CN117180418A - Allergen composition containing composite adjuvant and application thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to an allergen composition containing a compound adjuvant and application thereof. The allergen composition comprises a compound adjuvant and an allergen, wherein the compound adjuvant comprises CpG-DNA (BCG-CpG-DNA for short) extracted from bacillus calmette-guerin and an aluminum adjuvant, and the allergen composition has stronger desensitization treatment effect by combining the traditional aluminum adjuvant with the BCG-CpG-DNA.

Description

Allergen composition containing composite adjuvant and application thereof

Technical Field

The application belongs to the field of medicines, and particularly relates to an allergen composition containing a compound adjuvant and application thereof.

Background

Allergic diseases such as allergic asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, allergic conjunctivitis, food allergy, drug allergy, etc., are inflammatory reactions mediated by antigen-specific IgE antibodies, which are predominantly Th2, as a major pathological feature. Individuals with allergic diseases produce high levels of antigen-specific IgE that bind to mast cell membranes to form a sensitized state. Resulting in the activation of the mast cells by specific antigens, release of the allergic medium, and cause allergic symptoms.

Specific immunotherapy (AIT) is to clinically determine the allergen of a patient with allergic diseases, then mix the allergen with an adjuvant to prepare allergen preparations with different concentrations for dilution, repeatedly contact the allergen with the patient by injection or other administration routes, and gradually increase the concentration and dosage of the allergen, thereby improving the immune tolerance of the patient to the allergen, and achieving the phenomenon that the patient does not produce allergic symptoms or symptoms are reduced when the allergen is contacted again.

The traditional allergen vaccine mainly comprises an aqueous preparation, a glycerol preparation and an aluminum hydroxide preparation adjuvant, the aqueous preparation of the allergen has poor stability, and long-term frequent administration is required. The allergen glycerol preparation is less convenient to use due to injection dose limitation. Conventional aluminum hydroxide adjuvants and compositions thereof have found widespread use in allergen vaccines, for example, those prepared from Danish ALK-Anda produced by company (/ -)>SQ) standardized allergen preparation, which is an injection prepared from house dust mite allergen extract and aluminum hydroxide adjuvant. Although the adjuvant is approved for use in allergen vaccine preparation, in practical application, the low-dose aluminum hydroxide adjuvant alone has limited immunity to allergen vaccine, and the increased-dose aluminum hydroxide adjuvant often has side effects of injection site swelling, granuloma, fever, pain, allergy and the like when used.

BCG-Cp G-DNA is a genomic DNA fragment extracted from calmette-guerin that is enriched in unmethylated CpG motifs. The research shows that the BCG-Cp G-DNA has the function of balancing the Th1/Th2 immune balance of allergic asthma mice and has the function of nonspecific immunotherapy. However, the above-mentioned studies are limited to theory, and the role in practical application is not certain.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the application provides an allergen composition containing a compound adjuvant and a preparation method thereof, in particular:

in a first aspect of the present application, there is provided an allergen composition comprising a complex adjuvant and an allergen, the complex adjuvant comprising CpG-DNA (BCG-CpG-DNA for short) extracted from calmette-guerin and an aluminium adjuvant.

Preferably, the weight ratio of the total protein of the allergen to the aluminum adjuvant is 1: (1-10), more preferably, any value or any range of the above ranges, for example: 1:1, 1:1.25, 1:1.5, 1:2, 1:2.5, 1:3, 1:3.5, 1:4, 1:4.5, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9, 1:10, etc.

Preferably, the weight ratio of the BCG-CpG-DNA to the aluminum adjuvant is (5-1): (1-5), more preferably, may be any value or range of values within the above range, for example: 5:1, 4:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:1.5, 1:2. 1:2.5, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, etc.

Preferably, the allergen to BCG-CpG-DNA adjuvant weight ratio is 1 (1-60), more preferably, it can be any of the above ranges or any range, for example: 1:1, 1:1.25, 1:1.5, 1:2, 1:2.5, 1:3, 1:3.5, 1:4, 1:4.5, 1:5, 1:8, 1:10, 1:15, 1:20, 1:25, 1:30, 1:35, 1:40, 1:45, 1:50, 1:55, 1:60, the BCG-CpG-DNA adjuvant to allergen ratio not exceeding 60.

