CN117175072B - Thermal management system and method applied to lithium ion battery pack - Google Patents
Thermal management system and method applied to lithium ion battery pack Download PDFInfo
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- CN117175072B CN117175072B CN202311412701.1A CN202311412701A CN117175072B CN 117175072 B CN117175072 B CN 117175072B CN 202311412701 A CN202311412701 A CN 202311412701A CN 117175072 B CN117175072 B CN 117175072B
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 33
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010001267 Protein Subunits Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010277 constant-current charging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010280 constant potential charging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010281 constant-current constant-voltage charging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention discloses a thermal management system and a thermal management method applied to a lithium ion battery pack, which belong to the technical field of battery packs and specifically comprise the following steps: monitoring the real-time temperature of the lithium ion battery pack, and setting a proper temperature interval; comparing the real-time temperature of the battery pack with a proper temperature interval at the initial stage of charging the battery pack, and if the initial real-time temperature is not in the proper temperature interval, adjusting the real-time temperature of the battery pack to the lower limit of the proper temperature interval, and waiting for the real-time temperature to rise to the median value of the proper temperature interval; drawing a curve of the change of the real-time temperature T along with time, obtaining the tangential slope of the median of the curve in a proper temperature interval, calculating the temperature rising speed according to the slope, calculating the corresponding cooling power, and taking the cooling power as the cooling power after the initial charging stage of the battery pack is finished; heating or cooling the battery pack according to the real-time temperature; the invention realizes that the temperature of the battery in a charged state is stably kept in a proper temperature range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery packs, in particular to a thermal management system and a thermal management method applied to a lithium ion battery pack.
Background
Lithium ion batteries have been widely used in various applications such as electric vehicles, mobile devices, and renewable energy storage systems. In order to ensure the performance and safety of lithium ion batteries, efficient thermal management of the lithium ion batteries is important. The performance of an electric vehicle depends on the performance of a battery pack, which generates energy through its own electrochemical reaction. During the process of charging the battery pack, a certain amount of heat is released to the outside, so that the temperature of the battery pack increases, and the high-temperature or low-temperature environment may affect the performance and the service life of the lithium ion battery pack, so that a system capable of monitoring and controlling the temperature of the battery pack is needed.
The conventional battery pack management method is generally characterized in that when the temperature of the battery is high, the battery pack is simply cooled by using the regulated power of a fixed gear or several gears, and the cooling efficiency is very high, but the temperature of the battery pack cannot be kept in a stable range because the battery pack cannot be cooled in a matched manner according to the actual heating condition of the battery pack.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a thermal management system and a thermal management method applied to a lithium ion battery pack, which solve the following technical problems:
the conventional battery pack management method is generally characterized in that when the temperature of the battery is high, the battery pack is simply cooled by using the regulated power of a fixed gear or several gears, and the cooling efficiency is very high, but the temperature of the battery pack cannot be kept in a stable range because the battery pack cannot be cooled in a matched manner according to the actual heating condition of the battery pack.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a be applied to thermal management system of lithium ion battery, includes data acquisition module, temperature control module, data processing module, group battery temperature control module, wherein:
the data acquisition module is used for monitoring the real-time temperature T of the lithium ion battery pack and setting a proper temperature interval [ m, n ];
the temperature control module is used for comparing the real-time temperature T of the battery pack with a proper temperature interval [ m, n ] at the initial stage of charging the battery pack, heating the battery pack if the initial real-time temperature T is smaller than m, stopping heating when the real-time temperature T reaches m, and ending the initial stage when the real-time temperature T rises to (m+n)/2; if the initial real-time temperature m is less than T and less than n, firstly cooling the battery pack, stopping cooling after the real-time temperature is reduced to m, and increasing the real-time temperature T to (m+n)/2; if the initial real-time temperature T is more than n, firstly cooling the battery pack, stopping cooling after the real-time temperature is reduced to m, and increasing the real-time temperature T to (m+n)/2;
the data processing module is used for drawing a curve of the change of the real-time temperature T along with time in the process of increasing from m to (m+n)/2, obtaining the tangential slope k of a coordinate point when the real-time temperature T is (m+n)/2, calculating the temperature increasing speed when the real-time temperature T is (m+n)/2 according to the slope k, calculating the total heat increasing speed of the battery pack according to the temperature increasing speed, calculating the corresponding cooling power according to the total heat increasing speed, and taking the cooling power as the cooling power after the initial charging stage of the battery pack is finished;
the battery pack temperature control module is used for heating or cooling the battery pack according to the real-time temperature T of the battery pack at the initial stage of charging the battery pack, and cooling the battery pack for a long time according to the cooling power.
