CN117211886B - Multi-element information integrated acquisition system for tunnel face and application method of multi-element information integrated acquisition system - Google Patents
Multi-element information integrated acquisition system for tunnel face and application method of multi-element information integrated acquisition system Download PDFInfo
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- CN117211886B CN117211886B CN202311471021.7A CN202311471021A CN117211886B CN 117211886 B CN117211886 B CN 117211886B CN 202311471021 A CN202311471021 A CN 202311471021A CN 117211886 B CN117211886 B CN 117211886B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel safety monitoring in a construction period, in particular to a tunnel face multi-element information integrated acquisition system and a use method thereof; the system comprises a mounting plate, a shell, an information analysis processing module, a wireless AP module, a gas measurement module, a power supply module, a binocular camera module and a quick dismantling mechanism; the antenna is fixedly arranged on the upper end face of the shell, the mounting plate is fixedly arranged on one side of the shell, and the mounting plate is fixedly arranged at the position of the primary support side wall behind the tunnel face; the information analysis processing module is fixedly arranged on the inner end face of the lower wall of the shell, the wireless AP module is fixedly arranged on one side of the information analysis processing module, the gas measurement module is fixedly arranged on one side close to the wireless AP module, the lower end face of the power supply module is arranged on the inner surface of the lower end of the shell, and the binocular camera module is fixedly arranged on the side face of the shell.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel safety monitoring in a construction period, in particular to a tunnel face multi-element information integrated acquisition system and a use method thereof.
Background
In the tunnel construction process of the drilling and blasting method, after each cycle of blasting, stability evaluation is carried out on the face, and geological sketching of the face is carried out. At present, the conventional method adopts a digital camera to take pictures on site, and adopts manual formation of the tunnel face geological sketch, so that the method has lower automation degree and larger variability. After the geological sketch of the face is completed, primary support is applied, including primary spraying, anchor bolt support, steel frame support, re-spraying and the like. Before primary spraying and after secondary spraying, adopting a three-dimensional laser scanner to scan a section, acquiring related three-dimensional information, and ensuring the thickness and flatness of a primary support; the three-dimensional laser scanner has the defects of long acquisition time, high cost and the like.
When the anchor rod is applied, the side stations are monitored on site, and information such as the construction time and the length of the anchor rod is recorded. After primary support, monitoring measurement is carried out to obtain deformation data of the primary support, and at present, a total station is combined with a target to monitor deformation of a vault and a side wall fixed point, wherein the longitudinal distance is long, the cross section point position is sparse, and the data is discontinuous; after primary support deformation is basically stable, a secondary lining is applied, and a three-dimensional laser scanner is adopted to scan the section clearance before and after pouring of the secondary lining, so that the thickness of the lining is ensured to meet the design requirement; meanwhile, parameters such as gas content, temperature, humidity and the like in the tunnel are required to be measured in the construction process, and constructors are detected and positioned.
From the construction process, the monitoring information in construction comprises surrounding rock deformation monitoring, three-dimensional point cloud scanning of construction quality, tunnel face geological sketch, gas monitoring, anchor rod drilling monitoring and the like, more devices are involved, a manual mode exists, an automatic mode exists, different devices or systems are mutually independent, power supply and communication cables are more, data are multiple heterogeneous, the integration level of the data is low, and the informatization degree of tunnel construction site management and control is low; the multi-information comprehensive automatic monitoring equipment is required to be fixedly arranged at the position of the primary support side wall behind the tunnel face, but during blasting and guniting, severe vibration can occur in the tunnel, the vibration often affects the rock structure around the tunnel, the originally stable mountain structure becomes unstable, the impact of the vibration generated by blasting on the rock around the tunnel is quite large, and the rock around the tunnel is unstable due to the vibration generated by blasting work; therefore, the tunnel face multi-information integrated acquisition system arranged on the inner wall of the tunnel can be damaged, and potential safety hazards can be brought when the acquisition system is damaged.
The existing installation mode is large in abrasion caused by multiple installation and disassembly at the same position after multiple installation at the same place, the stability of information acquisition of an acquisition system can be affected, and multi-dimensional data of a tunnel face is not beneficial to accurately calculated, so that follow-up blasting work is affected, the working efficiency of the front-stage set up of an integral tunnel can be delayed due to overlong disassembly and installation time of the acquisition system, and further troubles can be brought to other working steps.
In view of the above, in order to overcome the technical problems, the invention designs a tunnel face multi-element information integrated acquisition system and a use method thereof, and solves the technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the existing tunnel face multi-information integrated acquisition system is complicated in installation and disassembly processes, long time is required to be consumed to ensure the use stability and the disassembly integrity, and the working progress in the cyclic blasting process in the tunnel construction period is influenced; the existing information acquisition method has different data forms, more related devices are in a manual mode and an automatic mode, different devices or systems are mutually independent, power supply and communication cables are more, data are multiple and heterogeneous, the integration level of the data is low, and the informatization degree of tunnel construction site management and control is low.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
aiming at the problems that parameters and information which need to be monitored or measured in the tunnel construction process in the current construction period are various, field devices are mutually independent, wiring is complex, and communication protocols are mutually independent, the tunnel face multi-element information integrated acquisition system and the use method thereof are provided.
