CN117196886A - Carbon emission management system for building construction projects - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a carbon emission management system for building construction projects, comprising: a database module configured to store and manage carbon emission factor information, construction project basis information, and construction mode information; the internet of things module is used for collecting resource use information and environment information of a construction site by utilizing the internet of things device; the management module is used for configuring the mapping relation between materials used in the construction project and carbon emission factors; configuring carbon emission quota of each sub-item of the construction project; configuring a construction mode according to the predicted value of the carbon emission; the neural network module is set to store a trained neural network model and is used for inputting resource use information and environment information and outputting a carbon emission predicted value of a construction project. According to the invention, through reasonable arrangement and cooperation among the modules, the automatic management of carbon emission of building construction projects can be realized, and correction suggestions can be timely given when the carbon emission is abnormal.

Description

Carbon emissions management system for building construction projects

Technical field

The present invention relates to the field of green building construction, and in particular to a carbon emission management system for building construction projects.

Background technique

With the successive implementation of mandatory carbon emission indicators in the construction industry, the overall requirements, main goals and technical measures for green construction are constantly being improved. For green construction, analyzing and predicting carbon emissions during the construction process, and formulating practical construction plans accordingly, is an important way to save resources, improve resource utilization, reduce costs, and reduce the adverse impact of construction activities on the environment. key steps.

In terms of carbon emissions during the building construction process, domestic Comrade Chen Kanghai took a commercial complex as an example and conducted a carbon emission analysis based on earthwork engineering, foundation engineering, masonry engineering and reinforced concrete engineering. Foreign Pacheco-Torres et al. conducted a study on multi-story villa buildings in Spain and obtained the solidified carbon emissions per unit area. Li et al. compared the public process carbon emissions of 17 residential buildings (shear wall structure, frame structure and brick-concrete structure, height 8.5-53.4m) based on the engineering data list. Davies et al. quantitatively calculated the carbon emissions during the production and construction phase of a warehouse in England. Starting from the idea of quota preparation and the characteristics of carbon emissions, Chen Binbin studied a set of methods for estimating carbon emission quotas during the construction stage.

Due to the different research purposes of the current carbon emission calculation methods in the building construction stage at home and abroad, there are large differences in research boundaries, accounting scope and accounting models. Although the "Building Carbon Emission Calculation Standard" (GB/T51366-2019) provides accounting standards, its method still uses an estimation method and cannot accurately analyze project carbon emissions. Moreover, much of the data for existing carbon emission calculation models is not easily available in the early stages of design and construction. It is impossible to accurately predict carbon emissions and guide carbon emission reduction efforts.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions, specifically including:

Carbon emission management systems for building construction projects, including:

The database module is configured to store and manage carbon emission factor information, construction project basic information and construction mode information;

The Internet of Things module connected to the database module is configured to use the Internet of Things device to collect resource usage information and environmental information at the construction site;

The neural network module connected to the Internet of Things module is set to store a trained neural network model, which is used to input resource usage information and environmental information, and output the carbon emission prediction value of the construction project;

The management module, which is connected to the database module, the Internet of Things module and the neural network module respectively, is set to configure the mapping relationship between the materials used in the construction project and the carbon emission factors; configure the carbon emission quota of each sub-item of the construction project; configure according to the predicted value of carbon emission Construction mode.

In some preferred embodiments, the method of configuring carbon emission quotas for each sub-item of a construction project includes:

Based on the carbon emission factor information, resource usage information and environmental information, and in accordance with the indicator parameter requirements of the "Sichuan Province Green Construction Demonstration Project Implementation Guide", the carbon emission quota of each sub-item of the construction project is calculated.

In some preferred embodiments, it also includes: a green construction evaluation module, which is configured to evaluate the green construction files of the construction project regularly and in stages, and initiate the green construction evaluation and acceptance process according to the evaluation requirements.

In some preferred embodiments, the construction mode includes: the use of various resources in the construction project and the carbon-neutral construction method.

In some preferred embodiments, the training method of the neural network model includes:

Collect the resource usage information and environmental information of historical completed construction projects as the first data set, and collect the green construction evaluation and acceptance results of the corresponding construction projects as the supervision label of the first data set;

Use noise-based data enhancement methods and/or interpolation-based data enhancement methods to expand the first data set to obtain a second data set. According to the green construction evaluation standards, calculate the green construction evaluation acceptance results corresponding to the data in the second data set as the second data set. Supervised labels for the dataset;

The first result verification set and the second result verification set are mixed and scrambled, and the training set and the verification set are divided in a ratio of 8:2, and the supervised training method is used to complete the training of the neural network model.