The allergen may be present in a single dose in any value or range of values within the above range, for example 0.5, 5, 20, 50, 80, 100, 150, 180, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500 μg, and any range between the above values, preferably 1-450 μg.

In a single dose, the BCG-CpG-DNA adjuvant may be in any value or range within the above range, for example 5, 20, 50, 80, 100, 150, 180, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500 μg, and any range between the above values, preferably 15-400 μg, more preferably 20-350 μg.

In a single dose, the aluminium adjuvant may be in any value or range of values within the above range, for example 5, 20, 50, 80, 100, 150, 180, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500 μg, and any range between the above values, preferably 15 to 400 μg, more preferably 20 to 350 μg.

Preferably, the allergen composition comprises 1% -30% allergen, 20% -80% bcg-CpG-DNA adjuvant and 15% -50% aluminium adjuvant. Any number or range within the above range may be used, for example, allergen 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 5%, 10%, 12%, 15%, 18%, 20%, 25%, 30%, etc., BCG-CpG-DNA adjuvant 20%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, etc., aluminum adjuvant 15%, 20%, 22%, 25%, 28%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%.

In a specific embodiment, the allergen composition comprises 1.5% allergen, 75.8% bcg-CpG-DNA adjuvant and 22.7% aluminum adjuvant;

the allergen composition comprises 20% allergen, 50% bcg-CpG-DNA adjuvant and 30% aluminium adjuvant; alternatively, the allergen vaccine composition comprises 16% allergen, 60% bcg-CpG-DNA adjuvant and 24% aluminum adjuvant;

the percentage content is the mass percentage content.

More preferably, the BCG-CpG-DNA is a DNA nucleic acid fragment extracted from Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG), which is rich in unmethylated CpG sequences, and CpG refers to dinucleotides composed of cytosine (C) and guanine (G) linked via phosphodiester bonds (p).

Preferably, the aluminium adjuvant is selected from aluminium hydroxide Al (OH) ₃ And aluminum phosphate AlPO ₄ . In a specific embodiment, the aluminum adjuvant is selected from aluminum hydroxide Al (OH) ₃ 。

Preferably, the allergen is selected from any natural or recombinant allergen, such as grass pollen allergen, tree pollen allergen, animal dander allergen, mould allergen, etc.

More preferably, the mite allergen comprises a mite from the group consisting of a dust mite, a house dust mite, or a combination of both, and in a specific embodiment of the application the mite species used is a dust mite.

Further preferably, the antigen of the mite species (mite) comprises a plurality of allergen proteins Der f, der p, e.g. comprising a group I major allergen protein of dust mite (Der f 1), a group II major allergen protein of dust mite (Der f 2), a group I major allergen protein of house dust mite (Der p 1) and/or a group II major allergen protein of house dust mite (Der p 2). More preferably, the allergenic proteins include at least Der f 1 and Der f 2.

Preferably, the allergen composition further comprises a carrier solution. The carrier solution provides the desired isotonic conditions for the vaccine composition in liquid form, and therefore a solution system is selected which provides isotonic conditions, preferably a PBS solution, for example a PBS solution of 0.01M to 0.08M, pH6.8 to 7.4. In the present application, the content or concentration of the aluminum adjuvant is Al unless otherwise specified ³⁺ As indicated by the amount or concentration of (c), the aluminum adjuvant is generally commercially available in solution form and may be added directly to the carrier solution of the present application.

In a specific embodiment, the single dose of the vaccine comprises 0.5-500 μg allergen, 5-500 μg BCG-CpG-DNA, 5-500 μg aluminum adjuvant. Wherein the allergen is calculated as der.f1 and der.f2 amounts.

In a second aspect of the present application, there is provided a method for preparing the above allergen composition, comprising preparing an allergen concentrate, preparing a BCG-CpG-DNA adjuvant and combining the allergen concentrate with a composite adjuvant.

