CN117191092A - Quantum sensing front end based on wavelength adjustment technology, detection system and detection method - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of quantum precision measurement, and provides a quantum sensing front end based on a wavelength adjustment technology, which comprises the following components: the front-end light path module is used for acquiring fundamental frequency light and adjusting and transmitting optical signals; the wavelength conversion module is used for converting the wavelength of the fundamental frequency light into excitation laser; the solid-state spin quantum probe is used for generating feedback fluorescence under the action of excitation laser, and the wavelength conversion module is arranged at the front end of the solid-state spin quantum probe, so that low-loss fundamental frequency light output by the rear end can be converted into excitation laser which can be used for exciting the solid-state spin quantum probe, the loss of the excitation laser transmitted between the detection front end and the rear end is avoided, and the excitation effect of the solid-state spin quantum probe is further effectively ensured.

Description

Quantum sensing front end based on wavelength adjustment technology, detection system and detection method

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of quantum precision measurement, in particular to a quantum sensing front end based on a wavelength adjusting technology, a detection system and a detection method.

Background

The solid-state spin color center system is an important physical system for realizing quantum precise measurement, taking the diamond NV color center in the system as an example, the diamond NV color center shows stronger fluorescence under the pumping of laser, and the fluorescence intensity is regularly related to external physical quantity, so the solid-state spin color center system can be used as a novel sensing core for measuring physical quantity such as magnetic field, electric field, temperature and the like, and besides the diamond NV color center, the solid-state spin color center system also comprises a silicon vacancy color center, a boron vacancy color center and the like.

In the prior art, research on designing a measuring instrument around a solid-state spin color center is increasing year by year, for example, chinese patent publication No. CN113834963a discloses a current detection device, method and storage medium based on an NV color center sensor, and the patent uses an NV color center to perform current measurement; as another example, chinese patent publication No. CN115266910a discloses an eddy current flaw detection system based on NV color center quantum sensing technology, and the patent uses NV color center to perform nondestructive flaw detection; another example is chinese patent publication No. CN111307326a, which discloses a fiber optic temperature sensor based on a diamond NV color center, which uses the NV color center for temperature measurement.

However, in the prior art, the laser sources for outputting the excitation laser are all arranged at the near end, and when the laser source works, the excitation laser is transmitted to the diamond NV color center at the far end through the optical fiber line, the transmission loss and disturbance of the excitation laser in the process are both large (taking the diamond NV color center as an example, the wavelength of the excitation laser is 532nm, the excitation laser does not belong to the laser of a communication band, and the light intensity is low), so that the excitation effect of the solid spin color center is poor, and the measurement accuracy is affected.

Disclosure of Invention

The application aims to provide a quantum sensing front end, a detection system and a detection method based on a wavelength adjustment technology, and aims to solve the problems of loss and disturbance of excitation laser transmitted from a near end to a far end.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

a quantum sensing front end based on wavelength tuning techniques, comprising:

the front-end light path module is used for acquiring fundamental frequency light and adjusting and transmitting optical signals;

the wavelength conversion module is used for converting the wavelength of the fundamental frequency light into excitation laser;

the solid spin quantum probe is used for generating feedback fluorescence under the action of excitation laser.

Further, the solid state spin quantum probe comprises a diamond NV color center.

Further, the laser excitation device also comprises a light intensity regulator, wherein the light intensity regulator is used for regulating the intensity of the excitation laser.

Further, the wavelength conversion module is an up-conversion laser.

Further, the device also comprises a microwave module, wherein the microwave module is used for outputting excitation microwaves acting on the solid spin quantum probe.

Further, the device also comprises a photoelectric detection processing module, wherein the photoelectric detection processing module is used for collecting and processing feedback fluorescence to form electric signal output.

Further, the optical transmitter is connected with the electric signal output by the photoelectric detection processing module and generates a modulated optical signal output.

Further, the device also comprises a photocell module, wherein the photocell module is used for converting part of fundamental frequency light into front-end electric energy and supplying power to electric devices in the quantum sensing front-end.

Further, the wavelength range of the fundamental frequency light is 800-1100 nm.

