CN117175925A - Anti-impact current soft-start direct-current power supply input circuit - Google Patents

Anti-impact current soft-start direct-current power supply input circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117175925A
CN117175925A CN202311446511.1A CN202311446511A CN117175925A CN 117175925 A CN117175925 A CN 117175925A CN 202311446511 A CN202311446511 A CN 202311446511A CN 117175925 A CN117175925 A CN 117175925A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
power supply
current power
buck
bus capacitor
direct current
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Pending
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CN202311446511.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
凌家树
王进
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Shenzhen Lux Power Technology Co ltd
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Shenzhen Lux Power Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202311446511.1A priority Critical patent/CN117175925A/en
Publication of CN117175925A publication Critical patent/CN117175925A/en
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of direct-current power supply input circuits, and particularly relates to an anti-impact current soft-start direct-current power supply input circuit, which comprises a BUCK circuit, a BUCK-BOOST loop, a bus capacitor and a bypass diode, wherein the BUCK circuit is used as the bus capacitor to charge energy during soft start, and the bus capacitor can charge energy until the voltage is close to the direct-current power supply voltage because the BUCK circuit is not limited by a current limiting resistor; after the BUCK circuit charges the bus capacitor to be close to the voltage of the direct current power supply, the BUCK-BOOST loop supplies power to the bus capacitor, and at the moment, if the direct current power supply fails, the power supply suddenly breaks, and large current can directly flow through a bypass diode connected with the BUCK-BOOST loop in parallel, so that damage to a relay and a power switch tube in the circuit is avoided, and stable guarantee is provided for the direct current power supply input circuit to work in a complex environment.

Description

Anti-impact current soft-start direct-current power supply input circuit
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of direct-current power supply input circuits, and particularly relates to an impact-current-resistant soft-start direct-current power supply input circuit.
Background
The direct current power supply input circuit comprises a relay and a power switch tube, and when the direct current power supply is reversely connected and can generate larger impact current in the switching-on moment, the direct current power supply is protected to be suddenly released or the direct current power supply is broken down and repeatedly started, and the relay and the power switch tube are easy to damage.
Referring to fig. 1, a soft start dc power input circuit is shown, because C1 is larger, most of the auxiliary power of the inverter is powered at the C1 end, which will result in that if the soft start series resistance is too large, the auxiliary power is not driven enough, the bus voltage is not always started, if the soft start series resistance is too small, the impact current is larger, the RY1 needs a larger relay, and the cost is increased.
When the direct current power supply breaks down and the direct current power supply turns off the discharge switch, no direct current power supply energy is input into an internal bus capacitor of the inverter, so that the voltage of the internal bus capacitor is continuously reduced; when the direct current power supply is suddenly recovered from the fault, the voltage of the direct current power supply is far greater than the voltage of the capacitor C1 due to the voltage difference, so that very large impact current can be generated on the RY1, L1 and S3 body diodes, the S3 diode is easy to break down due to overcurrent, and the S2 is opened and short-circuited to be damaged.
When the MCU unit is disturbed to cause dead halt or other influences, the RY1 is suddenly disconnected in the high-current operation or suddenly closed when the voltage difference between the bus capacitor C1 and the direct-current power supply voltage is large, the S3 body diode is also caused to directly break down due to overcurrent, and the S2 is caused to open and short-circuit to be damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to overcome the defect that a relay and a switching tube of a direct current power supply input circuit in the prior art are easily damaged by large current impact caused by direct current power supply or controller faults, thereby providing an impact current-resistant soft start direct current power supply input circuit.
An anti-impact current soft start direct current power supply input circuit comprises a BUCK circuit, a BUCK-BOOST loop, a bus capacitor and a bypass diode;
the power supply input of the BUCK circuit is the direct current power supply, and the output capacitor is the bus capacitor;
the power supply input of the BUCK-BOOST loop is the direct current power supply, and the output capacitor is the bus capacitor;
the BUCK circuit is connected with the BUCK-BOOST loop in parallel;
the bypass diode is connected in parallel with the BUCK-BOOST loop.