More preferably, the allergen solution comprises der.f1 and/or der.f2.

Preferably, the preparation method comprises the following steps:

1) Directly mixing allergen stock solution, BCG-CpG-DNA and aluminum adjuvant in carrier solution;

2) In a carrier solution, firstly pre-adsorbing an allergen stock solution and an aluminum adjuvant, taking a pre-adsorbed protein solution, adding BCG-CpG-DNA into the pre-adsorbed protein solution, and uniformly mixing to complete the preparation of an allergen composition;

or,

3) The allergen composition is obtained by preparing the allergen stock solution and the BCG-CpG-DNA into freeze-dried powder and reconstructing the powder by using an aluminum adjuvant and a proper volume of carrier solution before using the powder.

Preferably, the preparation steps of the allergen stock solution include: (1) culturing working seeds containing allergen; (2) harvesting the culture: harvesting the cultured insects with density not lower than 5000 per gram; (3) purifying the insect body with purity not lower than 90%; (4) degreasing, leaching and concentrating to obtain an allergen stock solution, wherein the total protein content in the allergen stock solution is not less than 2mg/ml, or the Der.f1+Der. F2 content is not less than 400 mug/ml.

In a third aspect the present application provides the use of a vaccine as described above for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for the prevention and/or treatment of an allergic disease caused by an allergen.

Preferably, the allergic diseases include, for example, allergic conjunctivitis, allergic rhinitis, allergic asthma, atopic dermatitis, and the like.

In a fourth aspect of the application, there is provided a pharmaceutical composition comprising an allergen composition of any of the above.

Preferably, the pharmaceutical composition may be in any suitable dosage form, for example, solutions, suspensions, ointments, powders, granules, tablets, tinctures, suppositories, nebulisers, injections, nanoparticles, in particular injections.

In particular, the medicaments described in the present application may be administered by any suitable means of administration, for example, dermal administration, injectable administration, oral administration, suppository administration, nebulized spray or inhaled administration.

Specifically, the injection administration mode is selected from the following: intramuscular injection, subcutaneous injection, intravenous injection, intradermal injection.

Preferably, the pharmaceutical composition comprises pharmaceutically acceptable excipients suitable for any of the above dosage forms, for example, the excipients are selected from one or more of physiological saline, starch, dextrin, pregelatinized starch, lactose, microcrystalline cellulose, calcium sulfate, dibasic calcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, magnesium oxide, magnesium carbonate, aluminum hydroxide gel, beta-cyclodextrin, mannitol, sorbitol, methylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium hydroxymethyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl starch, low substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose, crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol, sodium dodecyl sulfate.

Preferably, the pharmaceutical composition or vaccine is useful for preventing and/or treating allergic diseases caused by allergens.

More preferably, the allergic disease includes allergic conjunctivitis, allergic rhinitis, allergic asthma, atopic dermatitis.

In a fifth aspect of the present application, there is provided a method for preventing and/or treating an allergic disease, the method comprising administering the above pharmaceutical composition to an individual suffering from an allergic disease, the allergic disease being caused by an allergen.

Preferably, the allergic disease includes allergic conjunctivitis, allergic rhinitis, allergic asthma, atopic dermatitis, and the like.

The pharmaceutical composition or the method can improve symptoms of allergic diseases, reduce serum specific IgE level, reduce allergic skin test reaction, relieve allergic symptoms such as pruritus, sneeze and the like after preventing or treating, and has good desensitizing treatment effect.

The method of the application is divided into an initial treatment stage and a maintenance treatment stage, wherein the initial stage dose is used by respectively diluting the maintenance stage dose to 1/10, 1/100, 1/1000 and 1/10000, and the dosage and the concentration are gradually increased from low concentration and small dosage until the maximum tolerance dose of the body is reached. The maintenance phase injects the first needle 2 weeks apart, then injects the second needle 4 weeks apart, finally injects the third and fourth needles 4-8 weeks apart, then injects the maintenance dose every 4-8 weeks in 3 years. In the practice of the application, the maintenance dose is the same.

