CN117164253A - Preparation method and application of slag fiber heat-insulating cotton - Google Patents
Preparation method and application of slag fiber heat-insulating cotton Download PDFInfo
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- CN117164253A CN117164253A CN202311180757.9A CN202311180757A CN117164253A CN 117164253 A CN117164253 A CN 117164253A CN 202311180757 A CN202311180757 A CN 202311180757A CN 117164253 A CN117164253 A CN 117164253A
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- slag
- fiber
- slag fiber
- polyvinyl alcohol
- sodium silicate
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 146
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000005543 nano-size silicon particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutaraldehyde Chemical group O=CCCCC=O SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- SZEMGTQCPRNXEG-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl(octadecyl)azanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C SZEMGTQCPRNXEG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009960 carding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021485 fumed silica Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 20
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000674 effect on sodium Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003172 aldehyde group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005882 aldol condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002103 nanocoating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RCIMBBZXSXFZBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N piromidic acid Chemical compound N1=C2N(CC)C=C(C(O)=O)C(=O)C2=CN=C1N1CCCC1 RCIMBBZXSXFZBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method and application of slag fiber heat preservation cotton, which belongs to the technical field of heat preservation materials and comprises the following steps: synthesizing nano sodium silicate in situ in mesoporous nano silicon dioxide to obtain modified mesoporous nano silicon dioxide; modifying the polyvinyl alcohol by adopting a connecting agent to obtain modified polyvinyl alcohol; coating modified mesoporous nano silicon dioxide on the surface of slag fiber to obtain pretreated slag fiber; mixing the modified binder with the polyol, spraying the mixture onto the surface of the pretreated fiber, and performing the processes of solidification shaping, slitting and winding to obtain the slag fiber heat-insulation cotton. The nano sodium silicate is synthesized in situ in the mesoporous nano material, has a slow release effect on the sodium silicate, and avoids the situation that the nano sodium silicate reacts with calcium and magnesium in slag fibers to lose the capability of removing water; the polyol reacts with hydroxyl groups on the surface of the pretreated slag fiber, and the formed network structure can be crosslinked with the modified binder to form a compact crosslinked network to reduce contact with moisture.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat preservation materials, in particular to a preparation method and application of slag fiber heat preservation cotton.
Background
The mineral cotton fiber is cotton-like discontinuous inorganic fiber prepared from natural minerals, and comprises slag cotton fiber, rock cotton fiber, glass fiber, ceramic fiber and the like, wherein the slag cotton fiber is prepared from industrial waste residues such as blast furnace slag, steel slag, aluminum slag, fly ash, phosphorus ore dressing and the like serving as main raw materials through melting, centrifuging and spinning, and the slag cotton fiber prepared from the fly ash serving as the main raw materials is also called fly ash fiber, and is a novel inorganic fiber in recent years.
Blast furnace slag is used as a heat insulation material with excellent performance and low cost, plays an important role in various fields such as heat insulation, fire prevention, noise reduction and the like, and in the production process of slag fiber heat insulation cotton, an adhesive is generally used for bonding the whole fiber, wherein the type of the adhesive determines the adhesive force of the fiber and the adhesive strength of fiber products, the adhesive comprises organic, inorganic and the like, and common organic adhesives comprise soluble starch, polyethylene alcohol, pan acid resin and the like.
The pores on the surface of the slag fiber can improve the heat preservation performance of the fiber, but the larger pore diameter causes easy moisture absorption and poor water resistance, and calcium oxide and magnesium oxide components in the fiber are easy to undergo hydration reaction, so that the mechanical property is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method and application of slag fiber heat-insulating cotton: the nano sodium silicate is synthesized in situ in the mesoporous nano material, has a slow release effect on the sodium silicate, and avoids the situation that the nano sodium silicate reacts with calcium and magnesium in slag fibers to lose the capability of removing water; the glutaraldehyde is adopted to carry out modification treatment on the polyvinyl alcohol, and the polyvinyl alcohol is used as a binder, so that the adhesive force and the adhesive strength between fibers can be enhanced, the glutaraldehyde is modified and then sprayed on the surface of slag fibers, the high bulk density is achieved, and the heat preservation effect of the slag fibers is improved; the modified mesoporous nano silica is coated on the surface of the slag fiber to block gaps on the surface of the slag fiber, so that the pore diameter of the slag fiber is reduced, and the hygroscopicity of the slag fiber is reduced; the modified polyvinyl alcohol and the polyalcohol are mixed and sprayed on the surface of the pretreated fiber, and a network structure formed by the reaction of the polyalcohol and the pretreated slag fiber can be crosslinked with the modified polyvinyl alcohol to form a compact crosslinked network, so that the contact with moisture can be reduced.