A multi-element information integrated acquisition system of a tunnel face comprises an installation plate, a shell, an information analysis processing module, a wireless AP module, a gas measurement module, a power supply module, a binocular camera module and a quick dismantling mechanism; the antenna is fixedly arranged on the upper end face of the shell, the mounting plate is fixedly arranged on one side of the shell, and the mounting plate is fixedly arranged at the position of the primary support side wall behind the tunnel face; the wireless AP module is fixedly arranged on one side of the information analysis processing module and is used for receiving data acquired by the tunnel face information acquisition terminal and carrying out data, analysis and uploading, the gas measurement module is fixedly arranged on one side close to the wireless AP module, the lower end face of the power supply module is arranged on the inner surface of the lower end of the shell, the power supply module can be powered by a storage battery, the storage battery can be a lithium battery or a lead-acid battery, and can be connected with an external power supply for power supply, and the external power supply voltage is 220V-380V; the binocular camera module is fixedly arranged on the side face of the shell, the quick dismantling mechanism is fixedly arranged on two sides of the mounting plate, the quick dismantling mechanism is arranged in an auxiliary positioning mode through the characteristic that magnetic poles are opposite and attractive, then the rotary knob applies mutual pressure between the mounting seat and the matching plate, and the rotary displacement of the fixing rod is limited by the safety rod.
The quick release mechanism also comprises a fixed plate; the fixing plate is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the mounting plate, which is far away from the primary support side wall behind the tunnel face, the mounting seat is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the shell, the matching plate is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the shell, the safety rod is rotatably arranged in the matching plate, the fixing rod is rotatably arranged in the mounting seat, the height value of the fixing rod is 1.2-1.3 times of the height value of the matching plate, and when the height value of the fixing rod is smaller than 1.2 times, the number of turns of rotation of the knob is less, so that a good fixing effect cannot be realized; when the length of the fixed rod is more than 1.3 times, the fixed rod is longer, and the fixed rod is easy to be damaged due to false touch in the carrying and transporting processes; the upper end face of the mounting seat is used as a reference surface, the rotation angle of the fixing rod is 0-90 degrees, the fixing rod rotates in the angle, the conversion between the mounting state and the dismounting state can be realized, and the knob is rotatably mounted at the upper end of the fixing rod.
The quick-dismantling mechanism is positioned and installed in an auxiliary mode through the characteristic that magnetic poles are opposite and attractive, and then the rotary knob applies pressure to the mounting seat and the matching plate, and the rotary displacement of the fixed rod is limited by the safety rod; the mounting seat is concave, the upper end face of the concave part of the mounting seat is provided with arc grooves along the two ends of the central axis, the radius value of the arc grooves is the same as that of the fixing rods, so that the contact of the fixing rods between the arc grooves is converted into surface-to-surface contact, the friction force is reduced, and the service life is prolonged; the inner sides of the two arc-shaped grooves are fixedly provided with rotating pins. The cross section of the matching plate is I-shaped, two safety holes are formed in the side surface of the matching plate, which is far away from the shell, and the depth value of each safety hole is 0.8 times of the width value of the matching plate, so that one end of the safety rod is prevented from being exposed; 2-4 magnetic balls are fixedly arranged in the concave part of the matching plate, the positioning effect of arranging one magnetic ball is poor, and the magnetic force is also insufficient; the magnetic force ball positioning effect of more than 5 is better, but the magnetic force is too big, and the magnetic force ball is not easy to detach.
A rotating block is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the fixed rod, a rotating hole is formed in the intersection point of two diagonal lines of the rotating block, a matching recess is formed in one surface of the fixed rod, which is close to the magnetic ball, and the fixed rod in the matching recess range is made of magnetic materials, so that the fixed rod is matched with the magnetic ball, and the magnetic force is used for auxiliary positioning and installation in the installation process; the side of the fixed rod is provided with a locking hole, the cross section of the locking hole is in a triangular sector shape, the triangular sector shape plays a limiting role, a user needs to rotate the safety rod to enable the safety rod to pass through the locking hole, so that the safety limiting role in the horizontal direction is played, the upper part of the fixed rod is provided with a spiral groove, the length value of the spiral groove is 2-3cm, the length is less than 2cm, the number of rotation turns is insufficient, and the fixed effect between the knob and the fixed rod cannot be ensured by enough pressure; the length is set to be more than 3cm, and redundant parts cannot be used in the process of matching installation, so that waste is caused. One end of the safety lever is fixedly provided with a control block, two sides of a central shaft of the control block are provided with arc-shaped concave parts, 2/3 parts of the safety lever away from the control block are provided with safety grooves, the areas contacting with the locking holes are provided with the safety grooves, the safety grooves are fan-shaped, the fan-shaped angle is 30-120 degrees, the mechanical strength of the safety grooves smaller than 30 degrees is insufficient and is easy to damage, and the locking effect of the safety grooves larger than 120 degrees is poor and can possibly deviate. The knob is hollow and cylindrical, the inner surface of the knob is provided with a threaded bulge, two poking blocks are fixedly arranged on two sides of the knob, and the poking blocks are trapezoidal in horizontal section; the anti-slip grooves are formed in the two side face linear arrays of the poking block, the directions of the anti-slip grooves on the two sides of the same fluctuation block differ by 90 degrees, and therefore the anti-slip effect of a user in the use process is enhanced.