Definition of terms in the present application:

the allergen, the antigenic substance that causes an allergic reaction is called allergen (allergy), and the allergic reaction, also called hypersensitivity reaction, is a specific immune reaction that appears as tissue injury or physiological dysfunction after the organism is stimulated again by the same antigen.

The beneficial technical effects of the application are as follows:

1. the allergen and the BCG-CpG-DNA are combined for use, so that complementation on an immune mechanism can be realized, and the allergen composition has stronger desensitization treatment effect through a specific and non-specific dual desensitization treatment mechanism.

2. According to the application, on the basis of the traditional aluminum adjuvant allergen vaccine, the BCG-CpG-DNA adjuvant is added, a composite adjuvant allergen composition is developed and prepared, the defects of poor desensitization effect, long treatment period, high adverse reaction incidence rate and the like of the traditional allergen vaccine are overcome, the vaccine can obviously improve the allergic symptoms of animals, reduce skin allergy, reduce the specific IgE antibody level in serum, and has better desensitization effect compared with the vaccine without adjuvant;

the foregoing is merely illustrative of some aspects of the present application and is not, nor should it be construed as limiting the application in any respect.

All patents and publications mentioned in this specification are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that certain changes may be made thereto without departing from the spirit or scope of the application.

The following examples further illustrate the application in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the application or the particular methods described herein.

Drawings

Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, wherein:

FIG. 1 shows the results of 4 weeks of symptom observation and scoring for desensitization treatment in guinea pig desensitization model one of example 2;

FIG. 2 shows the results of a 4-week skin test for desensitization treatment in guinea pig desensitization model one of example 2;

FIG. 3 shows allergic symptoms scores in guinea pig desensitization model two of example 2;

FIG. 4 shows the results of a second pilot skin test in guinea pig desensitization model example 2;

FIG. 5 shows the results of the desensitization treatment of the mice of example 3 after 3 weeks;

Detailed Description

The application will be further described with reference to specific embodiments, and advantages and features of the application will become apparent from the description. These examples are merely exemplary and do not limit the scope of the application in any way. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and substitutions of details and forms of the technical solution of the present application may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, but these changes and substitutions fall within the scope of the present application.

Example 1:

(1) Acquisition of allergen solution of dust mite

Dust mite allergen stock solution: the dust mite working seeds are taken out from the working seed warehouse, inoculated into a breathing bag containing a culture medium at the density of 500 to 4000 per gram, and cultivated in a cultivation room with the relative humidity of 70 percent plus or minus 10 percent at the temperature of 25 ℃ plus or minus 3 ℃ for 6 to 10 weeks for harvesting. Accurately weighing mite-containing cultures and calculating the density of the insects under a stereoscopic microscope. The harvesting standard is that the density of the insect bodies in the culture is not lower than 5000/g. When the culture reaches the harvest standard, the mite body is separated by using an electric sieve and then suspended and purified by using saturated saline water, and the purity of the harvest is not lower than 90%. Removing residual acetone in defatted matter in a fume hood or vacuum drying oven after degreasing mite harvest, weighing dust mite defatted worm, crushing at a feed liquid ratio of 1:10-1:50 (w/v), placing on a magnetic stirrer, stirring and leaching at 2-8deg.C for 8-24 hr. Centrifuging the dust mite leaching solution, filtering step by step with the diameter of 8-0.45 mu m to obtain allergen clarified solution, ultrafiltering the clarified solution by using a tangential flow ultrafiltration system to concentrate 1/10-1/5 of the original weight, sterilizing and filtering the ultrafiltered sample with the diameter of 0.22 mu m to obtain dust mite allergen stock solution, wherein the total protein content is not less than 2mg/ml, or the Der.f1+Der2 content is not less than 400 mu g/ml. And (3) preparing a stock solution which is used for preparing the composition after being qualified through verification, wherein the stock solution comprises der.f1 and der.f2.

