CN116345014B - Large energy storage system thermal management method, electronic equipment and storage medium - Google Patents

Large energy storage system thermal management method, electronic equipment and storage medium Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116345014B
CN116345014B CN202310627539.9A CN202310627539A CN116345014B CN 116345014 B CN116345014 B CN 116345014B CN 202310627539 A CN202310627539 A CN 202310627539A CN 116345014 B CN116345014 B CN 116345014B
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energy storage
storage system
thermal management
battery
temperature
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CN116345014A (en
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施敏捷
王中照
徐庆涛
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Suzhou Jingkong Energy Technology Co ltd
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Suzhou Jk Energy Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63Control systems
    • H01M10/633Control systems characterised by algorithms, flow charts, software details or the like
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613Cooling or keeping cold
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615Heating or keeping warm
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6561Gases
    • H01M10/6563Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567Liquids
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a thermal management method of a large energy storage system, electronic equipment and a storage medium, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the energy storage system control unit identifies thermal management mode configuration information of the energy storage system; if the opening condition of the identified thermal management mode is met, entering a thermal management instruction control flow; identifying configuration information of a thermal management execution unit of the energy storage system, and sending a corresponding thermal management instruction combination; if the temperature difference of the energy storage system is larger than a preset value, calculating the temperature difference between the battery clusters; and if the temperature difference between the battery clusters is larger than a preset value, controlling the thermal management executing unit to carry out thermal management. According to the invention, the heat management of the energy storage system with a multi-level architecture can be realized, the control unit of the energy storage system is responsible for the heat management control of the whole energy storage system, and when the heat management strategy or parameters need to be changed, only the software of the control unit of the energy storage system needs to be updated, so that the convenience of system maintenance is good; and the heat management is performed on the battery cluster level, the heat management efficiency is high, and the heat management requirement of a large-scale energy storage system is met.

Description

Large energy storage system thermal management method, electronic equipment and storage medium
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of battery technologies, and in particular, to a thermal management method for a large energy storage system, an electronic device, and a storage medium.
Background
With the gradual increase of the clean energy duty ratio, the energy storage plays a vital role on the power generation side, the power grid side and the user side of the power system. Electrochemical energy storage has the advantages of high energy density, flexible application, quick response and the like, and the permeability is quickly improved.
In the future, with the demand of energy storage power stations with larger battery capacity and higher system power density such as new energy power stations, off-grid energy storage and the like, the energy density and the heating value of the energy storage system are larger, and the requirements on safety and service life are higher.
The temperature has a great influence on the performance of the electrochemical energy storage system, such as battery capacity, power, safety and the like. The energy storage system aggregates a greater number of batteries and a greater battery capacity and power than the power battery system. A large number of batteries are closely arranged in a space, the operation working conditions are complex and changeable, the time and high multiplying power and the time and low multiplying power are easy to cause the problems of uneven heat generation, uneven temperature distribution, larger temperature difference among batteries and the like. These problems may lead to degradation of charge and discharge performance, capacity, life, etc. of a part of the battery, thereby affecting the performance of the entire energy storage system, and causing thermal runaway in severe cases, resulting in safety accidents.
In the present stage, in a large energy storage system application where a plurality of battery clusters are used in parallel, the system temperature difference control faces a great challenge due to the large number of battery clusters (a plurality of battery packs are connected in series) and battery packs (a single battery pack). If the temperature difference of the battery system is required to be controlled to be less than 5 ℃, the temperature difference control of the cluster level and the pack level is required to be more accurate, if the temperature difference control of the system is not proper, the battery cluster or the pack of the battery can be affected by the temperature in the use process of the battery system, the performance difference can be larger and larger, so that the consistency of the battery cells is poor, the service life of the battery system is reduced, the performance of the system is reduced, the system cannot be used, the shutdown maintenance is required, and the shutdown risk or the benefit loss in the electric power operation is brought to the customers.
The existing heat management schemes of the energy storage system mostly determine a temperature regulation strategy of a temperature regulation system according to battery parameters of a battery system, and the temperature regulation of an electric core is controlled through the temperature regulation strategy. Such as: the application date is 2021, 04 and 02, publication number is CN113097597A, chinese patent application name is heat management method of energy storage system, controller and energy storage system. The scheme is applied to a system level controller, the system level controller and the temperature regulating system realize linkage control and coordination control, the system level controller determines the temperature regulating strategy of the temperature regulating system according to the battery parameters of the battery system, and then the temperature regulating system is controlled to execute the temperature regulating strategy, and finally the temperature regulating system regulates the temperature of the battery system according to the battery parameters. However, since the above-mentioned invention patent determines the temperature regulation strategy according to the battery parameters of the battery system, for the energy storage system of the multi-stage architecture, when the thermal management strategy or parameters need to be changed, the convenience of the later system maintenance is poor and the technical difficulty is high; the invention relates to a battery pack temperature control method, which is characterized in that the average temperature of a battery pack is compared with the average temperature of a battery core of a system, the flow rate of coolant in the battery pack is controlled to be increased or decreased, the average temperature of the battery pack is equal to the average temperature of the battery core of the system, for an energy storage system with a multi-level structure, the temperature difference of a battery cluster or a battery pack cannot be safely, quickly and accurately controlled to reach an optimal state, the risk of abnormal execution of thermal management possibly occurs, the temperature control is only carried out at the level of the battery pack, the flow rate of the coolant is determined according to the temperature difference, the problems of low thermal management efficiency and inaccurate temperature control exist, and the temperature cannot be accurately controlled according to the practical project conditions of the energy storage system.
