CN117204178A - Seed metering device and seed metering method suitable for various plant seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a seed metering device and a seed metering method suitable for various plant seeds, which relate to the technical field of seed metering devices and comprise the following steps: the seed filling device comprises a fixed plate, a seed filling disc assembly and a seed filling disc assembly, wherein the seed filling disc assembly comprises a seed filling rotary disc, a ring plate and a rotary shaft; the annular plate is fixed on the top surface of the fixed plate, and a plurality of seed falling notches are formed on the inner periphery side of the annular plate; the seed filling rotary disc is sleeved in the annular hole of the annular plate, and a plurality of seed filling gaps are formed on the periphery side of the seed filling rotary disc; the top surface of the fixed plate is provided with a plurality of seed metering holes; one end of the rotating shaft is fixed with the seed filling rotary table, and the other end is a driving end; the seed box comprises a box body and a seed cleaning cover cap; the bottom end of the box body is open and is arranged on the top surface of the fixed plate, and the inner cavity of the box body corresponds to the upper parts of the seed filling notch and the seed falling notch; the seed cleaning covers are in one-to-one correspondence with the seed falling notches and are fixed with the box body, and cover the seed falling notches and the seed filling notches corresponding to the seed falling notches; one side wall of the seed cleaning cover cap is provided with a seed passing notch, and the seed cleaning cover cap is provided with a seed cleaning brush. The invention can avoid the clamping of the seed charging turntable and can precisely control the seed discharging line number and the plant spacing.

Description

Seed metering device and seed metering method suitable for various plant seeds

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of seed metering devices, in particular to a seed metering device and a seed metering method suitable for various plant seeds.

Background

The seeder is one of core tools for agricultural production, and a seed metering device and a seed metering method are important for seeding. The mechanical seed metering devices are classified into various types, including grooved wheels (including inner grooved wheels and outer grooved wheels), hole-type devices (including horizontal discs, vertical discs, hole-type wheels and hole-type belts), centrifugal devices, and the like. The current seed metering device is easy to appear filling the condition of seed carousel or seeding dish card seed when filling, also can't carry out the precision control to seed metering line number and plant spacing.

Therefore, how to provide a horizontal mechanical seed metering device and a seed metering method suitable for various plant seeds, which can avoid the problem that the seed charging turntable clamps seeds and can precisely control the seed metering line number and the seed spacing is needed to be solved by the technicians in the field.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides a seed metering device and a seed metering method suitable for multiple plant seeds, which aims to solve the above technical problems. The seed metering device and the seed metering method suitable for various plant seeds can avoid the clamping of the seed charging turntable and have the advantage of precisely controlling the number of seed metering lines and the plant spacing.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

one aspect of the present invention provides a seed metering device for a variety of plant seeds mounted to a frame of a planter for seed metering; comprising the following steps:

the fixed plate is fixed with the rack;

the seed filling disc assembly comprises a seed filling rotary disc, a ring plate and a rotary shaft; the bottom surface of the annular plate is abutted and fixed with the top surface of the fixed plate, and a plurality of seed falling notches are uniformly formed on the inner peripheral side of the annular plate along the circumferential direction; the seed filling rotary table is parallel to the annular plate and is movably sleeved in the annular hole of the annular plate in an adapting way, a plurality of seed filling gaps are uniformly formed in the peripheral side of the seed filling rotary table along the circumferential direction, and the seed filling gaps, the inner peripheral wall surface of the annular plate corresponding to the seed filling gaps and the top surface of the fixed plate are jointly enclosed to define a seed filling groove chamber; the top surface of the fixed plate is provided with a plurality of seed metering holes which can be communicated with a seed metering pipe of the seeder corresponding to the seed dropping notch; one end of the rotating shaft is vertically fixed with the seed filling rotary table, and the other end of the rotating shaft is a rotary driving end;

the seed box comprises a box body and a plurality of seed cleaning covers; the bottom end of the box body is open, the open end of the box body is arranged on the top surface of the fixed plate corresponding to the periphery of the seed filling rotary disc, and the inner cavity of the box body is arranged above the seed filling gap and the seed falling gap; the seed cleaning covers are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the seed dropping notches and are fixed with the inner wall of the box body, and cover the seed dropping notches and the seed filling notches corresponding to the seed dropping notches; the seed cleaning cover cap is characterized in that a seed passing notch is formed in the bottom end of one side wall, adjacent to the inner wall of the box body, of the seed cleaning cover cap, and a seed cleaning brush for blocking the seed passing notch is arranged on the seed cleaning cover cap.

