CN117164736B - Saw palmetto fruit extract, soft capsule and application thereof in preparing medicament for treating gonadal diseases - Google Patents

Saw palmetto fruit extract, soft capsule and application thereof in preparing medicament for treating gonadal diseases Download PDF

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CN117164736B
CN117164736B CN202311228512.9A CN202311228512A CN117164736B CN 117164736 B CN117164736 B CN 117164736B CN 202311228512 A CN202311228512 A CN 202311228512A CN 117164736 B CN117164736 B CN 117164736B
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saw palmetto
polysaccharide
palmetto fruit
deae
cellulose
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CN117164736A (en
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王�琦
畅晶
夏吴兵
李如月
孙莉萍
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Jiangsu Honghui Medical Co ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change

Abstract

The invention discloses saw palmetto fruit extract, soft capsules and application thereof in preparing medicaments for treating gonadal diseases. The saw palmetto fruit extract soft capsule is a product sold by the applicant, and the main active ingredients of the saw palmetto fruit extract soft capsule are fatty acid and phytosterol. Through secondary development, the partial polysaccharide in the saw palmetto fruits has good therapeutic effect on gonadal tumors, and particularly: for the prostate cancer, the discovered partial saw palmetto fruit polysaccharide can effectively inhibit the proliferation of prostate cancer cells, and can be used for resisting the growth of the prostate cancer; for ovarian cancer, the discovered partial saw palmetto fruit polysaccharide can not only effectively inhibit proliferation of ovarian cancer cells, but also inhibit invasion and metastasis of ovarian cancer cells, and can be used for resisting growth of ovarian cancer and metastasis to other parts.

