CN106921303B - Switching power supply transformer - Google Patents

Switching power supply transformer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106921303B
CN106921303B CN201710144766.0A CN201710144766A CN106921303B CN 106921303 B CN106921303 B CN 106921303B CN 201710144766 A CN201710144766 A CN 201710144766A CN 106921303 B CN106921303 B CN 106921303B
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circuit
capacitor
resistor
diode
chip
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CN106921303A (en
Inventor
梁季
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Shenzhen Ambo Technology Co ltd
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Shenzhen Ambo Technology Co ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/14Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/44Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33507Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H02M1/0038Circuits or arrangements for suppressing, e.g. by masking incorrect turn-on or turn-off signals, e.g. due to current spikes in current mode control
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

The invention discloses a switching power supply transformer which comprises a front-stage protection circuit, an EMI filter circuit, a bridge rectifier circuit, a flyback conversion circuit, an output filter circuit, a feedback circuit, a clamping circuit, a starting circuit, an adjustment control module, a protection circuit, an oscillating circuit and a voltage stabilizing circuit which are connected with the adjustment control module in a matching way, wherein the feedback circuit is connected with the output end of the output filter circuit and the adjustment control module at the same time, and the adjustment control module is connected with the input end of the flyback conversion circuit; the clamping circuit is connected with the flyback conversion circuit and the starting circuit at the same time, the starting circuit is connected with the adjusting control module and the protection circuit at the same time, and the voltage stabilizing circuit is connected with the flyback conversion circuit at the same time; the adjusting control module comprises a UC382 chip and peripheral circuits thereof. The invention has reasonable design, convenient use, stable power output, high efficiency, energy conservation, safety, environmental protection and high reliability.

Description

Switching power supply transformer
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of switching power supplies, and particularly relates to a switching power supply transformer.
Background
The switching power supply transformer is an important field of power electronics technology application, and the high-frequency switching type direct current stabilized voltage power supply has been widely applied due to the outstanding advantages of high efficiency, small size, light weight and the like. The control circuit of the switching power supply transformer can be divided into a voltage control type and a current control type, wherein the voltage control type is a single closed-loop voltage control system, the system response is slow, higher linear adjustment rate precision is difficult to achieve, and the current control type has incomparable advantages compared with the voltage control type.
UC3842 is a novel control device developed by Unitrone company, and is a current control type pulse width modulator with wider domestic application. The so-called current type pulse width modulator adjusts the pulse width according to the feedback current. The output inductor peak current is changed along with the error voltage change by directly comparing the signal flowing through the output inductor current with the output signal of the error amplifier at the input end of the pulse width comparator and adjusting the duty ratio. Because of the voltage ring and the current ring double-ring system, the voltage regulation rate, the load regulation rate and the transient response characteristic of the switching power supply are improved, and the novel controller is ideal. The switching power supply transformer developed based on the UC3842 chip in the current market has the advantages of small application range and poor stability.
Patent document with application publication number CN102158093a, entitled switching power supply, which includes an input electromagnetic interference filter, a rectifying and filtering circuit, a power conversion unit including a power tube S1-4, a capacitor C1-3, an inductor Lk, and a diode D1-2, a PWM control circuit, and an output rectifying and filtering circuit; the power tube S1 and the power tube S3 in the power tube S1-4 are connected in series to form a leading arm, and are connected with the diode D1-2 in parallel and the capacitor C1-3 which plays an external absorption role in an inverse way; the power tube S2 and the power tube S4 form a hysteresis arm; the output rectifying and filtering circuit comprises a field effect tube Sc, a diode Da, a diode Db, a diode Dc and a capacitor Cc; the field effect tube Sc is connected with the diode Dc in parallel and then connected with the capacitor Cc in series to form a frequency doubling circuit. The scheme can not effectively reduce peak voltage, has large circuit loss and poor electromagnetic interference resistance.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a switching power supply transformer which takes a UC3842 chip as a core control component, wherein an EMI filter circuit performs low-pass filtering and forms an anti-series-mode and anti-common-mode interference circuit with a front-stage protection circuit, and the anti-series-mode and anti-common-mode interference circuit is used for inhibiting normal noise and common-mode noise interference and has a very strong attenuation effect on electromagnetic interference; the output filter circuit adopts a mode of connecting the rectifier diodes in parallel, has fewer components and simple structure, can effectively reduce peak voltage and reduce circuit loss.