Compared with the prior art, the seeding device suitable for various plant seeds is provided by the invention, and when in use, the fixing plate is horizontally arranged on the frame of the seeder for seeding; the seed box inner cavity is used for accommodating seeds, the bottom end of the seed box is opened to enable the inner cavity to be communicated with the seed filling notch, and the seeds in the inner cavity can fall into a seed filling groove chamber formed by the seed filling notch, the inner peripheral wall surface of the annular plate and the top surface of the fixing plate; the seed falling gap is covered by the seed cleaning cover cap, and seeds in the inner cavity cannot directly fall into the seed falling gap; the rotating shaft can be driven by an external rotary driving mechanism to drive the seed filling rotary table to rotate, and the rotating seed filling rotary table can push seeds falling into the seed filling groove chamber to move; seeds moving in the seed filling groove chamber can enter the interior of the seed cleaning cover cap through the seed passing notch; the seeds outside the seed filling groove chamber can be blocked by the seed cleaning brush when moving to the seed cleaning cover, so that the seeds cannot enter the seed cleaning cover; when the seeds carried by the seed charging groove chamber and entering the seed cleaning cover move to the corresponding seed falling gap positions, the rotating seeds can be subjected to the centrifugal force action due to the fact that the bottom ends and the outer ends of the seeds are all out of support, gaps around the seeds are suddenly enlarged due to the seed falling gap, the seeds can naturally and smoothly fall into the seed metering holes, and then seed metering is carried out through the seed metering tube of the seeder. The invention can avoid the clamping of the seed charging turntable, and the seed charging turntable rotates for one circle, seeds in all seed charging groove chambers can be planted once through the seed metering holes, so that the seed metering quantity of each seed metering hole can be determined by the seed charging groove chamber quantity, namely by the seed charging gap quantity, and the precision control of the seed metering distance can be realized by controlling the rotating speed of the seed charging turntable and the travelling speed of the seeder; the number of the seed metering lines can be determined by setting the specific number of the seed metering holes, so that the multi-line seed metering operation can be realized, and the seeding efficiency and the seed metering precision are high.

As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, the seed filling disc assembly further comprises a top cover, wherein the top cover is positioned in the inner cavity of the box body and fixed in the middle of the top end of the seed filling rotary disc, and is arranged corresponding to the inner sides of the seed cleaning covers; the upper part of the top cover is provided with a hemispherical seed guiding structure so that seeds at the upper part of the inner cavity of the box body are distributed towards the periphery of the bottom in the seed sowing process, so that the seed sowing turntable is beneficial to seed sowing; the outer peripheral side of the lower part of the top cover is provided with a flower tooth structure so as to push seeds falling from the upper part to the outer side of the top cover in the rotating process; an annular seed filling area is defined between the peripheral side surface of the tooth structure and the corresponding inner wall of the box body; the annular seed filling area corresponds to the upper part of the seed filling groove chamber.

The top cover is positioned in the inner cavity of the seed box, and the hemispherical seed guiding structure can be beneficial to the seeds in the inner cavity of the seed box to flow to the periphery of the hemispherical seed guiding structure under the action of self gravity, so that the seeds can smoothly enter the seed filling groove chamber at the periphery of the seed filling turntable; the situation that seeds cannot be effectively captured by a seed filling gap of a seed filling rotary disc when the seeder is inclined can be greatly reduced; the flower tooth structure at the periphery of the lower part of the top cover can also stir the seeds outwards in the rotation process so as to further enable the seeds to smoothly enter the seed filling groove chamber.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the device also comprises a transmission assembly, wherein the transmission assembly comprises a transmission shaft, a transmission shaft mounting seat, a bevel gear I and a bevel gear II;

one end of the rotating shaft, which is far away from the seed filling rotary disc, movably penetrates through the fixed plate and extends to the lower part of the fixed plate;

the transmission shaft mounting seat is fixed at the bottom end of the fixed plate; the transmission shaft is parallel to the fixed plate and positioned below the rotating shaft, and is rotatably mounted on the transmission shaft mounting seat; the transmission shaft is in transmission connection with a ground wheel of the seeder;

the bevel gear is fixedly arranged at the end part of the rotating shaft, which is far away from the seed filling rotary disc; the bevel gear II is fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft; the bevel gear I is in meshed transmission connection with the bevel gear II.

The ground wheel of the seeder drives the transmission shaft to rotate so as to drive the rotating shaft and the seed filling rotary table to rotate so as to fill seeds and discharge seeds, so that the advancing distance of the seeder has a definite relationship with the rotating angle of the seed filling rotary table, and the quantitative calculation and control of plant spacing are facilitated.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the device further comprises a plurality of seed sowing pipe joints, wherein the plurality of seed sowing pipe joints are fixed at the bottom end of the fixed plate and correspond to the plurality of seed sowing holes one by one; each inner hole of the seed sowing pipe joint is communicated with the corresponding seed sowing hole; the inner holes of the seed tube joints are detachably connected with limited plug columns.

The limit plug can block the joint of the seed sowing pipe to limit the seeds in the seed sowing hole from falling, thereby realizing the control of the number of the seed sowing lines.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the top of the seed box is provided with a seed inlet communicated with the seed box of the seeder; the side wall of the seed cleaning cover, which is opposite to the seed box, is provided with a first opening, and the peripheral wall of the seed box is provided with a second opening corresponding to the first opening.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the seed box and the ring plate are both detachably connected with the fixing plate; the seed filling rotary table is detachably connected with the rotary shaft; the thickness of the seed filling rotary table is the same as that of the annular plate, and the top surface of the seed filling rotary table is flush with the top surface of the annular plate.

The seed box and the annular plate are all detachably connected with the fixed plate, the seed charging turntable is detachably connected with the rotating shaft, after the seed box is detached, the annular plate and the seed charging turntable can be detached and replaced, the annular plate with different specifications and the seed charging turntable can be replaced according to seed sowing requirements of different plant seeds, and the applicability of the seed sowing device to various plant seeds is improved.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the size of the gap between the outer peripheral wall of the seed filling rotary disc and the inner peripheral wall of the annular plate is 0.3mm-0.5mm.

