CN110646044B - Method and device for non-contact detection of thermal fluid flow - Google Patents
Method and device for non-contact detection of thermal fluid flow Download PDFInfo
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- CN110646044B CN110646044B CN201910985301.7A CN201910985301A CN110646044B CN 110646044 B CN110646044 B CN 110646044B CN 201910985301 A CN201910985301 A CN 201910985301A CN 110646044 B CN110646044 B CN 110646044B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/68—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using thermal effects
- G01F1/684—Structural arrangements; Mounting of elements, e.g. in relation to fluid flow
- G01F1/6847—Structural arrangements; Mounting of elements, e.g. in relation to fluid flow where sensing or heating elements are not disturbing the fluid flow, e.g. elements mounted outside the flow duct
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/68—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using thermal effects
- G01F1/684—Structural arrangements; Mounting of elements, e.g. in relation to fluid flow
- G01F1/688—Structural arrangements; Mounting of elements, e.g. in relation to fluid flow using a particular type of heating, cooling or sensing element
- G01F1/6884—Structural arrangements; Mounting of elements, e.g. in relation to fluid flow using a particular type of heating, cooling or sensing element making use of temperature dependence of optical properties
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical fiber sensing, and particularly relates to a method and a device for non-contact detection of thermal fluid flow. The method comprises the following steps: s1, enabling the sealed pipeline to penetrate through the heating unit and the energy output unit, and uniformly installing a plurality of temperature sensors on the outer wall of the sealed pipeline; s2, introducing fluid; s3, each temperature sensor obtains temperature data, and the temperature data is input into a pre-trained neural network model to obtain flow information of the fluid; the pre-trained neural network model is a model trained by adopting a neural network algorithm based on the temperature in a preset historical time period and the corresponding flow information of the fluid. The method is based on a preset model, and the temperature of the fluid is measured through a temperature sensor, so that the flow information of the fluid in the pipeline is obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical fiber sensing, and particularly relates to a method and a device for non-contact detection of thermal fluid flow.
Background
The control of the operation state of the nuclear power station is very important, great potential safety hazards exist in high-load operation, and the power generation efficiency is rapidly reduced due to low-standard operation. The adjustment of the operation state of the nuclear power station mainly depends on the accurate measurement of the power of a loop, and can be directly obtained through the measurement of the flow of the condensing agent.
However, because the requirement on the sealing performance of a primary circuit is high, a plug-in flowmeter cannot be installed for direct measurement, and the power measurement mode of the primary circuit is mainly obtained by indirectly multiplying the ratio of the measured rotating speed and the rated rotating speed of the primary pump by the rated flow.
In this process, the flow coefficient also needs to be calibrated occasionally using the power calculated by the thermal balance test. The indirect method-based power value measuring process is complex, and the radiation of a loop system is strong, so that the traditional electrical sensor cannot work normally.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the existing technical problems, the invention provides a method for the non-contact detection of the flow of hot fluid, which is based on a preset model and measures the temperature of the fluid through a temperature sensor so as to obtain the flow information of the fluid in a pipeline.
(II) technical scheme
The invention provides a method for non-contact detection of thermal fluid flow, which comprises the following steps:
s1, enabling the sealed pipeline to penetrate through the heating unit and the energy output unit, and uniformly installing a plurality of temperature sensors on the outer wall of the sealed pipeline;
s2, introducing fluid;
s3, each temperature sensor obtains temperature data, and the temperature data is input into a pre-trained neural network model to obtain flow information of the fluid;
the pre-trained neural network model is a model trained by adopting a neural network algorithm based on the temperature in a preset historical time period and the corresponding flow information of the fluid.
Furthermore, the temperature sensor comprises a micro-nano optical fiber, a single-mode optical fiber and a quartz capillary tube, two ends of the quartz capillary tube are opened, the micro-nano optical fiber and the single-mode optical fiber are fixed on the inner wall of the quartz capillary tube, and a space is reserved between the micro-nano optical fiber and the single-mode optical fiber to form an F-P cavity.
Further, the fluid is a gas, a liquid or a gas-liquid mixed homogeneous fluid.
Further, the temperature sensor is arranged on the outer wall of the sealed pipeline in a polymer embedding and fixing mode.
Further, the heating unit is a nuclear reactor or a flame unit.
The invention also provides a device for the thermal fluid flow non-contact detection method based on the thermal fluid flow non-contact detection device, which comprises a sealed pipeline, a heating unit and an energy output unit, wherein the sealed pipeline penetrates through the heating unit and the energy output unit, a plurality of temperature sensors are uniformly arranged on the outer wall of the sealed pipeline, each temperature sensor consists of a micro-nano optical fiber, a single-mode optical fiber and a quartz capillary, two ends of the quartz capillary are opened, the micro-nano optical fiber and the single-mode optical fiber are fixed on the inner wall of the quartz capillary, and a space is reserved between the micro-nano optical fiber and the single-mode optical fiber to.