Disclosure of Invention
To achieve the above and other advantages and in accordance with the purpose of the present invention, a first object of the present invention is to provide a thermal management method of a large energy storage system, comprising the steps of:
the energy storage system control unit identifies the configuration information of the thermal management mode of the energy storage system, wherein the thermal management mode is arranged in the energy storage system control unit and is used for heating and/or radiating management of the battery clusters and/or the battery packs;
the energy storage system control unit judges whether the starting condition of the identified thermal management mode is met or not;
if yes, entering a thermal management instruction control flow;
the energy storage system control unit identifies configuration information of a thermal management execution unit of the energy storage system; the thermal management execution unit is a battery cluster control unit and/or a battery core control unit;
the energy storage system control unit sends corresponding thermal management instruction combinations according to the identified thermal management execution unit configuration information, and the thermal management instruction combinations are used for controlling the opening and closing of the thermal management functions, controlling the opening and closing of heat dissipation or heating and controlling the opening temperature and the closing temperature of heat dissipation or heating by the energy storage system control unit;
the energy storage system control unit judges whether the temperature difference of the energy storage system is larger than a preset value;
otherwise, ending;
if yes, calculating the temperature difference between the battery clusters;
the energy storage system control unit judges whether the temperature difference between the battery clusters is larger than a preset value or not;
otherwise, jumping to the step of judging whether the temperature difference of the energy storage system is larger than a preset value;
if yes, controlling the thermal management execution unit to start all fans or heaters in the battery cluster exceeding the average temperature of the lowest temperature battery cluster or being lower than the average temperature of the highest temperature battery cluster by taking the average temperature of the lowest temperature battery cluster or the average temperature of the highest temperature battery cluster as a reference, and judging whether the temperature difference of the energy storage system is smaller than a preset value;
if yes, the fan or the heater which is started is turned off;
and if not, jumping to control the thermal management execution unit to start all fans or heaters in the battery clusters, which exceed the average temperature of the lowest temperature battery cluster or are lower than the average temperature of the highest temperature battery cluster by a preset value, based on the average temperature of the lowest temperature battery cluster or the average temperature of the highest temperature battery cluster.
Further, the thermal management modes include a first thermal management mode for heat dissipation management and heat management of the energy storage system, a second thermal management mode for heat dissipation management of the energy storage system, and a third thermal management mode for heat management of the energy storage system;
the starting condition of the thermal management mode is that the temperature of the energy storage system reaches a preset value.
Further, the thermal management instruction combination includes a thermal management active bit for setting the energy storage system control unit, the battery cluster control unit, or the cell control unit to perform thermal management, a thermal management execution bit for setting the battery cluster control unit and/or the cell control unit to execute instructions, a thermal management enable bit for setting whether heat dissipation and/or heating is allowed, a thermal management control bit for setting heat dissipation and/or heating enable, a thermal management control bit for turning on or off heat dissipation and/or heating, and a thermal management temperature set value for setting heat dissipation and/or heating on temperature and off temperature.
Further, the method further comprises the steps of: if the thermal management is performed abnormally, the thermal management enable bit is set to not enable heat dissipation and/or heating.
Further, after the step of judging whether the temperature difference of the energy storage system is larger than the preset value, the energy storage system control unit further comprises the following steps:
if the energy storage system control unit judges that the temperature difference of the energy storage system is not larger than a preset value, the temperature difference of the battery packs in each battery cluster is calculated;
if the energy storage system control unit judges that the temperature difference between the battery clusters is not larger than a preset value, the energy storage system control unit judges whether the temperature difference of battery packs in the battery clusters is larger than the preset value;
if so, controlling the thermal management execution unit to start a battery pack fan or heater which exceeds the minimum temperature or is lower than the maximum temperature by a preset value based on the minimum temperature or the maximum temperature of the battery cluster;
the energy storage system control unit judges whether the temperature difference of the energy storage system is smaller than a preset value, if yes, the started fan or heater is turned off, otherwise, the step of controlling the thermal management execution unit to start the battery pack fan or heater which exceeds the minimum temperature or is lower than the maximum temperature by taking the minimum temperature or the maximum temperature of the battery cluster as a reference is carried out;
otherwise, jumping to the step of judging whether the temperature difference between the battery clusters is larger than a preset value.