A gap of 0.3mm-0.5mm is arranged between the outer peripheral wall of the seed filling rotary table and the inner peripheral wall of the annular plate, so that the seed filling rotary table is not blocked and is beneficial to flexible rotation of the seed filling rotary table under normal conditions.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the seed filling notch is an involute notch.

When the seed filling gap moves to the position corresponding to the seed falling gap, the seed filling gap of the involute structure is more beneficial to the seeds to fall off from the seed filling gap, so that the occurrence of seed clamping is avoided.

Another aspect of the present invention provides a seed metering method of a seed metering device suitable for multiple plant seeds, including the foregoing seed metering device suitable for multiple plant seeds, which specifically includes the steps of:

step one: the thickness of the seed filling rotary disc and the ring plate is designed according to the size of the plant seeds, and the size of the seed filling gap is designed; so that only one plant seed can be filled in a single seed filling groove chamber at a time;

step two: determining the planting distance of seeds: when the seeder advances by a distance L, the seed filling rotary table rotates for a circle, the number of seed filling gaps of the seed filling rotary table is N, and then the plant spacing S is obtained by the following steps: s=l/N;

step three: according to the specific requirement on the number of seed metering lines during sowing, the line limiting plug is inserted into the corresponding seed metering pipe joint to plug or take out the line limiting plug so as to open the corresponding seed metering hole, and the addition and subtraction control of the number of seed metering lines is performed.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution, in the actual sowing operation, the sizes and shapes of the different plant seeds are different, and if a single seed filling groove chamber of the seed filling turntable of the seed sowing device can accommodate two seeds, the average plant spacing S is obtained by: s' =l/2N.

Compared with the prior art, the invention discloses a seed metering device and a seed metering method suitable for various plant seeds, and has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

1. the seed metering device suitable for various plant seeds can effectively avoid the clamping of the seed filling rotary table, and can precisely control the plant spacing; the seeding line number can be flexibly adjusted according to the seeding requirement.

2. The thickness of the seed filling turnplate and the annular plate of the seed metering device suitable for various plant seeds and the number of the seed filling gaps of the seed filling turnplate can be manufactured into various different specifications for standby according to different plant seeds, and the seed containing condition of the seed filling groove chamber is changed by replacing the seed filling turnplate and the annular plate with different specifications, so that accurate seed metering control is realized, and the applicability of the device is further improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a seed metering device suitable for multiple plant seeds according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the overall structure of a seed metering device of the present invention suitable for multiple plant seeds;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a structure of a joint of a seed discharging tube of a seed discharging device suitable for various plant seeds;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a structure of a fixed plate of a seed metering device suitable for various plant seeds according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of a seed metering device mounting plate of the present invention adapted for use with a plurality of plant seeds;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 5 in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a seed charging tray assembly of a seed metering device for multiple plant seeds according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is an exploded view of a seed charging tray assembly of the seed metering device of the present invention adapted for use with a plurality of plant seeds;

FIG. 9 is a schematic top view of a seed metering device seed charging turntable suitable for use with a variety of plant seeds in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 10 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure shown at B in FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a seed box assembly of a seed metering device for various plant seeds according to the present invention;

FIG. 12 is an exploded view of a seed box of a seed metering device of the present invention adapted for use with a variety of plant seeds;

FIG. 13 is an exploded view of a drive assembly of a seed metering device of the present invention adapted for use with a variety of plant seeds;

FIG. 14 is a schematic view showing the structure of a rotary shaft of a seed metering device suitable for various plant seeds according to the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a top cover of a seed metering device of the present invention adapted for use with a variety of plant seeds;

FIG. 16 is a schematic view of a stopper structure of a seed metering device of the present invention suitable for multiple plant seeds.

In the figure: 1. a fixing plate; 11. a first mounting hole; 12. a second mounting hole; 13. screw holes; 14. a seed metering hole; 15. an annular groove; 16. a round hole; 17. a retainer ring groove; 18. a shaft hole; 2. a seed charging tray assembly; 21. a seed filling rotary table; 211. filling the seed gaps; 212. a central circular hole; 22. a ring plate; 221. a seed falling notch; 23. a rotating shaft; 24. a top cover; 241. a hemispherical seed guiding structure; 242. a tooth structure; 3. a seed box; 31. seed cleaning cover cap; 311. a seed passing notch; 312. cleaning seeds; 313. an opening I; 314. a brush holder; 32. an annular bottom plate; 33. an outer cylinder; 331. an opening II; 34. a bolt; 35. a gasket; 36. a cover plate; 361. a seed inlet; 37. a screw; 4. a transmission assembly; 41. a transmission shaft; 42. a transmission shaft mounting seat; 421. an outer spherical ball bearing with a jackscrew; 422. a fixing bolt; 423. casting a vertical seat; 424. a bearing pedestal bottom plate; 43. bevel gears I; 44. bevel gears II; 45. a drive shaft assembly; 451. a flat gasket; 452. a cotter pin; 453. hexagonal slotted thin nut; 454. short flat keys; 455. a sprocket; 456. long flat key I; 457. a first elastic retainer ring for a shaft; 46. a spindle assembly; 461. a second elastic retainer ring for the shaft; 462. a circlip for the shaft; 463. circlips for holes; 464. long flat key two; 465. deep groove ball bearings; 5. a seed metering pipe joint; 51. a restricted plug; 511. a plug; 52. and (5) positioning a screw.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