Further, the quantum sensing device also comprises a light recycling module, wherein the light recycling module is used for recycling useless light signals in the quantum sensing front end and converting the useless light signals into front-end electric energy through the photocell module.

The detection system comprises the quantum sensing front end, the rear end and a transmission line connected between the front end and the rear end, wherein the rear end comprises a laser module and a host, the laser module is used for outputting fundamental frequency light, the fundamental frequency light is transmitted to the quantum sensing front end through the transmission line, and the host is used for analyzing and calculating data.

Further, the transmission line includes an optical fiber, and the optical signals transmitted between the front end and the rear end of the quantum sensor are transmitted through the optical fiber.

A method of detection comprising the steps of:

s1, acquiring fundamental frequency light;

s2, converting the wavelength of the fundamental frequency light into exciting laser;

s3, sensing to-be-measured by the solid spin quantum probe and generating feedback fluorescence with corresponding intensity under the action of excitation laser;

and S4, collecting, analyzing and calculating the feedback fluorescence to obtain the to-be-measured value.

Furthermore, the excitation laser carries out light intensity attenuation treatment before exciting the solid spin quantum probe.

Compared with the prior art, the application has the beneficial effects that: according to the scheme, the wavelength conversion module is arranged at the front end, and can convert the low-loss fundamental frequency light output by the rear end into excitation laser which can be used for exciting the solid spin quantum probe, so that the loss and disturbance of the excitation laser transmitted between the detection front end and the rear end are avoided, and the excitation effect of the solid spin quantum probe is further effectively ensured.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a system block diagram of a quantum sensing front end in an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a wavelength conversion module according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a light recycling module according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an integrated quantum sensor front end according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a system block diagram of a detection system in an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a transmission line according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of another structure of a transmission line according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a detection method according to an embodiment of the application.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.

The relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application unless it is specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual scale for convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but should be considered part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for defining the components, and are merely for convenience in distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms are not meant to have any special meaning unless otherwise indicated, so that the scope of the present application is not to be construed as being limited.

Quantum sensing front-end embodiments

As shown in fig. 1 (the solid line part of the figure represents an optional structure), the embodiment of the application provides a quantum sensing front end based on a wavelength adjustment technology, which at least comprises a front-end optical path module, a wavelength conversion module and a solid spin quantum probe.

In this example, the front-end optical path module is used for acquiring fundamental frequency light and adjusting and transmitting optical signals, and in some specific schemes, the front-end optical path module may be devices such as an optical fiber coupler, an optical fiber, an optical lens, etc., and various designs can be made according to specific situations, which is not limited herein;

in this example, the wavelength conversion module is used to convert the wavelength of the fundamental frequency light into excitation laser, and in some specific schemes, the wavelength conversion module is an up-conversion laser, taking a frequency doubling laser as an example, when the sensing core of the solid spin quantum probe is an NV color center, the selectable fundamental frequency light is 1064nm laser, and after frequency doubling by the frequency doubling laser, 532nm excitation laser can be generated;

in this example, the solid-state spin quantum probe is used to generate feedback fluorescence under the action of excitation laser, and in some specific schemes, when the sensing core of the solid-state spin quantum probe is an NV color center, irradiation of the NV color center with 532nm laser generates red feedback fluorescence, and the light intensity of the feedback fluorescence is influenced by external environment (such as magnetic field, electromagnetism, temperature, pressure, etc.), so that environmental detection can be realized by measuring the feedback fluorescence.

In some embodiments, as a preferred design, the sensing core of the solid-state spin quantum probe is a diamond NV color center, and the exciting laser is a 532nm laser, that is, the wavelength conversion module is required to convert the fundamental frequency light into a 532nm laser, and the fundamental frequency light has low loss performance, so that a laser signal of a communication band is considered to be used as the fundamental frequency light, and thus, as some realizations, the wavelength interval of the fundamental frequency light is 800-1600nm.

