CN117179168A - Local pig feed based on wild buckwheat rhizome fermented product in Qian and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Local pig feed based on wild buckwheat rhizome fermented product in Qian and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of novel feed and preparation. The invention provides a preparation method of local pig feed based on wild buckwheat rhizome fermentation, which comprises a feed additive and basic feed; the feed additive is prepared by taking a mixture of kiwi fruits and cooked tuber crops, wild buckwheat rhizome water extract residues and wild buckwheat rhizome alcohol extract residues as fermentation substrates, and taking a mixture of bacillus subtilis (YDC-001) and bacillus amyloliquefaciens cd5bc as fermentation microorganisms through fermentation. The invention can obviously promote the growth of the cola pigs, shorten the slaughtering period, and simultaneously can obviously reduce the incidence rate and improve the intramuscular fat content; the invention solves the problems of high cost and poor palatability of traditional Chinese medicine feed additives and chemical medicine feed additives in the prior art, and simultaneously can efficiently recycle the wild buckwheat rhizome extraction residue waste, thereby having good industrial application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to novel feeds and preparation technology, relates to novel feeds which are free of antibiotics, promote growth, prevent diseases and improve the meat quality of livestock and poultry, and in particular relates to local pig feeds based on wild buckwheat fermentation products and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, the disadvantage of large-scale livestock breeding of antibiotics is increasingly remarkable, and the antibiotics are mainly concentrated on the condition that the antibiotics are difficult to absorb and decompose in livestock bodies, and when the livestock manure is not effectively treated, the environment pollution is easily caused.
In publication 194 issued by the agricultural rural area, it is required that the feed producer stop producing commercial feeds containing growth-promoting pharmaceutical feed additives (excluding chinese medicines) from 7/1/2020. Based on the above, at least one of the purposes of realizing the replacement of antibiotics is needed in the research and development of the novel feed, namely, the novel feed can well prevent and treat epidemic diseases of livestock and effectively promote the growth and development of the livestock without adding antibiotics.
At present, livestock feeds meeting the standard are mainly focused on feeds containing traditional Chinese medicine additives and feeds containing chemical medicines. However, whether it is a traditional Chinese medicine or a western medicine, health problems are easy to occur after long-term consumption, and even some medicines are definitely not suitable for long-term consumption. In addition, a significant portion of drugs have the problem of poor palatability.
The present inventors have made efforts for many years to obtain preliminary results in the preparation of novel feeds which are free of antibiotics and which are effective in promoting growth and improving quality by using microbial fermentation technology. For example, in the Chinese patent with the publication number of CN112273326B, the inventor adopts Aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) Z-9 to ferment the crowndaisy chrysanthemum and the cooked potatoes, and the special raising method is matched, so that the raising level of local pigs in Guizhou is obviously improved; for another example, in the chinese patent of invention, issued CN112715763B, the inventor group fermented hawthorn powder and cooked potatoes with aspergillus niger Aspergillus nigerYM33182, and matched with its specific feeding method, increased intramuscular fat content and increased growth level of the pigs from jiang; for another example, in the chinese patent of invention, issued CN112335606B, the inventor team fermented crowndaisy chrysanthemum and cooked potato, grape seed and cooked potato with aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) Z-9 and aspergillus niger Aspergillus nigerYM33182, respectively, and matched with its specific feeding method, significantly improved daily gain of Guizhou local pigs from Jiangxiang pigs after weaning, and significantly reduced incidence of diarrhea.
In the three patents, the inventor groups find that the product obtained by fermenting some plants by adopting specific microorganisms as zymophytes can effectively replace antibiotic-containing feeds and even realize the effects which are difficult to realize by the traditional antibiotic-containing feeds. Thus, the inventor believes that the microbial preparation and fermentation preparation technology is expected to be used for developing novel feeds and solving the defects of traditional Chinese medicine feed additives and chemical medicine feed additives.
However, the group of inventors also found that the functional impact of the fermentation products of different crops on the feed is enormous, for example in CN112335606B, the inventors found that the functional differences of the fermentation products of different substrates are large, even some fermentation products (like hawkthorn fermentates) can also have an adverse effect on the growth of livestock. This also makes the research of the novel feed in this respect difficult. In addition, since the research of novel feeds in the present direction has been started, there are very few studies on fermenting microorganisms, and how to select suitable fermenting microorganisms and fermenting substrates is a challenge for the research. For example, in an invention patent (accession number: 202211414308.1) filed based on another study by the inventors, the inventors found that fermenting blumea balsamifera extract residue (water extract residue and alcohol extract residue) with Aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) Z-9 and Aspergillus niger Aspergillus nigerYM33182 as fermentation broth and producing the corresponding feeds had no significant effect on daily gain. This shows that fermenting microorganisms that are effective on one fermentation substrate for the same technical purpose are often not suitable for another fermentation substrate.