The binocular camera module uses a high-definition multi-view multi-mode observation camera, and can perform multi-element information acquisition and analysis such as tunnel three-dimensional space deformation observation, tunnel face geological sketch automatic generation, anchor spraying construction process acquisition and analysis, tunnel face and section point cloud scanning; the binocular camera module comprises a laser light source, an infrared light supplementing lamp, an observation camera, a monitoring camera and an image analysis unit; the laser light source is fixedly arranged on the side face of the shell, the laser light source emits grid structure light, the grid structure light forms a grid detection line on the vault and the side wall of the tunnel, the infrared light supplementing lamp is fixedly arranged on the side face of the shell, the observation camera and the monitoring camera are fixedly arranged on the two sides of the laser light source, the observation camera supports color and infrared multi-mode shooting, the monitoring camera collects anchor rod construction video images, the collected images cover the anchor rod construction range of the primary support near the tunnel face, and the image analysis unit is fixedly arranged on the inner surface of the shell.
The tunnel face multi-element information integrated acquisition system has the functions of measuring temperature and gas concentration in the tunnel, and displays the result through an LED numerical lamp so as to prompt staff whether the gas content in the tunnel exceeds the standard; the gas measurement module comprises a gas detector and an LED numerical lamp, wherein the gas detector is fixedly arranged on one side of the binocular camera module, the gas which can be connected with the gas detector for measurement comprises gas, H2S, CO, SO2, CO2, NO2, NH3, H2 and O2, and the LED numerical lamp is fixedly arranged on the upper side of the infrared light supplementing lamp.
The application method of the tunnel face multi-information integrated acquisition system comprises the following steps of:
s1: arranging mounting plates on the side wall of the primary support tunnel near the tunnel face, wherein the arrangement positions comprise primary support, inverted arch, two liners and the like, fixedly mounting the shell on the mounting plates through a quick dismantling mechanism, and opening a laser light source;
s2: the laser light source is one or a combination of a plurality of point light sources, line light sources and surface light sources, and forms grid detection lines on the vault and the side wall of the tunnel, so that full-coverage grid light is formed in an unstable area of the tunnel structure in the construction period, and the observation camera and the monitoring camera are assisted to start working;
s3: when the illumination condition is poor, the infrared light supplementing lamp is turned on, the observation camera performs color and infrared multi-mode shooting, a shooting picture covers the whole area of the tunnel face and mainly shoots tunnel circumferential images of the tunnel face and the tunnel face nearby without primary support positions;
s4: the monitoring camera can shoot key work areas such as grid light, an inverted arch construction area, a second lining construction area and the like, so that the monitoring function is realized, and shooting pictures of the observation camera and the monitoring camera can be transmitted to the information analysis processing module through the wireless AP module;
s5: the information analysis processing module is responsible for analyzing the quality of the structured light image, and comparing and analyzing the subsequently acquired structured light image with the first frame image by taking the first frame image which is basically free of shielding and high in definition as a reference to obtain a structure deformation measurement result;
s6: the information analysis processing module fuses, uploads and manages the collected and analyzed information by means of the existing communication network (optical fiber or wireless 4G/5G) in the tunnel through the wireless AP module.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. according to the invention, the quick dismantling mechanism is arranged, the quick dismantling mechanism is positioned and installed in an auxiliary way through the characteristic that magnetic poles of the internal components are opposite, the rotary knob is further used for exerting pressure on the mounting seat and the matching plate, and the rotary displacement of the fixing rod is limited by the safety rod, so that the installation stability is ensured while the quick dismantling mechanism is used for quick installation, the image information of the acquisition system is collected clearly in the using process, the accuracy of data analysis is improved, the quick dismantling and installation during blasting and guniting are ensured, and the working progress is not influenced.
2. According to the invention, through arranging the multi-view camera module, multi-mode shooting of color and infrared is realized, images of the face under different illumination conditions are collected, and the environmental adaptability of the equipment is improved; the method can be used for collecting and analyzing information such as space-time deformation information of a tunnel surrounding rock structure, geological sketch of a face, shotcrete construction information, point clouds of the face and a rear excavation face and the like. In the aspect of space-time deformation information acquisition, images of measuring points, measuring lines or measuring surfaces can be continuously acquired, structural deformation information is analyzed and correlated with time, and overall process information of surrounding rock structural deformation in the construction process is formed.
3. According to the invention, by arranging the information analysis processing module and the wireless AP module, according to the acquired high-definition face image, the rock hardness, the integrity and the face water outlet condition can be automatically analyzed, the stability of the face is automatically classified, the geological sketch big data of the face is established, the stability of the face can be predicted, and a feasible reinforcement engineering scheme is provided.