As a further scheme of the invention: in the data processing module, the specific process of calculating the corresponding cooling power is as follows:
the temperature rising speed v1=Δt/Δt=k, and the calculation formula of the cooling power is:
P=αkmC；
wherein alpha is a preset correction coefficient, m is the total mass of the battery pack, and C is the specific heat capacity of the battery cell of the lithium ion battery pack.
As a further scheme of the invention: when the battery pack is charged each time, the system firstly controls the real-time temperature T of the battery pack through the temperature control module, then processes data in the control process of the temperature control module through the data processing module, determines the cooling power of charging the battery pack after the initial stage, and if the real-time temperature T of the battery pack deviates from a proper temperature interval under the cooling power, repeats the process; and the process is repeated as well when the battery pack is charged next time.
As a further scheme of the invention: in the data acquisition module, the acquisition process of the real-time temperature T is as follows:
dividing the battery pack into a plurality of battery cells, respectively acquiring the real-time temperature T0 of each battery cell, acquiring the average and median of the real-time temperatures T0 of all the battery cells, and marking the average value and the median as the real-time temperature T.
As a further scheme of the invention: and extracting the highest value and the lowest value of the real-time temperature T0 of the single battery cell, stopping charging if the difference value of the highest value and the lowest value is larger than (m-n)/2, checking the battery pack, interrupting charging if the difference value of the highest value and the lowest value is larger than (m-n)/4 but smaller than (m-n)/2, and continuing charging after the difference value is smaller than (m-n)/4.
As a further scheme of the invention: the battery pack temperature control module is divided into a plurality of subunits, and each subunit corresponds to the single battery cell one by one.
A thermal management method for a lithium ion battery pack, comprising the steps of:
monitoring the real-time temperature T of the lithium ion battery pack, and setting a proper temperature interval [ m, n ];
comparing the real-time temperature T of the battery with a proper temperature interval [ m, n ] at the initial stage of charging the battery, heating the battery if the initial real-time temperature T is smaller than m, stopping heating when the real-time temperature T reaches m, and ending the initial stage when the real-time temperature T rises to (m+n)/2; if the initial real-time temperature m is less than T and less than n, firstly cooling the battery pack, stopping cooling after the real-time temperature is reduced to m, and increasing the real-time temperature T to (m+n)/2; if the initial real-time temperature T is more than n, firstly cooling the battery pack, stopping cooling after the real-time temperature is reduced to m, and increasing the real-time temperature T to (m+n)/2;
drawing a curve of the change of the real-time temperature T along with time in the process of increasing from m to (m+n)/2, obtaining a tangential slope k of a coordinate point of the curve when the real-time temperature T is (m+n)/2, calculating the temperature increasing speed when the real-time temperature T is (m+n)/2 according to the slope k, calculating the total heat increasing speed of the battery pack according to the temperature increasing speed, calculating the corresponding cooling power according to the total heat increasing speed, and taking the cooling power as the cooling power after the initial charging stage of the battery pack is finished;