The invention solves the technical problems, and adopts the following technical scheme:
the switching power supply transformer comprises a front-stage protection circuit, an EMI filter circuit, a bridge rectifier circuit, a flyback converter circuit, an output filter circuit, a feedback circuit, a clamping circuit, a starting circuit, an adjustment control module, a protection circuit, an oscillating circuit and a voltage stabilizing circuit which are connected with the adjustment control module in a matching way, wherein the front-stage protection circuit, the EMI filter circuit, the bridge rectifier circuit, the flyback converter circuit and the output filter circuit are electrically connected in sequence; the clamping circuit is connected with the flyback conversion circuit and the starting circuit at the same time, the starting circuit is connected with the adjusting control module and the protection circuit at the same time, and the voltage stabilizing circuit is connected with the flyback conversion circuit at the same time; the adjusting control module comprises a UC382 chip and peripheral circuits thereof.
Specifically, the front-stage protection circuit includes a thermistor RT, a varistor RV, and a first capacitor C1, where: the two ends of the piezoresistor RV are respectively connected with the live wire end and the zero wire end of the alternating current input power supply Vi, one end of the thermistor RT is connected with the live wire end of the alternating current input power supply Vi, the other end of the thermistor RT is connected with one end of the first capacitor C1, and the other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected with the zero wire end of the alternating current input power supply Vi.
Further, the EMI filter circuit includes a first inductor L1, a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3, and a fourth capacitor C4, where two input ends of the first inductor L1 are connected to two ends of the first capacitor C1, respectively, and the third capacitor C3 is connected in series with the fourth capacitor C4 and then connected in parallel with the second capacitor C2.
Further, the bridge rectifying circuit is formed by connecting four rectifying diodes D1-D4 and is provided with two alternating current input ends and two direct current output ends; one alternating current input end of the bridge rectifier circuit is simultaneously connected with one output end of the first sensor L1, one end of the second capacitor C2 and one end of the third capacitor C3, and the other alternating current input end is simultaneously connected with the other output end of the first sensor L1, the other end of the second capacitor C2 and one end of the fourth capacitor C4; the positive DC output end of the bridge rectifier circuit is connected with the flyback converter circuit 4, and the grounding electrode DC output end of the bridge rectifier circuit is connected with the connecting end of the third capacitor C3 and the fourth capacitor C4 and grounded through a lead.
Further, the clamping circuit comprises a second resistor R2, a fifth capacitor C5 and a fifth diode D5; the starting circuit comprises a power switch tube S1, a third resistor R3 and a sixth diode D6, and the flyback conversion circuit comprises a transformer, a seventh diode D7 and a fifth resistor R5, wherein: the transformer comprises a primary winding N1, a feedback winding N2 and a secondary winding N3; the positive direct current output end of the bridge rectifier circuit is connected with the power input end VCC of the UC3842 chip through a first resistor R1, the positive direct current output end of the bridge rectifier circuit is simultaneously connected with one end of a second resistor R2, one end of a fifth capacitor C5 and one input end of a primary winding N1, the negative electrode of a fifth diode D5 is simultaneously connected with the other end of the second resistor R2 and the other end of the fifth capacitor C5, the positive electrode of the fifth diode D5 is simultaneously connected with the other input end of the primary winding N1 and the drain electrode D of a power switch tube S1, the source electrode S of the power switch tube S1 is grounded through a fourth resistor R4, the grid electrode G of the power switch tube S1 is connected with the positive electrode of a sixth diode D6, the negative electrode of the sixth diode D6 is connected with the output end OUT of the UC3842 chip, and the third resistor R3 is connected in parallel with the two ends of the sixth diode D6; one input end of the feedback winding N2 is connected with the positive electrode of a seventh diode D7, the negative electrode of the seventh diode D7 is connected with one end of a fifth resistor R5, the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected with the power input end VCC of the UC3842 chip, and the other input end of the feedback winding N2 is grounded.