4. The method can record the construction process of the anchor spraying at the same time by means of the multi-element information integrated acquisition system of the tunnel face, and performs construction evaluation by combining grid structure light calculation sparse point cloud data. By networking in a wireless or wired mode in the tunnel, the multi-element data are fused, redundant information is removed and uploaded and managed, so that an effective construction period tunnel multi-element information comprehensive management system can be formed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following brief description will be given to the drawings which are required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and that the above and other aspects of the present invention will be described by way of example only to those skilled in the art without the exercise of inventive effort, wherein:
FIG. 1 is an overall schematic of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an overall schematic diagram of another view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of area A of FIG. 1 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a quick release mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of a mating block of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the bumper of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the fixing rod of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the knob of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of area B of FIG. 1 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a flow chart of a method of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of an information processing flow of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a mounting plate; 2. a housing; 21. an antenna; 3. an information analysis processing module; 4. a wireless AP module; 5. a gas measurement module; 51. a gas detector; 52. an LED numerical value lamp; 6. a power supply module; 7. a binocular camera module; 71. a laser light source; 72. an infrared light supplementing lamp; 73. observing the camera; 74. monitoring a camera; 75. an image analysis unit; 8. a quick release mechanism; 81. a fixing plate; 82. a mounting base; 821. an arc-shaped groove; 822. a rotation pin; 83. matching plates; 831. a safety hole; 832. a magnetic ball; 84. a bumper; 841. a control block; 842. an arc-shaped concave portion; 843. a safety groove; 85. a fixed rod; 851. a rotating block; 852. a rotation hole; 853. a mating recess; 854. a locking hole; 855. a spiral groove; 86. a knob; 861. spiral bulges; 862. a poking block; 863. an anti-slip groove.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the above technical solutions, the following detailed description will refer to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 12, aiming at the problems that parameters and information to be monitored or measured are various, field devices are mutually independent, wiring is complex, communication protocols are mutually independent and the like in the tunnel construction process in the current construction period, the tunnel face multi-element information integrated acquisition system and the application method thereof are provided.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the system for collecting multiple information of a tunnel face integrally comprises a mounting plate 1, a housing 2, an information analysis processing module 3, a wireless AP module 4, a gas measurement module 5, a power supply module 6, a binocular camera module 7 and a quick dismantling mechanism 8; the antenna 21 is fixedly arranged on the upper end face of the shell 2, the mounting plate 1 is fixedly arranged on one side of the shell 2, the mounting plate 1 can be fixedly arranged on the primary support side wall of a tunnel by using bolts, after the equipment collects and analyzes the multi-element information of the face in the area, the mounting plate 1 can be used for mounting equipment related to subsequent work, the information analysis processing module 3 is fixedly arranged on the inner end face of the lower wall of the shell 2, the wireless AP module 4 is fixedly arranged on one side of the information analysis processing module 3, the wireless AP module 4 adopts wired or wireless communication for receiving the data collected by the face information collection terminal and carrying out data, analysis and uploading, the gas measurement module 5 is fixedly arranged on one side close to the wireless AP module 4, the lower end face of the power supply module 6 is arranged on the inner surface of the lower end of the shell 2 in a stipulated manner, the power supply module 6 can adopt a storage battery, the storage battery can be used for supplying power, the cycle life of the lithium battery is long, the working temperature range is wide, the normal work can be carried out between-20 ℃ and 60 ℃, the charging speed is high, the energy density is high, and the space can be saved; the external power supply can be connected to supply power, and the external power supply voltage is 220V; the binocular camera module 7 is fixedly installed on the front side and the side of the housing 2, the quick release mechanism 8 is fixedly installed on two sides of the mounting plate 1, the quick release mechanism 8 is installed in an auxiliary positioning manner through the characteristic of opposite magnetic pole attraction, further, the rotary knob 86 is applied to the mutual pressure between the mounting seat 82 and the matching plate 83, and the rotary displacement of the fixing rod 85 is limited by the safety rod 84.
As shown in fig. 5, the quick release mechanism 8 further includes a fixing plate 81; the fixing plate 81 is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the mounting plate 1, far away from the primary support side wall behind the tunnel face, the mounting seat 82 is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the shell 2, the matching plate 83 is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the mounting seat 82, the safety rod 84 is rotatably arranged in the matching plate 83, the fixing rod 85 is rotatably arranged in the mounting seat 82, the height value of the fixing rod 85 is 1.25 times of the height value of the matching plate 83, and when the setting value is smaller than 1.2 times, the number of turns of rotation of the knob 86 is less, so that a better fixing effect cannot be realized; when the length of the fixed rod 85 is more than 1.3 times, the fixed rod is long, and the fixed rod is easy to be damaged due to false touch in the carrying and transporting processes; the upper end face of the mounting seat 82 is used as a reference surface, the rotation angle of the fixing rod 85 is 0-90 degrees, the fixing rod 85 can realize the conversion of two working states of mounting and dismounting when rotating in the angle, and the knob 86 is rotatably mounted at the upper end of the fixing rod 85.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the quick release mechanism 8 is positioned and mounted in an auxiliary manner by the characteristic of opposite magnetic poles, so that the rotary knob 86 applies mutual pressure between the mounting seat 82 and the matching plate 83, and the safety rod 84 is used for limiting the rotary displacement of the fixing rod 85; the mounting seat 82 is concave, the upper end face of the concave part of the mounting seat 82 is provided with arc grooves 821 along the two ends of the central axis, the radius value of the arc grooves 821 is the same as that of the fixing rod 85, so that the contact of the fixing rod 85 between the arc grooves 821 is converted into surface-to-surface contact, the friction force is reduced, and the service life is prolonged; a rotation pin 822 is fixedly installed at the inner sides of the two arc grooves 821. The cross section of the matching plate 83 is I-shaped, two safety holes 831 are formed in the side surface of the matching plate 83 far away from the shell 2, and the depth value of each safety hole 831 is 0.8 times of the width value of the matching plate 83, so that one end of the safety rod 84 is prevented from being exposed; 3 magnetic balls 832 are fixedly arranged in the concave part of the matching plate 83, and the positioning effect of arranging one magnetic ball 832 is poor and the magnetic force is insufficient; more than 5 magnetic balls 832 are better positioned, but the magnetic force is too great to be easily removed.