In some preferred embodiments, the method for determining the carbon emission factor includes:

Collect existing carbon emission factors and establish a carbon emission standard library; for unknown carbon emission factors that are not included in the standard library but are involved in construction projects, use sampling test statistics or expert review methods to calculate them and include them in the carbon emission standard library .

In some preferred embodiments, a real-time carbon emission calculation module is also included, which is configured to obtain the resource usage information, environmental information, and the mapping relationship between the materials used in the construction project and the carbon emission factor. According to GB/T51366-2019 "Construction "Carbon Emission Calculation Standard" to calculate the real-time carbon emissions of each sub-item of the construction project.

beneficial effects

1. Through the reasonable setting and cooperation of each module, the present invention can realize automatic management of carbon emissions of building construction projects, and provide timely rectification suggestions when carbon emissions are abnormal; 2. By building a management platform, it is convenient to integrate green construction The evaluation system is incorporated into the platform management, and real-time acquisition and call of management data are realized, and the whole life cycle management of construction projects is carried out in accordance with the requirements of relevant industry standards and rules and regulations, which facilitates the company's unified management of the evaluation of green construction demonstration projects of subordinate projects; 3 , using deep learning algorithms to predict and analyze the carbon emissions of construction projects, and compare the predicted results with the control values to adjust the current construction mode, ultimately achieving energy saving, emission reduction, energy saving and efficiency improvement, and providing support for the rapid implementation of dual carbon.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a carbon emission management system for building construction projects in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a carbon emission management system for building construction projects in another preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a carbon emission management system for building construction projects in another preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", " The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "outside" and so on is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation. Specific orientations of construction and operation are therefore not to be construed as limitations of the invention.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1, this embodiment provides a carbon emission management system for building construction projects, including:

The database module is configured to store and manage carbon emission factor information, basic construction project information and construction mode information.

The carbon emission factor refers to the amount of carbon emissions produced per unit of energy during the combustion or use of each energy source. Carbon emissions refer to the average greenhouse gas emissions produced during the production, transportation, use and recycling of a product. Carbon emissions can be calculated by multiplying activity data (such as electricity consumption, fuel consumption, etc.) by a carbon emission factor. For example, if the carbon emission factor of the power generation process is 0.785kg CO2/kWh, then using 100kWh of electricity is equivalent to emitting 78.5kg CO2. There are many methods for determining carbon emission factors, the most commonly used of which are calculation and actual measurement. The calculation method is based on different emission sources and activity levels, using existing emission factor data or through sampling measurements and statistical analysis. Calculate carbon emissions; the actual measurement method is based on on-site measured basic data of emission sources, which is summarized to obtain relevant carbon emissions. For building construction, the carbon emission factor information of most processes or materials used in construction projects can be queried through public channels, such as querying IPCC data, the amount of CO2 emitted by tons of coal, tons of fuel oil, and cubic meters of natural gas. They are 2.493, 3.175, and 1.884 tons respectively. However, due to the complexity of building construction, it is inevitable that there will be non-standard construction techniques or carbon emission factor information that is difficult to obtain through query. Therefore, in some better embodiments, a carbon emission factor suitable for the field of building construction is given The determination methods include:

Collect existing carbon emission factors and establish a carbon emission standard library; for unknown carbon emission factors that are not included in the standard library but are involved in construction projects, use sampling test statistics or expert review methods to calculate them and include them in the carbon emission standard library .

The basic information of the construction project includes the materials used in the project, construction steps and construction process information, as well as basic project information such as start time, construction progress, project address, etc.

The construction mode refers to achieving different levels of resource utilization and environmental impact through reasonable setting of construction techniques and steps while ensuring basic requirements such as quality and safety. Specifically, on the basis of scientific management and technological progress, we should save resources to the maximum extent, reduce negative impacts on the environment, and achieve energy-saving, material-saving, water-saving, land-saving and environmental protection construction activities. In some preferred embodiments, the construction mode includes: the use of various resources in the construction project and the carbon-neutral construction method. It should be understood that the specific construction mode needs to be formulated by those skilled in the art after comprehensive consideration of the type of construction project, site conditions, design plan and schedule requirements.

The Internet of Things module connected to the database module is configured to collect resource usage information and environmental information at the construction site using Internet of Things devices.

Among them, the resource usage information includes water, electricity, gas and other natural resources and energy usage information, and the environmental information includes dust, noise, environmental pollution and other information. The above information is all collected using corresponding Internet of Things monitoring equipment. collection. For example, smart water pumps can be used to collect water consumption information, noise sensors can be used to collect environmental noise information, and smart meters can be used to collect electricity consumption information.