Further, the BUCK circuit comprises a first switch tube, a second inductor and a second diode; the first end of the load loop of the first switching tube is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current power supply, the second end of the load loop of the first switching tube is connected with the first end of the second inductor, the second end of the second inductor is connected with the first end of the bus capacitor, the second end of the bus capacitor is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply, the positive electrode of the second diode is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply, and the negative electrode of the second diode is connected with the first end of the second inductor.
Further, the direct current power supply further comprises a third diode, the positive electrode of the third diode is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current power supply, and the negative electrode of the third diode is connected with the first end of the load loop of the first switching tube.
Further, the BUCK-BOOST loop comprises a relay and a first inductor; the first end of the relay is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current power supply, the second end of the relay is connected with the first end of the first inductor, the second end of the first inductor is connected with the first end of the bus capacitor, the second end of the bus capacitor is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply, the positive electrode of the bypass diode is connected with the first end of the first inductor, and the negative electrode of the bypass diode is connected with the second end of the first inductor.
Further, the BUCK-BOOST loop further comprises a second switching tube and a third switching tube, a first end of a load loop of the third switching tube is connected with a second end of the first inductor, and a second end of the load loop is connected with a first end of the bus capacitor and a negative electrode of the bypass diode; and the first end of the load loop of the second switching tube is connected with the second end of the first inductor, and the second end of the load loop is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply.
Further, the current transformer also comprises a second current transformer, wherein the second current transformer is connected with the first end of the first inductor and is used for detecting the current flowing through the first inductor.
Further, the device also comprises a first current transformer, wherein the first current transformer is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current power supply and is used for detecting the output current of the direct current power supply.
Further, the device also comprises a fourth diode, wherein the anode of the fourth diode is connected with the first end of the bus capacitor and is used for being connected with an auxiliary power supply.
The beneficial effects are that: the application provides a soft start direct current power supply input circuit, wherein during soft start, a BUCK circuit is used as a bus capacitor for charging, and the bus capacitor can be charged until the voltage is close to the direct current power supply voltage because the BUCK circuit is not limited by a current limiting resistor; after the BUCK circuit charges the bus capacitor to be close to the voltage of the direct current power supply, the BUCK-BOOST loop supplies power to the bus capacitor, and at the moment, if the direct current power supply fails, the power supply suddenly breaks, and large current can directly flow through a bypass diode connected with the BUCK-BOOST loop in parallel, so that damage to a relay and a power switch tube in the circuit is avoided, and stable guarantee is provided for the direct current power supply input circuit to work in a complex environment.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a prior art soft-restart DC power input circuit;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a specific circuit configuration of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the control method of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the soft start and impact resistance principle of the circuit of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the application will be readily understood, a more particular description of the application will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. The present application may be embodied in many other forms than described herein and similarly modified by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the application, whereby the application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that,
the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present application, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Referring to fig. 2, the embodiment provides a soft start dc power input circuit with an anti-impact current, which includes a BUCK circuit, a BUCK-BOOST loop, a bus capacitor C1 and a bypass diode D1;
the power supply input of the BUCK circuit is the direct current power supply, and the output capacitor is the bus capacitor;
the power supply input of the BUCK-BOOST loop is the direct current power supply, and the output capacitor is the bus capacitor;
the BUCK circuit is connected with the BUCK-BOOST loop in parallel;
the bypass diode is connected in parallel with the BUCK-BOOST loop.