The invention aims to solve the technical problems: the pores on the surface of the slag fiber can improve the heat preservation performance of the fiber, but the larger pore diameter causes easy moisture absorption and poor water resistance, and calcium oxide and magnesium oxide components in the fiber are easy to undergo hydration reaction, so that the mechanical property is reduced.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a preparation method of slag fiber heat-insulating cotton comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing mesoporous nano silicon dioxide, wherein the particle size of the mesoporous nano silicon dioxide is 150nm, and the aperture is 25nm; in-situ synthesizing nano sodium silicate in mesoporous nano silicon dioxide to obtain modified mesoporous nano silicon dioxide, wherein the particle size of the nano sodium silicate is 15nm, and the steps are as follows:
A1. dissolving 0.2g of trimethyl octadecyl ammonium bromide and 0.02g of fatty amine into 30mL of deionized water, uniformly stirring, adding 0.05g of graphene substrate, performing ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a dispersion liquid, adding 3g of silicon source into 30mL of cyclohexane to obtain an oil phase, adding the dispersion liquid onto the oil phase, heating to 60 ℃, and treating at 600-1200 ℃ for 3 hours to remove a surfactant and the graphene substrate to obtain mesoporous nano silicon dioxide;
the graphene is dispersed in deionized water, the obtained dispersion is used as a water phase system, tetraethyl orthosilicate is added into cyclohexane serving as an organic solvent and is used as an organic phase, the water phase is added onto the organic phase to form a two-phase layered system, mesoporous silica grows on a graphene substrate under the action of a surfactant trimethyl octadecyl ammonium bromide and a catalyst fatty amine to obtain mesoporous nano silica, and a change curve chart of the treatment at 600-1200 ℃ for 3 hours is shown in figure 1.
Further, the silicon source is one of ethyl orthosilicate, sodium silicate and fumed silica.
A2. Adding 0.5g of mesoporous nano material into 50mL of sodium silicate solution, heating to 30 ℃, adding hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 36% to adjust the pH value to 10, stirring for 12h, forming sodium silicate sol inside the mesoporous nano material, taking out, drying for 1 day at room temperature, placing in a quartz tube, treating for 2h at 400 ℃, and carrying out frosting treatment to obtain the modified mesoporous nano silicon dioxide.
The sodium silicate solution permeates into the mesoporous nano material through the surface pores, meanwhile, the pH value of the sodium silicate solution is regulated to be 10, so that the sodium silicate solution forms sol in the mesoporous of the mesoporous nano material, after heat treatment at 400 ℃, the sodium silicate sol in the mesoporous of the mesoporous nano silicon dioxide forms nano sodium silicate, the nano sodium silicate is loaded in the mesoporous nano silicon dioxide, and the surface sodium silicate particles are removed through frosting treatment.
S2, modifying the polyvinyl alcohol by adopting a connecting agent to obtain modified polyvinyl alcohol, wherein the specific steps are as follows:
5g of polyvinyl alcohol is added into 30mL of deionized water, the temperature is raised to 60 ℃, the mixture is stirred until the polyvinyl alcohol is dissolved, 10g of connecting agent and 0.5g of sodium hydroxide are added, the temperature is raised to 100 ℃, after 35min of reaction, hydrochloric acid is added to adjust the pH to 6.5, and the modified polyvinyl alcohol is obtained.
In the invention, the polyvinyl alcohol chain segment contains hydroxyl groups and has strong hygroscopicity, so that in the process, under the action of sodium hydroxide serving as a catalyst, two aldehyde groups of glutaraldehyde serving as a connecting agent and partial hydroxyl groups of the polyvinyl alcohol undergo aldol condensation reaction, partial hydroxyl groups of the polyvinyl alcohol are consumed, the polyvinyl alcohol has water resistance, and the hygroscopicity of the polyvinyl alcohol binder is reduced.
Further, the linking agent is glutaraldehyde.