The neural network module connected to the Internet of Things module is set to store a trained neural network model, which is used to input resource usage information and environmental information, and output the carbon emission prediction value of the construction project. In some preferred embodiments, RNN (Recurrent Neural Network) can be used. Preferably, considering that the data designed in the present invention has strong sequential properties, LSTM (Long Short Term Memory, Long Short Term Memory Neural Network) can be used. . For the effectiveness of the neural network model, the most important thing is the design of the training method, and the training effect depends on the size and quality of the data set. For the field designed by this invention, since the number of buildings built by the same unit is limited after all, it is unrealistic to rely entirely on actual historical building construction data. The amount of data is small and it is impossible to complete the neural network model. High quality training. Therefore, in some better embodiments, a better method of completing neural network model training by reasonably expanding the training data set is proposed, which specifically includes:

Collect the resource usage information and environmental information of historical completed construction projects as the first data set, and collect the green construction evaluation and acceptance results of the corresponding construction projects as the supervision label of the first data set;

Use noise-based data enhancement methods and/or interpolation-based data enhancement methods to expand the first data set to obtain a second data set. According to the green construction evaluation standards, calculate the green construction evaluation acceptance results corresponding to the data in the second data set as the second data set. Supervised labels for the dataset;

The first result verification set and the second result verification set are mixed and scrambled, and the training set and the verification set are divided in a ratio of 8:2, and the supervised training method is used to complete the training of the neural network model.

The management module, which is connected to the database module, the Internet of Things module and the neural network module respectively, is set to configure the mapping relationship between the materials used in the construction project and the carbon emission factors; configure the carbon emission quota of each sub-item of the construction project; configure according to the predicted value of carbon emission Construction mode.

Among them, the mapping relationship between the materials used in the construction project and the carbon emission factors facilitates the rapid import of materials for matching in subsequent steps.

It should be understood that in this field, carbon emission quota refers to the total amount of greenhouse gases (measured in carbon dioxide equivalent) that an enterprise obtains to emit into the atmosphere within a certain period of time after being approved by the competent government department. Carbon emission quotas are the basis of carbon trading and a market-based means of reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The government sets and controls the total amount of carbon emissions and allocates carbon emission quotas to key emission units so that they must not exceed the prescribed emission limits within a certain period of time. If the actual emissions of key emission units exceed the quota, they need to purchase excess quotas from other units in the carbon trading market; if the actual emissions are lower than the quota, the excess quotas can be sold on the carbon trading market to achieve carbon emission reduction goals. For this invention, this general concept is borrowed here. Its essence is to allocate the total amount of greenhouse gases (measured in carbon dioxide equivalent) emitted into the atmosphere within a certain period of time to each sub-item of the construction project, and stipulate that it will be emitted during the construction period. The specified emission limits must not be exceeded within a certain period of time during the process.

In some preferred embodiments, a method of configuring carbon emission quotas for each sub-item of a construction project is provided, specifically including:

Based on the carbon emission factor information, resource usage information and environmental information, and in accordance with the indicator parameter requirements of the "Sichuan Province Green Construction Demonstration Project Implementation Guide", the carbon emission quota of each sub-item of the construction project is calculated. Among them, the "Guidelines for the Implementation of Green Construction Demonstration Projects in Sichuan Province" (hereinafter referred to as the "Guidelines") is a guiding document organized by the Sichuan Construction Industry Association to further guide the creation of green construction demonstration projects and improve green construction. management level to achieve high-quality and sustainable development of the construction industry. It includes the content of green construction inspection and evaluation, specifically including evaluation basis, evaluation content, evaluation method, evaluation procedure and reference calculation and evaluation method of evaluation results. The carbon emission quotas for each sub-item include material saving, water saving, energy saving and other aspects.

Configuring the construction mode based on the predicted value of carbon emissions specifically refers to determining whether the construction process meets the requirements of green construction based on the relationship between the predicted value of carbon emissions and carbon emission quotas. Specifically, the following methods can be used to determine whether the construction mode needs to be reconfigured:

The carbon emission quota is divided by the construction period to obtain the standard carbon emission rate, and the predicted carbon emission value per unit time is divided by the unit time to obtain the actual carbon emission rate; if the actual carbon emission rate is greater than the standard carbon emission rate, it indicates the current construction mode There are areas that can be optimized. If the actual carbon emission rate is less than the standard carbon emission rate, it means that the current construction mode is reasonable. Specifically, the construction mode refers to the use of new energy-saving materials on site, rainwater recycling devices to receive rainwater to reduce the use of water resources, the use of new energy engineering vehicles, and waste concrete re-bricks and other targeted construction methods, techniques, processes, etc. content.