The embodiment provides a soft start direct current power supply input circuit, during soft start, a BUCK circuit is used for charging a bus capacitor, and the bus capacitor can be charged until the voltage is close to the direct current power supply voltage because the BUCK circuit is not limited by a current limiting resistor; after the BUCK circuit charges the bus capacitor to be close to the voltage of the direct current power supply, the BUCK-BOOST loop supplies power to the bus capacitor, and at the moment, if the direct current power supply fails, the power supply suddenly breaks, and large current can directly flow through a bypass diode connected with the BUCK-BOOST loop in parallel, so that damage to a relay and a power switch tube in the circuit is avoided, and stable guarantee is provided for the direct current power supply input circuit to work in a complex environment.
Referring to fig. 3, specifically, the BUCK circuit includes a first switching tube S1, a second inductor L2, and a second diode D2; the first end of the load loop of the first switch tube S1 is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current power supply, the second end of the load loop of the first switch tube S1 is connected with the first end of the second inductor L2, the second end of the second inductor L2 is connected with the first end of the bus capacitor C1, the second end of the bus capacitor C1 is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply, the positive electrode of the second diode D2 is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply, and the negative electrode of the second diode D2 is connected with the first end of the second inductor L2.
As a further improvement of the embodiment, the switching device further comprises a third diode D3, wherein the positive electrode of the third diode D3 is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current power supply, and the negative electrode of the third diode D3 is connected with the first end of the load loop of the first switching tube S1.
Specifically, the BUCK-BOOST loop comprises a relay RY1, a first inductor and L1; the first end of the relay RY1 is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current power supply, the second end of the relay RY1 is connected with the first end of the first inductor L1, the second end of the first inductor L1 is connected with the first end of the bus capacitor C1, the second end of the bus capacitor C1 is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply, the positive electrode of the bypass diode D1 is connected with the first end of the first inductor L1, and the negative electrode of the bypass diode D1 is connected with the second end of the first inductor L1.
The BUCK-BOOST loop further comprises a second switching tube S2 and a third switching tube S3, a first end of a load loop of the third switching tube S3 is connected with a second end of the first inductor L1, and a second end of the load loop is connected with a first end of the bus capacitor C1 and a negative electrode of the bypass diode D1; and a first end of a load loop of the second switching tube S2 is connected with a second end of the first inductor L1, and a second end of the load loop is connected with a negative electrode of the direct current power supply.
As a further improvement of the present embodiment, the current sensor further includes a second current transformer CT2, where the second current transformer CT2 is connected to the first end of the first inductor, and is configured to detect a current flowing through the first inductor L1.
The direct current power supply further comprises a first current transformer CT1, wherein the first current transformer CT1 is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current power supply and used for detecting the output current of the direct current power supply. In this embodiment, the first current transformer monitors the input current and is used for input power calculation.
The bus capacitor further comprises a fourth diode, wherein the anode of the fourth diode is connected with the first end of the bus capacitor and used for being connected with an auxiliary power supply.
Working principle: during soft start, the third diode can prevent bus energy from directly flowing back to the direct-current power supply end through the first switch diode body diode, and the limitation of the infinite current resistor ensures that the bus capacitor voltage can directly reach the voltage close to the direct-current power supply voltage and is not influenced by the energy consumption of an auxiliary power supply connected to the bus capacitor.
The direct current power supply supplies power to the bus capacitor through the BUCK circuit, the PWM duty ratio controlled by the first switching tube in the BUCK circuit is slowly increased from 0, and the direct current power supply charges the bus capacitor through the BUCK circuit. Because the bus capacitor is larger, if the soft start operation is not performed, the requirements on the device of the soft start circuit are very high, after the soft start operation is performed, the bus capacitor is slowly charged with the voltage through controlling the switch tube, the duty ratio is gradually increased, the soft start circuit can be designed smaller, the device requirements are lower, and the control of the cost is facilitated.
When the voltage of the bus capacitor is close to the voltage of the input direct-current power supply, the relay is closed, the direct-current power supply of the main loop passes through the relay, the bypass diode is output to the bus capacitor, and at the moment, the first switching tube is opened for driving.