Further, the protection circuit includes a sixth resistor R6 and a sixth capacitor C6, wherein: one end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the source S of the power switch tube S1, and the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is simultaneously connected to one end of the sixth capacitor C6 and the current sensing end Cs of the UC3842 chip, and the other end of the sixth capacitor C6 is grounded.
Further, the oscillating circuit includes a seventh resistor R7, a seventh capacitor C7, an eighth capacitor C8, wherein: one end of the seventh resistor R7 and one end of the seventh capacitor C7 are simultaneously connected to the reference voltage output terminal VREF of the UC3842 chip, and the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to one end of the eighth capacitor C8 and the timing terminal RT/CT of the UC3842 chip, while the other end of the seventh capacitor C7 and the other end of the eighth capacitor C8 are simultaneously grounded.
Still further, the voltage stabilizing circuit includes a voltage stabilizing diode D8, a ninth capacitor C9, wherein: the negative electrode of the zener diode D8 and one end of the ninth capacitor C9 are simultaneously connected to the power input terminal VCC, the fifth resistor R5, and the first resistor R1 of the UC3842 chip, and the positive electrode of the zener diode D8 and the other end of the ninth capacitor C9 are simultaneously grounded.
Still further, the output filter circuit includes a ninth diode D9, a tenth diode D10, an eighth resistor R8, a tenth capacitor C10, a second inductor L2, and an auto-recovery switch RF, wherein: the positive electrodes of the ninth diode D9 and the twelfth diode D10 are connected with one output end of the secondary winding N3, the negative electrodes of the ninth diode D9 and the twelfth diode D10 are connected with the input end of the second inductor L2, the output end of the second inductor L2 is connected with the automatic recovery switch RF, and the input end and the output end of the second inductor L2 are grounded through an eleventh capacitor C11 and a twelfth capacitor C12 respectively; one end of the tenth capacitor C10 is connected to the positive electrode of the ninth diode D9, the other end of the tenth capacitor C10 is connected to one end of the eighth resistor R8, and the other end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the negative electrode of the ninth diode D9.
Still further, the feedback circuit includes a precision voltage regulator U1, a linear optocoupler U2, a ninth resistor R9, a tenth resistor R10, and a thirteenth capacitor C13, wherein: one end of a ninth resistor R9 and one end of a tenth resistor R10 are simultaneously connected with the input end of the second inductor L2, the other end of the tenth resistor R10 is connected with the anode of the linear optocoupler U2, one end of a thirteenth capacitor C13 and the reference electrode of the precision voltage stabilizing tube U1 are simultaneously connected with the other end of the thirteenth capacitor C13, the cathode of the precision voltage stabilizing tube U1 and the cathode of the linear optocoupler U2 are simultaneously connected with the other end of the thirteenth capacitor C13, an eleventh resistor R11 is connected between the anode of the precision voltage stabilizing tube U1 and the reference electrode, and the eleventh resistor R11 is grounded; the collector of the linear optocoupler U2 is connected with the compensation end Comp of the UC3842 chip through a twelfth resistor R12, the emitter of the linear optocoupler U2 is connected with the feedback end Vth of the UC3842 chip, a fourteenth capacitor C14 is connected between the compensation end Comp of the UC3842 chip and the feedback end Vth, and a thirteenth resistor R13 is connected between the compensation end Comp of the UC3842 chip and the reference voltage output end VREF.
Preferably, the precision voltage regulator tube U1 is of a model TL431, and the linear optocoupler U2 is of a model PC817.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention has reasonable design and convenient use, takes the UC3842 chip as a core control component, wherein the EMI filter circuit carries out low-pass filtering and forms an anti-serial mode and anti-common mode interference circuit with the front-stage protection circuit, which is used for inhibiting normal noise and common mode noise interference and has strong attenuation effect on electromagnetic interference; the output filter circuit adopts a mode of connecting the rectifier diodes in parallel, has fewer components and simple structure, can effectively reduce peak voltage and reduce circuit loss.