S3, coating the modified mesoporous nano silicon dioxide on the surface of the slag fiber to obtain the pretreated slag fiber, wherein the specific steps are as follows:
B1. mixing coal cinder and fly ash, heating the mixture to 1100 ℃ in a resistance furnace to a molten state to obtain molten liquid, enabling the molten liquid to flow into a spinning machine, performing centrifugal force treatment through a spinning roller, and simultaneously spraying air for cooling to obtain slag fibers, wherein the spraying pressure is 1.3MPa, and the weight percentage of the fly ash is 20%.
B2. Adding 0.5g of modified mesoporous nano silicon dioxide into 30mL of ethanol solution, uniformly stirring to obtain a dispersion liquid, uniformly coating the dispersion liquid on the surface of slag fiber, and drying in an oven to obtain the pretreated slag fiber.
The modified mesoporous nano silicon dioxide dispersion liquid is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the slag fiber, and the ethanol solvent is volatilized after the treatment at 80 ℃, so that the modified mesoporous nano silicon dioxide is uniformly deposited on the surface of the fiber, gaps on the surface of the slag fiber are blocked, the pore diameter of the slag fiber is reduced, and the hygroscopicity of the slag fiber is reduced.
Further, the drying treatment temperature was 80 ℃.
S4, mixing the modified polyvinyl alcohol and the polyalcohol, spraying the mixture onto the surface of the pretreated fiber, and performing the processes of solidification shaping, slitting and winding to obtain the slag fiber heat-insulation cotton, wherein the concrete steps are as follows:
10g of pretreated slag fiber is sent into a cross lapping machine to form a fiber net after being opened, mixed and carded, 0.5g of polyol and 3g of modified polyvinyl alcohol are mixed and placed into a spray gun to be sprayed on the surface of the fiber net, and the fiber net is placed into a 90 ℃ oven for shaping, taken out, cut and coiled to obtain slag fiber heat-insulation cotton, wherein the number of layers of the cross lapping is 5, and the lapping speed is 30m/min; the working pressure of the spray gun is 0.41MPa, and the spraying quantity is 15g/s.
Wherein, hydroxyl groups of the polyol and hydroxyl groups on the surface of the mesoporous nano silicon dioxide are combined through Si-O-C bonds to form a network structure, and the formed network structure can be crosslinked with modified polyvinyl alcohol to form a compact network, so that contact with moisture can be reduced.
Further, the polyol is one of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol and trimethylolpropane.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the technical scheme, the nano sodium silicate can react with water before calcium oxide and magnesium oxide in slag fibers, so that hydration reaction of the slag fibers is reduced, hygroscopicity of the fibers is further reduced, free silicate ions in nano sodium silicate can be combined with free calcium ions in the slag fibers to form calcium silicate water, mechanical strength of heat-insulating cotton is enhanced, nano sodium silicate is synthesized in situ in mesoporous nano materials, a slow release effect on sodium silicate is achieved, the slag fiber heat-insulating cotton is in a humid environment, sodium silicate is released, hygroscopicity of the heat-insulating cotton is reduced, and the phenomenon that the nano sodium silicate reacts with calcium and magnesium in the slag fibers to lose the capability of removing water is avoided.
(2) According to the technical scheme, the polyvinyl alcohol is used as a binder, the whole fibers can be bonded, the adhesive force and the adhesive strength between the fibers are enhanced, glutaraldehyde is used for modifying the polyvinyl alcohol, glutaraldehyde can react with part of hydroxyl groups of the polyvinyl alcohol, part of hydroxyl groups of the polyvinyl alcohol are consumed, the water resistance of the polyvinyl alcohol is improved, the hygroscopicity of the modified polyvinyl alcohol is reduced, and the glutaraldehyde is used for modifying the polyvinyl alcohol and spraying the modified polyvinyl alcohol on the surface of slag fibers, so that the modified polyvinyl alcohol has better stacking density and the heat preservation effect of the slag fibers is improved.