The Fagopyrum cymosum belongs to the family of Polygonaceae, and belongs to perennial herbaceous plants. In the technical field of livestock breeding, the Chinese herbal medicine is mainly used as a Chinese herbal medicine component to prepare corresponding veterinary medicines and feed additives for use. For example Yang Wenhai et al in their paper use of forage natural plants in pig farming [1] The value of the wild buckwheat rhizome acting as a veterinary drug is introduced; deng Rong et al in its invention patent application CN104757272a provide a veterinary drug formulation with wild buckwheat as one of the pharmaceutically active ingredients as a feed additive. In addition, direct feeding of wild buckwheat rhizome as a substitute for feed has been studied, as in Zhang Jie, test of weight gain effect of feeding fattening pigs with wild buckwheat rhizome instead of partial concentrate [2] And experiment of weight gaining effect of Tibetan pigs fed by fresh stem and leaf of Fagopyrum Qian golden Fagopyrum 1 [3] Feed value evaluation of Qian golden buckwheat No.1 on local pigs in Guizhou province [4] Is reported in the literature. In short, in the aspect of preparing corresponding feed or feed additive by using wild buckwheat, at present, the wild buckwheat is taken as a nutrient substance or is prepared into a traditional Chinese medicine prescription with other traditional Chinese medicines based on the traditional Chinese medicine theory. Obviously, such techniques remain to take advantage of the natural nutritional and medicinal functions of wild buckwheat and cannot be further developed.
Since Fagopyrum cymosum is a traditional Chinese medicine, it is cool in nature, pungent and bitter in taste, and has the effects of clearing heat and detoxicating, activating blood and dissolving stasis, and invigorating spleen and promoting diuresis. Therefore, wild buckwheat rhizome is often used for preparing corresponding traditional Chinese medicine medicines, for example, by a hydrothermal extraction method or an alcohol extraction method, and the obtained extraction residues are usually discarded as waste, so that garbage disposal cost or environmental pollution is generated. Therefore, if the golden buckwheat rhizome extract residues are used for preparing the feed, the method has obvious cost advantages compared with traditional Chinese medicine feed additives and chemical medicine feed additives.
Ke Lezhu is produced in the counties of Chapter, weining and the like in Pijie City of Guizhou, and the fur is completely black or brown yellow, and part of pigs have the characteristics of frontal white, tail tip white, four hoof white and the like, and are raw materials of the traditional Xuanwei ham, and the meat quality Q is soft, glutinous, fine and mellow. The fattening period of the cola pigs is usually about 10 months, and the weight of the cola pigs in the slaughter is about 100 kg. At present, the breeding research of the Kole pigs is relatively few, and reports on general growth characteristics of the Kole pigs are mainly seen in research on growth and development of the Kole pigs and carcass meat quality change laws [5] 。
In view of the above, there is a need in the art for a novel feed which uses wild buckwheat rhizome extract residue as a raw material, overcomes the disadvantages of complex formulation and high price of traditional Chinese medicine feed additives, and can effectively promote the growth of cola pigs and reduce the occurrence of diseases.
[1] Yang Wenhai, zhou Qi, shao Zhiyong, etc. the use of a feedable natural plant in pig farming [ J ]. Hubei agricultural science, 2019,58 (24): 4.
[2] Zhang Jie, deng Rong, yang Fang, etc. weight gain effect test of fattening pigs fed with Fagopyrum cymosum instead of partial concentrate [ J ]. Guizhou livestock veterinarian 2014,38 (004): 13-15.
[3] Zhang Jie A, deng Rong A, xu Zhonghui A, li Lina A, zhang Dinggong A Tibetan pig weight gain effect test [ J ] is carried out by feeding Tibetan pig with fresh stem and leaf of Fagopyrum cymosum No.1, 2017 (3): 17-18.
[4] Shi Kaizhi, zhang Xiong, du Chunlin, evaluation of feed value of local pigs in Guizhou province, et al, fagopyrum cymosum No.1, feed research 2020,43 (7): 3.