As shown in fig. 1 to 16, the present embodiment provides a seed metering device suitable for various plant seeds, which is mounted on a frame of a planter to perform seed metering; comprising the following steps:

the fixing plate 1, the fixing plate 1 is fixed with the frame;

the seed charging disc assembly 2, the seed charging disc assembly 2 comprises a seed charging rotary disc 21, a ring plate 22 and a rotary shaft 23; the bottom surface of the annular plate 22 is abutted and fixed with the top surface of the fixed plate 1, and a plurality of seed dropping notches 221 are uniformly formed on the inner peripheral side of the annular plate 22 along the circumferential direction; the seed filling rotary table 21 is parallel to the annular plate 22 and is movably sleeved in an annular hole of the annular plate 22 in an adapting way, a plurality of seed filling gaps 211 are uniformly formed on the peripheral side of the seed filling rotary table 21 along the circumferential direction, and the seed filling gaps 211, the inner peripheral wall surface of the annular plate 22 corresponding to the seed filling gaps 211 and the top surface of the fixed plate 1 are jointly enclosed to define a seed filling groove chamber; the top surface of the fixed plate 1 is provided with a plurality of seed metering holes 11 which can be communicated with a seed metering pipe of the seeder corresponding to the seed dropping notch 221; one end of the rotating shaft 23 is vertically fixed with the seed filling rotary table 21, and the other end of the rotating shaft 23 is a rotary driving end;

a seed box 3, the seed box 3 comprises a box body and a plurality of seed cleaning covers 31; the bottom end of the box body is open, the open end of the box body is arranged on the top surface of the fixed plate 1 corresponding to the periphery of the seed filling rotary disc 21, and the inner cavity of the box body is arranged above the seed filling notch 211 and the seed dropping notch 221; the seed cleaning covers 31 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the seed falling notches 221 and are fixed with the inner wall of the box body, and cover the corresponding seed falling notches 221 and the seed filling notches 211 corresponding to the seed falling notches 221; a seed passing notch 311 is formed at the bottom end of one side wall of the seed cleaning cover 31 adjacent to the inner wall of the box body, and a seed cleaning brush 312 for blocking the seed passing notch 311 is arranged on the seed cleaning cover 31.

The seeding device suitable for various plant seeds is provided by the embodiment, and when in use, the fixed plate 1 is horizontally arranged on the frame of the seeder to seed; the inner cavity of the seed box 3 is used for accommodating seeds, the bottom end of the box body is opened to enable the inner cavity of the box body to be communicated with the seed filling notch 211, and the seeds in the inner cavity can fall into a seed filling groove chamber formed by the seed filling notch 211, the inner peripheral wall surface of the annular plate 22 and the top surface of the fixing plate 1; the seed falling notch 221 and the seed filling notch 211 rotated to the position corresponding to the seed falling notch 221 are both covered by the seed cleaning cover 31, and seeds in the inner cavity cannot directly fall into the seed falling notch 221; the rotating shaft 23 can be driven by an external rotary driving mechanism to drive the seed charging turntable 21 to rotate, and the rotating seed charging turntable 21 can push seeds falling into the seed charging groove chamber to move; seeds moving in the seed filling groove chamber can enter the interior of the seed cleaning cover 31 through the seed passing notch 311; seeds outside the seed filling groove chamber can be blocked by the cleaning brush 312 when moving to the cleaning cover 31, so that the seeds cannot enter the cleaning cover 31; when the seeds carried by the seed-charging groove chamber and entering the seed-cleaning cover 31 move to the positions corresponding to the seed-discharging gaps 221, the rotating seeds are subjected to centrifugal force action because the bottom ends and the outer ends of the seeds are lost, the gaps around the seeds are suddenly enlarged by the seed-discharging gaps 221, the seeds can naturally and smoothly fall into the seed-discharging holes 11, and then the seeds are discharged through the seed-discharging tube of the seeder. The device can avoid the clamping of the seed charging turntable, and the seed charging turntable 21 rotates for one circle, seeds in all seed charging groove chambers can be planted once through the seed metering holes 11, so that the seed metering quantity of each seed metering hole 11 can be determined by the seed charging groove chamber quantity, that is, the seed metering quantity of each seed metering hole 11 is determined by the seed charging gap 211 quantity, and the precision control of the seed metering distance can be realized by controlling the rotating speed of the seed charging turntable 21 and the advancing speed of the seeder; by setting the specific number of the seed metering holes 11, the number of the seed metering lines can be determined, multi-line seed metering operation can be realized, and the seeding efficiency and the seed metering precision are both higher.

Specifically, the rotary driving end of the rotary shaft 23 can be in transmission connection with a land wheel of the seeder, so that the rotating speed of the rotary shaft 23 is related to the speed of the seeder; the rotary driving end of the rotary shaft 23 can also be in transmission connection with a servo motor; the servo motor can control the rotation speed through the controller so as to realize the independent control of the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 23.