and heating or cooling the battery pack according to the real-time temperature T of the battery pack at the initial stage of charging the battery pack, and cooling the battery pack for a long time according to the cooling power.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention firstly carries out preliminary temperature regulation and control on the battery pack in a charging state, firstly adjusts the temperature of the battery pack to the lower limit of a proper temperature interval, and then stops, because the battery pack can gradually rise in temperature in the charging state, the invention obtains the temperature rising speed when the battery pack rises to the median value of the proper temperature interval under the current objective condition, and calculates the corresponding cooling power, thereby the heat absorbed by the temperature control module is equal to the heat generated by the battery pack at the moment, the heat of the battery pack is kept at the constant temperature for a long time, thereby realizing long-term stable and accurate regulation and control on the charging of the battery pack and ensuring the normal operation of the battery pack.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a thermal management method applied to a lithium ion battery pack according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention is a thermal management system and method for a lithium ion battery pack, including a data acquisition module, a temperature control module, a data processing module, and a battery pack temperature control module, wherein:
the data acquisition module is used for monitoring the real-time temperature T of the lithium ion battery pack and setting a proper temperature interval [ m, n ];
the temperature control module is used for comparing the real-time temperature T of the battery pack with a proper temperature interval [ m, n ] at the initial stage of charging the battery pack, heating the battery pack if the initial real-time temperature T is smaller than m, stopping heating when the real-time temperature T reaches m, and ending the initial stage when the real-time temperature T rises to (m+n)/2; if the initial real-time temperature m is less than T and less than n, firstly cooling the battery pack, stopping cooling after the real-time temperature is reduced to m, and increasing the real-time temperature T to (m+n)/2; if the initial real-time temperature T is more than n, firstly cooling the battery pack, stopping cooling after the real-time temperature is reduced to m, and increasing the real-time temperature T to (m+n)/2;
the data processing module is used for drawing a curve of the change of the real-time temperature T along with time in the process of increasing from m to (m+n)/2, obtaining the tangential slope k of a coordinate point when the real-time temperature T is (m+n)/2, calculating the temperature increasing speed when the real-time temperature T is (m+n)/2 according to the slope k, calculating the total heat increasing speed of the battery pack according to the temperature increasing speed, calculating the corresponding cooling power according to the total heat increasing speed, and taking the cooling power as the cooling power after the initial charging stage of the battery pack is finished;
the battery pack temperature control module is used for heating or cooling the battery pack according to the real-time temperature T of the battery pack at the initial stage of charging the battery pack, and cooling the battery pack for a long time according to the cooling power.
As is known in the art, the charging profile of a lithium ion battery can generally be divided into three main phases: constant current charging, constant voltage charging and titration charging. Wherein:
constant current charging stage:
at this stage, the charger supplies a constant current. The voltage of the battery gradually rises and chemical reactions inside the battery begin to intercalate lithium ions into the positive electrode material. The charging rate at this stage is relatively fast and the battery temperature may rise slightly.
Constant voltage charging phase:
once the battery reaches a certain voltage threshold (typically its rated voltage), the charger will keep the voltage constant. At this stage, the battery continues to sink current, but the voltage remains unchanged. The reaction inside the battery continues until the charging current drops to a predetermined low limit, typically a fraction of the battery capacity.
Titration Charging phase (Trickle Charging):
once the battery charging current drops to a low limit, the charger may continue to maintain the battery state of charge with little current. This helps the battery to fill and maintain its state of charge without causing overcharging. Titration charging may be maintained for a period of time to ensure that the battery is full, and then typically automatically stopped or entered into a maintenance charging mode.