As shown in fig. 8, 9 and 10, a rotating block 851 is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the fixed rod 85, a rotating hole 852 is formed at the intersection point of two diagonal lines of the rotating block 851, a matching concave 853 is formed on one surface of the fixed rod 85, which is close to the magnetic ball 832, and the material of the fixed rod 85 in the range of the matching concave 853 is a magnetic material, so that the fixed rod is matched with the magnetic ball 832, and the magnetic force is used for assisting in positioning and installation in the installation process; the side of the fixed rod 85 is provided with a locking hole 854, the cross section of the locking hole 854 is in a reflex angle sector shape, the reflex angle sector shape plays a limiting role, a user needs to rotate the safety rod 84 so that the safety rod 84 passes through the locking hole 854 to play a role in safety limiting in the horizontal direction, the upper part of the fixed rod 85 is provided with a spiral groove 855, the length value of the spiral groove 855 is 2.5cm, the length is less than 2cm, the rotation number is insufficient, and the fixing effect between the knob 86 and the fixed rod 85 cannot be provided; the length is set to be more than 3cm, and redundant parts cannot be used in the process of matching installation, so that waste is caused. One end of the safety lever 84 is fixedly provided with a control block 841, two sides of a central shaft of the control block 841 are provided with arc-shaped concave parts 842, 2/3 parts of the safety lever 84 far away from the control block 841 are provided with safety grooves 843, so that the area contacted with the locking hole 854 is provided with the safety grooves 843, the safety grooves 843 are fan-shaped, the fan-shaped angle is 60 degrees, the mechanical strength of the safety grooves 843 smaller than 30 degrees is insufficient, the safety grooves 843 are easy to damage, the locking effect of the safety grooves 843 larger than 120 degrees is poor, and the safety grooves 843 possibly deviate. The knob 86 is hollow and cylindrical, a spiral protrusion 861 is arranged on the inner surface of the knob 86, two poking blocks 862 are fixedly arranged on two sides of the knob 86, and the poking blocks 862 are trapezoid in horizontal section; the two side surfaces of the poking block 862 are provided with anti-slip grooves 863 in a linear array, and the directions of the anti-slip grooves 863 on two sides of the same fluctuation block are different by 90 degrees, so that the anti-slip effect of a user in the use process is enhanced.
In the working process, an operator places the shell 2 on the mounting plate 1, aligns the positions of the matching plate 83 and the mounting seat 82, holds the fixing rod 85 to rotate upwards, positions and calibrates under the suction force of the magnetic ball 832, and rotates the stirring block 862 for a plurality of circles to ensure the stability of the end; repeating the above steps to fix the fixing rod 85 at the other end in the groove of the matching plate 83, rotating the poking block 862 until the stirring block 862 at the other end can not rotate, continuing to rotate until the poking block 862 at the other end can not rotate, pinching the control block 841 by the thumb and the index finger of an operator until the control block is aligned with the locking hole 854, and pushing the safety rod 84 inwards to complete the fixing process.
As shown in fig. 1 and 11, the binocular camera module 7 uses a high-definition multi-view multi-mode observation camera, and can perform multi-element information acquisition and analysis such as tunnel three-dimensional space deformation observation, tunnel face geological sketch automatic generation, anchor spraying construction process acquisition and analysis, tunnel face and section point cloud scanning and the like; the binocular camera module 7 includes a laser light source 71, an infrared light supplement lamp 72, an observation camera 73, a monitoring camera 74, and an image analysis unit 75; the laser light source 71 is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the shell 2, and the laser light source 71 is one or a combination of a plurality of point light sources, linear light sources and surface light sources; each binocular camera module 7 is provided with 2 laser light sources 71, wherein the number of the laser light sources 71 is 2 on the front and the side, and each side is provided with visible laser light and invisible laser light; the side surface of the laser light source 71 irradiates the front of the tunnel at a right angle and irradiates the front of the tunnel at an inclined angle so as to ensure that the whole area in front of the tunnel can be covered; the laser light source 71 emits grid structure light, grid structure light forms grid detection lines on the tunnel vault and the side walls, and the infrared light supplementing lamp 72 is fixedly arranged on the side face and the front face of the shell 2, so that equipment is ensured to collect all tunnel side wall images of the front face and the side face; the observation camera 73 and the monitoring camera 74 are fixedly arranged on two sides of the laser light source 71, the observation camera 73 supports color and infrared multi-mode shooting, the monitoring camera 74 collects anchor rod construction video images, the collected images cover the anchor rod construction range of the primary support near the face, and the image analysis unit 75 is fixedly arranged on the inner surface of the shell 2.
