a first step part extending inwards in the radial direction;
the spherical sealing head is provided with a through hole along the axial direction, one end of the spherical sealing head is of a spherical structure and is tightly matched with the inner wall of the other end of the sealing plug, a second step part extending outwards along the radial direction is arranged between the two ends of the outer side of the spherical sealing head and close to the other end of the spherical sealing head, and the second step part is respectively tightly matched with the end part of the other end of the sealing seat, the inner wall of the sealing plug and the first step part.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the system further comprises: a filter;
the liquid output by the water supply system is filtered by the filter and then is respectively input into the primary side pressure control and regulation unit and the secondary side pressure control and regulation unit.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the primary side pressure control and regulation unit and the secondary side pressure control and regulation unit each comprise a preheater, a heater pressure controller, and a pressure regulator in series in the direction of fluid flow.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the primary side pressure control and regulation unit, the secondary side pressure control and regulation unit, the test piece and the pressure-bearing sleeve are provided with temperature sensors and pressure sensors, respectively, for monitoring the temperatures and pressures of the primary side pressure control and regulation unit, the secondary side pressure control and regulation unit, the test piece and the pressure-bearing sleeve in real time.
7. The system of claim 1, wherein the pressure relief valve automatically opens during testing upon detecting that the water pressure of the test device exceeds a preset threshold.
8. The system of claim 1, wherein the gasket at the junction of the pressure sleeve and the flange is a metal graphite wound gasket.
9. The system of claim 1, wherein the flow measurement section comprises a plurality of flow meters connected in parallel.
10. The system of claim 5, wherein the primary side pressure control and regulation unit and the preheater of the secondary side pressure control and regulation unit employ three-point heating.
CN202311025391.8A 2023-08-15 2023-08-15 Microscale crack leakage test system Pending CN117213767A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311025391.8A CN117213767A (en) 2023-08-15 2023-08-15 Microscale crack leakage test system

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311025391.8A CN117213767A (en) 2023-08-15 2023-08-15 Microscale crack leakage test system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN117213767A true CN117213767A (en) 2023-12-12

Family

ID=89037843

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202311025391.8A Pending CN117213767A (en) 2023-08-15 2023-08-15 Microscale crack leakage test system

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN117213767A (en)

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