CN117210780B - High-wear-resistance supersonic speed flame-sprayed chromium carbide-based coating and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-wear-resistance supersonic speed flame-sprayed chromium carbide-based coating and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium carbide Chemical compound [Cr]#C[Cr]C#[Cr] UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 229910003470 tongbaite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000010285 flame spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- QIJNJJZPYXGIQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1lambda4,2lambda4-dimolybdacyclopropa-1,2,3-triene Chemical compound [Mo]=C=[Mo] QIJNJJZPYXGIQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910039444 MoC Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- NFFIWVVINABMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidynetantalum Chemical compound [Ta]#C NFFIWVVINABMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
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- RRIWRJBSCGCBID-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RRIWRJBSCGCBID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-wear-resistance supersonic flame-spraying chromium carbide-based coating and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of coating materials. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) diamond particle pretreatment; (2) metallizing the surface of the diamond particles; (3) Mixing the metal-coated diamond particles, nickel powder, chromium powder, molybdenum carbide powder, tantalum carbide powder and chromium carbide powder; (4) atomizing and granulating; (5) powder heat treatment; and (6) performing supersonic flame spraying to obtain the product. The high-wear-resistance supersonic flame spray chromium carbide-based coating prepared by the method can obviously improve the lubrication condition of dry friction of the coating, improve the hardness of the coating, obviously improve the wear resistance and heat conduction capacity of the coating, and improve the thermal shock resistance and the service performance of the coating under the temperature alternating working condition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coating materials, in particular to a high-wear-resistance supersonic flame-spraying chromium carbide-based coating and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Supersonic flame spraying is a novel thermal spraying technology developed on the basis of common flame spraying in the beginning of the 80 th century. The spray powder is fed into high-temperature high-speed flame which is burnt by mixing oxygen (air) with kerosene, propane, acetylene and other fuels in proportion, heated to a molten or semi-molten state and sprayed onto the surface of a substrate at high speed through a compression-expansion nozzle, so that a high-quality coating with high bonding strength, high hardness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and compactness is obtained. The supersonic flame spraying has the advantages of high particle flight speed, high deposition speed, high bonding strength, high density and the like, and the high cooling speed can effectively limit element segregation, inhibit the formation and growth of intermetallic compounds and is beneficial to the formation of solid solutions. Therefore, the supersonic flame spraying is very suitable for preparing the alloy or alloy carbide series metal ceramic wear-resistant coating, and has been rapidly developed and widely applied in recent years.
At present, the main preparation process of the chromium carbide-based hard coating by supersonic flame spraying is to mix chromium carbide, nickel, cobalt, chromium and other component powders in proportion, prepare the mixed powder into suspension slurry, then spray the suspension slurry into powder, sinter the suspension slurry and then spray the suspension slurry by supersonic flame. The traditional chromium carbide-based hard coating has excellent corrosion resistance, but the metal phase content of the chromium carbide-based cermet coating is higher than that of the tungsten carbide matrix coating due to the fact that the wettability of metal in the cermet coating relative to chromium carbide particles is lower than that of the tungsten carbide particles, so that the hardness of the chromium carbide-based coating is lower than that of the tungsten carbide-based hard coating under normal conditions, and the friction performance of the chromium carbide-based hard coating is obviously reduced under the environment of corrosion and abrasion interaction, particularly under the condition of heavy load dry abrasion.
At present, although the hardness of the chromium carbide-based hard coating prepared by a supersonic flame spraying technology is improved to a certain extent by optimizing coating components and processes, due to the limitation of physical parameters of materials, the hardness of the chromium carbide-based coating is expected to be further improved to the hardness of the tungsten carbide-based coating by controlling the morphology and structure of chromium carbide ceramic particles. On the other hand, due to the presence of a large amount of hard ceramic phase in the coating, the friction coefficient of the chromium carbide is higher than that of tungsten carbide, so that the friction coefficient of the chromium carbide-based coating is higher. In addition, the fracture toughness and the heat conduction property of the chromium carbide-based coating are not good, so that the thermal shock resistance of the coating under the working condition of temperature alternation is poor. Therefore, serious scratch and pull injury are caused to the surface of the friction pair in the dry friction process of the chromium carbide-based coating, and particularly in heavy-load, high-temperature, corrosion and friction environments, the damage to the friction pair is obviously aggravated due to insufficient lubrication conditions of friction interfaces and thermal shock resistance of the coating. In the prior art, the abrasion resistance of a workpiece is improved to a certain extent by spraying a chromium carbide-based coating on the surface of the workpiece through a supersonic flame, but the problem of insufficient abrasion resistance of the coating caused by insufficient lubrication conditions of a friction pair interface due to insufficient hardness and high friction coefficient of the coating under the condition of friction and abrasion is still not solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a high-wear-resistance supersonic flame spraying chromium carbide-based coating and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems of insufficient hardness, high friction coefficient and poor wear resistance of the existing chromium carbide-based coating.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a preparation method of a high-wear-resistance supersonic speed flame-sprayed chromium carbide-based coating comprises the following steps:
(1) Pretreatment of diamond particles: pretreating diamond particles by using sodium hydroxide, sodium hexametaphosphate, acetone and molten sodium nitrate to prepare activated diamond particles;
(2) Surface metallization: performing magnetron sputtering on the diamond particles subjected to the activation treatment in the step (1) to obtain metal-coated diamond particles;
(3) Mixing: mixing the metal-coated diamond particles, nickel powder, chromium powder, molybdenum carbide powder, tantalum carbide powder and chromium carbide powder prepared in the step (2), and performing ball milling to obtain mixed powder;
(4) Atomizing and granulating: preparing PVA aqueous solution, mixing the PVA aqueous solution with the mixed powder prepared in the step (3), performing ball milling to prepare stable slurry suspension, and performing atomization granulation to prepare spherical powder;
(5) Heat treatment of powder: drying the spherical powder prepared in the step (4), then heating, sintering and screening to prepare coating powder;
(6) Spraying: and (3) degreasing and cleaning the surface of the substrate, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment in sodium hydroxide solution and acetone, drying, sand blasting, and then spraying the coating powder prepared in the step (5) by using a supersonic flame spraying technology.
Further, the pretreatment in the step (1) comprises the following steps:
(a) Firstly, carrying out ultrasonic treatment on diamond particles in a mixed aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide and sodium hexametaphosphate, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment in acetone, cleaning, and finally carrying out high-temperature treatment and cleaning again;
(b) Mixing the diamond particles treated in the step (a) with molten sodium nitrate for reaction, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment in a sodium hexametaphosphate aqueous solution, and cleaning;
(c) Stirring and cleaning the diamond particles treated in the step (b) in a mixed aqueous solution of ammonium chloride, sodium hydroxide and sodium hexametaphosphate, and finally heating in vacuum to obtain the activated diamond particles.