As shown in fig. 4, the integrated collecting system for multi-information on tunnel face should have the functions of measuring temperature and gas concentration in the tunnel, and display the result by the LED numerical lamp 52 to prompt the staff whether the gas content in the tunnel exceeds the standard; the gas measurement module 5 comprises a gas detector 51 and an LED numerical lamp 52, the gas detector 51 is fixedly arranged on one side of the binocular camera module 7, the gas which can be connected with the gas detector 51 for measurement comprises gas, H2S, CO, SO2, CO2, NO2, NH3, H2 and O2, and the LED numerical lamp 52 is fixedly arranged on the upper side of the infrared light supplementing lamp 72.
As shown in fig. 12, the usage method of the tunnel face multi-information integrated acquisition system includes the following steps:
s1: arranging a mounting plate 1 on the side wall of a primary support tunnel near the tunnel face, wherein the arrangement positions comprise primary support, inverted arch, two liners and the like, fixedly mounting a shell 2 on the mounting plate 1 through a quick release mechanism 8, and opening a laser light source 71;
s2: the laser light source is one or a combination of a plurality of point light sources, linear light sources and surface light sources, the laser light source forms grid detection lines on the vault and the side wall of the tunnel, grid structure light forms grid detection lines on the vault and the side wall of the tunnel, so that full-coverage grid light is formed in an unstable area of the tunnel structure in the construction period, and the auxiliary observation camera 73 and the monitoring camera 74 start to work;
s3: when the illumination condition is poor, the infrared light supplementing lamp 72 is turned on, the observation camera 73 performs color and infrared multi-mode shooting, the shooting picture covers the whole area of the tunnel face, and the tunnel face and the surrounding area of the tunnel face which do not do primary support position are mainly shot;
s4: the monitoring camera 74 can shoot key work areas such as grid light, an inverted arch construction area, a secondary lining construction area and the like, so that a monitoring effect is achieved, and shooting pictures of the monitoring camera 73 and the monitoring camera 74 are transmitted to the information analysis processing module 3 through the wireless AP module 4;
s5: the information analysis processing module 3 is responsible for analyzing the quality of the structural light image, and comparing and analyzing the structural light image which is acquired subsequently with the first frame image by taking the first frame image which is basically free of shielding and high in definition as a reference to obtain a structural deformation measurement result;
s6: the information analysis processing module 3 fuses, uploads and manages the collected and analyzed information through the wireless AP module 4 by means of the existing communication network (optical fiber or wireless 4G/5G) in the tunnel.
As shown in fig. 13, the equipment layout scheme and the data acquisition and analysis process of the tunnel face multivariate information integrated acquisition system are as follows:
arranging a tunnel face multi-information integrated acquisition system on the side wall of the primary support tunnel near the face, wherein a multi-camera shooting picture of an acquisition terminal covers the overall face, and can shoot tunnel circumferential images of the face and the tunnel near the face at the position where the primary support is not arranged; arranging an information acquisition terminal on the side wall of the tunnel, wherein the arrangement positions comprise primary support positions, inverted arches, secondary lining positions and the like, and grid structure light of the arranged information acquisition terminal can form full-coverage grid light in an unstable tunnel structure area in a construction period; and arranging an information analysis processing module 3 at the positions of the second lining and the inverted arch, wherein the information analysis processing module 3 observes key working areas such as grid light rays, inverted arch construction areas, second lining construction areas and the like which can be shot by a camera.
And (3) tunnel structure deformation acquisition and analysis: the information acquisition terminal starts grid structure light at fixed time, and the multi-camera captures a structure light image and transmits the structure light image to the information analysis processing module 3 for structure deformation analysis; the information analysis processing module 3 screens the structural deformation measurement standard, analyzes the quality of the structural light image, takes the first frame image which is basically free of shielding and high in definition as the standard, and performs comparison analysis on the structural light image which is acquired subsequently and the first frame image to obtain the structural deformation measurement result.
The tunnel face geological sketch is collected and analyzed according to the following flow: the information analysis processing module 3 acquires information detection camera pictures in real time, analyzes the working face construction process, starts working face image snapshot after each cycle of blasting is identified, and acquires working face images without shielding of large machinery and trolleys.
The information analysis processing module 3 analyzes the face image, adopts an image definition identification module to judge the definition of the face image, and further identifies the image meeting the definition requirement (face crack, water outlet state and rock stability) to obtain a face stability analysis result; and when the measuring camera judges that the tunnel face is not shielded, the grid structure light is started, grid point cloud scanning is carried out on the tunnel face, and crack of the tunnel face, three-dimensional size and morphological analysis of the tunnel face are assisted.