Further, the calculating the temperature difference of the battery packs in each battery cluster includes collecting the temperature of each battery pack in the same battery cluster according to a preset sampling time through the battery cell control unit, and calculating the temperature difference between the battery packs in the same battery cluster.
Further, calculating the temperature difference between the battery clusters includes collecting the temperature of each battery cluster in the same energy storage system according to a preset sampling time through the battery cluster control unit, and calculating the temperature difference between the battery clusters in the same energy storage system.
Further, the calculation of the temperature difference of the energy storage system comprises the steps of obtaining the highest temperature and the lowest temperature of the battery clusters in the same energy storage system, and obtaining the temperature difference of the energy storage system by making the difference between the highest temperature and the lowest temperature of the battery clusters in the same energy storage system;
the method also comprises the following steps:
acquiring working parameters of a battery pack acquired by the battery cell control unit, wherein the working parameters comprise working voltage, charging or discharging current and temperature value;
acquiring performance parameters of the battery pack, wherein the performance parameters comprise battery pack volume, open-circuit voltage and battery pack entropy heat coefficient; the entropy heat coefficient of the battery pack is the current which changes per unit under the normal working condition of the battery pack, and the heat quantity of the battery pack is changed along with the current;
carrying out heat generation calculation on the battery pack through the working parameters and the performance parameters of the battery pack;
and controlling the duty ratio of the output of the fan or the heater according to the calculated heat generation result of the battery pack.
A second object of the present invention is to provide an electronic device including: a memory having program code stored thereon; a processor coupled to the memory and which, when executed by the processor, implements the above-described method.
A third object of the present invention is to provide a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon program instructions which, when executed, implement the above-described method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a heat management method and a heat management device for a large-scale energy storage system, which can realize heat management of the energy storage system with a multi-level framework, wherein an energy storage system control unit is responsible for heat management control of the whole energy storage system, a battery cluster control unit and a battery core control unit are responsible for executing heat management control instructions issued by the energy storage system control unit, no matter whether the battery cluster control unit and/or the battery core control unit are used as heat management execution units, accurate control can be realized, all control and management strategies are processed by the energy storage system control unit, the battery cluster control unit and/or the battery core control unit are only responsible for execution, when the heat management strategies or parameters need to be changed, only software of the energy storage system control unit is required to be updated, software of the battery cluster control unit and the battery core control unit is not required to be updated, later software maintenance work is greatly facilitated, and convenience of system maintenance is improved.
The control unit of the energy storage system is internally provided with a plurality of heat management modes, can enter different heat management modes according to the actual requirements of the energy storage system applied to different projects, can flexibly match the heat management modes according to configuration information (such as ambient temperature and the like), does not need to write and import heat management programs for the energy storage system one by one under different application scenes, and greatly improves the convenience of heat management work of the system.
The invention also carries out thermal management on the battery cluster level, when the number of the battery clusters (a plurality of battery packs are connected in series) and the number of the battery pack (a single battery pack) are large, the thermal management efficiency can be improved, the thermal management requirement of a large-scale energy storage system used by a plurality of battery clusters in parallel can be met, the problem that the performance of the energy storage system is reduced and even cannot be used due to the fact that the performance difference among the battery clusters is larger and larger is avoided, and the problems of shutdown risk or income loss in electric power operation are brought to customers because shutdown maintenance is needed.
According to the energy storage system control unit, the corresponding thermal management instruction combination is generated according to the configuration of the thermal management execution unit, and the actual requirements of the energy storage system applied to different projects can be accurately met through different instruction combinations, so that the optimal thermal management control of the system is realized; the thermal management permission bit is set in the thermal management instruction combination, so that the energy storage system control unit still has overrule right when the battery cluster control unit and/or the battery core control unit actively manage thermal management, and can close the thermal management function when the thermal management is abnormal, thereby improving the safety of the thermal management process; the thermal management temperature set value is set in the thermal management instruction combination, so that accurate temperature control can be realized according to the project condition of the practical application of the energy storage system.
According to the invention, the duty ratio of the output of the fan or the heater is controlled through the battery pack heat generation calculation result, so that the temperature control of the energy storage system is more accurate, the accuracy and timeliness of the temperature control are ensured, and the problems of poor consistency of the battery core, service life decay of the battery system and performance degradation of the system caused by the fact that the battery pack is affected by temperature and the performance difference is larger and larger are avoided; the fan or the heater can work as required, the energy loss is reduced as much as possible while the temperature control condition of the energy storage system is met, the system response is quicker, and the method is suitable for the thermal management of the energy storage system with a multistage architecture.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the present invention, and is intended to provide a better understanding of the present invention, as it is embodied in the following description, with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings. Specific embodiments of the present invention are given in detail by the following examples and the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation on the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a topology diagram of a large energy storage system CAN network according to embodiment 1;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a thermal management method of a large energy storage system according to embodiment 1;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a thermal management mode configuration information identifying process for an energy storage system according to embodiment 1;
fig. 4 is a heat dissipation temperature control flowchart of embodiment 1;
FIG. 5 is a heating temperature control flow chart of example 1;
fig. 6 is a structural view of a battery pack of embodiment 1;
fig. 7 is a block diagram of an integrated module of embodiment 1;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device of embodiment 2;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a storage medium of embodiment 3.