Further, the mass fraction of sodium hydroxide in the mixed aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide and sodium hexametaphosphate is 10-15%, and the mass fraction of sodium hexametaphosphate is 10-20%; the mass fraction of sodium hexametaphosphate in the sodium hexametaphosphate aqueous solution is 10-20%; the mass fraction of ammonium chloride in the mixed aqueous solution of ammonium chloride, sodium hydroxide and sodium hexametaphosphate is 5-15%, the mass fraction of sodium hydroxide is 5-10%, and the mass fraction of sodium hexametaphosphate is 10-20%.
Further, the time of ultrasonic treatment in the mixed aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide and sodium hexametaphosphate is 20-30 min, the time of ultrasonic treatment in acetone is 10-20 min, and the time of ultrasonic treatment in the aqueous solution of sodium hexametaphosphate is 20-40 min; the high temperature treatment is carried out at 600-800 ℃ for 10-15 min; the mixing reaction time is 20-30 min; stirring for 5-20 min; the vacuum heating temperature is 70-90 ℃, the time is 30-60 min, and the vacuum degree is less than 0.1 Pa; the cleaning comprises the step of cleaning with deionized water to be neutral.
Further, the conditions of the magnetron sputtering in the step (2) include: the vacuum degree is less than 0.1 and Pa, the temperature is 200-300 ℃, the inert gas is introduced for 30-70 sccm, the sputtering power of the nickel target is 300-800W, the sputtering power of the chromium target is 200-400W, the negative bias is 80-150V, and the deposition time is 10-30 min.
Further, in the step (3), the mass percentages of the raw materials are as follows: 0.1-5% of metal coated diamond particles, 5-30% of nickel powder, 2-10% of chromium powder, 0.1-5% of tantalum carbide powder, 0.1-5% of molybdenum carbide powder and the balance of chromium carbide powder.
Further, the nickel powder has a particle size of 1.0-2.5 μm, the chromium powder has a particle size of 1-2.5 μm, the tantalum carbide powder has a particle size of 1-2.5 μm, the molybdenum carbide powder has a particle size of 1-2.5 μm, and the chromium carbide powder has a particle size of 1-2.5 μm.
Further, the ball milling conditions in the step (3) are as follows: the ball-to-material ratio is (5-10): 1, the rotating speed is 200-350 r/min, and the time is 5-10 h.
Further, the mass ratio of deionized water to PVA in the PVA solution in the step (4) is (30-50): 1, a step of; the mass ratio of PVA solution to mixed powder is (3-5): 1.
further, the ball milling condition in the step (4) is that the ball-to-material ratio is (5-10): 1, the rotating speed is 100-150 r/min, and the time is 12-24 h.
Further, the conditions for the atomization granulation in the step (4) are as follows: the inlet temperature is 200-380 ℃, the outlet temperature is 100-200 ℃, the feeding speed is 30-50 r/min, the rotating speed of the atomizing disk is 12000-18000 r/min, the pressure is 0.5-1.5 MPa, and the drying atmosphere is nitrogen.
Further, the temperature of the drying in the step (5) is 80-100 ℃, the time is 12-24 h, and the vacuum degree is less than 0.5 Pa.
Further, the conditions of the temperature-rising sintering in the step (5) are as follows: firstly, raising the temperature to 100-150 ℃ at the heating rate of 2-5 ℃/min, preserving heat to 1-2 h, keeping the vacuum degree smaller than 0.5 Pa, raising the temperature to 350-550 ℃ at the heating rate of 2-5 ℃/min, preserving heat to 2-5 h, keeping the vacuum degree smaller than 0.1 Pa, and finally raising the temperature to 1200-1320 ℃ at the heating rate of 2-5 ℃/min, preserving heat to 0.5-1.5 h, and keeping the vacuum degree smaller than 0.01 Pa.
Further, in the step (6), the mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 8-15%, the ultrasonic treatment time in the sodium hydroxide solution is 20-30 min, and the ultrasonic treatment time in the acetone is 10-20 min.
Further, the conditions of the blasting treatment in the step (6) include: white jade steel sand with 24-48 meshes, sand blasting pressure of 0.4-0.8 MPa and sand blasting distance of 100-200 mm is adopted.
Further, the conditions of the supersonic flame spraying technique in step (6) include: the preheating temperature of the matrix is 80-120 ℃, the combustion improver comprises air or oxygen, the pressure of the combustion improver is 0.3-0.8 MPa, the flow rate of the combustion improver is 700-1000 SL/min, the fuel comprises propane or kerosene, the pressure of the fuel is 0.35-0.75 MPa, the flow rate of the fuel is 10-15 SL/h, the combustion pressure of the combustion chamber is 0.8-1.2 MPa, the powder feeding rate is 60-100 g/min, the moving speed of the spray gun is 400-900 mm/min, the spraying distance is 200-500 mm, the cooling medium comprises compressed air, and the flow rate of the cooling medium is 3-5 SL/min.
The high-wear-resistance supersonic speed flame-sprayed chromium carbide-based coating is prepared by the preparation method.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention coats metallic nickel and chromium on the surface of diamond particles by magnetron sputtering to prepare core/shell particles of diamond uniformly coated by nickel and chromium, the coating shell layers of nickel and chromium have good binding force with the diamond particle core, and the coating layer has uniform thickness and controllable thickness and composition (nickel/chromium mass ratio). The method has the advantages that the surface of the diamond particles is metallized in a magnetron sputtering mode, the generation of impurities and harmful components introduced into a metal coating in the modes of chemical plating, electroplating and the like can be effectively avoided, and the phenomenon of uneven surface metal layers caused by sedimentation and aggregation of nano diamond particles in electroplating or chemical plating liquid media can be avoided. Due to the existence of the metal nickel and chromium coating layers, the wettability of metal bonding relative to diamond particles in the powder sintering and spraying processes is obviously improved, and the metal coating layers are completely fused with the metal bonding phases, so that the compactness of the coating is not reduced due to the introduction of the diamond particles. The core/shell particles of the metal coated diamond are uniformly mixed with chromium carbide, nickel, chromium, molybdenum carbide and tantalum carbide powder, and spherical powder with uniform components, high sphericity and uniform particle size distribution is prepared through an atomization powder process. The mixed powder takes nickel and chromium as metal bonding phases to form solid solution so as to improve the hardness and strength of the coating, and the nickel and chromium as metal bonding phases can further improve the wettability to chromium carbide particles, improve the strength of the coating and further improve the corrosion resistance of the coating. The addition of the molybdenum carbide powder in the coating can improve the toughness of the coating, improve the binding force and improve the lubrication condition of the coating in a high-temperature oxidation friction environment, thereby improving the wear resistance of the coating. The addition of tantalum carbide powder in the coating can improve the high-temperature strength of the coating, so that the coating still maintains higher coating strength in the application working condition of more than 600 ℃ and the high-temperature wear performance of the coating is obviously improved.