And (3) anchor rod construction collection and analysis: the information analysis processing module 3 acquires an information detection camera picture in real time, analyzes the working face construction process, and starts the anchor rod construction acquisition analysis when identifying the entry of the rock drilling trolley and related constructors; the information analysis processing module 3 analyzes the anchor rod construction video, and a camera with a proper angle is called from the information acquisition terminal to acquire the anchor rod construction video at a corresponding position; starting an anchor rod operation frame detection module for identification, starting grid structure light when the anchor rod operation frame is monitored, assisting anchor rod position calculation and identification, and recording a short video of each anchor rod construction; and (5) after the anchor rod construction is finished, recording the information of the number, the position and the time of the anchor rod construction, and uploading the information to the tunnel portal server.
And (3) collecting and analyzing the thickness and flatness of the primary-spraying concrete: the information analysis processing module 3 acquires an information detection camera picture in real time, analyzes the construction process of the tunnel face, and starts grid structure light when the side wall and the vault of the primary support are not arranged nearby the tunnel face and large-scale mechanical shielding is avoided, and performs point cloud scanning on the side wall and the vault of the tunnel which are just dug and are not arranged; the information analysis processing module 3 acquires an information detection camera picture in real time, analyzes the primary spraying construction process, starts grid structure light after primary spraying concrete, and performs grid point cloud scanning again on the primary support of the tunnel; performing contrast analysis calculation on point clouds before and after primary spraying, analyzing the thickness of the primary sprayed concrete, performing flatness analysis on primary branches after spraying and mixing, and outputting thickness and flatness information to an opening server;
and (3) collecting and analyzing the thickness and flatness of the secondary lining concrete: the information analysis processing module 3 acquires an information detection camera picture installed at the position of the secondary lining trolley in real time, analyzes the secondary lining manufacturing process, starts grid structure light before the secondary lining manufacturing process, and acquires a grid structure light image; the information detection camera collects primary support position pictures in real time, grid structure light is started after secondary lining is applied, and grid structure light images are collected; and (3) carrying out contrast analysis calculation on the point clouds before and after the second lining is applied, analyzing the thickness of the concrete, carrying out flatness analysis on the surface of the concrete after the second lining is applied, and outputting thickness and flatness information to the tunnel portal server.
In the working process, a tunnel face multi-element information integrated acquisition system is arranged on the side wall of a primary support tunnel near a face, an operator places a shell 2 on a mounting plate 1, aligns the positions of a matching plate 83 and a mounting seat 82, holds a fixing rod 85 to rotate upwards, positions and calibrates under the suction force of a magnetic ball 832, and rotates a stirring block 862 for a plurality of circles to ensure that the end is stable; repeating the above steps to fix the fixing rod 85 at the other end in the groove of the matching plate 83, rotating the poking block 862 until the poking block 862 at the other end can not rotate, continuing to rotate until the poking block 862 at the other end can not rotate, pinching the control block 841 by the thumb and the index finger of an operator to rotate until the control block is aligned with the locking hole 854, and pushing the safety rod 84 inwards to finish the fixing process; the gas detection module is responsible for detecting the density of gas in the tunnel and displaying the density through the LED numerical value lamp 52, the multi-camera module shoots pictures to cover the overall situation of the tunnel face, can shoot tunnel face and tunnel circumferential images of the tunnel face nearby which are not in primary support positions, transmits the images to the information analysis processing module 3 through the wireless AP module 4, and uploads the images to the tunnel portal server after calculation and analysis.
Each feature disclosed above is not limited to the disclosed combination with other features, and thus, the present disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (5)
1. The integrated acquisition system for the multi-element information of the tunnel face is characterized by comprising a mounting plate (1), a shell (2), an information analysis processing module (3), a wireless AP module (4), a gas measurement module (5), a power supply module (6), a binocular camera module (7) and a quick dismantling mechanism (8); an antenna (21) is fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the shell (2), the mounting plate (1) is fixedly arranged on one side of the shell (2), and the mounting plate (1) is fixedly arranged at the position of the primary support side wall behind the tunnel face; the information analysis processing module (3) is fixedly arranged on the inner end face of the lower wall of the shell (2), the wireless AP module (4) is fixedly arranged on one side of the information analysis processing module (3), the gas measurement module (5) is fixedly arranged on one side close to the wireless AP module (4), the lower end face of the power supply module (6) is fixedly arranged on the inner surface of the lower end of the shell (2), the binocular camera module (7) is fixedly arranged on the side face of the shell (2), the quick release mechanism (8) is fixedly arranged on two sides of the mounting plate (1), the quick release mechanism (8) is arranged in an auxiliary positioning mode through the characteristic of magnetic pole opposite attraction, and then a rotary knob (86) is applied to the mutual pressure between the mounting seat (82) and the matching plate (83), and the rotary displacement of the fixing rod (85) is limited by the bumper (84);
the quick release mechanism (8) also comprises a fixed plate (81); the fixing plate (81) is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the mounting plate (1) far away from the primary supporting side wall behind the face, the mounting seat (82) is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the shell (2), the matching plate (83) is arranged on the side surface of the shell (2), the safety rod (84) is rotatably arranged in the matching plate (83), the fixing rod (85) is rotatably arranged in the mounting seat (82), the upper end surface of the mounting seat (82) is used as a reference surface, the rotation angle range of the fixing rod (85) is 0-90 degrees, and the knob (86) is rotatably arranged at the upper end of the fixing rod (85);
the mounting seat (82) is concave, arc grooves (821) are formed in the upper end face of the concave portion of the mounting seat (82) along the two ends of the central axis, and the radius value of each arc groove (821) is the same as that of the fixing rod (85); a rotating pin (822) is fixedly arranged on the inner sides of the two arc-shaped grooves (821);
the cross section of the matching plate (83) is I-shaped, two safety holes (831) are formed in the side surface of the matching plate (83) far away from the shell (2), and 2-4 magnetic balls (832) are fixedly arranged in the concave part of the matching plate (83);
a rotating block (851) is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the fixed rod (85), a rotating hole (852) is formed in the intersection point of two diagonal lines of the rotating block (851), a matching concave (853) is formed in one surface of the fixed rod (85) close to the magnetic ball (832), a magnetic material is selected as a material of the fixed rod (85) in the range of the matching concave (853), a locking hole (854) is formed in the side surface of the fixed rod (85), the cross section of the locking hole (854) is in a shape of a figure of merit sector, and a spiral groove (855) is formed in the upper part of the fixed rod (85);
one end of the safety lever (84) is fixedly provided with a control block (841), two sides of a central shaft of the control block (841) are provided with arc-shaped concave parts (842), a part of the safety lever (84) far away from the control block (841) is provided with a safety groove (843), the safety groove (843) is in a fan shape, and the angle of the fan shape is 30-120 degrees.