Description

Saw palmetto fruit extract, soft capsule and application thereof in preparing medicament for treating gonadal diseases
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of medicines, relates to a plant extract and application thereof, and in particular relates to a saw palmetto fruit extract, a soft capsule and application thereof in preparing medicines for treating gonadal diseases.
Background
Saw palmito (Saw palmetto) is a palmitoid Saw palmitous Serenoa repens (Bartram) Small ripe dry fruit native to the eastern coast swamp of America, and has been successfully introduced into cultivation in Guangxi, hainan et al, china. In 1908, the saw palmetto was loaded into the united states pharmacopeia, and in 1950, the saw palmetto was widely used in various countries in europe, and was subsequently received in the british pharmacopeia, the european pharmacopeia, the martindale pharmacopeia, etc. As a plant medicine with good safety and excellent treatment effect on prostatic hyperplasia and urinary system diseases, the Chinese herbal medicine has become one of the natural medicines in European and American markets and is widely applied to clinic.
At present, the active ingredients of saw palmetto fruits are focused on fatty acids and phytosterols, which are considered as active ingredients of saw palmetto fruits that exert a therapeutic effect on prostate diseases. The soft capsule of saw palmetto fruit extract is a kind of prostate disease treating medicine developed with fatty acid and phytosterol components in saw palmetto fruit.
Saw palmetto fruit extract soft capsules are produced by a German Tedder pharmaceutical factory, enter the Chinese market in 2000, belong to imported natural pharmaceutical preparations, and mainly comprise fatty acids and phytosterols, wherein the fatty acids mainly comprise lauric acid, capric acid, n-caproic acid, caprylic acid, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, myristic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid and the like; the plant sterols mainly comprise beta-sitosterol, campesterol, stigmasterol, cholesterol, stigmastanol, etc., wherein lauric acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and beta-sitosterol are high in content. Oleic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, linoleic acid, beta-carotene, gamma-tocopherol and the like have better activities in inhibiting activities of cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase, blocking alpha receptors, improving inducible nitric oxide synthase mRNA expression, inhibiting phosphodiesterase 5 activity and the like, thereby playing roles in relieving benign BPH initial symptoms such as frequent urination, urgent urination, difficult urination and the like.
Apart from fatty acids and phytosterols, no other active compounds in saw palmetto fruit extracts, in particular high molecular weight compounds of the protein, peptide, polysaccharide type, have been reported in the literature.
Based on the findings of the applicant, the present invention has been specifically proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides saw palmetto fruit extract, soft capsules and application thereof in preparing medicaments for treating gonadal diseases.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical scheme:
a saw palmetto fruit polysaccharide is prepared by the following steps: taking saw palmetto fruits as raw materials, sequentially degreasing, extracting with water, precipitating with ethanol, deproteinizing to obtain crude polysaccharide; separating crude polysaccharide with DEAE-52 cellulose chromatographic column, eluting with 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5mol/L NaCl solution, drawing DEAE-52 cellulose elution curve, collecting polysaccharide eluate corresponding to 0.3mol/L or 0.5mol/LNaCl solution elution peak, concentrating, dialyzing, desalting, and freeze drying.
Preferably, the solvent used for degreasing is methylene chloride.
Preferably, 4 times of volume of absolute ethyl alcohol is added in the water extraction and alcohol precipitation step, and the alcohol precipitation is carried out overnight.
Preferably, the DEAE-52 cellulose chromatographic column separation step is specifically: filling the column by adopting a wet method, filling pretreated DEAE-52 cellulose into a chromatographic column with the length of 5cm multiplied by 100cm, and compacting column materials by deionized water; dissolving a proper amount of crude polysaccharide with a proper amount of deionized water, loading the solution into a chromatographic column, eluting with 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5mol/L NaCl solution in sequence, emptying 1 column volume of deionized water, collecting different concentration NaCl solution eluents according to 30 mL/tube, and collecting 50 tubes for each concentration.
Preferably, the DEAE-52 cellulose pretreatment method is as follows: adding deionized water into a proper amount of DEAE-52 cellulose column material according to a volume ratio of 1:2, soaking for 2 hours, fully stirring, standing for layering, pouring out supernatant, and repeating for a plurality of times until no alcohol smell exists.
Preferably, the DEAE-52 cellulose elution profile is prepared by: and detecting the absorbance of each tube by adopting a phenol-sulfuric acid method, wherein the abscissa is the tube number, the ordinate is the absorbance value, and drawing a DEAE-52 cellulose elution curve.
The application of any saw palmetto fruit polysaccharide in preparing medicaments for treating prostatic cancer.
The application of any saw palmetto fruit polysaccharide in preparing medicines for treating ovarian cancer and resisting metastasis of ovarian cancer.
A soft capsule of Serenoa repens fruit extract contains any of the above polysaccharide as active ingredient.
The application of the saw palmetto fruit extract soft capsule in preparing medicaments for treating gonadal diseases, wherein the gonadal diseases are prostate cancer or ovarian cancer.
The beneficial effects are that:
the saw palmetto fruit extract soft capsule is a product sold by the applicant, and the main active ingredients of the saw palmetto fruit extract soft capsule are fatty acid and phytosterol. Through secondary development, the partial polysaccharide in the saw palmetto fruits has good therapeutic effect on gonadal tumors, and particularly: for the prostate cancer, the discovered partial saw palmetto fruit polysaccharide can effectively inhibit the proliferation of prostate cancer cells, and can be used for resisting the growth of the prostate cancer; for ovarian cancer, the discovered partial saw palmetto fruit polysaccharide can not only effectively inhibit proliferation of ovarian cancer cells, but also inhibit invasion and metastasis of ovarian cancer cells, and can be used for resisting growth of ovarian cancer and metastasis to other parts.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the DEAE-52 separation elution profile;