[5] Chen Yong Coke pig growth and development and carcass meat quality change law study [ D ]. University of Guizhou, 2021.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the existing defects, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of pig feed based on wild buckwheat rhizome fermentation products. The pig feed prepared by the method can promote the growth of the cola pigs, shorten the slaughtering period, obviously reduce the disease incidence and improve the intramuscular fat content.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of local pig feed based on wild buckwheat fermentation product comprises the steps of forming a pig feed based on wild buckwheat fermentation product by a feed additive and a basic feed;
the feed additive is prepared by taking a mixture of kiwi fruits and cooked tuber crops, wild buckwheat rhizome water extract residues and wild buckwheat rhizome alcohol extract residues as fermentation substrates, and taking a mixture of bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) YDC-001 and bacillus amyloliquefaciens cd5bc as fermentation microorganisms through fermentation;
wherein, the bacterial concentration ratio of the bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) YDC-001 and the bacillus amyloliquefaciens cd5bc is 8:1 when the bacillus subtilis is used as a fermenting microorganism for fermentation inoculation;
the preservation number of the bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) YDC-001 is CCTCC NO: M201028;
the preservation number of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens cd5bc is CCTCC NO: M2016232;
the wild buckwheat rhizome water extraction slag is a slag phase obtained by extracting wild buckwheat rhizome whole herb serving as an extraction substrate and water serving as an extraction reagent; the wild buckwheat rhizome alcohol extraction slag is a slag phase obtained by extracting wild buckwheat rhizome whole herb serving as an extraction substrate and ethanol serving as an extraction reagent;
the local pig is a cola pig.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the weight ratio of the wild buckwheat rhizome water extraction residue to the wild buckwheat rhizome alcohol extraction residue is 3-5:1; in the mixture of the kiwi fruits and the cooked tuber crops, the weight ratio of the kiwi fruits to the cooked tuber crops is 1:2-3.
As one embodiment of the invention, the mixture of the bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) YDC-001 and the bacillus amyloliquefaciens cd5bc is inoculated with 2 percent of inoculation amount.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the tuber crops are potatoes, and the feed additive accounts for 2-8% of the total weight of the feed.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the weight ratio of the mixture of the wild buckwheat rhizome water extraction residues and the wild buckwheat rhizome alcohol extraction residues to the kiwi fruits and the cooked tuber crops is 2:1.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the fermentation temperature is 32-35 ℃ and the fermentation time is 36 hours during fermentation.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the golden buckwheat rhizome alcohol extraction residues are cleaned by clear water before fermentation.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the wild buckwheat is Qian Zhong wild buckwheat.
As an implementation scheme of the invention, when the wild buckwheat rhizome water extraction residue is prepared, the wild buckwheat rhizome whole herb is crushed, water which is 20 times of the weight of the wild buckwheat rhizome whole herb is added for reflux extraction twice, the extraction time is 2 hours, and the extraction liquid is filtered to keep the residue phase; during preparation, the wild buckwheat rhizome ethanol extraction residues are prepared by crushing wild buckwheat rhizome whole herbs, adding an ethanol aqueous solution with the volume fraction of 60% which is 10 times of the weight of the wild buckwheat rhizome whole herbs, carrying out reflux extraction twice, wherein the extraction time of each time is 1 hour, filtering the extraction solution, and keeping a residue phase.
The invention also aims at providing the pig feed prepared by the preparation method.
In the present invention, the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens cd5bc used in the prior art was mainly used for controlling pathogenic bacteria of capsicum sclerotium disease, cucumber fusarium wilt, huang Heixing disease, rice blast, rice sheath blight, red spot of broad bean, brown spot of broad bean, red spot of broad bean and brown spot of broad bean, which was originally disclosed in CN 105907683A. In addition, CN114365749A is used for preventing and treating tobacco root black rot and black shank and improving properties and quality.
In the initial stage of the research of the present invention, the present invention has been to prepare a feed additive by fermenting wild buckwheat rhizome extract residues (water extract residues and alcohol extract residues) by using fermentation microorganisms, namely Aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) Z-9 and Aspergillus niger Aspergillus niger YM33182, which have been adopted by the group of the inventors, but none of them has been found to have a growth promoting effect on cola pigs. Thereafter, the mixture of Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) YDC-001 and Aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) Z-9, which was used in the patent of the invention (accession number 202211414308.1) filed by the inventors before, was also used as a fermenting microorganism, and the effect of promoting the growth of Ke Le pigs was not obtained.