Specifically, the fixed plate 1 is rectangular, the top surface of the fixed plate 1 is provided with a first mounting hole 11 for connecting and fixing a seed metering device with a frame of a seeder, a second mounting hole 12 for mounting a transmission shaft mounting seat 42 of a transmission assembly 4, a screw hole 13 for mounting a seed box 3, a seed metering hole 14 aligned and welded with a seed pipe joint 5, an annular groove 15 in a space required by screw cap movement mounted on a seed charging disc assembly 2, a round hole 16 required by bearing mounting matched with a rotating shaft 23, a check ring groove 17 for fixing a bearing, a bottom end of a gear fixed bearing and a shaft hole 18 for penetrating the rotating shaft 23; the inner diameter of the shaft hole 18 is smaller than the inner diameter of the round hole 16.

Specifically, the seed dropping notch 221 is circular arc-shaped, and has the same inner diameter as the seed metering hole 14.

In some embodiments, the seed charging tray assembly 2 further comprises a top cover 24, wherein the top cover 24 is positioned in the inner cavity of the box body and fixed in the middle of the top end of the seed charging turntable 21, and is arranged corresponding to the inner sides of the plurality of seed cleaning covers 31; the upper part of the top cover 24 is provided with a hemispherical seed guiding structure 241 so that seeds at the upper part of the inner cavity of the box body are distributed towards the periphery side of the bottom in the seed sowing process, thereby being beneficial to seed sowing of the seed sowing rotary table 21; the top end of the hemispherical seed guide structure 241 is provided with a certain gap from the top end of the inner cavity of the box body; the top cover 24 is provided at a lower peripheral side thereof with a tooth structure 242 to push the seeds falling upward to the outside thereof during rotation; an annular seed filling area is defined between the peripheral side surface of the flower tooth structure 242 and the corresponding inner wall of the box body; the annular seed filling area corresponds to the upper part of the seed filling groove chamber.

The top cover 24 is positioned in the inner cavity of the seed box 3, and the hemispherical seed guiding structure 241 can facilitate seeds in the inner cavity of the seed box 3 to flow to the annular seed filling area from the periphery of the hemispherical seed guiding structure 241 under the action of self gravity, so that the seeds can smoothly enter the seed filling groove chamber at the periphery of the seed filling turntable 21; the situation that the seed filling gap 211 of the seed filling rotary disc 21 cannot effectively capture seeds when the seeder is inclined can be greatly reduced; the tooth structure 242 on the lower peripheral side of the cap 24 can also pull the seeds outward during rotation to further allow the seeds to smoothly enter the seed filling chamber.

Specifically, the top of the transmission shaft 41 is in a square column structure, and the bottom end of the top cover 24 is provided with a square groove matched with the square column structure; the square column structure at the top of the transmission shaft 41 penetrates through the central round hole 212 in the center of the seed filling rotary table 21 and is movably inserted into the top cover 24 in an adapting mode, so that the transmission shaft 41 can apply torque to the seed filling rotary table 21.

In some embodiments, further comprising a drive assembly 4, the drive assembly 4 comprises a drive shaft 41, a drive shaft mount 42, a bevel gear one 43, and a bevel gear two 44.

One end of the rotating shaft 23, which is far away from the seed filling rotary table 21, movably penetrates through the fixed plate 1 and extends to the lower part of the fixed plate 1.

The transmission shaft mounting seat 42 is fixed at the bottom end of the fixed plate 1; the transmission shaft 41 is arranged in parallel with the fixed plate 1 and positioned below the rotating shaft 23 and is rotatably mounted on the transmission shaft mounting seat 42; the transmission shaft 41 is in transmission connection with the seeder ground wheel.

The bevel gear one 43 is sleeved and fixed at the end part of the rotating shaft 23 far away from the seed filling rotary table 21; the bevel gear II 44 is sleeved and fixed on the transmission shaft 41; the bevel gear one 43 and the bevel gear two 44 are meshed and connected in a transmission way.

The ground wheel of the seeder drives the transmission shaft 41 to rotate so as to drive the rotating shaft 23 and the seed charging rotary disk 21 to rotate for seed charging and discharging, so that the travelling distance of the seeder and the rotating angle of the seed charging rotary disk 21 have a definite relationship, and the quantitative calculation and control of the plant spacing are facilitated.

Specifically, the drive assembly 4 further includes a drive shaft assembly 45 and a spindle assembly 46.

The drive shaft assembly 45 includes a flat washer 451, cotter 452, hex slotted thin nut 453, short flat key 454, sprocket 455, long flat key 456, and circlip for shaft one 457.

The transmission shaft mounting seat 42 comprises two outer spherical ball bearings 421 with jackscrews, a fixed bolt 422, two cast vertical seats 423 and a bearing seat bottom plate 424; the outer spherical ball bearings 421 with jackscrews are arranged in the corresponding casting vertical seats 423, and the two outer spherical ball bearings 421 with jackscrews are sleeved at the two ends of the transmission shaft 41;

the number of the bearing seat bottom plates 424 is two, and the two bearing seat bottom plates 424 are arranged at intervals and are abutted against the bottom end of the fixed plate 1; the two casting vertical seats 423 are correspondingly abutted to the bottom ends of the two bearing seat bottom plates 424, and the fixing bolts 422 penetrate through the second mounting holes 12 and fasten the bearing seat bottom plates 424 and the casting vertical seats 423 to the bottom ends of the fixing plates 1.