FIG. 2 is a full-wavelength ultraviolet scan;
FIG. 3 is a scanning electron microscope scan;
FIG. 4 shows the results of the invasion and migration of human ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells;
FIG. 5 shows the results of the invasive migration of human ovarian carcinoma SKOV3 cells.
Detailed Description
The following describes the essential aspects of the present invention in detail with reference to examples, but is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Example 1: polysaccharide extraction and separation
1. Material
DEAE-52 cellulose column material was purchased from Shanghai source foliar organisms. The dried saw palmetto fruit was purchased from the Anhui Bozhou drug market. Dichloromethane, absolute ethanol, chloroform, n-butanol, sodium chloride, phenol and sulfuric acid are all conventional analytically pure reagents. The dialysis desalting adopts a conventional desalting and desalting dialysis bag, and the molecular weight cut-off is 1000Da.
2. Method of
1. Saw palmetto fruit pretreatment
Pulverizing dried Serenoa repens fruit with pulverizer, sieving with 40 mesh sieve, and storing in sealed bag.
2. Degreasing saw palmetto fruit
Taking 2kg of dry and crushed saw palmetto fruits, adding 10L of dichloromethane, heating and refluxing for extraction for 2 hours, cooling and filtering, retaining saw palmetto fruits, adding dichloromethane for repeated extraction for 2 times, cooling and filtering, retaining saw palmetto fruits, and volatilizing a solvent.
3. Preparation of crude polysaccharide by water extraction, alcohol precipitation and deproteinization
Extracting defatted saw palmetto fruit with 10L of water at 80-85deg.C for 3 hr, cooling, filtering, collecting filtrate, extracting the residue with water for 1 time, mixing the filtrates, concentrating under reduced pressure to 5L, centrifuging at 3500r/min for 5min, and collecting supernatant. 4 times the volume of absolute ethanol was added to the supernatant to precipitate overnight, and the precipitate was collected.
After the precipitate obtained by water extraction and alcohol precipitation is dissolved by 2L of water, protein is removed by a Sevag method (the volume ratio of chloroform to n-butanol is 4:1), and the specific operation is as follows: mixing the aqueous solution and Sevag reagent in a separating funnel according to the volume ratio of 4:1, vigorously shaking for 20min, standing for 6h, removing the lower layer solution and the denatured protein layer mixed in the middle, retaining the upper layer solution, repeating for a plurality of times until no obvious denatured protein layer exists, collecting the upper layer solution, concentrating under reduced pressure, and freeze-drying to obtain crude polysaccharide.
4. DEAE-52 isolation
(1) Pretreatment of DEAE-52 cellulose: taking 0.5kg of DEAE-52 cellulose column material, adding deionized water according to the volume ratio of 1:2 according to the specification, soaking for 2 hours, fully stirring, standing for layering, pouring out supernatant, and repeating for a plurality of times until no alcohol smell exists.
(2) Chromatography step: the column was packed by wet method, the pretreated DEAE-52 cellulose was packed in a 5cm X100 cm column, and the column material was compacted with deionized water. Dissolving 50g of crude polysaccharide with 25mL of deionized water, loading the solution into a chromatographic column, eluting with 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5mol/L NaCl solution in sequence, setting the flow rate to be 5mL/min, firstly emptying 1 column volume of deionized water, and collecting different concentration NaCl solution eluents according to 30 mL/tube, wherein 50 tubes are collected for each concentration.
(3) Drawing an elution curve: the absorbance of each 2 tubes (measured by combining two adjacent tubes, remark: 149 th and 150 th tubes are broken in the combining process, not counted) was measured by a phenol-sulfuric acid method, the abscissa is the number of tubes, the ordinate is the absorbance value, and a DEAE-52 cellulose elution curve was drawn. And respectively combining polysaccharide eluents JYZ-0, JYZ-1 and JYZ-2 corresponding to the peak values according to the peak values of the elution curves, and respectively concentrating for later use.
5. Dialysis desalination
And (3) placing JYZ-0, JYZ-1 and JYZ-2 concentrated solutions into dialysis bags respectively, dialyzing with deionized water for 72h, changing water once every 6h, concentrating, and freeze-drying to obtain polysaccharide components JYZ-0, JYZ-1 and JYZ-2. And (5) drying and preserving.
6. Ultraviolet full wavelength scanning
And respectively dissolving a proper amount of polysaccharide components JYZ-0, JYZ-1 and JYZ-2 in a proper amount of deionized water, and then scanning the whole ultraviolet wavelength in an ultraviolet spectrophotometer.
7. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)
And (3) respectively characterizing the microstructure of polysaccharide components JYZ-0, JYZ-1 and JYZ-2 by adopting a scanning electron microscope.
3. Results
The DEAE-52 separation elution curve is shown in figure 1, and 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5mol/L NaCl solution eluents respectively correspond to a polysaccharide elution peak, and polysaccharide eluents corresponding to the elution peaks are concentrated, dialyzed, desalted and freeze-dried to obtain polysaccharide components JYZ-0, JYZ-1 and JYZ-2. FIG. 2 shows that the polysaccharide components JYZ-0, JYZ-1 and JYZ-2 do not have obvious characteristic absorption peaks in the wavelength range of 240-280nm, which indicates that the polysaccharide components JYZ-0, JYZ-1 and JYZ-2 do not contain free nucleic acid and protein components, and the polysaccharide purity is high. FIG. 3 is an SEM image of polysaccharide components JYZ-0, JYZ-1 and JYZ-2, each of which mainly consists of irregular block and fine particle structures.
Example 2: effects on prostate cancer
1. Material
Human prostate cancer PC-3 cells were purchased from ATCC. Fetal bovine serum, RPMI-1640 medium, trypsin were purchased from Gibico. Polysaccharide components JYZ-0, JYZ-1 and JYZ-2 were prepared as in example 1, dried and stored. Thiazole blue (MTT) kit was purchased from shanghai bi yun biotechnology limited.