(2) Acquisition of BCG-CpG-DNA adjuvant

BCG-CpG-DNA adjuvant: the preparation method comprises the following steps: inoculating the bacillus calmette guerin strain into potato culture medium, culturing at 37deg.C for 15 days, transferring into modified liquid culture medium, and culturing at 37deg.C for 14-20 days. When the thalli grows to the logarithmic phase, collecting the bacterial film, adding a proper amount of deionized distilled water for washing, and weighing after pressing to dryness. Mixing the collected thalli with deionized distilled water according to the ratio of 1g/ml, and mashing the thalli with a tissue homogenizer to obtain a thalli lysate. Diluting the broken thallus lysate with deionized distilled water to 200mg/ml concentration, centrifuging at 12000rpm/min at 4deg.C with high-speed refrigerated centrifuge twice for 15 min each time, collecting supernatant, diluting the supernatant with eluting buffer solution for 1 times, and filtering with 1.0-1.2 μm filter. Isolation of BCG-CpG-DNA in the supernatant was performed using a Q Sepharose HP ion exchange column: loading buffer (0.5M sodium chloride, 50mM sodium phosphate buffer, pH 7.5), elution buffer (1M sodium chloride, 50mM sodium phosphate buffer, pH 7.5), 7CV of 50% elution buffer followed by 2CV of 100% elution buffer was stable by conductivity and uv detection, and the 100% elution buffer peak was collected as an isolated BCG-CpG-DNA component, concentrated and diluted to a concentration of 1mg/ml with 0.067M PBS buffer, and after verification, was BCG-CpG-DNA adjuvant, and used in the following assay (see application No. CN201911035600.0, incorporated herein by reference in its entirety as part of the present application).

(3) Method for preparing allergen composition

And respectively adding a certain amount of the dust mite allergen solution, the BCG-CpG-DNA adjuvant and the aluminum hydroxide adjuvant into a certain volume of carrier solution, and fully and uniformly mixing.

Example 2: application of allergen composition in allergic rhinitis guinea pig desensitization treatment

In the embodiment, on the basis of establishing a dust mite sensitized guinea pig rhinitis model, the additive amount of the antigen and the adjuvant is preliminarily determined by evaluating the desensitization curative effect of different antigen and adjuvant complexes on the guinea pig model, so that support is provided for determining the effective dose of the antigen and the adjuvant in the dust mite allergen composition.

1. Guinea pig desensitization model one

1. Guinea pig allergic rhinitis model establishment

4 μg of the dust mite allergen solution was mixed with 3% aluminum hydroxide suspension to prepare antigen-adjuvant suspension, which was sensitized by subcutaneous injection on days 0 and 7, respectively. After the end of sensitization, the nasal challenge was stopped for 1 week, and 12 μg of antigen was given daily beginning on day 15, 1 time a day, 200 μl once, for 7 days. After the 7 th nasal drop excitation, the nasal obstruction, sneeze times, nasal secretion amount and asthma symptoms of the guinea pigs within 30min are recorded, and the superposition quantitative score method is adopted for scoring according to the sign scoring judgment standard, and the total score is more than or equal to 5, so that the modeling is successful.

TABLE 1 guinea pig allergy symptom scoring criteria

Note that: any symptom in the table of appearance of the reaction symptoms of the guinea pigs after excitation corresponds to the score, and the score of accumulated allergic symptoms is the total score.

2. Desensitization treatment

2-1: grouping

Animals were randomly divided into 5 groups,

1 is normal control group: does not make any treatment

2 is sensitization group: after modeling, the physiological saline treatment is carried out,

3 pure antigen treatment group: after modeling, antigen desensitization treatment is adopted,

4 is antigen+composite adjuvant treatment group, and antigen+Bc01+Al adjuvant desensitization treatment after modeling

5 is a control group of simple BC01 adjuvant (namely BCG-CpG-DNA adjuvant), and the desensitization treatment of the simple BC01 adjuvant is carried out after modeling.

4 per group. Details are shown in Table 2.