The invention introduces and evenly distributes the metal coated diamond particles in the chromium carbide based supersonic flame spraying coating, reduces the friction coefficient of the spraying coating material to steel from 0.65 to 0.70 to 0.32 to 0.4 under the condition of not reducing compactness and binding force, improves the hardness of the coating from 950 Hv to over 1200 Hv, and increases the wear rate from 4.5 multiplied by 10 -6 mm 3 Reduced/m to 4.3X10 -8 mm 3 And/m, the heat conductivity is 15-30W/mK and is improved to 75-100W/mK. Therefore, the introduction of the nano-scale diamond particle phase obviously improves the lubrication condition of the dry friction of the coating, improves the hardness of the coating, obviously improves the wear resistance of the coating, and can improve the heat conduction capacity of the coating and the thermal shock resistance and the service performance of the coating under the temperature alternating working condition. The hardness of the coating prepared by the method is higher than 1200 and Hv, the porosity is lower than 0.8%, the bonding strength is higher than 80 MPa, and the friction coefficient is lower than 0.4.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a process for preparing a high abrasion resistance supersonic flame sprayed chromium carbide based coating.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the drawings, the examples are illustrated for the purpose of illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. The specific conditions are not noted in the examples and are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or apparatus used were conventional products commercially available without the manufacturer's attention.
Example 1:
a preparation method of a high-wear-resistance supersonic spray coating (a flow chart is shown in figure 1) comprises the following steps:
(1) Pretreatment of diamond particles
The method comprises the steps of (1) carrying out ultrasonic treatment on diamond particles with the particle size ranging from 200 to 250 and nm in a mixed solution of 10% of sodium hydroxide and 20% of sodium hexametaphosphate for 30 min, carrying out ultrasonic treatment in acetone for 10 min, and then washing with deionized water to be neutral; putting diamond particles into 700 ℃ air for 10 min, washing with deionized water to be neutral, mixing with molten sodium nitrate for reaction for 20 min, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment with sodium hexametaphosphate solution with the mass fraction of 20% for 30 min, and washing with deionized water to be neutral; stirring diamond particles in a mixed solution containing 10% of ammonium chloride, 5% of sodium hydroxide and 20% of sodium hexametaphosphate by mass fraction for 10 min, and then washing with deionized water to be neutral; and (3) placing the diamond particles in a vacuum drying oven, heating to 80 ℃ under vacuum condition, preserving heat for 30 min, and keeping the vacuum degree smaller than 0.1 Pa.
(2) Surface metallization
Performing magnetron sputtering on the activated diamond particles to obtain nickel and chromium metals, wherein the magnetron sputtering conditions are as follows: sputtering vacuum degree is less than 0.1 Pa, temperature is 200 ℃, argon is introduced at 70 sccm, sputtering power of a nickel target is 500W, sputtering power of a chromium target is 200W, negative bias voltage of a matrix is kept at 120V, deposition time is 20 min, nickel and chromium metal layers are deposited on the surfaces of diamond particles, and thickness of the metal layers is controlled at 50-80 nm, so that the metal-coated diamond particles are obtained.
(3) Mixing material
Mixing 2% of the metal-coated diamond particles prepared in the step (2), 25% of nickel powder (particle size of 2 mu m), 3% of chromium powder (particle size of 2 mu m), 3% of molybdenum carbide powder (particle size of 2 mu m), 2% of tantalum carbide powder (particle size of 2 mu m) and 65% of chromium carbide powder (particle size of 2 mu m), and carrying out ball milling and mixing on the mixture by adopting a planetary ball mill, wherein the mass ratio of the ball materials is 8:1, the rotating speed is 200r/min, and the ball milling time is 6 h.
(4) Atomization granulation
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) powder and deionized water are mixed according to a mass ratio of 1:8, heating to 85 ℃ by adopting water bath, and stirring for 12 h to prepare concentrated glue; adding deionized water into the prepared concentrated glue to further dilute PVA, wherein the mass ratio of PVA to deionized water is 1:50, ensuring that PVA is completely dissolved in water; mixing powder and PVA solution according to a mass ratio of 1:5, mixing, adding into a planetary ball milling tank, and controlling the mass ratio of the ball materials to be 5:1, after ball milling time is 24 and h, the rotating speed is 120 r/min, the slurry is uniformly mixed to reach a stable state, and a stable material suspension is prepared; spray granulating with spray drier, controlling inlet speed to be 350 deg.C, outlet temperature to be 150 deg.C, feeding speed to be 30 r/min, rotating speed of atomizing disk to be 15000 r/min, drying atmosphere to be nitrogen and pressure to be 1.5 MPa to obtain spherical powder.
(5) Powder heat treatment
Drying the spherical powder in a vacuum drying oven at a temperature of 100 ℃ and a vacuum degree of 0.5 Pa for 12 h, and discharging excessive water; loosely sintering the powder dried by the vacuum drying oven in a vacuum sintering furnace, heating to 150 ℃ at 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 1 h, and removing adsorbed gas and moisture at a vacuum degree of 0.5 Pa; further heating to 550 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 3 h and vacuum degree of 0.1 Pa so as to ensure that the forming agent PVA is completely removed; heating to the set sintering temperature of 1300 ℃ at 5 ℃/min, preserving heat, sintering for 1.5 h, cooling along with a furnace, and keeping the vacuum degree of 0.01 Pa; then vibration screening is carried out by utilizing a screen mesh to obtain mixed powder with the particle size of 20-55 mu m.
(6) Spraying
Firstly, carrying out oil removal and cleaning treatment on the surface of a spraying substrate (316 austenitic stainless steel), carrying out ultrasonic treatment on a substrate material in a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 8% for 30 min, carrying out ultrasonic cleaning in acetone for 10 min, and drying; carrying out sand blasting treatment on the surface of the spraying substrate, wherein white corundum sand with the particle size of 24-48 meshes, the sand blasting pressure of 0.6 MPa and the sand blasting distance of 100 mm are adopted, and the surface roughness after treatment is Ra5-10 mu m; then, a supersonic flame spraying technology is adopted to prepare a coating, a spray gun is kept vertical to a sample during spraying, the preheating temperature of a matrix is 80 ℃, the pressure of combustion improver is 0.75 MPa, the flow rate is 950 SL/min, the fuel is propane, the fuel pressure is 0.7 MPa, the fuel flow rate is 12 SL/h, the combustion pressure of a combustion chamber is 0.8 MPa, the powder feeding rate is 80 g/min, the moving speed of the spray gun is 750 mm/min, the spraying distance is 280 mm, the cooling medium is compressed air, and the flow rate is 4 SL/min, so that the high-wear-resistance supersonic spraying coating is prepared.