2. Method of
1. Cell culture
Human prostate cancer PC-3 cells were cultured with RPMI-1640 containing 10% fetal bovine serum based on 5% CO at 37℃ 2 Culturing under saturated humidity, changing liquid once every day, adding trypsin for digestion and passage when the cells are fused to about 80%, and selecting cells in logarithmic growth phase for experiment.
2. Cell proliferation Activity assay
Selecting PC-3 cells in logarithmic phase, culturing in 96-well plate, inoculating at density of 1×10 4 After cells are completely adhered to the wall for growth, polysaccharide components JYZ-0, JYZ-1 or JYZ-2 with different final concentrations are added, meanwhile, a control group without drug administration is arranged, 6 compound holes are arranged in each group, and the culture is carried out for 24 hours and 48 hours. Discarding old culture solution, adding 5mg/mL MTT solution 5 μl into each well, continuing to incubate at 37deg.C for 4h, discarding supernatant, adding 100 μl DMSO into each well, sufficiently shaking, measuring absorbance value at 570nm, and calculating inhibition rate of polysaccharide components JYZ-0, JYZ-1 or JYZ-2 with different concentrations on PC-3 cells according to the following formula:
inhibition = (1-dosing group OD 570nm Control group OD 570nm )×100％。
3. Statistical treatment
Statistical analysis is performed by adopting a statistical software SPSS17.0 software package, and the result is expressed by mean value +/-standard deviation and has statistical significance by taking P < 0.05 as a difference.
3. Results
As a result, as shown in Table 1, polysaccharide components JYZ-1 or JYZ-2 had significant proliferation inhibition effect on human prostate cancer PC-3 cells, and significant time-dependent effect and dose-dependent effect were seen. The polysaccharide component JYZ-0 has no obvious effect on inhibiting proliferation of human prostate cancer PC-3 cells.
TABLE 1 inhibition of PC-3 cell proliferation in human prostate cancer (%)
Example 3: effects on ovarian cancer
1. Material
Human ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells were purchased from ATCC. Fetal bovine serum, RPMI-1640 medium, trypsin were purchased from Gibico. Polysaccharide components JYZ-0, JYZ-1 and JYZ-2 were prepared as in example 1, dried and stored. Thiazole blue (MTT) kit, transwell cell, was purchased from Shanghai Biyun biotechnology Co.
2. Method of
1. Cell culture
Human ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells were cultured with RPMI-1640 containing 10% fetal bovine serum at 37℃on 5% CO 2 Culturing under saturated humidity, changing liquid once every day, adding trypsin for digestion and passage when the cells are fused to about 80%, and selecting cells in logarithmic growth phase for experiment.
2. Cell proliferation Activity assay
Selecting SKOV3 cells in logarithmic growth phase, culturing in 96-well plate, and inoculating at density of 1×10 4 After cells are completely adhered to the wall for growth, polysaccharide components JYZ-0, JYZ-1 or JYZ-2 with different final concentrations are added, meanwhile, a control group without drug administration is arranged, 6 compound holes are arranged in each group, and the culture is carried out for 24 hours and 48 hours. Discarding old culture solution, adding 5mg/mL MTT solution 5 μl into each well, continuing to incubate at 37deg.C for 4h, discarding supernatant, adding 100 μl DMSO into each well, sufficiently shaking, measuring absorbance value at 570nm, and calculating the inhibition rate of polysaccharide components JYZ-0, JYZ-1 or JYZ-2 with different concentrations on SKOV3 cells according to the following formula:
inhibition = (1-dosing group OD 570nm Control group OD 570nm )×100％。
3. Cell invasion migration Activity assay
The Transwell chamber is placed in a 24-well plate, matrigel and RPMI-1640 culture medium are diluted according to the ratio of 10:1, then are spread in an upper chamber, are placed in an incubator for 2 hours of culture, and 800 mu L of RPMI-1640 culture medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum is added in a lower chamber. Selecting SKOV3 cells in a logarithmic growth phase, discarding the supernatant, washing with PBS, preparing single cell suspension with RPMI-1640 culture medium containing 5, 10 mug/mL JYZ-1 or JYZ-2 (simultaneously setting a control group without medicine), inoculating into an upper chamber, culturing in an incubator for 24 hours, fixing paraformaldehyde for 15min, crystal violet staining for 15min, washing with deionized water for 2 times, gently wiping residual cells in the chamber by using a cotton swab, and randomly selecting 5 100 times of vision field count cells by using an inverted microscope.
4. Statistical treatment
Statistical analysis is performed by adopting a statistical software SPSS17.0 software package, and the result is expressed by mean value +/-standard deviation and has statistical significance by taking P < 0.05 as a difference.
3. Results
1. Cell proliferation Activity
As a result, as shown in Table 2, polysaccharide components JYZ-1 or JYZ-2 had significant proliferation inhibition effect on human ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells, and significant time-dependent effect and dose-dependent effect were seen. The polysaccharide component JYZ-0 has no obvious proliferation inhibition effect on human ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells.
TABLE 2 inhibition of human ovarian cancer SKOV3 cell proliferation (%)
2. Cell invasion and migration Activity
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, compared with the control group, the invasion and migration quantity of the human ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells in the drug-containing group is remarkably reduced, which indicates that the polysaccharide component JYZ-1 or JYZ-2 can effectively inhibit the invasion and migration activity of the human ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells. Dose dependent effects were not apparent in the measured dose range.
Example 4: saw palmetto fruit extract soft capsule
A soft capsule of saw palmetto fruit extract for treating prostatic cancer and/or ovarian cancer is prepared from polysaccharide components JYZ-1 or JYZ-2 prepared in example 1 as active component by pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or adjuvant.
The above-described embodiments serve to describe the substance of the present invention in detail, but those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the present invention should not be limited to this specific embodiment.