Table 2: grouping and treatment of animals in model one

Note that: the allergen liquid sensitization and desensitization dose of the dust mites are calculated by the Derf 1+Derf2 content.

2-2 [ treatment step ]

Different volumes of the allergen solution of the dust mites, al (OH) were prepared according to the above table ₃ And BCG-CpG-DNA adjuvant (BC 01) stock solution are directly mixed and vibrated in physiological saline to prepare antigen diluent or antigen-adjuvant suspension. Each treatment group was subcutaneously injected with 0.5ml of the drug for desensitization treatment, and the sensitization group was given a corresponding volume of physiological saline treatment. Treatment ofThe treatment procedure was 1 injection every 3 days, and drug efficacy evaluation was performed after 4 weeks of treatment.

2-3 [ results ]

The results of the continuous 7 nasal drop shots after 4 weeks of guinea pig treatment are shown in fig. 1 ("x" indicates that p < 0.05; "x" indicates that p < 0.01; "#" indicates that p < 0.05; "x") is compared to the sensitized group, and each of the other guinea pigs except the normal control group has a significant allergic symptom observed, wherein the sensitized group has a symptom score greater than 5, the simple antigen treatment group has no significant difference in symptom score from the sensitized group over 4 weeks of continuous desensitization treatment, and the antigen+bc01+al treatment group has a significant decrease in symptom score from the sensitized group over 4 weeks of desensitization treatment, indicating that the guinea pig allergic symptoms are significantly improved over 4 weeks of desensitization treatment, notably that the antigen+bc01+al has a significant decrease in symptom score (p < 0.05) over the simple antigen treatment group.

The results of the skin test on the guinea pigs of each group were shown in FIG. 2 ("" represents the comparison between the two groups, p < 0.05) (the bar graph from left to right at each concentration is respectively a sensitized group, an antigen group, an antigen+Bc01+Al group and a BC01 group), the diameter of erythema is reduced in the skin test solution of different concentrations in the single antigen treatment group compared with the sensitized group, but there is no statistical difference, and the symptom score of the antigen+Bc01+Al treatment group is significantly reduced compared with the sensitized group, thus indicating that the composition can improve skin delayed allergic reaction of the guinea pigs, and the average reaction diameter of the normal control group is 0mm, which is not shown in the figure. The above demonstrates that the allergen composition-containing complex adjuvant-treated group had better desensitization than the antigen-only treated group.

2. Guinea pig desensitization model two

1. The disease animal model was identical to guinea pig desensitization model one.

2. Desensitization treatment: 2-1 [ grouping ]

Animals were randomly divided into 5 groups, 1 as normal control group, 2 as sensitized group, 3 as antigen alone treatment group, 4 as antigen+Bc01+Al adjuvant treatment group, 5 as BC01 alone adjuvant control group, 4 per group, as detailed in Table 3 below.

Table 3: grouping and treatment of animals in model two

Note that: the allergen stock sensitization and the challenge fluid dosages were calculated as Der f 1+ Der f 2 content. .

2-2 treatment procedure was identical to guinea pig desensitization model one

2-3 [ results ]

After 4 weeks of guinea pig treatment, 7 consecutive nasal drop shots were performed, and the results are shown in fig. 3 and 4. Except for the normal control group, allergic symptoms can be observed in all groups of guinea pigs, wherein the symptom score of the sensitized group is greater than 5, and the symptom score of each treatment group is reduced after 4 weeks of continuous desensitization treatment, wherein the symptom score of the pure antigen and the pure adjuvant treatment group is not significantly different from that of the sensitized group, the symptom score of the antigen+Bc01+Al is significantly different from that of the sensitized group (p < 0.01), and the symptom score is significantly reduced compared with that of the pure antigen treatment group (p < 0.05).