In the figure: 1. an integration module; 11. a PCB board; 12. serially connecting aluminum rows; 13. nickel flakes; 2. a battery cell; 3. a bracket; 4. a front panel; 5. a water-cooled tube.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, wherein it is to be understood that, on the premise of no conflict, the following embodiments or technical features may be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments.
In the following description, suffixes such as "module", "component", or "unit" for representing elements are used only for facilitating the description of the present invention, and have no specific meaning per se. Thus, "module," "component," or "unit" may be used in combination.
The thermal management method of the large energy storage system provided by the invention is based on the large energy storage system shown in figure 1. The large-scale energy storage system comprises an energy storage system control unit, a plurality of battery cluster control units and a plurality of battery core control units, wherein the energy storage system control unit performs data interaction with the battery cluster control units, an energy storage converter PCS and a battery management system BMS, and the battery cluster control units perform data interaction with the battery core control units; the energy storage system control unit is MBMU in FIG. 1, the battery cluster control unit is SBMU1, SBMU2, … and SBMUx in FIG. 1, and the battery cell control unit is MMU1, MMU2, … and MMUx in FIG. 1. The MBMU is a top-level master control of the energy storage system and is responsible for carrying out data interaction and control on a plurality of battery cluster control units SBMU1, SBMU2, … and SBMUx, wherein the SBMUx is a secondary master control of the energy storage system and is responsible for carrying out data acquisition and control on the battery clusters, the MBMU is used for carrying out data interaction with the MBMU, the MMUx is a slave control of the energy storage system and is responsible for carrying out data acquisition on single-cell cores, and the SBMUx is used for carrying out data interaction.
The battery core control unit is used for acquiring data of the battery core and executing a thermal management instruction issued by the energy storage system control unit;
the battery cluster control unit is used for corresponding to the acquisition, control and execution of the thermal management instruction issued by the energy storage system control unit;
the energy storage system control unit is used for controlling the thermal management of the whole energy storage system.
Example 1
A method for thermal management of a large energy storage system, as shown in fig. 2, comprising the steps of:
the energy storage system control unit identifies the configuration information of the thermal management mode of the energy storage system, the thermal management mode is arranged in the energy storage system control unit and is used for heating and/or radiating management of the battery clusters and/or the battery packs, and the energy storage system control unit is used for thermal management control of the whole energy storage system; the heat management modes comprise a first heat management mode, a second heat management mode and a third heat management mode, wherein the first heat management mode is used for heat dissipation management and heating management of the energy storage system, the second heat management mode is used for heat dissipation management of the energy storage system, and the third heat management mode is used for heating management of the energy storage system.
When the large-scale energy storage system is applied to different projects, the configuration information of the energy storage system can be configured with different parameters including the ambient temperature of the used region and the like when leaving the factory according to different actual use projects. Such as: the energy storage system may be used in extreme climatic environments, where heat dissipation management is only required when used in extreme high temperature environments, where heat management is only required when used in extreme low temperature environments, and where heat dissipation management and heat management are required when used in conventional climatic environments.
As shown in fig. 3, according to the result of the thermal management mode configuration information identification, if heat dissipation management and heating management are required, the first thermal management mode is entered, if only heat dissipation management is required, the second thermal management mode is entered, and if only heating management is required, the third thermal management mode is entered. Each of the thermal management modes corresponds to a different thermal management program. Different heat management modes are started based on different use scenes, so that the temperature control capability of the heat management system is greatly improved, and the energy consumption of the energy storage system is effectively reduced on the premise of realizing heat management performance indexes.
Taking a lithium iron phosphate battery as an example, the capacity of the lithium iron phosphate battery is attenuated due to the loss of the active lithium ion battery at a high temperature, so that the actual running capacity of the battery energy storage system is attenuated rapidly; and in the charge and discharge process of the battery, part of chemical energy (discharge) or electric energy (charge) can be converted into heat energy, and if the heat energy cannot be timely dissipated and accumulated in the battery to form high temperature, the short circuit of the anode and the cathode can be caused, so that the safety problems of combustion, explosion and the like are caused.
The transmission performance of the electrolyte at low temperature, the diffusion speed of lithium and the charge transfer speed at the interface between the electrode and the electrolyte are all obviously reduced, lithium can be separated and accumulated in the negative electrode when the lithium battery is cycled at low temperature, lithium dendrites are formed, irreversible capacity loss is caused when the lithium battery is light, the capacity and the thermal safety of the battery are reduced, and the separator is punctured when the lithium battery is heavy, so that short circuit is caused.