In some embodiments, considering that the solid-state spin quantum probe has a certain requirement on the light intensity of the excitation laser (taking diamond NV color center as an example, when the light intensity of the excitation laser is too high, the diamond NV color center is heated to cause measurement misalignment, otherwise, the light intensity is too low, so that the excitation effect of the NV color center is poor, and the feedback fluorescence is difficult to collect, etc.), a light intensity regulator is further arranged at the front end of the quantum sensor, and the intensity of the excitation laser is regulated by the light intensity regulator.

In some practical embodiments, the wavelength conversion module is an upconversion laser, and the upconversion laser is generally a passive device, such as a frequency doubling laser, for example, and a structural design of the wavelength conversion module is proposed herein, as shown in fig. 2, and includes a cylinder 31, a nonlinear crystal 32, preferably a frequency doubling crystal, such as a crystal of monoammonium phosphate (ADP), potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP), potassium dideuterium phosphate (DKDP), dideuterium cesium arsenate (DCDA), and cesium arsenate (CDA), is disposed in the middle of an inner cavity of the cylinder 31, and first optical fiber couplers 31 are disposed at two ends of the cylinder 31, and when in use, fundamental frequency light is input from the first optical fiber coupler 31 at the left side, irradiates the nonlinear crystal 3 to form excitation laser after converging through the first optical fiber coupler 34 at the left side, and diverged excitation laser is converged through the first optical fiber coupler 34 at the right side and coupled into the first optical fiber coupler 31 at the right side for output.

As some improved designs, based on the optical loss problem set forth in the background, in some embodiments, the optical path length for transmitting the excitation laser from the wavelength conversion module to the solid-state spin quantum probe is designed to be no greater than 5m, and this optical path length is limited, so that optical loss caused by lengthy optical path design is avoided.

In some embodiments, the quantum sensing front end further includes a microwave module, where the microwave module is configured to output excitation microwaves acting on the solid spin quantum probe, and the example uses the microwaves and the laser to excite the solid spin quantum probe together, so that a measurement result by the method is more accurate (ODMR detection method is in the prior art and is not described herein).

In the foregoing embodiments or modifications, where the detection data output by the quantum sensing front-end is the feedback fluorescence itself, in other embodiments, it is also contemplated to output the feedback fluorescence from the quantum sensing front-end in other forms, several of which are transmission designs, as exemplified below:

example one, quantum sensing front end outputs an electrical signal

Referring to fig. 1, the quantum sensing front end further includes a photoelectric detection processing module, where the photoelectric detection processing module is configured to collect and process the feedback fluorescence to form an electrical signal output, and in an exemplary embodiment, the photoelectric detection processing module is a photodiode, and converts the feedback fluorescence into the electrical signal and then directly outputs the electrical signal; considering that the electric signal directly output by the photodiode has larger noise, as an improved design, the photoelectric detection processing module also comprises a phase-locking processing unit which can carry out phase-locking amplification modulation on the electric signal so as to reduce data noise, and the electric signal subjected to phase-locking processing is output from the quantum sensing front end; in other designs, a processor (including a data resolving program) may be further configured in the photodetection processing module, where the processor is configured to perform computational analysis on an electrical signal output by the photodiode or the phase-locked processing unit (including an electrical signal after phase-locked processing), so as to obtain a to-be-measured electrical signal, and output the to-be-measured electrical signal from the quantum sensing front end.

Second, the quantum sensing front end outputs a modulated optical signal (communication band)

Considering that the feedback fluorescence is not suitable for transmission (for example, 637nm feedback fluorescence generated by the NV color center does not belong to optical signals of a communication band, and thus the loss in the transmission process is large), in some examples, the feedback fluorescence is considered to be converted into modulated optical signals of the communication band to be output, and based on the consideration, in the first example, under the structural design of outputting an electrical signal by the quantum sensing front end, an optical transmitter is further designed at the quantum sensing front end, and the optical transmitter is connected with the electrical signal output by the photoelectric detection processing module and generates a modulated optical signal to be output.