Because of the existence of the loop, when the direct current power supply fails, the direct current power supply can disconnect a discharge switch, no direct current power supply energy is input into an internal bus capacitor of the inverter, so that the voltage of the internal bus capacitor is continuously reduced until the voltage of the bus capacitor is lower than the voltage of the direct current power supply, and the voltage difference is larger; when the direct current power supply is suddenly recovered from the fault, due to the existence of the bypass diode with large capacity, bypass impact current directly flows through the bypass diode and does not flow into the body diode of the third switching tube of the BUCK-BOOST loop any more, so that the BUCK-BOOST loop is prevented from being damaged.
When the MCU is disturbed to cause dead halt or other influences, the relay is suddenly opened in high-current operation or suddenly closed when the voltage difference between the bus capacitor voltage and the direct-current power supply voltage is large, and the high current is directly bypassed by the bypass diode, so that the BUCK-BOOST circuit is prevented from being damaged.
Specifically, in the normal discharge mode, the BOOST operating mode, the loop is composed of the body diodes RY1, CT1, L1, S2, S3 and C1.
In the charging mode, the conventional BUCK circuit consisting of RY1, CT1, L1, S2 body diodes, S3 and C1 charges the energy of the bus to the DC power supply side through voltage reduction.
Referring to fig. 4, in the BOOST mode, bus_v is the voltage of the capacitor C1, bus_ref is the control value of the voltage of C1, and buck_i is the current sampling value of CT 1.
In the BUCK mode, bus_V is the voltage of the direct current power supply end, bus_Ref is the control value of the voltage of the direct current power supply end, and Buck-boost_i is the current sampling value of CT 1.
The control method of the circuit structure realizes stable control of current and stable output of voltage by adjusting the conduction time of the switching tube. The circuit is closed by an outer loop controller PI1 and an inner loop controller PI 2. The basic constitution of the inner loop controller is to adopt current sampling, and control the current by comparing the difference value of the output voltage and the feedback voltage, thereby realizing stable control of the current. The outer ring controller feeds back the control circuit through the voltage error amplifier according to the feedback information of the output voltage, controls the on and off time of the switching tube, and realizes stable regulation of the output voltage.
The specific principle of soft start and impact resistance of the circuit of the embodiment is shown with reference to fig. 2 and 5, after the direct current power supply is connected, the MCU judges the voltage difference between the bus capacitor voltage Vbus and the direct current power supply input voltage Vbat, wherein, the voltage difference is the voltage difference between Vbus and Vbat, in the embodiment, the preset value is set according to the contact current of the relay, and the impact current is larger when the voltage difference is larger. When (Vbus-, V) < Vbat, the direct current power supply charges the capacitor C1 through the BUCK loop consisting of D2, D3, L1 and S2, when the voltage difference between Vbus and Vbat of C1 is smaller than #, the main power relay RY1 is closed, the direct current power supply is connected to C1 through RY1 and D1, and the impact current passes through RY1 and D1, thereby avoiding passing through the body diodes CT2, L1 and S3, and achieving the purposes of soft start and impact resistance.
The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the application, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the claims. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the application, which are all within the scope of the application. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present application is to be determined by the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. The soft start direct current power supply input circuit is characterized by comprising a BUCK circuit, a BUCK-BOOST loop, a bus capacitor and a bypass diode;
the power supply input of the BUCK circuit is the direct current power supply, and the output capacitor is the bus capacitor;
the power supply input of the BUCK-BOOST loop is the direct current power supply, and the output capacitor is the bus capacitor;
the BUCK circuit is connected with the BUCK-BOOST loop in parallel;
the bypass diode is connected in parallel with the BUCK-BOOST loop.
2. The soft start dc power input circuit of claim 1, wherein the BUCK circuit comprises a first switching tube, a second inductor, and a second diode; the first end of the load loop of the first switching tube is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current power supply, the second end of the load loop of the first switching tube is connected with the first end of the second inductor, the second end of the second inductor is connected with the first end of the bus capacitor, the second end of the bus capacitor is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply, the positive electrode of the second diode is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply, and the negative electrode of the second diode is connected with the first end of the second inductor.