The temperature difference is larger due to the larger number of battery cells and larger regulation in the large energy storage system. However, the performance, safety and life cycle of the battery are greatly affected by the working temperature, the ideal working temperature of the battery is 25-35 ℃, and local hot spots in the energy storage system are avoided: the temperature difference between the electric cores is not more than 5 ℃, so that local hot spots are avoided.
The energy storage system control unit judges whether the opening condition of the identified thermal management mode is met; specifically, the thermal management mode is turned on under a condition that the energy storage system temperature reaches a preset value. In a first thermal management mode, judging whether the temperature of the energy storage system meets the heat dissipation starting temperature, if yes, entering a heat dissipation instruction control flow, otherwise, judging whether the temperature of the energy storage system meets the heating starting temperature, if yes, entering a heating instruction control flow, otherwise, jumping to a step of judging whether the temperature of the energy storage system meets the heat dissipation starting temperature; in the second thermal management mode, judging whether the temperature of the energy storage system meets the heat dissipation starting temperature, if yes, entering a heat dissipation instruction control flow, otherwise, jumping to the step of judging whether the temperature of the energy storage system meets the heat dissipation starting temperature; and in the third thermal management mode, judging whether the temperature of the energy storage system meets the heating starting temperature, if so, entering a heating instruction control flow, otherwise, jumping to the step of judging whether the temperature of the energy storage system meets the heating starting temperature.
If yes, entering a thermal management instruction control flow;
the energy storage system control unit identifies configuration information of a thermal management execution unit of the energy storage system; the thermal management execution unit is a battery cluster control unit and/or a battery cell control unit, the battery cluster control unit and the battery cell control unit are used for executing thermal management instructions issued by the energy storage system control unit, the energy storage system control unit performs data interaction with the plurality of battery cluster control units, and the battery cluster control unit performs data interaction with the plurality of battery cell control units; the battery cluster control unit is used for acquiring and controlling corresponding battery cluster data, and the battery core control unit is used for acquiring and controlling battery pack data; as shown in fig. 1, the energy storage system control unit MBMU is used for thermal management control of the whole energy storage system, the battery cluster control units SBMU1, SBMU2, …, SBMUx interact with the energy storage system control unit MBMU, and the battery cluster control units SBMU1, SBMU2, …, SBMUx interact with the corresponding battery cell control units MMU1, MMU2, …, MMUx respectively.
The energy storage system control unit sends corresponding thermal management instruction combinations according to the identified thermal management execution unit configuration information, and the thermal management instruction combinations are used for controlling the opening and closing of the thermal management functions, controlling the opening and closing of heat dissipation or heating and controlling the opening temperature and the closing temperature of heat dissipation or heating by the energy storage system control unit. By combining different thermal management instructions, the system temperature can be precisely controlled, and the optimal thermal management control of the system can be realized.
In this embodiment, the thermal management instruction set includes a thermal management active bit, a thermal management execution bit, a thermal management enable bit, a thermal management control bit, and a thermal management temperature setting value, where the thermal management active bit is used to set the energy storage system control unit, the battery cluster control unit, or the battery cell control unit to perform thermal management, the thermal management execution bit is used to set the battery cluster control unit and/or the battery cell control unit to execute instructions, and the thermal management enable bit is used to set whether to enable heat dissipation and/or heating, and if the thermal management execution is abnormal, the thermal management enable bit is set to not enable heat dissipation and/or heating. The thermal management enabling bit is used for setting heat dissipation and/or heating enabling, the thermal management control bit is used for switching on or off heat dissipation and/or heating, and the thermal management temperature set value is used for setting heat dissipation and/or heating on temperature and off temperature. When the MBMU recognizes that the thermal management mode is active, a thermal management enable bit (heat sink/heat enable) of 1 indicates that the thermal management function is enabled, and a thermal management enable bit (heat sink/heat enable) of 0 indicates that the thermal management function is disabled (although the thermal management mode is active), so that the MBMU still has overrules when the SBMU/MMU actively manages thermal management, and can disable the thermal management function when the thermal management is executing abnormally. The partial heat dissipation management configuration table (shown in table 1) and the partial heating management configuration table (shown in table 2) are exemplified.