Example 2:
a preparation method of a high-wear-resistance supersonic spray coating comprises the following steps:
(1) Pretreatment of diamond particles
The method comprises the steps of (1) carrying out ultrasonic treatment on diamond particles with the particle size ranging from 200 to 250 and nm in a mixed solution of 10% of sodium hydroxide and 20% of sodium hexametaphosphate for 30 min, carrying out ultrasonic treatment in acetone for 10 min, and then washing with deionized water to be neutral; putting diamond particles into 700 ℃ air for 10 min, washing with deionized water to be neutral, mixing with molten sodium nitrate for reaction for 20 min, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment with sodium hexametaphosphate solution with the mass fraction of 20% for 30 min, and washing with deionized water to be neutral; stirring diamond particles in a mixed solution containing 10% of ammonium chloride, 5% of sodium hydroxide and 20% of sodium hexametaphosphate by mass fraction for 10 min, and then washing with deionized water to be neutral; and (3) placing the diamond particles in a vacuum drying oven, heating to 80 ℃ under vacuum condition, preserving heat for 30 min, and keeping the vacuum degree smaller than 0.1 Pa.
(2) Surface metallization
Performing magnetron sputtering on the activated diamond particles to obtain nickel and chromium metals, wherein the magnetron sputtering conditions are as follows: sputtering vacuum degree is less than 0.1 Pa, temperature is 200 ℃, argon is introduced at 70 sccm, sputtering power of a nickel target is 500W, sputtering power of a chromium target is 200W, negative bias voltage of a matrix is kept at 120V, deposition time is 20 min, nickel and chromium metal layers are deposited on the surfaces of diamond particles, and thickness of the metal layers is controlled at 50-80 nm, so that the metal-coated diamond particles are obtained.
(3) Mixing material
Mixing 5% of the metal-coated diamond particles prepared in the step (2), 25% of nickel powder (particle size of 2 mu m), 3% of chromium powder (particle size of 2 mu m), 5% of molybdenum carbide powder (particle size of 2 mu m), 3% of tantalum carbide powder (particle size of 2 mu m) and 59% of chromium carbide powder (particle size of 2 mu m), and carrying out ball milling and mixing on the mixture by adopting a planetary ball mill, wherein the mass ratio of the ball materials is 8:1, rotational speed 200 r/min, ball milling time is 6 h.
(4) Atomization granulation
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) powder and deionized water are mixed according to a mass ratio of 1:8, heating to 85 ℃ by adopting water bath, and stirring for 12 h to prepare concentrated glue; adding deionized water into the prepared concentrated glue to further dilute PVA, wherein the mass ratio of PVA to deionized water is 1:50, ensuring that PVA is completely dissolved in water; mixing powder and PVA solution according to a mass ratio of 1:5, mixing, adding into a planetary ball milling tank, and controlling the mass ratio of the ball materials to be 5:1, after ball milling time is 24 and h, the rotating speed is 120 r/min, the slurry is uniformly mixed to reach a stable state, and a stable material suspension is prepared; spray granulating with spray drier, controlling inlet speed to be 350 deg.C, outlet temperature to be 150 deg.C, feeding speed to be 30 r/min, rotating speed of atomizing disk to be 15000 r/min, drying atmosphere to be nitrogen and pressure to be 1.5 MPa to obtain spherical powder.
(5) Powder heat treatment
Drying the spherical powder in a vacuum drying oven at a temperature of 100 ℃ and a vacuum degree of 0.5 Pa for 12 h, and discharging excessive water; loosely sintering the powder dried by the vacuum drying oven in a vacuum sintering furnace, heating to 150 ℃ at 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 1 h, and removing adsorbed gas and moisture at a vacuum degree of 0.5 Pa; further heating to 550 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 3 h and vacuum degree of 0.1 Pa so as to ensure that the forming agent PVA is completely removed; heating to a set sintering temperature of 1320 ℃ at 5 ℃/min, preserving heat, sintering for 1.5 h, cooling with a furnace, and keeping the vacuum degree of 0.01 Pa; then vibration screening is carried out by utilizing a screen mesh to obtain mixed powder with the particle size of 20-55 mu m.
(6) Spraying
Firstly, carrying out oil removal and cleaning treatment on the surface of a spraying substrate (316 austenitic stainless steel), carrying out ultrasonic treatment on a substrate material in a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 8% for 30 min, carrying out ultrasonic cleaning in acetone for 10 min, and drying; carrying out sand blasting treatment on the surface of the spraying substrate, wherein white corundum sand with the particle size of 24-48 meshes, the sand blasting pressure of 0.6 MPa and the sand blasting distance of 100 mm are adopted, and the surface roughness after treatment is Ra5-10 mu m; then, a supersonic flame spraying technology is adopted to prepare a coating, a spray gun is kept vertical to a sample during spraying, the preheating temperature of a matrix is 80 ℃, the pressure of combustion improver is 0.7 MPa, the flow rate is 900 and SL/min, the fuel is propane, the fuel pressure is 0.65 MPa, the fuel flow rate is 11 and SL/h, the combustion pressure of a combustion chamber is 0.8 MPa, the powder feeding rate is 90 and g/min, the moving speed of the spray gun is 800 and mm/min, the spraying distance is 320 and mm, the cooling medium is compressed air, and the flow rate is 4 and SL/min, so that the high-wear-resistance supersonic spraying coating is prepared.
Example 3:
a preparation method of a high-wear-resistance supersonic spray coating comprises the following steps:
(1) Pretreatment of diamond particles
The method comprises the steps of (1) carrying out ultrasonic treatment on diamond particles with the particle size of 500 and nm in a mixed solution of 10% of sodium hydroxide and 10% of sodium hexametaphosphate for 30 min, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment in acetone for 20 min, and then washing with deionized water to be neutral; putting diamond particles into 800 ℃ air for 30 min, washing with deionized water to be neutral, mixing with molten sodium nitrate for reaction for 20 min, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment with sodium hexametaphosphate solution with the mass fraction of 10% for 30 min, and washing with deionized water to be neutral; stirring diamond particles in a mixed solution containing 15% of ammonium chloride, 5% of sodium hydroxide and 10% of sodium hexametaphosphate by mass fraction for 10 min, and then washing with deionized water to be neutral; and (3) placing the diamond particles in a vacuum drying oven, heating to 90 ℃ under vacuum condition, preserving heat for 50 min, and keeping the vacuum degree smaller than 0.1 Pa.