2. The integrated acquisition system for multi-information of tunnel face according to claim 1, wherein: the knob (86) is hollow and cylindrical, a spiral protrusion (861) is arranged on the inner surface of the knob (86), two stirring blocks (862) are fixedly arranged on two sides of the knob (86), and the horizontal section of the stirring blocks (862) is trapezoidal; anti-slip grooves (863) are formed in the two side faces of the poking block (862) in a linear array mode, and the directions of the anti-slip grooves (863) on the two sides of the same poking block are different by 90 degrees.
3. The integrated acquisition system for multi-information of tunnel face according to claim 1, wherein: the binocular camera module (7) comprises a laser light source (71), an infrared light supplementing lamp (72), an observation camera (73), a monitoring camera (74) and an image analysis unit (75); the utility model provides a camera, including shell (2), laser source (71) transmit laser source (71), laser source (71) form the net detection line at tunnel vault and lateral wall, infrared light filling lamp (72) fixed mounting is in the side of shell (2), observe camera (73) with surveillance camera head (74) fixed mounting is in the both sides of laser source (71), observe camera (73) and support colour, infrared multimode shooting, surveillance camera head (74) gather stock construction video image, and the image of gathering covers the near primary branch department stock construction scope of face, image analysis unit (75) fixed mounting is at the internal surface of shell (2).
4. The integrated acquisition system for multi-information of tunnel face according to claim 1, wherein: the gas measurement module (5) comprises a gas detector (51) and an LED numerical lamp (52), the gas detector (51) is fixedly arranged on one side of the binocular camera module (7), and the gas detector (51) can be connected with the measured gas containing gas and H 2 S、CO、SO 2 、CO 2 、NO 2 、NH 3 、H 2 And O 2 The LED numerical lamp (52) is fixedly arranged on the upper side of the infrared light supplementing lamp (72).
5. A method for using a tunnel face multiple information integrated acquisition system, which adopts the tunnel face multiple information integrated acquisition system as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 4, and is characterized in that: the application method of the tunnel face multi-information integrated acquisition system comprises the following steps of:
s1: arranging an installing plate (1) on the side wall of a primary support tunnel near a tunnel face, wherein the arranging position comprises a primary support, an inverted arch and a secondary lining position, fixedly installing a shell (2) on the installing plate (1) through a quick dismantling mechanism (8), and opening a laser light source (71);
s2: the laser light source (71) is one or a combination of a plurality of point light sources, line light sources and surface light sources, the laser light source (71) forms grid detection lines on the vault and the side wall of the tunnel, so that full-coverage grid light is formed in an unstable area of the tunnel structure in the construction period, and the auxiliary observation camera (73) and the monitoring camera (74) start to work;
s3: when the illumination condition is poor, an infrared light supplementing lamp (72) can be turned on, an observation camera (73) performs color and infrared multi-mode shooting, a shooting picture covers the whole area of the tunnel face and mainly shoots tunnel circumferential images of the tunnel face and the vicinity of the tunnel face at the primary support position;
s4: the monitoring camera (74) can shoot grid light, an inverted arch construction area and a secondary lining construction area key work area, so that a monitoring effect is achieved, and shooting pictures of the monitoring camera (73) and the monitoring camera (74) are transmitted to the information analysis processing module (3) through the wireless AP module (4);
s5: the information analysis processing module (3) is responsible for analyzing the quality of the structural light image, and comparing and analyzing the structural light image which is acquired subsequently with the first frame image by taking the first frame image which is basically free of shielding and high in definition as a reference to obtain a structural deformation measurement result;
s6: the information analysis processing module (3) fuses, uploads and manages the collected and analyzed information by means of the existing communication network in the tunnel through the wireless AP module (4).
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