In some embodiments, considering that the quantum sensing front-end may be used in some situations where it is not suitable to connect to an external circuit, the quantum sensing front-end further includes a power module (a photo detection processing module, a light transmitter, etc.) as mentioned in the foregoing embodiments, a photovoltaic module is further designed in the quantum sensing front-end, and the photovoltaic module is capable of converting part of the fundamental frequency light into front-end electric energy and supplying power to the power module in the quantum sensing front-end, and in one specific structure, the photovoltaic module includes a photovoltaic cell and a DC-DC converter.

In a further improvement, under the condition that the photocell module is designed at the front end of the quantum sensor, the fundamental frequency light needs to meet the requirement of low loss and ensure enough photoelectric conversion efficiency, and on the basis of the fact that the wavelength interval of the fundamental frequency light is set within 800-1100 nm in the embodiment, the wavelength of the fundamental frequency light is preferably 1064nm on the premise that a frequency doubling laser and an NV color center are considered to be used as a sensing core.

As some improvements, considering that there is more optical signal waste in the quantum sensing front end, in some embodiments, the quantum sensing front end further includes a light recycling module, where the light recycling module is configured to recycle unwanted optical signals in the quantum sensing front end and convert the unwanted optical signals into front-end electrical energy through the photocell module, and, illustratively, considering that the solid-state spin quantum probe (for convenience of explanation, where the solid-state spin quantum probe is a diamond particle containing NV color center and the diamond particle is disposed at an end of an optical fiber) is prone to more optical loss, as shown in fig. 3, the light recycling module includes a collection mirror group disposed near the diamond particle and an optical fiber coupler, where the collection mirror group is capable of collecting and converging optical signals scattered from the diamond particle as recycling laser, and coupling the recycling laser into the optical fiber through the optical fiber coupler, and transmitting the recycling laser to the photocell module for conversion into front-end electrical energy.

Based on the foregoing embodiment, for the sake of understanding, an integrated structural design of a quantum sensing front end is described herein, referring to fig. 4 in particular, the quantum sensing front end includes a substrate 1, a front-end optical path module, a wavelength conversion module 3 (optionally, a frequency doubling laser), a light intensity regulator 4 (optionally, an optical attenuator), a second optical fiber coupler 6, a solid-state spin quantum probe, a photo-detection processing module 9 (optionally, an avalanche diode), an optical transmitter 10, a photocell module 11, a microwave module 12 and a microwave wire connector 13, where the front-end optical path module includes three groups of third optical fiber couplers 2, a dichroic sheet 5 (not shown in the drawing), the dichroic sheet 5 is disposed in a mirror cage, a filter is disposed on a side of the mirror cage close to the photo-detection processing module 9, and a plurality of short fibers, the solid-state spin quantum probe includes a diamond particle 8 including an NV color center, a sensing optical fiber 7, a microwave transmission line 15 and a microwave antenna 14, one end of the sensing optical fiber 7 is connected to the second coupler 6 and the other end is connected to the diamond particle 8, the microwave transmission line 15 is connected to the other end of the microwave fiber 15, and the other end is connected to the microwave antenna 14 is in a high-efficiency microwave radiation region, and the principle is located in the microwave antenna is as follows: a beam of 1064nm fundamental frequency light is connected and transmitted to the wavelength conversion module 3 through a third optical fiber coupler 2, after the frequency multiplication effect, the 1064nm fundamental frequency light is converted into 532nm excitation laser, 532nm excitation laser is regulated to proper light intensity through a light intensity regulator 4, 532nm excitation laser enters the second optical fiber coupler 6 through reflection of the dichroic sheet 5, the transmission and excitation of diamond particles 8 are carried out through a sensing optical fiber 7, the diamond particles 8 are excited to generate feedback fluorescence, the feedback fluorescence returns along an original light path and penetrates through the dichroic sheet 5, the feedback fluorescence is converted into an electric signal by a photoelectric detection processing module 9, the electric signal is output by an optical transmitter, a modulated optical signal is generated according to the electric signal, the modulated optical signal is output outwards through another optical fiber coupler 2, in the process, a microwave module 12 outputs a microwave signal, the microwave signal acts on a microwave antenna 14 through a microwave transmission line 15, excitation microwaves are radiated, excitation microwaves and excitation lasers synchronously act on the diamond particles 8, in the process, and a beam of fundamental frequency light is connected and converted into an electric energy storage through a photoelectric cell module 11 through a further third optical fiber coupler 2, the electric energy is the photoelectric detection processing module 9, the photoelectric transmitter 10 and the photoelectric detection processing module 10 and the microwave transmitter 12 are connected to a circuit board (the circuit is not shown in the circuit board is a preferred circuit design in the circuit board, the circuit board is not shown in the figure).