Based on the above, the inventors conducted a large amount of research work on preparing feeds by fermenting wild buckwheat rhizome extract with fermenting microorganisms, and screened a large amount of fermenting microorganisms. Surprisingly, when a mixture of bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) YDC-001 and bacillus amyloliquefaciens cd5bc is used as the fermenting microorganism, and a mixture of kiwi fruits and cooked tuber crops, wild buckwheat rhizome water extract residue and wild buckwheat rhizome alcohol extract residue are used as the fermenting substrates, very obvious effects of promoting growth and reducing the occurrence rate of diseases can be obtained. The inventor also detects meat quality by encouraging, and discovers that the intramuscular fat content can be well improved.
Based on the above results, the inventors further examined the use of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens cd5bc as a starter microorganism for the preparation of feeds by the interaction with Aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) Z-9 and Aspergillus niger Aspergillus nigerYM 33182. Unfortunately, however, fermentation was not successfully started after the interaction with aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) Z-9, probably because the two microorganisms were mutually inhibited in terms of growth; and after being matched with Aspergillus niger Aspergillus nigerYM33182, the compound has no obvious growth promoting effect on cola pigs.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention can obviously promote the growth of the cola pigs, shorten the slaughtering period, and simultaneously can obviously reduce the incidence rate and improve the intramuscular fat content; the invention solves the problems of high cost and poor palatability of traditional Chinese medicine feed additives and chemical medicine feed additives in the prior art, and simultaneously can efficiently recycle the wild buckwheat rhizome extraction residue waste, thereby having good industrial application prospect.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below by way of examples, which are necessary to be pointed out herein for further illustration of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, since numerous insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the invention will occur to those skilled in the art in light of the foregoing disclosure.
The wild buckwheat rhizome water extraction residue is a residue phase obtained by extracting wild buckwheat rhizome whole herb serving as an extraction substrate and water serving as an extraction reagent; the wild buckwheat rhizome alcohol extraction slag is a slag phase obtained by extracting wild buckwheat rhizome whole herb serving as an extraction substrate and ethanol serving as an extraction reagent.
As a specific scheme of the invention, when the wild buckwheat rhizome water extraction residue is prepared, wild buckwheat rhizome whole herb is crushed, water which is 20 times of the weight of the wild buckwheat rhizome whole herb is added for reflux extraction twice, the extraction time is 2 hours each time, the extraction liquid is filtered, and the residue phase is reserved; during preparation, the wild buckwheat rhizome ethanol extraction residues are prepared by crushing wild buckwheat rhizome whole herbs, adding an ethanol aqueous solution with the volume fraction of 60% which is 10 times of the weight of the wild buckwheat rhizome whole herbs, carrying out reflux extraction twice, wherein the extraction time of each time is 1 hour, filtering the extraction solution, and keeping a residue phase. Unless otherwise stated, the wild buckwheat rhizome alcohol extraction residues are cleaned by clear water to remove residual ethanol in the residues.
In the invention, the bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) YDC-001 is an existing strain, and the preservation number is CCTCC NO: M201028; bacillus amyloliquefaciens cd5bc is an existing strain, and the preservation number is CCTCC NO: M2016232; all are commercially available. Aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) Z-9 is an existing strain with the deposit number: CGMCC No.11130. Aspergillus niger Aspergillus nigerYM33182 is an existing strain with accession number: cctccc No. M206H3.
The wild buckwheat in the following examples is Qian Zhong wild buckwheat.
Example 1
Mixing the wild buckwheat rhizome water extraction residues and the wild buckwheat rhizome alcohol extraction residues according to the weight ratio of 3:1 to obtain an extraction residue mixture, mixing the culture solution of bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) YDC-001 and bacillus amyloliquefaciens cd5bc according to the concentration ratio of 8:1 to obtain inoculated bacteria, and mixing the whole kiwi fruits and the mashed potatoes according to the weight ratio of 1:3 to obtain a kiwi fruit potato mixture; mixing the extraction residue mixture with the kiwi fruit potato mixture according to the weight ratio of 2:1 to obtain a fermentation substrate. Adding sterile water into a fermentation substrate to ensure that the solid-liquid weight ratio is 3:1, inoculating and fermenting with inoculating bacteria with the inoculum concentration of 2%, fermenting at the temperature of 30-32 ℃ for 36 hours, taking a fermentation product, performing filter pressing and low-temperature (30-35 ℃) air drying, and controlling the water content to be 18-22% (w/w).