(2) Surface metallization
Performing magnetron sputtering on the activated diamond particles to obtain nickel and chromium metals, wherein the magnetron sputtering conditions are as follows: sputtering vacuum degree is less than 0.1 Pa, temperature is 300 ℃, argon is introduced at 70 sccm, sputtering power of a nickel target is 500W, sputtering power of a chromium target is 300W, negative bias voltage of a matrix is kept at 120V, deposition time is 30 min, nickel and chromium metal layers are deposited on the surfaces of diamond particles, and thickness of the metal layers is controlled at 150-200 nm, so that the metal-coated diamond particles are obtained.
(3) Mixing material
Mixing 3% of the metal-coated diamond particles prepared in the step (2), 25% of nickel powder (particle size of 2 mu m), 3% of chromium powder (particle size of 2 mu m), 3% of molybdenum carbide powder (particle size of 2 mu m), 2% of tantalum carbide powder (particle size of 2 mu m) and 64% of chromium carbide powder (particle size of 2 mu m) by mass fraction, and ball milling and mixing the mixture by adopting a planetary ball mill, wherein the mass ratio of the ball materials is 8:1, rotational speed 200 r/min, ball milling time is 6 h.
(4) Atomization granulation
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) powder and deionized water are mixed according to a mass ratio of 1:8, heating to 85 ℃ by adopting water bath, and stirring for 12 h to prepare concentrated glue; adding deionized water into the prepared concentrated glue to further dilute PVA, wherein the mass ratio of PVA to deionized water is 1:50, ensuring that PVA is completely dissolved in water; mixing powder and PVA solution according to a mass ratio of 1:5, mixing, adding into a planetary ball milling tank, and controlling the mass ratio of the ball materials to be 5:1, after ball milling time is 24 and h, the rotating speed is 120 r/min, the slurry is uniformly mixed to reach a stable state, and a stable material suspension is prepared; spray granulating with spray drier, controlling inlet speed to be 350 deg.C, outlet temperature to be 150 deg.C, feeding speed to be 30 r/min, rotating speed of atomizing disk to be 15000 r/min, drying atmosphere to be nitrogen and pressure to be 1.5 MPa to obtain spherical powder.
(5) Powder heat treatment
Drying the spherical powder in a vacuum drying oven at a temperature of 100 ℃ and a vacuum degree of 0.5 Pa for 12 h, and discharging excessive water; loosely sintering the powder dried by the vacuum drying oven in a vacuum sintering furnace, heating to 150 ℃ at 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 1 h, and removing adsorbed gas and moisture at a vacuum degree of 0.5 Pa; further heating to 550 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 3 h and vacuum degree of 0.1 Pa so as to ensure that the forming agent PVA is completely removed; heating to a set sintering temperature of 1320 ℃ at 5 ℃/min, preserving heat, sintering for 1.5 h, cooling with a furnace, and keeping the vacuum degree of 0.01 Pa; then vibration screening is carried out by utilizing a screen mesh to obtain mixed powder with the particle size of 20-55 mu m.
(6) Spraying
Firstly, carrying out oil removal and cleaning treatment on the surface of a spraying substrate (316 austenitic stainless steel), carrying out ultrasonic treatment on a substrate material in a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 8% for 30 min, carrying out ultrasonic cleaning in acetone for 10 min, and drying; carrying out sand blasting treatment on the surface of the spraying substrate, wherein white corundum sand with the particle size of 24-48 meshes, the sand blasting pressure of 0.6 MPa and the sand blasting distance of 100 mm are adopted, and the surface roughness after treatment is Ra5-10 mu m; then, a supersonic flame spraying technology is adopted to prepare a coating, a spray gun is kept vertical to a sample during spraying, the preheating temperature of a matrix is 80 ℃, the pressure of combustion improver is 0.8 MPa, the flow rate is 1000 SL/min, the fuel is propane, the fuel pressure is 0.75 MPa, the fuel flow rate is 12 SL/h, the combustion pressure of a combustion chamber is 0.8 MPa, the powder feeding rate is 80 g/min, the moving speed of the spray gun is 800 mm/min, the spraying distance is 300 mm, the cooling medium is compressed air, and the flow rate is 4 SL/min, so that the high-wear-resistance supersonic spraying coating is prepared.
Comparative example 1
A preparation method of a high-wear-resistance supersonic spray coating comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing material
Mixing nickel powder (particle size 2 μm), chromium powder (particle size 2 μm), molybdenum carbide powder (particle size 2 μm), tantalum carbide powder (particle size 2 μm) and chromium carbide powder (particle size 2 μm) with a mass fraction of 25%, ball milling and mixing the mixture by adopting a planetary ball mill, wherein the mass ratio of the ball materials is 8:1, rotational speed 200 r/min, ball milling time is 6 h.
(2) Atomization granulation
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) powder and deionized water are mixed according to a mass ratio of 1:8, heating to 85 ℃ by adopting water bath, and stirring for 12 h to prepare concentrated glue; adding deionized water into the prepared concentrated glue to further dilute PVA, wherein the mass ratio of PVA to deionized water is 1:50, ensuring that PVA is completely dissolved in water; mixing powder and PVA solution according to a mass ratio of 1:5, mixing, adding into a planetary ball milling tank, and controlling the mass ratio of the ball materials to be 5:1, after ball milling time is 24 and h, the rotating speed is 120 r/min, the slurry is uniformly mixed to reach a stable state, and a stable material suspension is prepared; spray granulating with spray drier, controlling inlet speed to be 350 deg.C, outlet temperature to be 150 deg.C, feeding speed to be 30 r/min, rotating speed of atomizing disk to be 15000 r/min, drying atmosphere to be nitrogen and pressure to be 1.5 MPa to obtain spherical powder.
(3) Powder heat treatment
Drying the spherical powder in a vacuum drying oven at a temperature of 100 ℃ and a vacuum degree of 0.5 Pa for 12 h, and discharging excessive water; loosely sintering the powder dried by the vacuum drying oven in a vacuum sintering furnace, heating to 150 ℃ at 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 1 h, and removing adsorbed gas and moisture at a vacuum degree of 0.5 Pa; further heating to 550 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 3 h and vacuum degree of 0.1 Pa so as to ensure that the forming agent PVA is completely removed; heating to the set sintering temperature of 1300 ℃ at 5 ℃/min, preserving heat, sintering for 1.5 h, cooling along with a furnace, and keeping the vacuum degree of 0.01 Pa; then vibration screening is carried out by utilizing a screen mesh to obtain mixed powder with the particle size of 20-55 mu m.