Drawings
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a system block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a pin diagram of a UC3842 chip in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an overall circuit diagram of the present invention.
In the figure: the circuit comprises a 1-front-stage protection circuit, a 2-EMI filter circuit, a 3-bridge rectifier circuit, a 4-flyback converter circuit, a 5-output filter circuit, a 6-feedback circuit, a 7-clamp circuit, an 8-starting circuit, a 9-adjustment control module, a 91-protection circuit, a 92-oscillating circuit and a 93-voltage stabilizing circuit.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a switching power supply transformer includes a front-stage protection circuit 1, an EMI filter circuit 2, a bridge rectifier circuit 3, a flyback converter circuit 4, an output filter circuit 5, a feedback circuit 6, a clamping circuit 7, a starting circuit 8, an adjustment control module 9, and a protection circuit 91, an oscillating circuit 92, and a voltage stabilizing circuit 93 which are connected in cooperation with the adjustment control module 9, wherein the adjustment control module 9 includes a UC382 chip and peripheral circuits thereof.
The front-stage protection circuit 1 comprises a thermistor RT, a varistor RV and a first capacitor C1, wherein: the two ends of the piezoresistor RV are respectively connected with a live wire end and a zero wire end of the alternating current input power supply Vi, one end of the thermistor RT is connected with the live wire end of the alternating current input power supply Vi, the other end of the thermistor RT is connected with one end of the first capacitor C1, and the other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected with the zero wire end of the alternating current input power supply Vi; the thermistor RT is selected from NTC10D-9, and the piezoresistor RV is selected from MYG14K471.
The EMI filter circuit 2 includes a first inductor L1, a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3, and a fourth capacitor C4, where two input ends of the first inductor L1 are connected to two ends of the first capacitor C1, respectively, and the third capacitor C3 and the fourth capacitor C4 are connected in series and then the second capacitor C2 is connected in parallel.
The bridge rectifier circuit 3 is formed by connecting four rectifier diodes D1-D4 and is provided with two alternating current input ends and two direct current output ends; one alternating current input end of the bridge rectifier circuit is simultaneously connected with one output end of the first sensor L1, one end of the second capacitor C2 and one end of the third capacitor C3, and the other alternating current input end is simultaneously connected with the other output end of the first sensor L1, the other end of the second capacitor C2 and one end of the fourth capacitor C4; the positive DC output end of the bridge rectifier circuit is connected with the flyback converter circuit 4, and the grounding electrode DC output end of the bridge rectifier circuit is connected with the connecting end of the third capacitor C3 and the fourth capacitor C4 and grounded through a lead.
The clamp circuit 7 includes a second resistor R2, a fifth capacitor C5, and a fifth diode D5; the starting circuit 8 includes a power switching tube S1, a third resistor R3, a sixth diode D6, and the flyback conversion circuit 4 includes a transformer, a seventh diode D7, and a fifth resistor R5, wherein: the transformer comprises a primary winding N1, a feedback winding N2 and a secondary winding N3; the positive DC output end of the bridge rectifier circuit 3 is connected with the power input end VCC of the UC3842 chip through a first resistor R1, the positive DC output end of the bridge rectifier circuit is simultaneously connected with one end of a second resistor R2, one end of a fifth capacitor C5 and one input end of a primary winding N1, the negative electrode of a fifth diode D5 is simultaneously connected with the other end of the second resistor R2 and the other end of the fifth capacitor C5, the positive electrode of the fifth diode D5 is simultaneously connected with the other input end of the primary winding N1 and the drain electrode D of a power switch tube S1, the source electrode S of the power switch tube S1 is grounded through a fourth resistor R4, the grid electrode G of the power switch tube S1 is connected with the positive electrode of a sixth diode D6, the negative electrode of the sixth diode D6 is connected with the output end OUT of the UC3842 chip, and the third resistor R3 is connected at two ends of the sixth diode D6 in parallel; one input end of the feedback winding N2 is connected with the positive electrode of a seventh diode D7, the negative electrode of the seventh diode D7 is connected with one end of a fifth resistor R5, the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected with the power input end VCC of the UC3842 chip, and the other input end of the feedback winding N2 is grounded.