Claims (9)

1. The saw palmetto fruit polysaccharide is characterized in that the preparation method comprises the following steps: taking saw palmetto fruits as raw materials, sequentially degreasing, extracting with water, precipitating with ethanol, deproteinizing to obtain crude polysaccharide; separating crude polysaccharide with DEAE-52 cellulose chromatographic column, eluting with 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5mol/L NaCl solution sequentially, drawing DEAE-52 cellulose elution curve, collecting polysaccharide eluate corresponding to 0.3mol/L or 0.5mol/L NaCl solution elution peak, concentrating, dialyzing, desalting, and lyophilizing; wherein, 4 times of absolute ethyl alcohol is added in the water extraction and alcohol precipitation step, and the alcohol precipitation is carried out overnight.
2. Saw palmetto fruit polysaccharide according to claim 1, characterized in that: the solvent used for degreasing is dichloromethane.
3. Saw palmetto fruit polysaccharide according to claim 1, characterized in that the DEAE-52 cellulose chromatographic column separation step is specifically: filling the column by adopting a wet method, filling pretreated DEAE-52 cellulose into a chromatographic column with the length of 5cm multiplied by 100cm, and compacting column materials by deionized water; dissolving a proper amount of crude polysaccharide with a proper amount of deionized water, loading the solution into a chromatographic column, eluting with 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5mol/L NaCl solution in sequence, emptying 1 column volume of deionized water, collecting different concentration NaCl solution eluents according to 30 mL/tube, and collecting 50 tubes for each concentration.
4. The saw palmetto fruit polysaccharide of claim 3, wherein the DEAE-52 cellulose pretreatment process is: adding deionized water into a proper amount of DEAE-52 cellulose column material according to a volume ratio of 1:2, soaking for 2 hours, fully stirring, standing for layering, pouring out supernatant, and repeating for a plurality of times until no alcohol smell exists.
5. Saw palmetto fruit polysaccharide according to claim 1, characterized in that the method of plotting DEAE-52 cellulose elution curve is: and detecting the absorbance of each tube by adopting a phenol-sulfuric acid method, wherein the abscissa is the tube number, the ordinate is the absorbance value, and drawing a DEAE-52 cellulose elution curve.
6. The use of saw palmetto fruit polysaccharide according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of prostate cancer.
7. The application of saw palmetto fruit polysaccharide according to any one of claims 1-5 in preparing a medicament for treating ovarian cancer and resisting metastasis of ovarian cancer.
8. A saw palmetto fruit extract soft capsule, characterized in that: a saw palmetto fruit polysaccharide according to any one of claims 1 to 5 as an active ingredient.
9. The use of saw palmetto fruit extract soft capsules as claimed in claim 8 in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of a gonadal disorder, which is prostate cancer or ovarian cancer.
CN202311228512.9A 2023-09-22 2023-09-22 Saw palmetto fruit extract, soft capsule and application thereof in preparing medicament for treating gonadal diseases Active CN117164736B (en)

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CN115209907A (en) * 2020-04-15 2022-10-18 欧洲地中海股份有限公司 Method for obtaining plant extract
CN112461948A (en) * 2020-11-03 2021-03-09 广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所（广西亚热带农产品加工研究所） Method for determining polysaccharide components and monosaccharide compositions in saw palmetto fruits

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