The fermented product is used as feed additive.
Example 2
The procedure of example 1 was followed except that the weight ratio of the wild buckwheat rhizome aqueous extract to the wild buckwheat rhizome alcoholic extract was 5:1, and the weight ratio of the whole kiwi fruit to the mashed potato was 1:2.
Example 3
The procedure of example 1 was followed except that the weight ratio of the wild buckwheat rhizome aqueous extract to the wild buckwheat rhizome alcoholic extract was 4:1, and the weight ratio of the whole kiwi fruit to the mashed potato was 2:5.
Experimental example 1
Experimental animals: weaned Ke Lezhu piglets raised locally in Shangshi county
Basic feed formula (w/w): 58% of corn, 10% of broken rice, 10% of bran, 10% of soybean meal, 8% of fish meal, 2.5% of green fodder, 0.5% of calcium carbonate, 0.5% of calcium phosphate and 0.5% of salt.
The fermented product obtained in example 1 was added as a feed additive to a basic feed formulation in an amount of 4% (w/w) to obtain an experimental group feed.
The weaning day of the test animals, namely 40 piglets of Cola pigs, is the 28 th day of birth and feeding breast milk, and is divided into 2 groups, wherein each group is 20 piglets of a basic feed group (feeding basic feed) and an experimental group (feeding experimental group feed), the feeding time is 28 days, and the feeding time is two times a day (enough to feed freely), and free drinking water is adopted to examine the daily weight increase condition.
As shown in table 1, the daily gain can be significantly improved by feeding the experimental group feed after weaning. This indicates that the fermented product of example 1 can promote the growth of cola pigs as a feed additive.
On the basis, the additive addition amounts are changed to 2% (w/w), 6% (w/w) and 8% (w/w), the same feeding mode is adopted for research, and the number of tested piglets with each additive amount is 20, which are respectively named as an experimental group 2, an experimental group 3 and an experimental group 4. It is found that a good growth promoting effect can be obtained. The experimental results are also shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
As shown in Table 1, when the fermented product of example 1 was used as an additive, the growth-promoting effect obtained at an additive amount of 4% was optimal. After the addition amount exceeds 4%, the effect on daily gain is not obvious.
Typically, local farmhouse feed (60 w/w% rice bran, 30w/w% corn flour and 10w/w% when Ji Guoshu) is used to feed cola pigs for a slaughter period of typically 10 months, typically with a weight of 90-100 kg. In the present invention, when the increase in body weight is less than 2.5 kg within 2 months after a certain time, the time can be regarded as the out-of-column time.
The feeding schemes of each group in Table 1 were used to examine the column discharge period, and the results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
Note that: the feed formula of the farm feed group is as follows: 60w/w% rice bran, 30w/w% corn flour and 10w/w% beta Ji Guoshu (during feeding, kiwi fruit was used as beta Ji Guoshu for one month)
As shown in Table 2, the invention has obvious growth promoting effect, so that the marketing period of the Kohler pigs can be obviously shortened, and the marketing period is reduced from 10 months to 8 months.
Respectively taking 50 weaned Kohler pigs as a control group 1 and a control group 2, respectively feeding only basic feed and the farmyard feed, selecting 100 weaned Kohler pigs as an experimental group, feeding the experimental group feed (the experimental period is 1-90 days after weaning), and observing diarrhea incidence and intramuscular fat content. The results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 Table 3
As shown in the results of Table 3, the diarrhea incidence of the weaned pigs of the Ke Le Zhu can be remarkably reduced.
Based on the above results, the inventors further examined the Ke Lezhu day weight gain using the same experimental protocol, using the farmyard feed as the basal feed and the product obtained in example 1 as the feed additive (4 w/w%). The results are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 Table 4
Experimental example 2
In the research process, a plurality of fumbling experiments are carried out, and in order to better understand the invention, the related fumbling experiments are described below.
1. Effect of wild buckwheat extraction residue on growth promotion:
extraction residue group 1: in preparing the feed, the procedure of example 1 was followed except that only the mixture of the wild buckwheat rhizome extract and the kiwi fruit potato was used in a weight ratio of 2:1.
Extraction residue group 2: in preparing the feed, the procedure of example 1 was followed except that only the mixture of the wild buckwheat rhizome extract and the kiwi fruit potato was used in a weight ratio of 2:1.
For both groups, the daily gain was examined using the experimental protocol of example 1, and the results are shown in table 5.