The transmission shaft 41 is a stepped shaft, a chain wheel 455 is sleeved at one end of the transmission shaft 41 and transmits torque through a short flat key 454, a flat washer 451 is mounted at the inner side of the chain wheel 455, and the outer side of the chain wheel 455 is fixed through a hexagonal slotted thin nut 453 and a cotter pin 452.

The bevel gear II 44 is sleeved on the middle part of the transmission shaft 41, transmits torque through the long flat key I456 and is positioned by the circlip I457 through the shaft sleeved on the transmission shaft 41.

The spindle assembly 46 includes a second spindle circlip 461, a third spindle circlip 462, a circlip 463 for holes, a second long flat key 464, and a deep groove ball bearing 465; the transmission shaft 41 is a stepped shaft, the first bevel gear 43 is sleeved at the bottom of the transmission shaft 41, transmits torque through the second long flat key 464 and is positioned through the third elastic retainer ring 462 for the shaft; the deep groove ball bearing 465 is arranged in the round hole 16 and sleeved on the top of the transmission shaft 41; the top end of the deep groove ball bearing 465 is positioned by a circlip 463 for hole mounted in the circlip groove 17, and the bottom end thereof is positioned by a second circlip 461 for shaft mounted on the transmission shaft 41.

In some embodiments, the seed sowing pipe connectors 5 are further included, and the seed sowing pipe connectors 5 are all fixed at the bottom end of the fixed plate 1 and correspond to the seed sowing holes 11 one by one; the inner hole of each seed tube joint 5 is communicated with a corresponding seed hole 11; the inner holes of the seed tube joints 5 are detachably connected with limited plugs 51.

Specifically, the outer diameter of the stopper 51 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the seed tube joint 5, and the stopper 51 can be fixed by the set screw 52 after being plugged into the inner hole of the seed tube joint 5. The limit plugs 51 can block the seed pipe joints 5 to limit the seeds in the seed metering holes 11 from falling, thereby realizing the control of the number of seed metering lines.

The top of the limited stopper column 51 is provided with a crescent-shaped stopper 511, and the stopper 511 can be adaptively and movably inserted into the seed dropping notch 221 so that after the limited stopper column 51 plugs the seed metering pipe joint, the peripheral wall of the stopper 511 can play a role in blocking seeds in the seed filling notch 211, so that the seeds can be discharged along with the rotation of the seed filling rotary table 21 to the next seed metering hole 11 without limitation.

After the limit plugs 51 block the seed metering holes 11, in order to avoid the seed cleaning cover 31 from clamping seeds, so that seeds in the seed filling gaps 211 smoothly pass through the seed cleaning cover 31, anti-clamping gaps are formed at the positions of the bottom ends of the side walls of the seed cleaning cover 31 opposite to the seed passing gaps 311, which correspond to the side walls of the circumference of the seed filling turntable 21; the depth of the anti-seize notch is smaller than the radius of the seeds to prevent the seeds outside the seed cleaning cover 31 from entering the seed cleaning cover 3 from the anti-seize notch.

At the same time, the seed cleaning cover cap can be used for observing the operation condition of the device and avoiding overflow under the action of the outer tube connecting plate

And a tiny gap is reserved between the seed filling rotary disk 21 and the peripheral wall,

in some embodiments, the seed box 3 comprises a seed cleaning cover 31, an annular bottom plate 32, a box body, bolts 34, gaskets 35, screws 37; the box body comprises an outer cylinder 33 and a cover plate 36; the outer cylinder 33 is a circular cylinder; the annular bottom plate 32 is welded and fixed at the bottom end of the outer cylinder 33, and the inner diameter of the annular bottom plate 32 is the same as that of the outer cylinder 33; the cover plate 36 is fixed at the top end of the outer cylinder 33 by a screw 37, and a gasket 35 is sleeved on the screw 37; the middle part of the top end of the cover plate 36 is provided with a seed inlet 361 communicated with a seed box of the seeder; one side surface of the seed cleaning cover 31 is fixed on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 33, which can be welded and fixed, the side wall of the seed cleaning cover 31, which is fixed relative to the outer cylinder 33, is provided with a first opening 313, and the peripheral wall of the outer cylinder 33 is provided with a second opening 331 corresponding to the first opening 313. The discharge is easily observed from the outside of the device through the first opening 313 and the second opening 331.

Specifically, the annular bottom plate 32 is adapted to the annular plate 22, the annular bottom plate 32 is pressed against the top end of the annular plate 22, and the bolts 34 sequentially penetrate through the annular bottom plate 32 and the annular plate 22 from top to bottom and are fixedly connected with the screw holes 13 in an adapting manner so as to fix the annular bottom plate 32, the annular plate 22 and the fixing plate 1.