(4) Spraying
Firstly, carrying out oil removal and cleaning treatment on the surface of a spraying substrate (316 austenitic stainless steel), carrying out ultrasonic treatment on a substrate material in a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 8% for 30 min, carrying out ultrasonic cleaning in acetone for 10 min, and drying; carrying out sand blasting treatment on the surface of the spraying substrate, wherein white corundum sand with the particle size of 24-48 meshes, the sand blasting pressure of 0.6 MPa and the sand blasting distance of 100 mm are adopted, and the surface roughness after treatment is Ra5-10 mu m; then, a supersonic flame spraying technology is adopted to prepare a coating, a spray gun is kept vertical to a sample during spraying, the preheating temperature of a matrix is 80 ℃, the pressure of combustion improver is 0.75 MPa, the flow rate is 950 SL/min, the fuel is propane, the fuel pressure is 0.7 MPa, the fuel flow rate is 12 SL/h, the combustion pressure of a combustion chamber is 0.8 MPa, the powder feeding rate is 80 g/min, the moving speed of the spray gun is 750 mm/min, the spraying distance is 280 mm, the cooling medium is compressed air, and the flow rate is 4 SL/min, so that the high-wear-resistance supersonic spraying coating is prepared.
Comparative example 2:
a preparation method of a high-wear-resistance supersonic spray coating comprises the following steps:
(1) Pretreatment of diamond particles
The method comprises the steps of (1) carrying out ultrasonic treatment on diamond particles with the particle size ranging from 200 to 250 and nm in a mixed solution of 10% of sodium hydroxide and 20% of sodium hexametaphosphate for 30 min, carrying out ultrasonic treatment in acetone for 10 min, and then washing with deionized water to be neutral; putting diamond particles into 700 ℃ air for 10 min, washing with deionized water to be neutral, mixing with molten sodium nitrate for reaction for 20 min, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment with sodium hexametaphosphate solution with the mass fraction of 20% for 30 min, and washing with deionized water to be neutral; stirring diamond particles in a mixed solution containing 10% of ammonium chloride, 5% of sodium hydroxide and 20% of sodium hexametaphosphate by mass fraction for 10 min, and then washing with deionized water to be neutral; and (3) placing the diamond particles in a vacuum drying oven, heating to 80 ℃ under vacuum condition, preserving heat for 30 min, and keeping the vacuum degree smaller than 0.1 Pa.
(2) Mixing material
Mixing 2% of diamond particles pretreated in the step (1), 25% of nickel powder (particle size of 2 mu m), 3% of chromium powder (particle size of 2 mu m), 3% of molybdenum carbide powder (particle size of 2 mu m), 2% of tantalum carbide powder (particle size of 2 mu m) and 65% of chromium carbide powder (particle size of 2 mu m), and carrying out ball milling and mixing on the mixture by adopting a planetary ball mill, wherein the mass ratio of the ball materials is 8:1, rotational speed 200 r/min, ball milling time is 6 h.
(3) Atomization granulation
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) powder and deionized water are mixed according to a mass ratio of 1:8, heating to 85 ℃ by adopting water bath, and stirring for 12 h to prepare concentrated glue; adding deionized water into the prepared concentrated glue to further dilute PVA, wherein the mass ratio of PVA to deionized water is 1:50, ensuring that PVA is completely dissolved in water; mixing powder and PVA solution according to a mass ratio of 1:5, mixing, adding into a planetary ball milling tank, and controlling the mass ratio of the ball materials to be 5:1, after ball milling time is 24 and h, the rotating speed is 120 r/min, the slurry is uniformly mixed to reach a stable state, and a stable material suspension is prepared; spray granulating with spray drier, controlling inlet speed to be 350 deg.C, outlet temperature to be 150 deg.C, feeding speed to be 30 r/min, rotating speed of atomizing disk to be 15000 r/min, drying atmosphere to be nitrogen and pressure to be 1.5 MPa to obtain spherical powder.
(4) Powder heat treatment
Drying the spherical powder in a vacuum drying oven at a temperature of 100 ℃ and a vacuum degree of 0.5 Pa for 12 h, and discharging excessive water; loosely sintering the powder dried by the vacuum drying oven in a vacuum sintering furnace, heating to 150 ℃ at 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 1 h, and removing adsorbed gas and moisture at a vacuum degree of 0.5 Pa; further heating to 550 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 3 h and vacuum degree of 0.1 Pa so as to ensure that the forming agent PVA is completely removed; heating to the set sintering temperature of 1300 ℃ at 5 ℃/min, preserving heat, sintering for 1.5 h, cooling along with a furnace, and keeping the vacuum degree of 0.01 Pa; then vibration screening is carried out by utilizing a screen mesh to obtain mixed powder with the particle size of 20-55 mu m.
(5) Spraying
Firstly, carrying out oil removal and cleaning treatment on the surface of a spraying substrate (316 austenitic stainless steel), carrying out ultrasonic treatment on a substrate material in a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 8% for 30 min, carrying out ultrasonic cleaning in acetone for 10 min, and drying; carrying out sand blasting treatment on the surface of the spraying substrate, wherein white corundum sand with the particle size of 24-48 meshes, the sand blasting pressure of 0.6 MPa and the sand blasting distance of 100 mm are adopted, and the surface roughness after treatment is Ra5-10 mu m; then, a supersonic flame spraying technology is adopted to prepare a coating, a spray gun is kept vertical to a sample during spraying, the preheating temperature of a matrix is 80 ℃, the pressure of combustion improver is 0.75 MPa, the flow rate is 950 SL/min, the fuel is propane, the fuel pressure is 0.7 MPa, the fuel flow rate is 12 SL/h, the combustion pressure of a combustion chamber is 0.8 MPa, the powder feeding rate is 80 g/min, the moving speed of the spray gun is 750 mm/min, the spraying distance is 280 mm, the cooling medium is compressed air, and the flow rate is 4 SL/min, so that the high-wear-resistance supersonic spraying coating is prepared.