Table 1 heat dissipation management configuration table
Table 2 heating management configuration table
As shown in fig. 4 and fig. 5, the energy storage system control unit determines whether the temperature difference of the energy storage system is greater than a preset value, for example: setting the preset value to be 5 ℃; the method comprises the steps of calculating the temperature difference of an energy storage system, wherein the calculation of the temperature difference of the energy storage system comprises the steps of obtaining the highest temperature and the lowest temperature of a battery cluster in the same energy storage system, and making the difference between the highest temperature and the lowest temperature of the battery cluster in the same energy storage system to obtain the temperature difference of the energy storage system;
otherwise, ending;
if yes, calculating the temperature difference between the battery clusters; the method comprises the steps that the temperature difference between battery clusters is calculated, the temperature of each battery cluster in the same energy storage system is collected through a battery cluster control unit according to preset sampling time, the preset sampling time can be set to be 5 minutes and the like, and the temperature difference between the battery clusters in the same energy storage system can be calculated specifically according to actual requirements.
The energy storage system control unit judges whether the temperature difference between the battery clusters is larger than a preset value, for example: setting the preset value to be 5 ℃;
otherwise, jumping to a step of judging whether the temperature difference of the energy storage system is larger than a preset value;
when the heat dissipation management is carried out, controlling a heat management execution unit to start all fans in the battery cluster, the average temperature of which exceeds the lowest temperature battery cluster, reaches a preset value (such as 5 ℃) by taking the average temperature of the lowest temperature battery cluster as a reference, and judging whether the temperature difference of the energy storage system is smaller than the preset value; when heating management is carried out, controlling a thermal management execution unit to start all heaters in a battery cluster with the average temperature of the battery cluster lower than the highest temperature reaching a preset value (such as 5 ℃) by taking the average temperature of the battery cluster with the highest temperature as a reference, and judging whether the temperature difference of an energy storage system is smaller than the preset value; in this embodiment, an air cooling system is taken as an example, and each battery pack is provided with a fan, and the fan is controlled by an MMU in each battery pack, or the SBMU uniformly manages the fans of all the battery packs in the battery cluster.
If yes, when the heat dissipation management is carried out, the opened fan is turned off; when the heating management is performed, the already-turned-on heater is turned off.
And if not, jumping to a step of controlling the thermal management execution unit to start all fans or heaters in the battery clusters exceeding the average temperature of the lowest temperature battery cluster or being lower than the average temperature of the highest temperature battery cluster by taking the average temperature of the lowest temperature battery cluster or the average temperature of the highest temperature battery cluster as a reference.
After the energy storage system is quickly adjusted and the performance difference of the subsystem (battery cluster) caused by the influence of temperature is achieved in the use process, in order to further solve the problem of poor consistency of the battery cells in the battery pack, the service life of the battery system is prolonged, and the method further comprises the following steps:
if the energy storage system control unit judges that the temperature difference of the energy storage system is not larger than a preset value, the temperature difference of the battery packs in each battery cluster is calculated; the method comprises the steps of calculating the temperature difference of battery packs in each battery cluster, wherein the step of calculating the temperature difference of the battery packs in each battery cluster comprises the steps of collecting the temperature of each battery pack in the same battery cluster according to a preset sampling time through a battery core control unit, and calculating the temperature difference between the battery packs in the same battery cluster.
The battery pack structure in this embodiment is shown in fig. 6, and the battery pack includes two integrated modules 1, a plurality of electric cells 2, a bracket 3, two front panels 4, and a water cooling pipe 5. The battery cell 2 in the battery pack is a cylindrical battery cell, the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery cell 2 are positioned at two ends of the battery cell, namely, the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery cell are positioned at different sides of the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery cell are respectively corresponding to one integrated module for electric connection and data acquisition. As shown in fig. 7, the integrated module 1 is integrated with a PCB board 11, a plurality of serial aluminum rows 12, nickel plates 13, and a temperature sensor, the serial aluminum rows are used for serially connecting a plurality of electric cores in the battery pack, the PCB board 11 is electrically connected with the serial aluminum rows through the nickel plates 13, an electric core control unit is arranged on the PCB board 11, the electric core control unit is electrically connected with the temperature sensor through the nickel plates 13, and the electric core control unit collects the electric core temperature through the temperature sensor.
If the energy storage system control unit judges that the temperature difference between the battery clusters is not greater than a preset value, for example: setting the preset value to be 5 ℃, and judging whether the temperature difference of the battery packs in the battery clusters is larger than the preset value by the energy storage system control unit;
when the heat dissipation management is carried out, controlling the heat management execution unit to start a battery pack fan which exceeds the minimum temperature by a preset value (such as 5 ℃) by taking the minimum temperature of the battery cluster as a reference; when heating management is carried out, controlling a thermal management execution unit to start a battery pack heater which is lower than the highest temperature and reaches a preset value (such as 5 ℃) by taking the highest temperature of a battery cluster as a reference;
the energy storage system control unit judges whether the temperature difference of the energy storage system is smaller than a preset value, if yes, the opened fan is closed when heat dissipation management is carried out, the opened heater is closed when heating management is carried out, otherwise, the control unit jumps to a step of controlling the heat management execution unit to start a battery pack fan or a heater which exceeds the minimum temperature or is lower than the maximum temperature by taking the minimum temperature or the maximum temperature of the battery cluster as a reference, and the battery pack fan or the heater which reaches the preset value is opened;
otherwise, jumping to a step of judging whether the temperature difference between the battery clusters is larger than a preset value.