The skin test results are shown in fig. 4 (shown in the figure, the bar graph from left to right at each concentration is a sensitized group, an antigen group, an antigen+Bc01+Al group and a BC01 group in sequence), when the skin test solution concentration is 800ng/ml, the skin test erythema of guinea pigs of the antigen group and the antigen+Bc01+Al group is smaller than that of the sensitized group, but only the difference of the antigen+Bc01+Al group is significant compared with that of the sensitized group; the same is true when the skin test solution concentration is 160ng/ml and 32 ng/ml. Combining the allergic symptom scoring results, the antigen and the compound adjuvant composition in the dosage can enhance the desensitization effect of the antigen.

Example 3: use of allergen composition in desensitization treatment of allergic rhinitis mice

1. Establishment of allergic rhinitis model of mice

Antigen-adjuvant suspensions were prepared from 2 μg of the dust mite allergen complex 3% aluminum hydroxide adjuvant suspension. Subcutaneous injections of 0.1ml of sensitization were made on days 0, 3, and 7, respectively. At the end of sensitization, 10. Mu.g of the mite allergen (20. Mu.l) was given daily nasal drop challenge to the model group and 10. Mu.l each nostril, and the negative control was given daily nasal challenge with the same volume of saline drops for 7 days after 1 week of rest. After the 7 th nasal drop challenge, video recordings were taken of the mice for 30min for nasal pruritus, sneezing and other allergic symptoms. The sign scoring reference standard is shown in Table 4, and the sign scoring is carried out by adopting a superposition quantitative score method, and the total score is more than or equal to 5, so that the modeling is successful.

TABLE 4 mice allergy symptom scoring criteria

2. Desensitization treatment

2-1 [ grouping ]

SPF-class female BALB/c mice, 6-8 weeks old, weighing 18-22g. The animals were randomly divided into 5 groups, 1 was a normal control group, 2 was a sensitized group, 3 was an antigen treatment group, 4 was an antigen+composite adjuvant treatment group, 5 was a simple BC01 adjuvant control group, and the animals were pre-cultured for 1 week for the experiment. Animal feeding environment: temperature: 18-24 ℃, relative humidity: 60-80%, and the light and shade alternation time is 12h/12h.

Table 5: grouping and treatment of animals

2-2 [ treatment step ]

The desensitization treatment is carried out by adopting a subcutaneous injection mode according to the antigen and adjuvant formula in the table, and the immunization program is divided into: treatment was performed 1 time per week, and evaluation was performed 3 weeks after immunization.

3. Evaluation of drug efficacy

3.1 allergy symptom observation and scoring

The model group was given 10 μg of the dust mite allergen (20 μl) nasal drop challenge per day, 10 μl of each nostril drop, and the negative control was given the same volume of saline drop nasal challenge per day for 7 days. After the 7 th nasal drop challenge, video recordings were taken of the mice for 30min for nasal pruritus, sneezing and other allergic symptoms. The sign scoring reference criteria are shown in Table 4 and are scored using superposition quantization scoring. 3.2 serum specific IgE level detection

The mice of each group were collected before and after challenge, and serum-specific IgE levels were measured as follows:

(1) Preparing a test solution: washing liquid: 100ml of 10 XPBST was taken and 900ml of purified water was added to obtain the final product.

Sealing liquid: weighing 3g of bovine serum albumin, and dissolving in 100ml of washing liquid to obtain the bovine serum albumin.

(2) Coating: the antigen coating liquid is added into the ELISA plate to 100 mu l/hole, the sealing film is sealed, and the mixture is placed at 2-8 ℃ overnight (16-18 h).

(3) Closing: taking out the ELISA plate, washing the plate, washing for 3 times, slightly beating to dry, adding 200 mu l/hole of sealing liquid, sealing the sealing film, and incubating for 2h in a water bath at 37 ℃;

(4) Incubation resistance: taking out the ELISA plate, washing the plate for 3 times, lightly tapping and drying, diluting the serum with a sealing liquid according to the proportion of 1:200, adding 100 mu l of diluted serum into the ELISA plate, sealing each hole, and incubating for 2 hours in a 37 ℃ water bath kettle.