The protection circuit 91 includes a sixth resistor R6 and a sixth capacitor C6, wherein: one end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the source S of the power switch tube S1, and the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is simultaneously connected to one end of the sixth capacitor C6 and the current sensing end Cs of the UC3842 chip, and the other end of the sixth capacitor C6 is grounded.
The oscillation circuit 92 includes a seventh resistor R7, a seventh capacitor C7, an eighth capacitor C8, wherein: one end of the seventh resistor R7 and one end of the seventh capacitor C7 are simultaneously connected to the reference voltage output terminal VREF of the UC3842 chip, and the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to one end of the eighth capacitor C8 and the timing terminal RT/CT of the UC3842 chip, while the other end of the seventh capacitor C7 and the other end of the eighth capacitor C8 are simultaneously grounded.
The voltage stabilizing circuit 93 includes a voltage stabilizing diode D8, a ninth capacitor C9, wherein: the negative electrode of the zener diode D8 and one end of the ninth capacitor C9 are simultaneously connected to the power input terminal VCC, the fifth resistor R5, and the first resistor R1 of the UC3842 chip, and the positive electrode of the zener diode D8 and the other end of the ninth capacitor C9 are simultaneously grounded.
The output filter circuit 5 includes a ninth diode D9, a tenth diode D10, an eighth resistor R8, a tenth capacitor C10, a second inductor L2, and an automatic recovery switch RF, wherein: the positive electrodes of the ninth diode D9 and the twelfth diode D10 are connected with one output end of the secondary winding N3, the negative electrodes of the ninth diode D9 and the twelfth diode D10 are connected with the input end of the second inductor L2, the output end of the second inductor L2 is connected with the automatic recovery switch RF, and the input end and the output end of the second inductor L2 are grounded through an eleventh capacitor C11 and a twelfth capacitor C12 respectively; one end of the tenth capacitor C10 is connected to the positive electrode of the ninth diode D9, the other end of the tenth capacitor C10 is connected to one end of the eighth resistor R8, and the other end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the negative electrode of the ninth diode D9.
The feedback circuit 6 includes a precision voltage regulator tube U1, a linear optocoupler U2, a ninth resistor R9, a tenth resistor R10, and a thirteenth capacitor C13, wherein: one end of a ninth resistor R9 and one end of a tenth resistor R10 are simultaneously connected with the input end of the second inductor L2, the other end of the tenth resistor R10 is connected with the anode of the linear optocoupler U2, one end of a thirteenth capacitor C13 and the reference electrode of the precision voltage stabilizing tube U1 are simultaneously connected with the other end of the thirteenth capacitor C13, the cathode of the precision voltage stabilizing tube U1 and the cathode of the linear optocoupler U2 are simultaneously connected with the other end of the thirteenth capacitor C13, an eleventh resistor R11 is connected between the anode of the precision voltage stabilizing tube U1 and the reference electrode, and the eleventh resistor R11 is grounded; the collector of the linear optocoupler U2 is connected with the compensation end Comp of the UC3842 chip through a twelfth resistor R12, the emitter of the linear optocoupler U2 is connected with the feedback end Vth of the UC3842 chip, a fourteenth capacitor C14 is connected between the compensation end Comp of the UC3842 chip and the feedback end Vth, and a thirteenth resistor R13 is connected between the compensation end Comp of the UC3842 chip and the reference voltage output end VREF.