Specifically, a seed passing notch 311 is formed at the bottom end of one side wall of the seed cleaning cover 31 adjacent to the inner wall of the outer tube 33, and a brush holder 314 is welded and fixed above the seed passing notch 311 corresponding to the outer wall of the seed cleaning cover 31; the bottom end of the brush holder is provided with an L-shaped clamping groove, and the top of the seed cleaning brush 312 is provided with an L-shaped clamping strip matched with the clamping groove; the seed cleaning brush 312 is detachably arranged in an L-shaped clamping groove of the brush holder through an L-shaped clamping strip, and the lower end of the seed cleaning brush 312 is abutted against the upper ends of the corresponding seed filling rotary disc 21 and the annular plate 22.

In some embodiments, both the seed box 3 and the ring plate 22 are detachably connected with the fixed plate 1; the seed filling rotary table 21 is detachably connected with the rotary shaft 23; the thickness of the seed filling rotary table 21 is the same as that of the annular plate 22, and the top surface of the seed filling rotary table 21 is arranged flush with the top surface of the annular plate 22.

The seed box 3 and the annular plate 22 are detachably connected with the fixed plate 1, the seed charging turntable 21 and the rotating shaft 23 are detachably connected, after the seed box 3 is detached, the annular plate 22 and the seed charging turntable 21 can be detached and replaced, the annular plate 22 and the seed charging turntable 21 with different specifications can be replaced according to the seed sowing requirements of different plant seeds, and the applicability of the seed sowing device to various plant seeds is improved.

In some embodiments, the gap between the outer peripheral wall of the seed filling carousel 21 and the inner peripheral wall of the ring plate 22 is 0.3mm to 0.5mm in size.

A gap of 0.3mm-0.5mm is arranged between the outer peripheral wall of the seed charging turntable 21 and the inner peripheral wall of the annular plate 22, so that the seed charging turntable 21 can not be clamped under normal conditions, and is beneficial to flexible rotation of the seed charging turntable 21.

In some embodiments, the seed filling gap 211 is an involute gap.

When the seed filling gap 211 moves to the position corresponding to the seed falling gap 221, the seed filling gap 211 with the involute structure is more beneficial to the seeds to fall off the seed filling gap 211, so that the occurrence of seed clamping is avoided.

The invention also provides a seed metering method of the seed metering device suitable for various plant seeds, which comprises the following specific steps:

step one: the thickness of the seed filling rotary table 21 and the annular plate 22 is designed according to the size of the plant seeds, and the size of the seed filling notch 211 is designed; so that only one plant seed can be filled in a single seed filling groove chamber at a time;

step two: determining the planting distance of seeds: when the seeder travels at the distance L, the seed filling turntable 21 rotates one circle, the number of seed filling gaps 211 of the seed filling turntable 21 is N, and the plant spacing S is obtained by: s=l/N;

step three: according to the specific requirement on the seeding line number during seeding, the line limiting plug 51 is inserted into the corresponding seeding pipe joint 5 to plug or take out so as to open the corresponding seeding hole 11, and the addition and the subtraction of the seeding line number are controlled.

Specifically, the ring plate 22 and the seed filling rotary table 21 with various different specifications can be designed for standby, in the first step, the ring plate 22 and the seed filling rotary table 21 with the adaptive specifications can be disassembled and replaced according to the seed sowing requirements of different plant seeds, so that only one plant seed can be filled in a single seed filling groove chamber at a time, and the applicability of the seed sowing device to various plant seeds can be improved.

In some embodiments, in actual sowing operation, the sizes and shapes of different plant seeds are different, and if a single seed filling groove chamber of the seed filling rotary disc 21 of the seed sowing device can accommodate two seeds, the average plant spacing S is obtained by the following formula: s' =l/2N.

In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Further, one skilled in the art can engage and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification.

While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A seed metering device suitable for various plant seeds, which is arranged on a frame of a seeder for seed metering; characterized by comprising the following steps:

the fixing plate (1), the said fixing plate (1) is fixed with said stander;

the seed filling disc assembly (2), wherein the seed filling disc assembly (2) comprises a seed filling rotary disc (21), a ring plate (22) and a rotary shaft (23); the bottom surface of the annular plate (22) is in abutting connection with the top surface of the fixed plate (1), and a plurality of seed falling notches (221) are uniformly formed in the inner peripheral side of the annular plate (22) along the circumferential direction; the seed filling rotary table (21) is parallel to the annular plate (22) and is movably sleeved in an annular hole of the annular plate (22) in an adapting manner, a plurality of seed filling gaps (211) are uniformly formed in the peripheral side of the seed filling rotary table (21) along the circumferential direction, and the seed filling gaps (211), the inner peripheral wall surface of the annular plate (22) corresponding to the seed filling gaps (211) and the top surface of the fixed plate (1) are jointly enclosed to define a seed filling groove chamber; a plurality of seed metering holes (11) which can be communicated with a seed metering pipe of the seeder are formed in the top surface of the fixed plate (1) corresponding to the seed dropping notch (221); one end of the rotating shaft (23) is vertically fixed with the seed filling rotary table (21), and the other end of the rotating shaft (23) is a rotary driving end;

a seed box (3), wherein the seed box (3) comprises a box body and a plurality of seed cleaning covers (31); the bottom end of the box body is open, the open end of the box body is arranged on the top surface of the fixed plate (1) corresponding to the periphery of the seed filling rotary table (21), and the inner cavity of the box body is arranged above the seed filling gap (211) and the seed dropping gap (221); the seed cleaning covers (31) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the seed dropping notches (221) and are fixed with the inner wall of the box body, and cover the seed dropping notches (221) and the seed filling notches (211) corresponding to the seed dropping notches (221); the seed cleaning cover cap (31) is provided with a seed passing notch (311) at the bottom end of one side wall adjacent to the inner wall of the box body, and the seed cleaning cover cap (31) is provided with a seed cleaning brush (312) for blocking the seed passing notch (311).