In other preferred embodiments, in order to understand whether the carbon emissions in each stage of construction meet the requirements of green construction, as shown in Figure 2, the carbon emission management system for building construction projects also includes a green construction evaluation The module is set up to evaluate the green construction files of construction projects regularly and in stages, and initiate the green construction evaluation and acceptance process in accordance with the evaluation requirements. Among them, the green construction files refer to the construction files at each stage stored in the construction project, including construction information and carbon emission information.

In other preferred embodiments, in order to grasp the real-time carbon emissions of construction projects, as shown in Figure 3, the carbon emission management system for building construction projects also includes a real-time carbon emissions calculation module, which is configured to obtain The resource usage information, environmental information, and the mapping relationship between the materials used in the construction project and the carbon emission factors are used to calculate the real-time carbon emissions of each sub-item of the construction project in accordance with GB/T51366-2019 "Construction Carbon Emission Calculation Standard". It should be understood that the GB/T51366-2019 "Building Carbon Emission Calculation Standard" provides an authoritative construction carbon emission accounting standard, but due to its essence it is still an estimation method and cannot accurately analyze project carbon emissions. Condition. Therefore, the real-time carbon emissions can only be used as a reference and should not be used as the basis for evaluation or acceptance. The purpose is to allow relevant staff to grasp the approximate carbon emissions of construction projects in a timely manner, and to conduct a timely review when there are obvious abnormalities in the data.

The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the industry should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions only illustrate the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will also have other aspects. Various changes and modifications are possible, which fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (7)

1. Carbon emission management system for building construction projects, characterized by: The database module is configured to store and manage carbon emission factor information, construction project basic information and construction mode information; The Internet of Things module connected to the database module is configured to use the Internet of Things device to collect resource usage information and environmental information at the construction site; The neural network module connected to the Internet of Things module is set to store a trained neural network model, which is used to input resource usage information and environmental information, and output the carbon emission prediction value of the construction project; The management module, which is connected to the database module, the Internet of Things module and the neural network module respectively, is set to configure the mapping relationship between the materials used in the construction project and the carbon emission factors; configure the carbon emission quota of each sub-item of the construction project; configure according to the predicted value of carbon emission Construction mode. 2. The carbon emission management system for building construction projects according to claim 1, characterized in that the method of configuring carbon emission quotas for each sub-item of the construction project includes: Based on the carbon emission factor information, resource usage information and environmental information, and in accordance with the indicator parameter requirements of the "Sichuan Province Green Construction Demonstration Project Implementation Guide", the carbon emission quota of each sub-item of the construction project is calculated. 3. The carbon emission management system for building construction projects according to claim 1, further comprising: a green construction evaluation module configured to evaluate the green construction files of the construction project regularly and in stages, and Initiate the green construction evaluation and acceptance process in accordance with the evaluation requirements. 4. The carbon emission management system for building construction projects according to claim 1, wherein the construction mode includes: the use of various resources in the construction project and the carbon neutral construction method. 5. The carbon emission management system for building construction projects according to claim 1, wherein the training method of the neural network model includes: Collect the resource usage information and environmental information of historical completed construction projects as the first data set, and collect the green construction evaluation and acceptance results of the corresponding construction projects as the supervision label of the first data set; Use noise-based data enhancement methods and/or interpolation-based data enhancement methods to expand the first data set to obtain a second data set. According to the green construction evaluation standards, calculate the green construction evaluation acceptance results corresponding to the data in the second data set as the second data set. Supervised labels for the dataset; The first result verification set and the second result verification set are mixed and scrambled, and the training set and the verification set are divided in a ratio of 8:2, and the supervised training method is used to complete the training of the neural network model. 6. The carbon emission management system for building construction projects according to claim 1, wherein the method for determining the carbon emission factor includes: Collect existing carbon emission factors and establish a carbon emission standard library; for unknown carbon emission factors that are not included in the standard library but are involved in construction projects, use sampling test statistics or expert review methods to calculate them and include them in the carbon emission standard library . 7. The carbon emission management system for building construction projects according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that it also includes a real-time carbon emission calculation module configured to obtain the resource usage information, environmental information and construction project information. The mapping relationship between materials and carbon emission factors, based on GB/T51366-2019 "Construction Carbon Emission Calculation Standard", calculates the real-time carbon emissions of each sub-item of the construction project.