The working engineering of the invention is as follows:
after the alternating current input power supply Vi passes through the front-stage protection circuit, the EMI filter circuit carries out low-pass filtering, and the EMI filter circuit and the front-stage protection circuit form an anti-serial mode and anti-common mode interference circuit which is used for inhibiting normal noise and common mode noise interference and has a strong attenuation effect on electromagnetic interference; the filtered alternating voltage is subjected to bridge rectification by D1-D4, filtered again by two capacitors C15 and C16 connected in parallel at the positive DC output end of the bridge rectification circuit to become a pulsating direct voltage of 310V, the voltage is reduced by a first resistor R1 and then charges a ninth capacitor C9, when the voltage of the ninth capacitor C9 reaches the starting voltage threshold value of a UC3842 chip, the UC3842 chip starts to work and provides driving pulse, and the output of a pin 6 pushes a power switching tube S1 to work. After the UC3842 chip is started, the work of the first resistor R1 is ended, the feedback winding N2 generates voltage to supply power to the UC3842 chip, and the input voltage of the UC3842 chip is limited by adopting the zener diode D8 because the input voltage exceeds the working voltage of the UC3842 chip, so that the situation that the UC3842 chip is damaged is avoided.
Because the unstable input voltage can cause the phenomenon that the circuit is unfavorable for the circuit operation, such as short circuit, overvoltage, undervoltage, etc., the circuit must have certain protect function. If the output terminal is shorted and overcurrent occurs, the drain current of the power switch tube S1 will rise greatly, the voltage across the fourth resistor R4 will rise, and the voltage of pin 3 (current sensing terminal Cs) of the UC3842 chip will also rise. When the voltage of the pin 3 (current sensing end Cs) exceeds the normal value of 0.3V and reaches 1V, the PWM comparator in the UC3842 chip outputs a high level through the pin 2 (feedback end Vth), so that the PWM latch is reset and the output is closed. At this time, pin 6 (power output terminal OUT) of the UC3842 chip has no output, and the power switching tube S1 is turned off, thereby protecting a circuit. If the supply voltage is over-voltage, the UC3842 chip cannot adjust the duty ratio above 265V, the voltage of the primary winding N1 of the transformer is greatly increased, the supply voltage of pin 7 (power input terminal VCC) of the UC3842 chip also increases sharply, and the voltage of pin 2 (feedback terminal Vth) also increases, closing the output. If the voltage of the power grid is lower than 85V, the voltage of the No. 1 pin (the compensation end Comp) of the UC3842 chip also drops, and when the voltage drops below lV, the 2PWM comparator outputs high level, so that the PWM latch is reset and the output is closed. If the output terminal is accidentally shorted, the output current will increase by a multiple, so that the heat inside the automatic recovery switch RF is increased, and the automatic recovery switch RF immediately breaks the circuit, thereby playing an overvoltage protection role. Once the fault is cleared, the automatic recovery switch RF quickly recovers the impedance within 5 seconds. The circuit has three protection of short-circuit overcurrent, overvoltage and undervoltage.
The model of the precise voltage stabilizing source U1 of the feedback circuit is TL431, and the model of the linear optocoupler U2 is PC817. An error voltage amplifier is formed by using a TL43l adjustable precision voltage stabilizer, and then the output is accurately adjusted by a linear optocoupler PC817. The ninth resistor R9 and the eleventh resistor R11 are external control resistors of the precision voltage-stabilizing source U1, and determine the output voltage, and form an external error amplifier together with the TL 431. When the output voltage increases, the voltage across the fifth resistor R5 increases; when the set voltage is greater than the reference voltage of the No. 8 pin of the UC3842 chip, the output voltage of the error amplifier in the precision voltage stabilizing source TL431 is increased, so that the output voltage of the driving triode in the UC3842 chip is reduced until the output voltage tends to be stable; conversely, the output voltage is reduced to cause the set voltage to be reduced, when the output voltage is lower than the set voltage, the output voltage of the error amplifier is reduced, the output voltage of the drive triode in the chip is increased, and finally the compensation input current of the No. 1 pin of the UC3842 chip is changed, so that the PWM comparator in the UC3842 chip is regulated, the duty ratio is changed, and the purpose of stabilizing voltage is achieved.