Detection System embodiment

As shown in fig. 5 (the solid line box in the drawing represents an optional module), the present embodiment discloses a detection system, which includes a quantum sensing front end as mentioned in the foregoing single embodiment or multiple embodiments, a back end and a transmission line connected therebetween, where the back end includes at least a laser module and a host, the laser module is used for outputting fundamental frequency light, the fundamental frequency light is transmitted to the quantum sensing front end through the transmission line, and the host is used for analysis and calculation of data.

Based on the various quantum sensing front ends mentioned in the foregoing embodiments, the rear end of the detection system may be adaptively designed, specifically explained is that when the front end has no microwave module, the microwave module may be designed at the rear end; when the front end directly outputs feedback fluorescence, the rear end should be designed with a photoelectric detection module; when the front end outputs the modulated optical signal, the back end should design an optical receiver, etc.

In the structural design of the optical signal output by the front end of quantum sensing, the fundamental frequency light or the detection light signal (feedback fluorescence or modulation light signal) is transmitted in the transmission line, in the conventional design, the transmission line comprises two independent optical fibers for respectively transmitting the two optical signals, in order to simplify the optical path, in other embodiments, the transmission line is designed as an optical fiber, the optical signals transmitted between the front end and the rear end of quantum sensing are all transmitted through the optical fiber, and in exemplary embodiments, in which the front end of quantum sensing is free of a battery module, as shown in fig. 6, three-port circulators are respectively arranged at two ends of the optical fiber, so that the transmission of the fundamental frequency light and the detection light signal in the same optical fiber is realized through the circulators, and the two functions are not interfered with each other, which is a common function of the circulators, and the wiring is shown in the figure and is not repeated here; for example, in some embodiments where the front end of the quantum sensor includes a photocell module, as shown in fig. 7, a beam splitter is further disposed on the output side of the fundamental frequency light, where the beam splitter can split the fundamental frequency light into two beams (with a beam splitting ratio being selectable according to requirements), where one beam is used to access the photocell module to convert electric energy, and the other beam is used to excite the solid spin quantum probe.

It is anticipated that the present detection system may sense magnetic fields, electric fields, temperature, etc.

Method of detection embodiment

Referring to fig. 8, the present embodiment discloses a detection method, which comprises the following steps:

s1, acquiring fundamental frequency light, wherein in some implementations, the fundamental frequency light is transmitted to an optical fiber connector through an optical fiber by using the optical fiber connector as a connector for acquiring the fundamental frequency light, and the introduction of the fundamental frequency light is completed through the optical fiber connector, and in other implementations, the fundamental frequency light is transmitted in a space light form (not transmitted by an optical fiber), so that the acquisition and convergence of space laser can be realized by using some optical lenses;

s2, converting the wavelength of the fundamental frequency light into excitation laser light, wherein in some implementations, the wavelength adjustment of the fundamental frequency light can be realized by using an up-conversion laser such as a frequency doubling laser;

s3, sensing to be measured by the solid-state spin quantum probe and generating feedback fluorescence with corresponding intensity under the action of excitation laser, wherein the sensing core of the solid-state spin quantum probe is an NV color center in some implementation modes, the sensing core can sense physical quantities such as an electric field, a magnetic field, temperature, pressure and the like, the excitation laser wavelength is 532nm, and the generated feedback fluorescence wavelength is 637nm;

and S4, collecting, analyzing and calculating the feedback fluorescence to obtain the to-be-measured value.

