CN117175918A - Flyback switching power supply circuit, flyback switching power supply device and electronic equipment - Google Patents

Flyback switching power supply circuit, flyback switching power supply device and electronic equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117175918A
CN117175918A CN202311024619.1A CN202311024619A CN117175918A CN 117175918 A CN117175918 A CN 117175918A CN 202311024619 A CN202311024619 A CN 202311024619A CN 117175918 A CN117175918 A CN 117175918A
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China
Prior art keywords
circuit
power supply
current detection
current
voltage
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CN202311024619.1A
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Inventor
方洪福
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Shenzhen Sirius Semiconductor Co ltd
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Shenzhen Sirius Semiconductor Co ltd
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Priority to CN202311024619.1A priority Critical patent/CN117175918A/en
Publication of CN117175918A publication Critical patent/CN117175918A/en
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

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Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of electronic equipment, and provides a flyback switching power supply circuit, a flyback switching power supply device and electronic equipment, wherein the flyback switching power supply circuit comprises: the power switch circuit is connected with a primary coil of the transformer in series and is controlled by the main control circuit to adjust the switching frequency of the power switch circuit; the current detection circuit is used for detecting current flowing through the power switch circuit and generating a current detection signal, the compensation circuit is used for adjusting voltage drops at two ends of the current detection circuit according to voltages on the direct current bus, so that the purpose of flexibly adjusting the voltage of the current detection signal according to different input voltages on the direct current bus is achieved, the main control circuit is used for adjusting the frequency of the power switch circuit based on the voltage of the current detection signal, and further overcurrent protection of the flyback switch power supply circuit is flexibly achieved under the condition that an overcurrent protection threshold is not required to be changed.

Description

Flyback switching power supply circuit, flyback switching power supply device and electronic equipment
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of electronic devices, and in particular, to a flyback switching power supply circuit, a flyback switching power supply device, and an electronic device.
Background
Flyback switching power supplies are widely used in household appliances or digital products and generally require normal operation at a wide input voltage of 100V-240V.
When the output current of the flyback switching power supply exceeds a certain value, the primary high-voltage MOS tube is closed by detecting the voltage drop on the current detection resistor connected in series with the source electrode of the primary high-voltage MOS tube, and when the voltage drop reaches the voltage threshold value of the chip detection pin, the primary high-voltage MOS tube is closed, and the output current is stopped so as to achieve the purpose of overcurrent protection.
The phenomenon of large overcurrent protection threshold difference caused by input voltage change is not solved in some flyback power supply control chips, and the large overcurrent protection threshold difference enables products to pass safety certification in some areas, so that the universality of the products is limited. Therefore, it is desirable to reduce the difference in the overcurrent protection threshold at different input voltages.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a flyback switching power supply circuit, a flyback switching power supply device and electronic equipment, which can solve the problem of large overcurrent protection threshold difference caused by input voltage change in the current overcurrent protection scheme.
An embodiment of the present application provides a flyback switching power supply circuit, including:
a direct current bus;
the transformer is connected with the direct current bus;
a power switch circuit connected in series with the primary coil of the transformer;
the current detection circuit is connected with the output end of the power switch circuit and is used for detecting the current flowing through the power switch circuit and generating a current detection signal;
the compensation circuit is connected with the current detection circuit and the direct current bus and is used for adjusting the voltage drop at two ends of the current detection circuit according to the voltage on the direct current bus so as to adjust the voltage of the current detection signal;
the main control circuit is connected with the power switch circuit and the current detection circuit and is used for receiving the current detection signal and adjusting the frequency of the power switch circuit according to the current detection signal.
In one embodiment, the main control circuit is further configured to generate a switching control signal according to the current detection signal, output the switching control signal to the control end of the power switch circuit, and reduce the duty cycle of the switching control signal when the voltage of the current detection signal is greater than the overcurrent threshold voltage, so as to reduce the switching frequency of the power switch circuit.
In one embodiment, the compensation circuit is further configured to boost the voltage of the current detection signal when the voltage on the dc bus increases.
In one embodiment, the flyback switching power supply circuit further comprises:
and the rectification filter circuit is connected with the direct current bus and is used for carrying out rectification filter treatment on input current and outputting direct current to the direct current bus.
In one embodiment, the compensation circuit includes: a first resistor and a second resistor;
the first end of the first resistor is connected with the direct current bus, the second end of the first resistor is connected with the first end of the second resistor, and the second end of the second resistor is connected with a common node between the current detection circuit and the power switch circuit.