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but all changes made by adopting the design principle of the present invention and performing non-creative work on the basis thereof shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a switching power supply transformer, includes preceding stage protection circuit (1), EMI filter circuit (2), bridge rectifier circuit (3), flyback converting circuit (4) and output filter circuit (5) that electric connection in proper order, its characterized in that: the device further comprises a feedback circuit (6), a clamping circuit (7), a starting circuit (8), an adjusting control module (9) and a protection circuit (91), an oscillating circuit (92) and a voltage stabilizing circuit (93) which are connected with the adjusting control module (9) in a matching way, wherein the feedback circuit (6) is connected with the output end of the output filter circuit (5) and the adjusting control module (9) at the same time, and the adjusting control module (9) is connected with the input end of the flyback conversion circuit (4); the clamping circuit (7) is simultaneously connected with the flyback converter circuit (4) and the starting circuit (8), the starting circuit (8) is simultaneously connected with the adjusting control module (9) and the protection circuit (91), and the voltage stabilizing circuit (93) is simultaneously connected with the flyback converter circuit (4); the adjusting control module (9) comprises a UC382 chip and a peripheral circuit thereof; the front-stage protection circuit (1) comprises a thermistor (RT), a varistor (RV) and a first capacitor (C1), wherein: the two ends of the piezoresistor (RV) are respectively connected with a live wire end and a zero wire end of the alternating current input power supply (Vi), one end of the thermistor (RT) is connected with the live wire end of the alternating current input power supply (Vi), the other end of the thermistor is connected with one end of the first capacitor (C1), and the other end of the first capacitor (C1) is connected with the zero wire end of the alternating current input power supply (Vi); the EMI filter circuit (2) comprises a first inductor (L1), a second capacitor (C2), a third capacitor (C3) and a fourth capacitor (C4), wherein two input ends of the first inductor (L1) are respectively connected with two ends of the first capacitor (C1), and the third capacitor (C3) is connected with the fourth capacitor (C4) in series and then connected with the second capacitor (C2) in parallel; the bridge rectifier circuit (3) is formed by connecting four rectifier diodes D1-D4 and is provided with two alternating current input ends and two direct current output ends; an alternating current input end of the bridge rectifier circuit (3) is simultaneously connected with one output end of the first inductor (L1), one end of the second capacitor (C2) and one end of the third capacitor (C3), and the other alternating current input end is simultaneously connected with the other output end of the first inductor (L1), the other end of the second capacitor (C2) and one end of the fourth capacitor (C4); the positive DC output end of the bridge rectifier circuit is connected with the flyback converter circuit (4), and the grounding electrode DC output end of the bridge rectifier circuit is connected with the connecting end of the third capacitor (C3) and the fourth capacitor (C4) and grounded through a lead.
2. A switching power supply transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the clamping circuit (7) comprises a second resistor (R2), a fifth capacitor (C5) and a fifth diode (D5); the starting circuit (8) comprises a power switch tube (S1), a third resistor (R3) and a sixth diode (D6), and the flyback conversion circuit (4) comprises a transformer, a seventh diode (D7) and a fifth resistor (R5), wherein: the transformer comprises a primary winding (N1), a feedback winding (N2) and a secondary winding (N3); the positive direct current output end of the bridge rectifier circuit is connected with the power input end (VCC) of the UC3842 chip through a first resistor (R1), the positive direct current output end of the bridge rectifier circuit is simultaneously connected with one end of a second resistor (R2), one end of a fifth capacitor (C5) and one input end of a primary winding (N1), the negative electrode of the fifth diode (D5) is simultaneously connected with the other end of the second resistor (R2) and the other end of the fifth capacitor (C5), the positive electrode of the fifth diode (D5) is simultaneously connected with the other input end of the primary winding (N1) and the drain electrode of a power switch tube (S1), the source electrode of the power switch tube (S1) is grounded through a fourth resistor (R4), the grid electrode of the power switch tube (S1) is connected with the positive electrode of a sixth diode (D6), the negative electrode of the sixth diode (D6) is connected with the output end (OUT) of the UC3842 chip, and the third resistor (R3) is connected in parallel with the two ends of the sixth diode (D6); one input end of the feedback winding (N2) is connected with the positive electrode of a seventh diode (D7), the negative electrode of the seventh diode (D7) is connected with one end of a fifth resistor (R5), the other end of the fifth resistor (R5) is connected with the power input end (VCC) of the UC3842 chip, and the other input end of the feedback winding (N2) is grounded.