When the feedback fluorescence is collected, reference may be made to the manner mentioned in the foregoing embodiment, for example, the feedback fluorescence formed at the detection end may be directly transmitted back to the rear end for collection and calculation, or the feedback fluorescence may be directly collected at the detection end and converted into an electrical signal and transmitted to the rear end for calculation and analysis, or the feedback fluorescence may be converted into a modulated optical signal in a communication band at the detection end by using an optical fiber communication technology and transmitted to the rear end for calculation and analysis.

In view of the advantages of ODMR detection, in some embodiments, excitation microwaves are also utilized to synchronize excitation of the solid state spin quantum probe.

In addition, considering that the solid-state spin quantum probe has certain requirements on the light intensity of the excitation laser (taking diamond NV color center as an example, when the light intensity of the excitation laser is too high, the diamond NV color center is heated to cause measurement misalignment, otherwise, the light intensity is too low, so that the NV color center excitation effect is poor, and the feedback fluorescence is difficult to collect, and the like), the light intensity regulator is further arranged at the front end of the quantum sensor, and the intensity of the excitation laser is regulated through the light intensity regulator, wherein in the example, the light intensity regulator is preferably a light attenuator.

In general, the disclosed process operations may be performed in any order, unless otherwise provided in the claims.

In the description of the present specification, the descriptions of the terms "one embodiment," "example," "specific example," and the like, mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The preferred embodiments of the application disclosed above are intended only to assist in the explanation of the application. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the application to the precise form disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the application and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best understand and utilize the application. The application is limited only by the claims and the full scope and equivalents thereof.

Claims (14)

1. A quantum sensing front-end based on wavelength tuning techniques, comprising:

the front-end light path module is used for acquiring fundamental frequency light and adjusting and transmitting optical signals;

the wavelength conversion module is used for converting the wavelength of the fundamental frequency light into excitation laser;

the solid spin quantum probe is used for generating feedback fluorescence under the action of excitation laser.

2. The quantum sensing front end of claim 1, wherein the solid state spin quantum probe comprises a diamond NV color center.

3. The quantum sensing front-end of claim 1, further comprising a light intensity adjuster for adjusting the intensity of the excitation laser.

4. The quantum sensing front-end of claim 1, wherein the wavelength conversion module is an upconversion laser.

5. The quantum sensing front-end of claim 1, further comprising a microwave module for outputting excitation microwaves acting on the solid state spin quantum probe.

6. The quantum sensing front-end of claim 1, further comprising a photodetection processing module for collecting and processing feedback fluorescence to form an electrical signal output.

7. The quantum sensing front-end of claim 6, further comprising an optical transmitter that interfaces with the electrical signal output by the photodetection processing module and generates a modulated optical signal output.

8. The quantum sensing front-end of any of claims 1-7, further comprising a photovoltaic module for converting a portion of the fundamental light into front-end electrical energy and powering electrical devices within the quantum sensing front-end.

9. The quantum sensing front end of claim 8, wherein the wavelength range of the fundamental light is 800-1100 nm.

10. The quantum sensing front-end of claim 8, further comprising a light recovery module for recovering unwanted light signals within the quantum sensing front-end and converting the unwanted light signals into front-end electrical energy by the photovoltaic module.

11. A detection system, comprising a quantum sensing front end according to any one of claims 1 to 10, a back end and a transmission line connected therebetween, wherein the back end comprises a laser module and a host, the laser module is used for outputting fundamental frequency light, the fundamental frequency light is transmitted to the quantum sensing front end through the transmission line, and the host is used for analyzing and calculating data.

12. The detection system of claim 11, wherein the transmission line comprises an optical fiber through which optical signals transmitted between the front end and the back end of the quantum sensor are transmitted.

13. A method of detection comprising the steps of:

s1, acquiring fundamental frequency light;

s2, converting the wavelength of the fundamental frequency light into exciting laser;

s3, sensing to-be-measured by the solid spin quantum probe and generating feedback fluorescence with corresponding intensity under the action of excitation laser;

and S4, collecting, analyzing and calculating the feedback fluorescence to obtain the to-be-measured value.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the excitation laser is subjected to a light intensity decay treatment prior to exciting the solid state spin quantum probe.