Further, the distance between the micro-nano optical fiber and the single-mode optical fiber is 35-45 micrometers.
Further, the diameter of the micro-nano optical fiber is 35-45 micrometers, and the diameter of the single-mode optical fiber is 120-130 micrometers.
Further, the temperature sensor is arranged on the outer wall of the sealed pipeline in a polymer embedding and fixing mode.
(III) advantageous effects
The method for detecting the flow of the hot fluid in a non-contact manner can detect the gradient change trend of the temperature of the outer wall of the pipeline, further obtain the heat conduction distribution characteristic based on the change of the flow of the fluid in the pipeline, obtain the real-time flow of the fluid in the pipeline through calculation and analysis, and realize the non-contact real-time monitoring of the flow of the fluid in the sealed pipeline.
The device for the non-contact detection of the flow of the hot fluid, provided by the invention, has high sensitivity and accurate measurement result.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a temperature gradient curve of a method for non-contact detection of a thermal fluid flow according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an apparatus for non-contact detection of thermal fluid flow provided by the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the temperature sensor of the present invention.
[ description of reference ]
1: sealing the pipeline; 2: a heating unit; 3: an energy output unit; 4: a temperature sensor; 41: micro-nano optical fibers; 42: a single mode optical fiber.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of better explaining the present invention and to facilitate understanding, the present invention will be described in detail by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a method for non-contact detection of thermal fluid flow, which comprises the following steps:
s1, enabling the sealed pipeline to penetrate through the heating unit and the energy output unit, and uniformly installing a plurality of temperature sensors on the outer wall of the sealed pipeline;
s2, introducing fluid;
s3, each temperature sensor obtains temperature data, and the temperature data is input into a pre-trained neural network model to obtain flow information of the fluid;
the pre-trained neural network model is a model trained by adopting a neural network algorithm based on the temperature in a preset historical time period and the corresponding flow information of the fluid.
Further, the fluid is a gas, a liquid or a gas-liquid mixed homogeneous fluid.
The temperature detected by each temperature sensor changes along with the change of the fluid flow, the method obtains a temperature gradient change curve as shown in figure 1 by detecting the temperature reduction trend of the pipeline in the fluid flow direction, and obtains corresponding fluid flow information by calculating and analyzing the change rate and the trend of the curve.
The invention also provides a device for the above method for non-contact detection of hot fluid flow, as shown in fig. 2, a closed circular ring with an arrow at the center part indicates the flow direction of the fluid, comprising: the sealed pipeline 1, the heating unit 2 and the energy output unit 3, wherein the sealed pipeline 1 penetrates through the heating unit 2 and the energy output unit 3. The sealed pipeline 1 is made of stainless steel or plastic and is of a hollow cylindrical structure, the diameter of the pipeline is larger than 5cm, and the thickness of the pipeline is 15-20cm, so that the installation and detection requirements of the temperature sensor are met. The heating unit 2 is a nuclear reactor or a flame unit (heating by flame heating), and the energy output unit 3 is used for exchanging energy between heat in the pipeline and an external connecting unit.
A plurality of temperature sensors 4 are uniformly installed on the outer wall of the sealed pipe 1, and each temperature sensor 4 detects a different temperature due to a change in the flow rate of the fluid. Preferably, the temperature sensor 4 is mounted on the outer wall of the sealed pipe 1 by means of polymer embedding and fixing. The number of the temperature sensors can be set according to the actual length of the pipeline and detection requirements, and the invention is not limited.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, the temperature sensor 4 is composed of a micro-nano optical fiber 41, a single-mode optical fiber 42 and a quartz capillary, two ends of the quartz capillary are opened, the micro-nano optical fiber 41 and the single-mode optical fiber 42 are fixed on the inner wall of the quartz capillary through a temperature sensitive material PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane), the diameter of the micro-nano optical fiber 41 is 35-45 micrometers, and the diameter of the single-mode optical fiber 42 is 120-130 micrometers. And a distance of 35-45 micrometers is reserved between the first end face of the micro-nano optical fiber 41 and the first end face of the single-mode optical fiber 42, so that an F-P cavity is formed, and the second end face of the micro-nano optical fiber 41 and the second end face of the single-mode optical fiber 42 are respectively flush with or slightly protruded from two ends of the quartz capillary.
The temperature sensor 4 in the invention can excite a high-order mode optical signal by virtue of the micro-nano optical fiber, and simultaneously, the F-P cavity formed between the micro-nano optical fiber and the single-mode optical fiber is utilized for mode selection to generate an interference effect, so that a characteristic spectrum different from the traditional F-P interference is formed. The design of the structure can reduce the demodulation difficulty of the signal light and realize high-precision temperature fluctuation monitoring. The above parameters can be set and made according to the application requirements of the temperature sensing working range and sensitivity.