3. A switching power supply transformer according to claim 2, characterized in that: the protection circuit (91) comprises a sixth resistor (R6) and a sixth capacitor (C6), wherein: one end of a sixth resistor (R6) is connected with the source electrode of the power switch tube (S1), the other end of the sixth resistor (R6) is simultaneously connected with one end of a sixth capacitor (C6) and the current sensing end (Cs) of the UC3842 chip, and the other end of the sixth capacitor (C6) is grounded.
4. A switching power supply transformer according to claim 3, characterized in that: the oscillating circuit (92) comprises a seventh resistor (R7), a seventh capacitor (C7), an eighth capacitor (C8), wherein: one end of a seventh resistor (R7) and one end of a seventh capacitor (C7) are simultaneously connected with a reference voltage output end (VREF) of the UC3842 chip, the other end of the seventh resistor (R7) is connected with one end of an eighth capacitor (C8) and a timing end (RT/CT) of the UC3842 chip, and the other end of the seventh capacitor (C7) and the other end of the eighth capacitor (C8) are simultaneously grounded.
5. A switching power supply transformer according to claim 4, wherein: the voltage stabilizing circuit (93) comprises a voltage stabilizing diode (D8) and a ninth capacitor (C9), wherein: one end of the negative pole of the voltage stabilizing diode (D8) and one end of the ninth capacitor (C9) are simultaneously connected with the power input end (VCC) of the UC3842 chip, the fifth resistor (R5) and the first resistor (R1), and the positive pole of the voltage stabilizing diode (D8) and the other end of the ninth capacitor (C9) are simultaneously grounded.
6. A switching power supply transformer according to claim 5, wherein: the output filter circuit (5) comprises a ninth diode (D9), a twelfth diode (D10), an eighth resistor (R8), a tenth capacitor (C10), a second inductor (L2), and an automatic recovery switch (RF), wherein: the positive electrodes of the ninth diode (D9) and the twelfth diode (D10) are connected with one output end of the secondary winding (N3), the negative electrodes of the ninth diode (D9) and the twelfth diode (D10) are connected with the input end of the second inductor (L2), the output end of the second inductor (L2) is connected with the automatic recovery switch (RF), and the input end and the output end of the second inductor (L2) are grounded through an eleventh capacitor (C11) and a twelfth capacitor (C12) respectively; one end of a tenth capacitor (C10) is connected to the positive electrode of a ninth diode (D9), the other end of the tenth capacitor (C10) is connected to one end of an eighth resistor (R8), and the other end of the eighth resistor (R8) is connected to the negative electrode of the ninth diode (D9).
7. A switching power supply transformer according to claim 6, wherein: the feedback circuit (6) comprises a precision voltage stabilizing tube (U1), a linear optocoupler (U2), a ninth resistor (R9), a tenth resistor (R10) and a thirteenth capacitor (C13), wherein: one end of a ninth resistor (R9) and one end of a tenth resistor (R10) are simultaneously connected with the input end of a second inductor (L2), the other end of the tenth resistor (R10) is connected with the anode of a linear optocoupler (U2), the other end of the ninth resistor (R9) is simultaneously connected with one end of a thirteenth capacitor (C13) and the reference electrode of a precision voltage stabilizing tube (U1), the other end of the thirteenth capacitor (C13) is simultaneously connected with the cathode of the precision voltage stabilizing tube (U1) and the cathode of the linear optocoupler (U2), an eleventh resistor (R11) is connected between the anode of the precision voltage stabilizing tube (U1) and the reference electrode, and the eleventh resistor (R11) is grounded; the collector of the linear optocoupler (U2) is connected with the compensation end (Comp) of the UC3842 chip through a twelfth resistor (R12), the emitter of the linear optocoupler (U2) is connected with the feedback end (Vth) of the UC3842 chip, a fourteenth capacitor (C14) is connected between the compensation end (Comp) of the UC3842 chip and the feedback end (Vth), and a thirteenth resistor (R13) is connected between the compensation end (Comp) of the UC3842 chip and the reference voltage output end (VREF).
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