In one embodiment, the power switching circuit includes: a first switching tube;
the first end of the first switching tube is connected with the primary coil of the transformer, the second end of the first switching tube is connected with the current detection circuit, and the control end of the first switching tube is connected with the main control circuit.
In one embodiment, the current detection circuit comprises a current detection resistor, a first end of the current detection resistor is connected with the power switch circuit, and a second end of the current detection resistor is grounded.
In one embodiment, the transformer is a high frequency transformer.
The second aspect of the embodiment of the application also provides a flyback switching power supply device, which comprises the flyback switching power supply circuit according to any one of the embodiments.
The third aspect of the embodiment of the application also provides an electronic device, which comprises the flyback switching power supply circuit according to any one of the embodiments.
In an embodiment of the present application, a flyback switching power supply circuit includes: the power switch circuit is connected with a primary coil of the transformer in series and is controlled by the main control circuit to adjust the switching frequency of the power switch circuit, the current detection circuit is used for detecting current flowing through the power switch circuit and generating a current detection signal, the compensation circuit is used for adjusting voltage drop at two ends of the current detection circuit according to the voltage on the direct current bus, therefore, the purpose of flexibly adjusting the voltage of the current detection signal according to different input voltages on the direct current bus is achieved, the main control circuit is used for adjusting the frequency of the power switch circuit based on the voltage of the current detection signal, further, overcurrent protection of a switching power supply is flexibly achieved under the condition that an overcurrent protection threshold is not required to be changed, and the problem that the overcurrent protection threshold is large in the current overcurrent protection scheme due to the change of the input voltage is solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first structure of a flyback switching power supply circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second structure of a flyback switching power supply circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a third structure of a flyback switching power supply circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature.
When the output current of the flyback switching power supply exceeds a certain value, the primary high-voltage MOS tube is closed to stop outputting so as to perform overcurrent protection when the voltage drop on a current detection resistor connected with the source electrode of the primary high-voltage MOS tube in series reaches a chip detection foot voltage threshold value through detection. However, the larger overcurrent protection threshold difference makes the product unable to pass the safety certification of some areas, and limits the universality of the product.
In order to solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present application provides a flyback switching power supply circuit, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, where the flyback switching power supply circuit in the present embodiment includes: the power supply comprises a direct current bus 10, a transformer 20, a power switch circuit 30, a current detection circuit 40, a compensation circuit 50 and a main control circuit 60.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the transformer 20 is connected to the dc bus 10, the power switch circuit 30 is connected in series with the primary winding of the transformer 20, the current detection circuit 40 is connected to the output terminal of the power switch circuit 30, the compensation circuit 50 is connected to the current detection circuit 40 and the dc bus 10, and the main control circuit 60 is connected to the power switch circuit 30 and the current detection circuit 40.
In the embodiment of the present application, the current detection circuit 40 is configured to detect a current flowing through the power switch circuit 30 and generate a current detection signal, and the compensation circuit 50 is configured to adjust a voltage drop across the current detection circuit 40 according to a voltage on the dc bus 10, so as to adjust a voltage level of the current detection signal; the main control circuit 60 is configured to receive the current detection signal, and adjust the frequency of the power switch circuit 30 according to the voltage of the current detection signal.
In this embodiment, the transformer 20 performs voltage conversion on the voltage on the dc bus 10, the power switch circuit 30 is connected in series with the primary winding of the transformer 20 and controlled by the main control circuit 60 to adjust the switching frequency, the current detection circuit 40 is used to detect the current flowing through the power switch circuit 30 and generate a current detection signal, and the compensation circuit 50 adjusts the voltage drop at two ends of the current detection circuit 40 according to the voltage on the dc bus 10, so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the voltage of the current detection signal, thereby realizing flexible adjustment of the voltage of the current detection signal according to different input voltages on the dc bus 10, and the main control circuit 60 is used to adjust the frequency of the power switch circuit 30 based on the voltage of the current detection signal, so that the overcurrent protection of the switching power supply can be flexibly realized without changing the overcurrent protection threshold.
In some embodiments, the current flowing through the power switch circuit 30 is converted into a current detection signal by the current detection circuit 40 and is output to the main control circuit 60, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, by arranging the compensation circuit 50 between the common node of the current detection circuit 40 and the power switch circuit 30 and the dc bus 10, the voltage drop at two ends of the current detection circuit 40 and the voltage on the dc bus 10 are in a direct-ratio relation, when the input voltage on the dc bus 10 increases, the compensation circuit 50 compensates the voltage drop at two ends of the current detection circuit 40, the voltage drop generated by superimposing the input current on the current detection circuit 40, the voltage of the current detection signal correspondingly increases, so that the voltage drop of the current detection circuit 40 reaches the overcurrent protection threshold in advance, the difference between the overcurrent protection threshold and the overcurrent protection threshold under the low input voltage is reduced, and the problem that the overcurrent protection threshold difference is large due to the change of the input voltage in the current overcurrent protection scheme is solved.