Principle of detection
When fluid flows in the pipeline, the fluid can exchange heat with the surrounding environment, the heat exchange rate depends on the temperature difference between the fluid in the pipeline and the external environment, and when the fluid flow speed is lower, more heat is lost in the process of flowing through the pipeline with the same length, and the temperature change is larger; for faster fluids, the same length has less heat loss, so the magnitude of fluid flow in a pipe can be estimated based on fixed point observations of temperature on multiple pipes of a particular length.
Before measurement, firstly, learning by utilizing characteristic data of temperatures at different flows to finish calibration work of a sensor system; in actual measurement, the change of the flow in the pipeline can cause the change of a temperature distribution field of the pipeline wall, and the micro fluctuation of the temperature can be detected in real time by installing a high-sensitivity temperature sensor at a specific position of a pipeline system. According to the temperature measurement values of different detection points, a temperature gradient change curve of the pipeline system can be drawn, the neural network algorithm of the temperature gradient change curve is analyzed, curve characteristic information of different flow rates is compared, and finally flow rate information of the fluid is obtained.
The technical principles of the present invention have been described above in connection with specific embodiments, which are intended to explain the principles of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention in any way. Based on the explanations herein, those skilled in the art will be able to conceive of other embodiments of the present invention without inventive efforts, which shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for non-contact sensing of thermal fluid flow comprising the steps of:
s1, enabling the sealed pipeline to penetrate through the heating unit and the energy output unit, and uniformly installing a plurality of temperature sensors on the outer wall of the sealed pipeline;
s2, introducing fluid;
s3, each temperature sensor obtains temperature data, and the temperature data is input into a pre-trained neural network model to obtain flow information of the fluid;
the pre-trained neural network model is a model trained by adopting a neural network algorithm based on the temperature in a preset historical time period and the corresponding flow information of the fluid;
the temperature detected by each temperature sensor changes along with the change of the fluid flow, a temperature gradient change curve is obtained by detecting the temperature reduction trend of the pipeline in the fluid flow direction, and the corresponding fluid flow information is obtained by analyzing the change rate and the trend of the curve.
2. The method for non-contact detection of thermal fluid flow according to claim 1, wherein the temperature sensor is composed of a micro-nano fiber, a single-mode fiber and a quartz capillary, both ends of the quartz capillary are open, the micro-nano fiber and the single-mode fiber are fixed on the inner wall of the quartz capillary, and a gap is formed between the micro-nano fiber and the single-mode fiber to form an F-P cavity.
3. Method for the non-contact detection of the flow of a thermal fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that said fluid is a homogeneous fluid, gaseous, liquid or gas-liquid mixture.
4. Method for the non-contact detection of the flow of a thermal fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that said temperature sensor is mounted on the external wall of the sealed conduit by means of polymer embedding and fixing.
5. Method for the non-contact detection of the flow of a thermal fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that said heating unit is a nuclear reactor or a flame unit.
6. The device for the non-contact detection of the thermal fluid flow comprises a sealed pipeline (1), a heating unit (2) and an energy output unit (3), wherein the sealed pipeline (1) penetrates through the heating unit (2) and the energy output unit (3), and is characterized in that a plurality of temperature sensors (4) are uniformly installed on the outer wall of the sealed pipeline (1), each temperature sensor consists of a micro-nano optical fiber (41), a single-mode optical fiber (42) and a quartz capillary tube, the two ends of each quartz capillary tube are opened, the micro-nano optical fiber (41) and the single-mode optical fiber (42) are fixed on the inner wall of the quartz capillary tube through PDMS, and a gap is reserved between the micro-nano optical fiber (41) and the single-mode optical fiber (42) to form an F-;
the diameter of the micro-nano optical fiber (41) is 35-45 micrometers;
the temperature sensors (4) are used for obtaining temperature data, the temperature detected by each temperature sensor can change along with the change of the fluid flow, a temperature gradient change curve is obtained by detecting the temperature reduction trend of the pipeline in the fluid flow direction, and the corresponding fluid flow information is obtained by analyzing the change rate and the trend of the curve.
7. The device for non-contact detection of thermal fluid flow according to claim 6, wherein the micro-nano fiber and single-mode fiber are spaced 35-45 microns apart.
8. The device of claim 7, wherein the single mode fiber has a diameter of 120-130 μm.
9. Device for the non-contact detection of the flow of a thermal fluid according to claim 8, characterized in that said temperature sensor is mounted on the external wall of the sealed conduit (1) by means of polymer embedding and fixing.
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| CN111721370B (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2022-08-26 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Double-nozzle natural gas flow measuring device and system based on differential pressure |
| CN113091910A (en) * | 2021-03-17 | 2021-07-09 | 华南理工大学 | Temperature estimation method based on neural network |
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