In order to make the temperature control of the energy storage system more accurate, guarantee the accuracy and timeliness of temperature control, really realize the fan or heater works as required, reduce the energy loss as far as possible when satisfying the temperature control condition of the energy storage system, improve the response speed of the system, still include the following steps:
acquiring working parameters of a battery pack acquired by a battery core control unit, wherein the working parameters comprise working voltage, charging or discharging current and temperature value;
acquiring performance parameters of the battery pack, wherein the performance parameters comprise battery pack volume, open-circuit voltage and battery pack entropy heat coefficient; the entropy coefficient of the battery pack is the current which changes per unit under the normal working condition of the battery pack, the unit of the heat change quantity of the battery pack is J/A.K, and the value of the entropy coefficient of the battery pack is generally between 0.1 and 0.2J/A.K. The method comprises the steps of calculating open circuit voltage, namely acquiring a data set of battery cells in a battery cluster, wherein the data set is a recorded charge-discharge voltage obtained by stopping discharging batteries in a full-charge state at a rate of 0.05C/0.1C, stopping discharging when a cut-off discharging condition is reached, standing for 30 minutes, charging at a rate of 0.05C/0.1C, stopping charging when the cut-off charging condition is reached; the open circuit voltage of the cell is calculated from the data set.
Carrying out heat generation calculation on the battery pack through the working parameters and the performance parameters of the battery pack; the specific calculation formula is as follows:
wherein,,is an open circuit voltage>For the operating voltage +.>For charging or discharging current of battery pack, +.>Entropy coefficient of battery pack, < >>For the volume of the battery pack, ">For the temperature value>And generating thermal power for the battery pack.
And controlling the duty ratio of the output of the fan or the heater through the calculated heat generation result of the battery pack, so as to realize the regulation of the temperature of the battery pack. Specifically, the battery pack heat generation amount can be calculated through the calculated battery pack heat generation power, the temperature difference is obtained by difference between the actual temperature of the battery pack required to be subjected to heat management and the corresponding reference temperature and the difference of the preset value, the temperature deviation amount is calculated through the temperature difference and the heat generation amount of the battery pack, the fan or heater adjustment duty ratio is calculated through the temperature deviation amount, and the fan or heater output duty ratio is obtained by combining the fan or heater initial duty ratio.
Example 2
An electronic device, as shown in fig. 8, comprising: a memory having program code stored thereon; a processor coupled to the memory and which when executed by the processor, implements the method described above. For detailed description of the method, reference may be made to corresponding descriptions in the above method embodiments, and details are not repeated here.
Example 3
A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon program instructions that when executed implement the above method as shown in fig. 9. For detailed description of the method, reference may be made to corresponding descriptions in the above method embodiments, and details are not repeated here.
In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and identical and similar parts of each embodiment are all referred to each other, and each embodiment mainly describes differences from other embodiments.
The foregoing description is illustrative of embodiments of the present disclosure and is not to be construed as limiting one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. Various modifications and alterations to one or more embodiments of this description will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, or the like, which are within the spirit and principles of one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, are intended to be included within the scope of the claims of one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

Claims (9)

1. A method for thermal management of a large energy storage system, comprising the steps of:
the energy storage system control unit identifies the configuration information of the thermal management mode of the energy storage system, wherein the thermal management mode is arranged in the energy storage system control unit and is used for heating and/or radiating management of the battery clusters and/or the battery packs;
the energy storage system control unit judges whether the starting condition of the identified thermal management mode is met or not;
if yes, entering a thermal management instruction control flow;
the energy storage system control unit identifies configuration information of a thermal management execution unit of the energy storage system, wherein the thermal management execution unit is a battery cluster control unit and/or a battery core control unit;
the energy storage system control unit sends corresponding thermal management instruction combinations according to the identified thermal management execution unit configuration information, and the thermal management instruction combinations are used for controlling the opening and closing of the thermal management functions, controlling the opening and closing of heat dissipation or heating and controlling the opening temperature and the closing temperature of heat dissipation or heating by the energy storage system control unit;
the energy storage system control unit judges whether the temperature difference of the energy storage system is larger than a preset value;
otherwise, ending;
if so, calculating the temperature difference of the battery packs in each battery cluster and calculating the temperature difference between the battery clusters;
the energy storage system control unit judges whether the temperature difference between the battery clusters is larger than a preset value or not;