3. The soft start dc power input circuit of claim 2, further comprising a third diode, wherein the positive electrode of the third diode is connected to the positive electrode of the dc power source, and the negative electrode of the third diode is connected to the first end of the load loop of the first switching tube.
4. The soft-start dc power input circuit of claim 1, wherein the BUCK-BOOST loop comprises a relay and a first inductor; the first end of the relay is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current power supply, the second end of the relay is connected with the first end of the first inductor, the second end of the first inductor is connected with the first end of the bus capacitor, the second end of the bus capacitor is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply, the positive electrode of the bypass diode is connected with the first end of the first inductor, and the negative electrode of the bypass diode is connected with the second end of the first inductor.
5. The soft-start dc power input circuit of claim 4, wherein the BUCK-BOOST loop further comprises a second switching tube and a third switching tube, a first end of a load loop of the third switching tube is connected to a second end of the first inductor, and a second end of the load loop is connected to a first end of the bus capacitor and a negative electrode of the bypass diode; and the first end of the load loop of the second switching tube is connected with the second end of the first inductor, and the second end of the load loop is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply.
6. The soft start dc power input circuit of claim 4, further comprising a second current transformer connected to the first end of the first inductor for detecting current flowing through the first inductor.
7. The soft start dc power input circuit of claim 1, further comprising a first current transformer connected to the positive pole of the dc power source for detecting the output current of the dc power source.
8. The soft start dc power input circuit of claim 1, further comprising a fourth diode, wherein the anode of the fourth diode is connected to the first terminal of the bus capacitor for connecting to an auxiliary power source.
CN202311446511.1A 2023-11-02 2023-11-02 Anti-impact current soft-start direct-current power supply input circuit Pending CN117175925A (en)

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CN202311446511.1A CN117175925A (en) 2023-11-02 2023-11-02 Anti-impact current soft-start direct-current power supply input circuit

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CN202311446511.1A CN117175925A (en) 2023-11-02 2023-11-02 Anti-impact current soft-start direct-current power supply input circuit

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0767326A (en) * 1993-08-26 1995-03-10 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Power supply device
CN105763037A (en) * 2016-05-16 2016-07-13 浙江工业大学 Precharge soft starting circuit for three-phase voltage type bi-directional PWM current transformer
CN206865354U (en) * 2017-05-09 2018-01-09 山东朗进科技股份有限公司 The Boost circuit of surge in a kind of suppression
CN111934578A (en) * 2020-08-02 2020-11-13 国网湖北省电力有限公司武汉供电公司 Dual-mode photovoltaic inverter circuit system based on hybrid control
CN215912031U (en) * 2021-08-18 2022-02-25 洛阳隆盛科技有限责任公司 Novel AC supply current restraines slow start circuit
CN115459580A (en) * 2022-09-29 2022-12-09 超聚变数字技术有限公司 Switching power supply and electronic equipment

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0767326A (en) * 1993-08-26 1995-03-10 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Power supply device
CN105763037A (en) * 2016-05-16 2016-07-13 浙江工业大学 Precharge soft starting circuit for three-phase voltage type bi-directional PWM current transformer
CN206865354U (en) * 2017-05-09 2018-01-09 山东朗进科技股份有限公司 The Boost circuit of surge in a kind of suppression
CN111934578A (en) * 2020-08-02 2020-11-13 国网湖北省电力有限公司武汉供电公司 Dual-mode photovoltaic inverter circuit system based on hybrid control
CN215912031U (en) * 2021-08-18 2022-02-25 洛阳隆盛科技有限责任公司 Novel AC supply current restraines slow start circuit
CN115459580A (en) * 2022-09-29 2022-12-09 超聚变数字技术有限公司 Switching power supply and electronic equipment

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