The application can reduce the overcurrent protection threshold difference caused by different input voltages by using the compensation mode of the compensation circuit 50 for the current detection signal, and has the advantages of simple and easy operation and low cost.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the master circuit 60 is further configured to generate the switching control signal Vdrv according to the current detection signal, output the switching control signal Vdrv to the control terminal of the power switch circuit 30, and reduce the duty cycle of the switching control signal to reduce the switching frequency of the power switch circuit 30 when the voltage Vcs of the current detection signal is greater than the overcurrent threshold voltage.
In this embodiment, the main control circuit 60 outputs the switch control signal Vdrv to the power switch circuit 30, and the switch control signal Vdrv may be used to control the switching frequency of the power switch circuit 30, so as to regulate the current flowing through the power switch circuit 30, thereby further achieving the purpose of regulating the output voltage of the transformer 20. When the input voltage on the dc bus 10 increases, if the voltage Vcs of the current detection signal is greater than the overcurrent threshold voltage, the master control circuit 60 decreases the duty ratio of the switch control signal according to the current detection signal, reduces the switching frequency of the power switching circuit 30, and can timely perform feedback to avoid the influence of the excessive output voltage of the transformer 20 on the subsequent circuit.
In one embodiment, the compensation circuit 50 is further configured to boost the voltage of the current sense signal when the voltage on the dc bus 10 increases.
In this embodiment, when the input voltage on the dc bus 10 increases, by correspondingly increasing the voltage drop at the two ends of the current detection circuit 40 by the compensation circuit 50, the voltage drop generated at the two ends of the current detection circuit 40 by adding the input current can make the voltage of the current detection signal reach the overcurrent protection threshold set in the main control circuit 60 in advance, so as to trigger the overcurrent protection, at this moment, the main control circuit 60 can reduce the duty ratio of the switch control signal, reduce the switching frequency of the power switch circuit 30, or turn off the power switch circuit 30 in time, thereby achieving the purpose of protecting the later-stage circuit and improving the stability of the switching power supply.
In a specific embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the compensation circuit 50 may be composed of one or more compensation resistors, where one end of the compensation circuit 50 is connected to the dc bus 10, and the other end of the compensation circuit 50 is connected to the current output end of the power switch circuit 30.
In one embodiment, referring to FIG. 2, the compensation circuit 50 includes: a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2; the first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the dc bus 10, the second end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first end of the second resistor R2, and the second end of the second resistor R2 is connected to a common node between the current detection circuit 40 and the power switch circuit 30.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the power switch circuit 30 is connected in series with the primary winding of the transformer 20, specifically, a first end of the power switch circuit 30 is connected to a second end of the primary winding of the transformer 20 as a current input end, a first end of the primary winding of the transformer 20 is connected to the dc bus 10, a second end of the power switch circuit 30 is connected to the current detection circuit 40 as a current output end, and a control end of the power switch circuit 30 is connected to the main control circuit 60.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the power switching circuit 30 includes: a first switching tube Q1; the first end of the first switching tube Q1 is connected with the primary coil of the transformer 20, the second end of the first switching tube Q1 is connected with the current detection circuit 40, and the control end of the first switching tube Q1 is connected with the main control circuit 60.
In one embodiment, the first switch tube may be a high-voltage MOS tube, and the high-voltage MOS tube may be an N-type MOS tube or a P-type MOS tube.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the current detection circuit 40 may be composed of one or more current detection resistors, one end of the current detection circuit 40 is connected to the current output end of the power switch circuit 30, and the second end of the current detection circuit 40 is grounded.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the current detecting circuit 40 includes a current detecting resistor Rcs, a first terminal of the current detecting resistor Rcs is connected to the power switch circuit 30, and a second terminal of the current detecting resistor Rcs is grounded.
In one embodiment, the transformer 20 is a high frequency transformer.
In order to facilitate understanding of the principle of the flyback switching power supply circuit provided by the present application, the implementation principle of the flyback switching power supply circuit provided by the present application is described below with reference to a specific usage scenario and referring to the flyback switching power supply circuit shown in fig. 2:
in some embodiments, assuming that the input voltage of the flyback switching power supply circuit is Vi, the output voltage of the flyback switching power supply circuit is Vo, the input current of the flyback switching power supply circuit is Ii, the output current of the flyback switching power supply circuit is Io, the conversion efficiency is η, and the following formula 1 can be obtained according to the energy conservation relation: vi x Ii x η=vo x Io.