TABLE 5
As shown in Table 4, neither the wild buckwheat rhizome aqueous extract nor the alcohol extract was effective in promoting growth of cola pigs, unlike previous studies by the group of inventors. The reason for this result may be that the fermentation product produced by fermenting the substance having poor water solubility and alcohol solubility by the fermenting microorganism of the present invention is a key to promoting the growth of cola pigs.
2. Influence of fermenting microorganisms
In preparing the feed, the procedure was as in example 1 except that the inoculant was replaced with Aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) Z-9 and Aspergillus niger Aspergillus nigerYM33182, respectively. The growth promoting effect was examined by the same protocol as in example 1, and it was found that the weight gain at the first two weeks of weaning did not exceed 210g/d and the weight gain at the second two weeks after weaning did not exceed 250g/d, relative to the basal feed group.
In addition, after the inoculating strain was replaced with a composition (strain concentration ratio 1:8) of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens cd5bc and Aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) Z-9, fermentation could not be started. The two groups of microorganisms are co-cultured by a microorganism co-culture technology, and the two groups of microorganisms are found to have growth inhibition conditions.
After the inoculating strain was replaced with a composition of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens cd5bc and Aspergillus niger Aspergillus nigerYM33182 (strain concentration ratio 1:8) on the basis of example 1, the growth-promoting effect was examined by the same procedure as in example 1, and it was found that the weight gain was not more than 220g/d for the first two weeks of weaning and 260g/d for the second two weeks of weaning, relative to the basal feed group.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of local pig feed based on wild buckwheat rhizome fermentation product is characterized in that the pig feed based on wild buckwheat rhizome fermentation product consists of a feed additive and a basic feed;
the feed additive is prepared by taking a mixture of kiwi fruits and cooked tuber crops, wild buckwheat rhizome water extract residues and wild buckwheat rhizome alcohol extract residues as fermentation substrates, and taking a mixture of bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) YDC-001 and bacillus amyloliquefaciens cd5bc as fermentation microorganisms through fermentation;
wherein, the bacterial concentration ratio of the bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) YDC-001 and the bacillus amyloliquefaciens cd5bc is 8:1 when the bacillus subtilis is used as a fermenting microorganism for fermentation inoculation;
the preservation number of the bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) YDC-001 is CCTCC NO: M201028;
the preservation number of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens cd5bc is CCTCC NO: M2016232;
the wild buckwheat rhizome water extraction slag is a slag phase obtained by extracting wild buckwheat rhizome whole herb serving as an extraction substrate and water serving as an extraction reagent; the wild buckwheat rhizome alcohol extraction slag is a slag phase obtained by extracting wild buckwheat rhizome whole herb serving as an extraction substrate and ethanol serving as an extraction reagent;
the local pig is a cola pig.
2. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the wild buckwheat rhizome water extract residue to the wild buckwheat rhizome alcohol extract residue is 3-5:1; in the mixture of the kiwi fruits and the cooked tuber crops, the weight ratio of the kiwi fruits to the cooked tuber crops is 1:2-3.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mixture of bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) YDC-001 and bacillus amyloliquefaciens cd5bc is inoculated at an inoculum size of 2%.
4. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the tuber crop is potato; the feed additive accounts for 2-8% of the total weight of the feed.
5. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the mixture of the wild buckwheat rhizome water extract and the wild buckwheat rhizome alcohol extract to the cooked tuber crops is 2:1.
6. The process according to claim 1, wherein the fermentation temperature is 32 to 35℃and the fermentation time is 36 hours.
7. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the wild buckwheat rhizome alcohol extraction residues are cleaned by clean water before fermentation.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the wild buckwheat is wild buckwheat in Qian.
9. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the wild buckwheat rhizome water extraction residue is prepared by pulverizing wild buckwheat rhizome whole herb, adding water of 20 times of the weight of the wild buckwheat rhizome whole herb, extracting under reflux for 2 hours each time, filtering the extract, and retaining residue phase; during preparation, the wild buckwheat rhizome ethanol extraction residues are prepared by crushing wild buckwheat rhizome whole herbs, adding an ethanol aqueous solution with the volume fraction of 60% which is 10 times of the weight of the wild buckwheat rhizome whole herbs, carrying out reflux extraction twice, wherein the extraction time of each time is 1 hour, filtering the extraction solution, and keeping a residue phase.
10. A pig feed based on wild buckwheat fermentate, characterized in that the pig feed based on wild buckwheat fermentate is prepared by the preparation method of claims 1-9.
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