(5) Secondary antibody incubation: taking out the ELISA plate, washing the plate for 3 times, lightly tapping and drying, diluting the ELISA secondary antibody with a sealing liquid according to the proportion of 1:2000, adding 100 mu l of the ELISA plate into each hole, sealing the sealing film, and incubating for 1h in a water bath kettle at 25 ℃.

(6) Color development: taking out the ELISA plate, washing the plate for 3 times, lightly tapping and drying, adding TMB single-component color development liquid, placing 100 mu l of each hole, and developing color for 5min in a light-proof environment;

(7) And (3) terminating: after the color development is finished, adding a stop solution, and stopping the reaction by 50 mu l of each hole;

(8) Reading: the microplate reader was placed in an microplate reader and absorbance was read at 450nm with a wavelength of 650nm as a reference wavelength. 3-2 results:

the results after 3 weeks of treatment are shown in fig. 5, and from the observation and scoring results of allergic symptoms, the symptoms of the antigen-only treatment group are significantly improved (p < 0.05) compared with the sensitized group, the symptoms of the antigen+bc01+al treatment group are significantly improved compared with the sensitized group, the difference is extremely significant (p < 0.001), and the symptoms of the antigen-only treatment group are also significantly reduced (p < 0.05) compared with the antigen-only treatment group.

From the serum specific IgE levels before and after the challenge, there was a significant difference in IgE levels before and after the challenge in the sensitized group, and in the treated group, there was a significant difference in IgE levels before and after the challenge in the antigen alone and the BC01 alone, whereas there was no significant difference in IgE before and after the challenge in the antigen+bc01+al treated group, indicating that the mice in the group had developed immune tolerance.

The desensitization effect of the antigen+Bc01+Al treatment group is superior to that of the single antigen and the single adjuvant treatment group in combination with the current serum specificity IgE and symptom observation results.

The preferred embodiments of the present application have been described in detail above, but the present application is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present application within the scope of the technical concept of the present application, and all the simple modifications belong to the protection scope of the present application.

In addition, the specific features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations are not described further.

Moreover, any combination of the various embodiments of the application can be made without departing from the spirit of the application, which should also be considered as disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. An allergen composition comprising a complex adjuvant and an allergen, wherein the complex adjuvant comprises BCG-CpG-DNA and an aluminum adjuvant.

2. The allergen composition according to claim 1, wherein the allergen has a total protein to aluminium adjuvant weight ratio of 1: (1-10), wherein the weight ratio of the BCG-CpG-DNA to the aluminum adjuvant is (5-1): (1-5) and/or the weight ratio of the allergen to the BCG-CpG-DNA adjuvant is 1 (1-60).

3. The allergen composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the allergen composition comprises 1% -30% allergen, 20% -80% BCG-CpG-DNA adjuvant and 15% -50% aluminium adjuvant, preferably the allergen composition comprises 0.5-500 μg allergen, 5-500 μg BCG-CpG-DNA adjuvant and 5-500 μg aluminium adjuvant.

4. An allergen composition according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the allergen is selected from any allergen, such as mite allergen, preferably artemisia allergen comprising a source from the group of dust mites, house dust mites or a combination of both, preferably the mite allergen comprises a plurality of allergen proteins Der f, der p, more preferably the allergen proteins comprise at least Der f 1 and Der f 2.

5. The method of preparing an allergen composition according to any one of claims 1-4, comprising the preparation of an allergen solution, the preparation of a BCG-CpG-DNA adjuvant, and the allergen solution being compatible with a compound adjuvant.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the allergen solution, the BCG-CpG-DNA and the aluminum adjuvant are directly mixed and formulated in a carrier solution.

7. Use of an allergen composition according to any one of claims 1-6 for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for the prevention and/or treatment of allergic diseases, characterized in that said allergic diseases are caused by allergens.

8. The use according to claim 7, wherein the allergic diseases comprise allergic conjunctivitis, allergic rhinitis, allergic asthma, atopic dermatitis, and the like.

9. A pharmaceutical composition comprising the allergen composition of any one of claims 1-6.

10. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 9, wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprises pharmaceutically acceptable excipients suitable for any dosage form.