In some embodiments, assuming that the current flowing through the current detection circuit 40 immediately after the power switch circuit 30 is turned on is Ip0, the peak value of the current flowing through the current detection circuit 40 immediately before the power switch circuit 30 is turned off is Ip, and the duty ratio of the switch control signal Vdrv output by the main control circuit 60 is D, the following equation 2 can be obtained according to faraday's law of electromagnetic induction and the current geometry relation: ii= ((Ip-Ip 0)/2+ip0) D.
In some embodiments, assuming that the lower input voltage of the flyback switching power supply circuit is Vi1, the bus voltage on the corresponding dc bus 10 is Vbulk1, the input current when the overcurrent protection is triggered is Ii1, the output current is Io1, the overcurrent protection threshold of the main control circuit 60 for turning off the power switching circuit 30 is Vcs-ocp, and the voltage drop value on the current detection circuit 40 is Ip1, the following formula 3 can be obtained: vcs-ocp= (Vbulk 1×rcs/(r1+r2+rcs) +ip1×rcs).
Wherein, r1+r2 may be a resistance value of the compensation circuit 50, and Rcs may be a resistance value of the current detection circuit 40.
In some embodiments, assuming that the higher input voltage of the flyback switching power supply circuit is Vi2, the bus voltage on the corresponding dc bus 10 is Vbulk2, the input current when the overcurrent protection is triggered is Ii2, the output current is Io2, the main control circuit 60 turns off the overcurrent protection threshold Vcs-ocp of the power switching circuit 30, and the voltage drop value on the current detection circuit 40 corresponds to the current flowing through the power switching circuit 30 being Ip2, the following formula 4 can be obtained: vcs-ocp= (Vbulk 2×rcs/(r1+r2+rcs) +ip2×rcs).
By integrating the above formulas 1, 2, 3 and 4, for the same power supply, vbulk is obtained by rectifying and filtering the input voltage Vi, so Vbulk is in a proportional relationship with Vi, according to formula 1, the currents Io1 and Io2 required to trigger over-current protection by the flyback switching power supply circuit are the same (or the difference between Io1 and Io2 is smaller than the preset current threshold), and Ii2< Ii1 is required because the output voltages Vo and η are fixed and Vi2> Vi 1. According to equation 2, ii2< Ii1 is required since Ip0 and D are the same; according to formulas 3 and 4, vcs-ocp, rcs, R1 and R2 are fixed values, vi2> Vi1 and Vbull is in direct proportion to Vi, so that Ip2< Ip1 accords with the requirement of formula 2 on Ip2< Ip1, and the purpose of reducing the difference of output overcurrent protection thresholds under different input voltages is achieved.
Similarly, the resistance value of the compensation circuit 50 can be calculated according to the formula 1, the formula 2, the formula 3, and the formula 4, and the resistance value of the compensation circuit 50 can be obtained according to the input voltages Vi1 and Vi2, so that the difference between the corresponding overcurrent protection thresholds Io is minimum.
In some embodiments, vi1 and Vi2 may be set to 110V and 220V, respectively.
In this embodiment, the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 are connected in series to form the compensation circuit 50, and under the condition that the power switch circuit 30 can work normally, the input voltage range of the flyback switch power supply circuit can be Vi 1-Vi 2, vi1 is the minimum input voltage of the flyback switch power supply circuit, vi2 is the maximum input voltage of the flyback switch power supply circuit, the resistance value of the compensation circuit 50 can be obtained according to the input voltages Vi1 and Vi2, and the difference corresponding to the overcurrent protection threshold Io is minimum.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 3, the flyback switching power supply circuit further includes a rectifying and filtering circuit 70, which is connected to the dc bus 10, and is configured to perform rectifying and filtering processing on an input current and output dc power to the dc bus 10.
In this embodiment, the rectifying and filtering circuit may convert the input ac power into dc power and output the dc power to the dc bus 10, and filter out clutter signals in the dc power.
The embodiment of the application also provides a flyback switching power supply device, which comprises the flyback switching power supply circuit of any one embodiment.
The embodiment of the application also provides electronic equipment, which comprises the flyback switching power supply circuit according to any one of the embodiments.
In this embodiment, the electronic device may be a household appliance or a digital product, the input voltage of which may be an ac power supply of 100 to 240V, and under the condition of a wider input voltage, the flyback switching power supply circuit in any one of the embodiments processes the input voltage, so that the difference of the overcurrent protection thresholds can be reduced under different input voltages, and the universality of the electronic device is increased, so that the electronic device can pass the safety certification in different regions.