Comparative example 3:
a preparation method of a high-wear-resistance supersonic spray coating comprises the following steps:
(1) Pretreatment of diamond particles
The method comprises the steps of (1) carrying out ultrasonic treatment on diamond particles with the particle size ranging from 200 to 250 and nm in a mixed solution of 10% of sodium hydroxide and 20% of sodium hexametaphosphate for 30 min, carrying out ultrasonic treatment in acetone for 10 min, and then washing with deionized water to be neutral; putting diamond particles into 700 ℃ air for 10 min, washing with deionized water to be neutral, mixing with molten sodium nitrate for reaction for 20 min, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment with sodium hexametaphosphate solution with the mass fraction of 20% for 30 min, and washing with deionized water to be neutral; stirring diamond particles in a mixed solution containing 10% of ammonium chloride, 5% of sodium hydroxide and 20% of sodium hexametaphosphate by mass fraction for 10 min, and then washing with deionized water to be neutral; and (3) placing the diamond particles in a vacuum drying oven, heating to 80 ℃ under vacuum condition, preserving heat for 30 min, and keeping the vacuum degree smaller than 0.1 Pa.
(2) Surface metallization
The diamond particles after the activation treatment are subjected to chemical plating, wherein the chemical plating medium comprises nickel sulfate hexahydrate 25 g/L, sodium hypophosphite 20 g/L, sodium citrate 20 g/L, sodium acetate 25 g/L, lactic acid 25 mL/L, acetic acid 15 mL/L and thiourea 0.08 g/L, the pH value of the solution is 5.0, the temperature is controlled to be 70 ℃, and the plating time is 120 min.
(3) Mixing material
Mixing 2% of the metal-coated diamond particles prepared in the step (2), 25% of nickel powder (particle size of 2 mu m), 3% of chromium powder (particle size of 2 mu m), 3% of molybdenum carbide powder (particle size of 2 mu m), 2% of tantalum carbide powder (particle size of 2 mu m) and 65% of chromium carbide powder (particle size of 2 mu m), and carrying out ball milling and mixing on the mixture by adopting a planetary ball mill, wherein the mass ratio of the ball materials is 8:1, rotational speed 200 r/min, ball milling time is 6 h.
(4) Atomization granulation
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) powder and deionized water are mixed according to a mass ratio of 1:8, heating to 85 ℃ by adopting water bath, and stirring for 12 h to prepare concentrated glue; adding deionized water into the prepared concentrated glue to further dilute PVA, wherein the mass ratio of PVA to deionized water is 1:50, ensuring that PVA is completely dissolved in water; mixing powder and PVA solution according to a mass ratio of 1:5, mixing, adding into a planetary ball milling tank, and controlling the mass ratio of the ball materials to be 5:1, after ball milling time is 24 and h, the rotating speed is 120 r/min, the slurry is uniformly mixed to reach a stable state, and a stable material suspension is prepared; spray granulating with spray drier, controlling inlet speed to be 350 deg.C, outlet temperature to be 150 deg.C, feeding speed to be 30 r/min, rotating speed of atomizing disk to be 15000 r/min, drying atmosphere to be nitrogen and pressure to be 1.5 MPa to obtain spherical powder.
(5) Powder heat treatment
Drying the spherical powder in a vacuum drying oven at a temperature of 100 ℃ and a vacuum degree of 0.5 Pa for 12 h, and discharging excessive water; loosely sintering the powder dried by the vacuum drying oven in a vacuum sintering furnace, heating to 150 ℃ at 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 1 h, and removing adsorbed gas and moisture at a vacuum degree of 0.5 Pa; further heating to 550 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 3 h and vacuum degree of 0.1 Pa so as to ensure that the forming agent PVA is completely removed; heating to the set sintering temperature of 1300 ℃ at 5 ℃/min, preserving heat, sintering for 1.5 h, cooling along with a furnace, and keeping the vacuum degree of 0.01 Pa; then vibration screening is carried out by utilizing a screen mesh to obtain mixed powder with the particle size of 20-55 mu m.
(6) Spraying
Firstly, carrying out oil removal and cleaning treatment on the surface of a spraying substrate (316 austenitic stainless steel), carrying out ultrasonic treatment on a substrate material in a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 8% for 30 min, carrying out ultrasonic cleaning in acetone for 10 min, and drying; carrying out sand blasting treatment on the surface of the spraying substrate, wherein white corundum sand with the particle size of 24-48 meshes, the sand blasting pressure of 0.6 MPa and the sand blasting distance of 100 mm are adopted, and the surface roughness after treatment is Ra5-10 mu m; then, a supersonic flame spraying technology is adopted to prepare a coating, a spray gun is kept vertical to a sample during spraying, the preheating temperature of a matrix is 80 ℃, the pressure of combustion improver is 0.75 MPa, the flow rate is 950 SL/min, the fuel is propane, the fuel pressure is 0.7 MPa, the fuel flow rate is 12 SL/h, the combustion pressure of a combustion chamber is 0.8 MPa, the powder feeding rate is 80 g/min, the moving speed of the spray gun is 750 mm/min, the spraying distance is 280 mm, the cooling medium is compressed air, and the flow rate is 4 SL/min, so that the high-wear-resistance supersonic spraying coating is prepared.
Test example:
the high abrasion resistance supersonic spray coatings prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3 were subjected to performance tests, respectively to test hardness, porosity, bonding strength, thermal conductivity, friction coefficient and wear rate, by the following test methods:
(1) Hardness: the microhardness of the surface of the thermal barrier coating was tested using an HV-1000 Vickers hardness tester. The hardness tester pressure head is a 136-degree diamond rectangular pyramid pressure head, the experimental loading load is 2.94N, and the loading time is 12 s. Each coating sample was taken as 10 valid points, one maximum and one minimum were removed, and the average of the remaining 8 points was taken as the coating microhardness value.
(2) Porosity void: the actual density of the coating material is tested at room temperature by stripping the coating and adopting an Archimedes drainage method, and the porosity calculation formula is as follows:
porosity= [1- (true density/theoretical density) ]x100%.
(3) Bond strength: the bond strength of the sprayed coating samples was tested by the cement tensile method using an Intron5500R electronic universal tester from Instron, with a loading rate of 1 mm/min.
(4) Thermal conductivity: the temperature was 25℃as measured by a German relaxation-resistant LFA457 type laser thermal conductivity meter.
(5) Coefficient of friction and wear rate: the test by an HT1000 type ball-disc friction wear testing machine shows that the quenched high-chromium steel ball with the diameter of 6 mm is used as a counter-grinding piece, the load is 15N, the rotating speed is 1000 rpm, the rotating radius is 1 mm, and the wear time is 30 min.
The performance parameters of the high abrasion supersonic spray coatings produced in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3 are shown in Table 1 below.