As can be seen from the above, during the charging process of the battery pack, although the temperature of the battery pack gradually increases, the temperature increasing speed of the battery pack gradually decreases, so the invention determines the heat balance cooling power in the median of the suitable temperature interval, when the temperature of the battery pack is at a lower value, the heat absorbing speed of the cooling power of the invention is lower than the heat increasing speed at this time because the heat increasing speed of the battery pack is higher at this time, so the temperature of the battery pack gradually increases, and when the temperature increases to the median of the suitable temperature, the temperature reaches the balance state with the cooling power; when the temperature of the battery pack is at a lower value, the heat absorption speed of the cooling power is higher than the heat absorption speed of the battery pack at the time because the heat increasing speed of the battery pack is slower at the time, so that the temperature of the battery pack gradually decreases, and the battery pack reaches an equilibrium state with the cooling power when the temperature of the battery pack decreases to a proper temperature median value. Therefore, the invention can always keep the temperature of the battery pack in a proper range.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the data processing module, a specific process of calculating the corresponding cooling power is:
the temperature rising speed v1=Δt/Δt=k, and the calculation formula of the cooling power is:
P=αkmC；
wherein alpha is a preset correction coefficient, m is the total mass of the battery pack, and C is the specific heat capacity of the battery cell of the lithium ion battery pack.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the battery pack is charged each time, the system firstly controls the real-time temperature T of the battery pack through the temperature control module, then processes the data in the control process of the temperature control module through the data processing module, determines the cooling power of the battery pack charged after the initial stage, and if the real-time temperature T of the battery pack deviates from the suitable temperature interval under the cooling power, repeats the above process; and the process is repeated as well when the battery pack is charged next time.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the data acquisition module, the process of acquiring the real-time temperature T is:
dividing the battery pack into a plurality of battery cells, respectively acquiring the real-time temperature T0 of each battery cell, acquiring the average and median of the real-time temperatures T0 of all the battery cells, and marking the average value and the median as the real-time temperature T.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the highest value and the lowest value of the real-time temperature T0 of the single battery cell are extracted, if the difference between the highest value and the lowest value is greater than (m-n)/2, the charging is stopped, the battery pack is checked, if the difference between the highest value and the lowest value is greater than (m-n)/4 but less than (m-n)/2, the charging is stopped, and the charging is continued after the difference is less than (m-n)/4.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the battery pack temperature control module is divided into a plurality of sub-units, and each sub-unit corresponds to the single battery cell one by one.
A thermal management method for a lithium ion battery pack, comprising the steps of:
monitoring the real-time temperature T of the lithium ion battery pack, and setting a proper temperature interval [ m, n ];
comparing the real-time temperature T of the battery with a proper temperature interval [ m, n ] at the initial stage of charging the battery, heating the battery if the initial real-time temperature T is smaller than m, stopping heating when the real-time temperature T reaches m, and ending the initial stage when the real-time temperature T rises to (m+n)/2; if the initial real-time temperature m is less than T and less than n, firstly cooling the battery pack, stopping cooling after the real-time temperature is reduced to m, and increasing the real-time temperature T to (m+n)/2; if the initial real-time temperature T is more than n, firstly cooling the battery pack, stopping cooling after the real-time temperature is reduced to m, and increasing the real-time temperature T to (m+n)/2;
drawing a curve of the change of the real-time temperature T along with time in the process of increasing from m to (m+n)/2, obtaining a tangential slope k of a coordinate point of the curve when the real-time temperature T is (m+n)/2, calculating the temperature increasing speed when the real-time temperature T is (m+n)/2 according to the slope k, calculating the total heat increasing speed of the battery pack according to the temperature increasing speed, calculating the corresponding cooling power according to the total heat increasing speed, and taking the cooling power as the cooling power after the initial charging stage of the battery pack is finished;
and heating or cooling the battery pack according to the real-time temperature T of the battery pack at the initial stage of charging the battery pack, and cooling the battery pack for a long time according to the cooling power.
The foregoing describes one embodiment of the present invention in detail, but the description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent changes and modifications within the scope of the present invention are intended to be covered by the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a be applied to thermal management system of lithium ion battery group, its characterized in that includes data acquisition module, temperature control module, data processing module, group battery temperature control module, wherein:
the data acquisition module is used for monitoring the real-time temperature T of the lithium ion battery pack and setting a proper temperature interval [ m, n ];
the temperature control module is used for comparing the real-time temperature T of the battery pack with a proper temperature interval [ m, n ] at the initial stage of charging the battery pack, heating the battery pack if the initial real-time temperature T is smaller than m, stopping heating when the real-time temperature T reaches m, and ending the initial stage when the real-time temperature T rises to (m+n)/2; if the initial real-time temperature m is less than T and less than n, firstly cooling the battery pack, stopping cooling after the real-time temperature is reduced to m, and increasing the real-time temperature T to (m+n)/2; if the initial real-time temperature T is more than n, firstly cooling the battery pack, stopping cooling after the real-time temperature is reduced to m, and increasing the real-time temperature T to (m+n)/2;
the data processing module is used for drawing a curve of the change of the real-time temperature T along with time in the process of increasing from m to (m+n)/2, obtaining the tangential slope k of a coordinate point when the real-time temperature T is (m+n)/2, calculating the temperature increasing speed when the real-time temperature T is (m+n)/2 according to the slope k, calculating the total heat increasing speed of the battery pack according to the temperature increasing speed, calculating the corresponding cooling power according to the total heat increasing speed, and taking the cooling power as the cooling power after the initial charging stage of the battery pack is finished;
the battery pack temperature control module is used for heating or cooling the battery pack according to the real-time temperature T of the battery pack at the initial stage of charging the battery pack and cooling the battery pack for a long time according to the cooling power;
when the battery pack is charged each time, the system firstly controls the real-time temperature T of the battery pack through the temperature control module, then processes data in the control process of the temperature control module through the data processing module, determines the cooling power of charging the battery pack after the initial stage, and if the real-time temperature T of the battery pack deviates from a proper temperature interval under the cooling power, repeats the process; and the process is repeated as well when the battery pack is charged next time.