if the temperature difference between the battery clusters is not greater than a preset value, the energy storage system control unit judges whether the temperature difference of the battery packs in the battery clusters is greater than the preset value; if the temperature difference of the battery packs in the battery clusters is larger than a preset value, controlling the thermal management execution unit to start a battery pack fan or heater which exceeds the minimum temperature or is lower than the maximum temperature by taking the minimum temperature or the maximum temperature of the battery clusters as a reference; the energy storage system control unit judges whether the temperature difference of the energy storage system is smaller than a preset value again, if the temperature difference of the energy storage system is smaller than the preset value, the opened fan or heater is turned off, if the temperature difference of the energy storage system is not smaller than the preset value, the step of jumping to the step of controlling the thermal management execution unit to start the battery pack fan or heater exceeding the minimum temperature or reaching the preset value below the maximum temperature by taking the minimum temperature or the maximum temperature of the battery cluster as a reference; if the temperature difference of the battery packs in the battery clusters is not greater than a preset value, jumping to the step of judging whether the temperature difference of the energy storage system is greater than the preset value by the energy storage system control unit;
if the temperature difference between the battery clusters is larger than a preset value, controlling the thermal management executing unit to start all fans or heaters in the battery clusters exceeding the average temperature of the battery cluster with the lowest temperature or being lower than the average temperature of the battery cluster with the highest temperature to reach the preset value based on the average temperature of the battery cluster with the lowest temperature or the average temperature of the battery cluster with the highest temperature, and judging whether the temperature difference of the energy storage system is smaller than the preset value again; if the temperature difference of the energy storage system is smaller than a preset value, the started fan or heater is turned off; and if the temperature difference of the energy storage system is not smaller than the preset value, jumping to control the thermal management executing unit to start all fans or heaters in the battery cluster exceeding the average temperature of the lowest temperature battery cluster or being lower than the average temperature of the highest temperature battery cluster to reach the preset value based on the average temperature of the lowest temperature battery cluster or the average temperature of the highest temperature battery cluster.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the thermal management modes include a first thermal management mode for thermal management and thermal management of the energy storage system, a second thermal management mode for thermal management of the energy storage system, and a third thermal management mode for thermal management of the energy storage system;
the starting condition of the thermal management mode is that the temperature of the energy storage system reaches a preset value.
3. A method of thermal management of a large energy storage system as defined in claim 1, wherein: the thermal management instruction combination comprises a thermal management active bit, a thermal management execution bit, a thermal management permission bit, a thermal management enabling bit, a thermal management control bit and a thermal management temperature set value, wherein the thermal management active bit is used for setting the energy storage system control unit, the battery cluster control unit or the battery cell control unit to carry out thermal management, the thermal management execution bit is used for setting the battery cluster control unit and/or the battery cell control unit to execute instructions, the thermal management permission bit is used for setting whether heat dissipation and/or heating is allowed or not, the thermal management enabling bit is used for setting heat dissipation and/or heating enabling, the thermal management control bit is used for switching on or off heat dissipation and/or heating, and the thermal management temperature set value is used for setting heat dissipation and/or heating on temperature and off temperature.
4. A method of thermal management of a large energy storage system as defined in claim 3, wherein: the method also comprises the steps of: if the thermal management is performed abnormally, the thermal management enable bit is set to not enable heat dissipation and/or heating.
5. A method of thermal management of a large energy storage system as defined in claim 1, wherein: the step of calculating the temperature difference of the battery packs in each battery cluster comprises the step of collecting the temperature of each battery pack in the same battery cluster according to a preset sampling time through the battery cell control unit and calculating the temperature difference between the battery packs in the same battery cluster.
6. A method of thermal management of a large energy storage system as defined in claim 5, wherein: the step of calculating the temperature difference between the battery clusters comprises the step of collecting the temperature of each battery cluster in the same energy storage system according to a preset sampling time through the battery cluster control unit and calculating the temperature difference between the battery clusters in the same energy storage system.
7. A method of thermal management of a large energy storage system as defined in claim 6, wherein: the calculation of the temperature difference of the energy storage system comprises the steps of obtaining the highest temperature and the lowest temperature of a battery cluster in the same energy storage system, and obtaining the temperature difference of the energy storage system by making the difference between the highest temperature and the lowest temperature of the battery cluster in the same energy storage system;
the method also comprises the following steps:
acquiring working parameters of a battery pack acquired by the battery cell control unit, wherein the working parameters comprise working voltage, charging or discharging current and temperature value;
acquiring performance parameters of the battery pack, wherein the performance parameters comprise battery pack volume, open-circuit voltage and battery pack entropy heat coefficient; the entropy heat coefficient of the battery pack is the current which changes per unit under the normal working condition of the battery pack, and the heat quantity of the battery pack is changed along with the current;
carrying out heat generation calculation on the battery pack through the working parameters and the performance parameters of the battery pack;
and controlling the duty ratio of the output of the fan or the heater according to the calculated heat generation result of the battery pack.
8. An electronic device, comprising: a memory having program code stored thereon; a processor coupled to the memory and which, when executed by the processor, implements the method of claim 1.
9. A computer readable storage medium, having stored thereon program instructions which, when executed, implement the method of claim 1.
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