TABLE 1 Performance parameters of high abrasion supersonic spray coating
From the performance parameters in Table 1 above, the high abrasion resistance supersonic spray coatings prepared in examples 1-3 have significantly higher hardness, bond strength, thermal conductivity than the comparative examples, and significantly lower porosity, coefficient of friction, and wear rate than the comparative examples. The results show that the method adds diamond particles, performs activation pretreatment on the diamond, and performs metal coating on the diamond particles by adopting a magnetron sputtering method to jointly perform two metals of chromium and nickel, so that the hardness, the porosity, the bonding strength, the friction coefficient, the heat conductivity and the wear rate of the high-wear-resistance supersonic spray coating can be effectively improved.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the high-wear-resistance supersonic flame-sprayed chromium carbide-based coating is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Pretreatment of diamond particles: pretreating diamond particles by using sodium hydroxide, sodium hexametaphosphate, acetone and molten sodium nitrate to prepare activated diamond particles;
(2) Surface metallization: performing magnetron sputtering on the diamond particles subjected to the activation treatment in the step (1) to obtain metal-coated diamond particles;
(3) Mixing: mixing the metal-coated diamond particles, nickel powder, chromium powder, molybdenum carbide powder, tantalum carbide powder and chromium carbide powder prepared in the step (2), and performing ball milling to obtain mixed powder;
(4) Atomizing and granulating: preparing PVA aqueous solution, mixing the PVA aqueous solution with the mixed powder prepared in the step (3), performing ball milling to prepare stable slurry suspension, and performing atomization granulation to prepare spherical powder;
(5) Heat treatment of powder: drying the spherical powder prepared in the step (4), then heating, sintering and screening to prepare coating powder;
(6) Spraying: deoiling and cleaning the surface of a substrate, sequentially carrying out ultrasonic treatment in sodium hydroxide solution and acetone, drying, sand blasting, and then spraying the coating powder prepared in the step (5) by using a supersonic flame spraying technology to prepare the coating powder;
Wherein, the conditions of the magnetron sputtering in the step (2) comprise: the vacuum degree is less than 0.1 and Pa, the temperature is 200-300 ℃, inert gas is introduced for 30-70 sccm, the sputtering power of a nickel target is 300-800W, the sputtering power of a chromium target is 200-400W, the negative bias is 80-150V, and the deposition time is 10-30 min;
the mass percentage of the raw materials in the step (3) is as follows: 0.1-5% of metal coated diamond particles, 5-30% of nickel powder, 2-10% of chromium powder, 0.1-5% of tantalum carbide powder, 0.1-5% of molybdenum carbide powder and the balance of chromium carbide powder.
2. The method for preparing a high abrasion resistant supersonic flame sprayed chromium carbide based coating according to claim 1, wherein the pretreatment in step (1) comprises the steps of:
(a) Firstly, carrying out ultrasonic treatment on diamond particles in a mixed aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide and sodium hexametaphosphate, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment in acetone, cleaning, and finally carrying out high-temperature treatment and cleaning again;
(b) Mixing the diamond particles treated in the step (a) with molten sodium nitrate for reaction, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment in a sodium hexametaphosphate aqueous solution, and cleaning;
(c) Stirring and cleaning the diamond particles treated in the step (b) in a mixed aqueous solution of ammonium chloride, sodium hydroxide and sodium hexametaphosphate, and finally heating in vacuum to obtain the activated diamond particles.
3. The method for preparing the high-abrasion-resistance supersonic flame-sprayed chromium carbide-based coating according to claim 2, wherein the mass fraction of sodium hydroxide in the mixed aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide and sodium hexametaphosphate is 10-15%, and the mass fraction of sodium hexametaphosphate is 10-20%; the mass fraction of sodium hexametaphosphate in the sodium hexametaphosphate aqueous solution is 10-20%; the mass fraction of the ammonium chloride in the mixed aqueous solution of the ammonium chloride, the sodium hydroxide and the sodium hexametaphosphate is 5-15%, the mass fraction of the sodium hydroxide is 5-10%, and the mass fraction of the sodium hexametaphosphate is 10-20%.
4. The method for preparing a high abrasion-resistant supersonic flame sprayed chromium carbide based coating according to claim 2, wherein the time of ultrasonic treatment in a mixed aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide and sodium hexametaphosphate is 20-30 min, the time of ultrasonic treatment in acetone is 10-20 min, and the time of ultrasonic treatment in an aqueous solution of sodium hexametaphosphate is 20-40 min; the high temperature treatment is carried out at 600-800 ℃ for 10-15 min; the mixing reaction time is 20-30 min; stirring for 5-20 min; the vacuum heating temperature is 70-90 ℃, the time is 30-60 min, and the vacuum degree is less than 0.1 Pa; the cleaning comprises the step of cleaning with deionized water to be neutral.
5. The method for preparing a high abrasion-resistant supersonic flame sprayed chromium carbide based coating according to claim 1, wherein the nickel powder in the step (3) has a particle size of 1.0 to 2.5 μm, the chromium powder has a particle size of 1 to 2.5 μm, the tantalum carbide powder has a particle size of 1 to 2.5 μm, the molybdenum carbide powder has a particle size of 1 to 2.5 μm, and the chromium carbide powder has a particle size of 1 to 2.5 μm.
6. The method for preparing the high abrasion-resistant supersonic flame-sprayed chromium carbide-based coating according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of deionized water to PVA in the PVA solution in the step (4) is (30-50): 1, a step of; the mass ratio of PVA solution to mixed powder is (3-5): 1.
7. the method for preparing a high abrasion resistance supersonic flame sprayed chromium carbide based coating according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of drying in the step (5) is 80-100 ℃, the time is 12-24 h, and the vacuum degree is less than 0.5 Pa.
8. The method for preparing a high abrasion-resistant supersonic flame sprayed chromium carbide based coating according to claim 1, wherein the conditions of the temperature-rising sintering in the step (5) are: firstly, raising the temperature to 100-150 ℃ at the heating rate of 2-5 ℃/min, preserving heat to 1-2 h, keeping the vacuum degree smaller than 0.5 Pa, raising the temperature to 350-550 ℃ at the heating rate of 2-5 ℃/min, preserving heat to 2-5 h, keeping the vacuum degree smaller than 0.1 Pa, and finally raising the temperature to 1200-1320 ℃ at the heating rate of 2-5 ℃/min, preserving heat to 0.5-1.5 h, and keeping the vacuum degree smaller than 0.01 Pa.
9. The method for preparing a high abrasion-resistant supersonic flame sprayed chromium carbide based coating according to claim 1, wherein the mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution in the step (6) is 8-15%, the time of ultrasonic treatment in the sodium hydroxide solution is 20-30 min, and the time of ultrasonic treatment in acetone is 10-20 min.
10. A high abrasion resistance supersonic flame sprayed chromium carbide based coating prepared by the method of any one of claims 1-9.
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