In an embodiment of the present application, a flyback switching power supply circuit includes: the power switch circuit is connected with a primary coil of the transformer in series and is controlled by the main control circuit to adjust the switching frequency of the power switch circuit, the current detection circuit is used for detecting current flowing through the power switch circuit and generating a current detection signal, the compensation circuit is used for adjusting voltage drop at two ends of the current detection circuit according to the voltage on the direct current bus, therefore, the purpose of flexibly adjusting the voltage of the current detection signal according to different input voltages on the direct current bus is achieved, the main control circuit is used for adjusting the frequency of the power switch circuit based on the voltage of the current detection signal, further, overcurrent protection of a switching power supply is flexibly achieved under the condition that an overcurrent protection threshold is not required to be changed, and the problem that the overcurrent protection threshold is large in the current overcurrent protection scheme due to the change of the input voltage is solved.
It should be noted that the above is merely an example of the structure of the flyback switching power supply circuit of the present application, and is not meant to limit the scope of the present application, and those skilled in the art may apply the equivalent embodiments of the present application with the above-described matters to other fields, but any simple modification, equivalent change or variation made to the above embodiments according to the technical matters of the present application still falls within the scope of the technical matters of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A flyback switching power supply circuit, the flyback switching power supply circuit comprising:
a direct current bus;
the transformer is connected with the direct current bus;
a power switch circuit connected in series with the primary coil of the transformer;
the current detection circuit is connected with the output end of the power switch circuit and is used for detecting the current flowing through the power switch circuit and generating a current detection signal;
the compensation circuit is connected with the current detection circuit and the direct current bus and is used for adjusting the voltage drop at two ends of the current detection circuit according to the voltage on the direct current bus so as to adjust the voltage of the current detection signal;
the main control circuit is connected with the power switch circuit and the current detection circuit and is used for receiving the current detection signal and adjusting the frequency of the power switch circuit according to the current detection signal.
2. The flyback switching power supply circuit of claim 1 wherein the master control circuit is further configured to generate a switching control signal according to the current detection signal and output the switching control signal to the control terminal of the power switching circuit, and to reduce the duty cycle of the switching control signal to reduce the switching frequency of the power switching circuit when the voltage of the current detection signal is greater than an overcurrent threshold voltage.
3. The flyback switching power supply circuit of claim 1 wherein the compensation circuit is further configured to boost the voltage of the current sense signal as the voltage on the dc bus increases.
4. The flyback switching power supply circuit of claim 1 further comprising:
and the rectification filter circuit is connected with the direct current bus and is used for carrying out rectification filter treatment on input current and outputting direct current to the direct current bus.
5. The flyback switching power supply circuit of any one of claims 1-4 wherein the compensation circuit comprises: a first resistor and a second resistor;
the first end of the first resistor is connected with the direct current bus, the second end of the first resistor is connected with the first end of the second resistor, and the second end of the second resistor is connected with a common node between the current detection circuit and the power switch circuit.
6. The flyback switching power supply circuit of any one of claims 1-4 wherein the power switching circuit comprises: a first switching tube;
the first end of the first switching tube is connected with the primary coil of the transformer, the second end of the first switching tube is connected with the current detection circuit, and the control end of the first switching tube is connected with the main control circuit.
7. The flyback switching power supply circuit of any one of claims 1-4 wherein the current sensing circuit comprises a current sensing resistor, a first terminal of the current sensing resistor connected to the power switching circuit, and a second terminal of the current sensing resistor connected to ground.
8. The flyback switching power supply circuit of any one of claims 1-4 wherein the transformer is a high frequency transformer.
9. A flyback switching power supply device, characterized in that it comprises a flyback switching power supply circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. An electronic device comprising a flyback switching power supply circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
CN202311024619.1A 2023-08-14 2023-08-14 Flyback switching power supply circuit, flyback switching power supply device and electronic equipment Pending CN117175918A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311024619.1A CN117175918A (en) 2023-08-14 2023-08-14 Flyback switching power supply circuit, flyback switching power supply device and electronic equipment

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202311024619.1A CN117175918A (en) 2023-08-14 2023-08-14 Flyback switching power supply circuit, flyback switching power supply device and electronic equipment

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN117175918A true CN117175918A (en) 2023-12-05

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202311024619.1A Pending CN117175918A (en) 2023-08-14 2023-08-14 Flyback switching power supply circuit, flyback switching power supply device and electronic equipment

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