2. The thermal management system for a lithium ion battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of calculating the corresponding cooling power in the data processing module is as follows:
the temperature rising speed v1=Δt/Δt=k, and the calculation formula of the cooling power is:
P=αkmC；
wherein alpha is a preset correction coefficient, m is the total mass of the battery pack, and C is the specific heat capacity of the battery cell of the lithium ion battery pack.
3. The thermal management system for a lithium ion battery pack according to claim 1, wherein in the data acquisition module, the acquisition process of the real-time temperature T is:
dividing the battery pack into a plurality of battery cells, respectively acquiring the real-time temperature T0 of each battery cell, acquiring the average and median of the real-time temperatures T0 of all the battery cells, and marking the average value and the median as the real-time temperature T.
4. A thermal management system for a lithium ion battery pack according to claim 3 wherein the highest and lowest values of the real-time temperature T0 of the individual cells are extracted, if the difference between the highest and lowest values is greater than (m-n)/2, charging is stopped, the battery pack is inspected, if the difference between the highest and lowest values is greater than (m-n)/4 but less than (m-n)/2, charging is stopped, and charging is continued until the difference is below (m-n)/4.
5. A thermal management system for a lithium ion battery pack according to claim 3 wherein said battery pack temperature control module is divided into a plurality of sub-units, each of said sub-units being in one-to-one correspondence with said single cell.
6. A thermal management method for a lithium ion battery pack, comprising the steps of:
monitoring the real-time temperature T of the lithium ion battery pack, and setting a proper temperature interval [ m, n ];
comparing the real-time temperature T of the battery with a proper temperature interval [ m, n ] at the initial stage of charging the battery, heating the battery if the initial real-time temperature T is smaller than m, stopping heating when the real-time temperature T reaches m, and ending the initial stage when the real-time temperature T rises to (m+n)/2; if the initial real-time temperature m is less than T and less than n, firstly cooling the battery pack, stopping cooling after the real-time temperature is reduced to m, and increasing the real-time temperature T to (m+n)/2; if the initial real-time temperature T is more than n, firstly cooling the battery pack, stopping cooling after the real-time temperature is reduced to m, and increasing the real-time temperature T to (m+n)/2;
drawing a curve of the change of the real-time temperature T along with time in the process of increasing from m to (m+n)/2, obtaining a tangential slope k of a coordinate point of the curve when the real-time temperature T is (m+n)/2, calculating the temperature increasing speed when the real-time temperature T is (m+n)/2 according to the slope k, calculating the total heat increasing speed of the battery pack according to the temperature increasing speed, calculating the corresponding cooling power according to the total heat increasing speed, and taking the cooling power as the cooling power after the initial charging stage of the battery pack is finished;
heating or cooling the battery pack according to the real-time temperature T of the battery pack in the initial charging stage of the battery pack, and cooling the battery pack for a long time according to the cooling power;
when the battery pack is charged each time, the system firstly controls the real-time temperature T of the battery pack through the temperature control module, then processes data in the control process of the temperature control module through the data processing module, determines the cooling power of charging the battery pack after the initial stage, and if the real-time temperature T of the battery pack deviates from a proper temperature interval under the cooling power, repeats the process; and the process is repeated as well when the battery pack is charged next time.
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