2. The seed metering device suitable for multiple plant seeds according to claim 1, wherein the seed charging tray assembly (2) further comprises a top cover (24), the top cover (24) is positioned in the inner cavity of the box body and fixed in the middle of the top end of the seed charging turntable (21), and is arranged corresponding to the inner sides of the seed cleaning covers (31); the upper part of the top cover (24) is provided with a hemispherical seed guiding structure (241) so that seeds at the upper part of the inner cavity of the box body are distributed towards the periphery side of the bottom in the seed sowing process, so that the seed sowing turntable (21) is beneficial to seed sowing; the outer peripheral side of the lower part of the top cover (24) is provided with a flower tooth structure (242) for pushing seeds falling from the upper part to the outer side of the top cover in the rotating process; an annular seed filling area is defined between the peripheral side surface of the flower tooth structure (242) and the corresponding inner wall of the box body; the annular seed filling area corresponds to the upper part of the seed filling groove chamber.

3. The seed metering device suitable for multiple plant seeds according to claim 1, further comprising a transmission assembly (4), wherein the transmission assembly (4) comprises a transmission shaft (41), a transmission shaft mounting seat (42), a bevel gear one (43) and a bevel gear two (44);

one end of the rotating shaft (23) far away from the seed filling rotary table (21) movably penetrates through the fixed plate (1) and extends to the lower part of the fixed plate (1);

the transmission shaft mounting seat (42) is fixed at the bottom end of the fixed plate (1); the transmission shaft (41) is arranged in parallel with the fixed plate (1) and positioned below the rotating shaft (23) and is rotatably arranged on the transmission shaft mounting seat (42); the transmission shaft (41) is in transmission connection with a land wheel of the seeder;

the bevel gear I (43) is sleeved and fixed at the end part of the rotating shaft (23) far away from the seed filling rotary disc (21); the bevel gear II (44) is sleeved and fixed on the transmission shaft (41); the bevel gear I (43) and the bevel gear II (44) are in meshed transmission connection.

4. The seed metering device suitable for multiple plant seeds according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of seed metering pipe joints (5), wherein a plurality of the seed metering pipe joints (5) are fixed at the bottom end of the fixed plate (1) and correspond to a plurality of the seed metering holes (11) one by one; the inner hole of each seed sowing pipe joint (5) is communicated with the corresponding seed sowing hole (11); the inner holes of the seed discharging pipe joints (5) are detachably connected with limited plunger columns (51).

5. The seed metering device for multiple plant seeds of claim 1 wherein said top of said housing has a seed inlet (361) communicating with said planter seed box; the side wall of the seed cleaning cover cap (31) opposite to the seed box (3) is provided with an opening one (313), and the peripheral wall of the seed box (3) is provided with an opening two (331) corresponding to the opening one (313).

6. A seed metering device suitable for multiple plant seeds according to claim 1, characterised in that the cartridge and the ring plate (22) are both detachably connected to the fixed plate (1); the seed filling rotary table (21) is detachably connected with the rotary shaft (23); the thickness of the seed filling rotary table (21) is the same as that of the annular plate (22), and the top surface of the seed filling rotary table (21) is flush with the top surface of the annular plate (22).

7. A seed metering device for multiple plant seeds according to claim 1, characterised in that the gap between the outer peripheral wall of the seed charging turntable (21) and the inner peripheral wall of the annular plate (22) is 0.3mm-0.5mm.

8. A seed metering device for multiple plant seeds according to claim 1, characterised in that the seed filling gap (211) is an involute gap.

9. A seed metering method of a seed metering device suitable for a plurality of plant seeds, comprising the steps of:

step one: the thickness of the seed filling rotary table (21) and the annular plate (22) and the size of the seed filling gap (211) are designed according to the size of the plant seeds; so that only one plant seed can be filled in a single seed filling groove chamber at a time;

step two: determining the planting distance of seeds: when the seeder advances by a distance L, the seed filling rotary table (21) rotates for one circle, the number of seed filling gaps (211) of the seed filling rotary table (21) is N, and the plant spacing S is obtained by the following formula: s=l/N;

step three: according to the specific requirement on the number of seed metering lines during sowing, the limit plugs (51) are inserted into the corresponding seed metering pipe joints (5) to plug or take out the corresponding seed metering holes (11) so as to open the corresponding seed metering holes, and the addition and the subtraction of the number of seed metering lines are controlled.

10. A method of seeding a seed metering device for multiple plant seeds according to claim 9, wherein in actual seeding operation, the different plant seeds differ in size and shape, and if a single seed filling chamber of the seed filling turntable (21) of the seed metering device can accommodate two seeds, the average plant spacing S' is determined by: s' =l/2N.