(3) According to the technical scheme, mesoporous silica is coated on the surface of slag fiber, gaps on the surface of the slag fiber are blocked, the pore diameter of the slag fiber is reduced, the hygroscopicity of the slag fiber is reduced, the heat preservation effect is improved, polyol and modified polyvinyl alcohol are mixed and sprayed on the surface of the pretreated slag fiber, the polyol reacts with hydroxyl on the surface of the pretreated slag fiber to form a network structure, the formed network structure can be crosslinked with the modified polyvinyl alcohol to form a compact crosslinked network, the contact with moisture can be reduced, and the adhesive force between the fiber and a binder is enhanced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the change of the mesoporous nano silica according to the present invention at 600-1200℃for 3 hours.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The modified mesoporous nano silicon dioxide is prepared by the following steps:
A1. dissolving 0.2g of trimethyl octadecyl ammonium bromide and 0.02g of fatty amine into 30mL of deionized water, uniformly stirring, adding 0.05g of graphene substrate, performing ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a dispersion liquid, adding 3g of silicon source into 30mL of cyclohexane to obtain an oil phase, adding the dispersion liquid onto the oil phase, heating to 60 ℃, and treating at 600 ℃ for 3 hours to remove a surfactant and the graphene substrate to obtain mesoporous nano silicon dioxide;
A2. adding 0.5g of mesoporous nano material into 50mL of sodium silicate solution, heating to 30 ℃, adding hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 36% to adjust the pH value to 10, stirring for 12h, forming sodium silicate sol inside the mesoporous nano material, taking out, drying for 1 day at room temperature, placing in a quartz tube, treating for 2h at 400 ℃, and carrying out frosting treatment to obtain the modified mesoporous nano silicon dioxide.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that mesoporous nanosilica is not loaded with nanosilica.
Dissolving 0.2g of trimethyl octadecyl ammonium bromide and 0.02g of fatty amine into 30mL of deionized water, uniformly stirring, adding 0.05g of graphene substrate, performing ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a dispersion liquid, adding 3g of silicon source into 30mL of cyclohexane to obtain an oil phase, adding the dispersion liquid onto the oil phase, heating to 60 ℃, and treating at 600 ℃ for 3 hours to remove the surfactant and the graphene substrate to obtain the mesoporous nano silicon dioxide.
Example 2
The modified polyvinyl alcohol is prepared by the following steps:
5g of polyvinyl alcohol is added into 30mL of deionized water, the temperature is raised to 60 ℃, the mixture is stirred until the polyvinyl alcohol is dissolved, 10g of glutaraldehyde and 0.5g of sodium hydroxide are added, the temperature is raised to 100 ℃, the reaction is carried out for 35min, and hydrochloric acid is added to adjust the pH to 6.5, thus obtaining the modified polyvinyl alcohol.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example differs from example 2 in that the polyvinyl alcohol is not glutaraldehyde modified.
5g of polyvinyl alcohol is added into 30mL of deionized water and stirred uniformly to obtain modified polyvinyl alcohol.
Example 3
A preparation method of slag fiber heat-insulating cotton comprises the following steps:
B1. mixing coal slag and fly ash, heating the mixture to 1100 ℃ in a resistance furnace to a molten state to obtain molten liquid, flowing the molten liquid into a spinning machine, performing centrifugal force treatment by a spinning roller, and simultaneously spraying air for cooling to obtain slag fibers, wherein the spraying pressure is 1.3MPa, and the weight percentage of the fly ash is 20%;
B2. adding 0.5g of modified mesoporous nano silicon dioxide into 30mL of ethanol solution, uniformly stirring to obtain a dispersion liquid, uniformly coating the dispersion liquid on the surface of slag fiber, and drying at 80 ℃ for 10min to remove ethanol as an organic solvent to obtain pretreated slag fiber;
B3. 8g of pretreated slag fiber is sent into a cross lapping machine to form a fiber net after being opened, mixed and carded, 0.3g of ethylene glycol and 1g of modified polyvinyl alcohol are mixed and placed into a spray gun to be sprayed on the surface of the fiber net, and the fiber net is placed into a 90 ℃ oven for shaping, taken out, cut and coiled to obtain slag fiber heat-insulation cotton, wherein the number of layers of the cross lapping is 5, and the lapping speed is 30m/min; the working pressure of the spray gun is 0.41MPa, and the spraying quantity is 15g/s.
Example 4
A preparation method of slag fiber heat-insulating cotton comprises the following steps:
B1. mixing coal slag and fly ash, heating the mixture to 1100 ℃ in a resistance furnace to a molten state to obtain molten liquid, flowing the molten liquid into a spinning machine, performing centrifugal force treatment by a spinning roller, and simultaneously spraying air for cooling to obtain slag fibers, wherein the spraying pressure is 1.3MPa, and the weight percentage of the fly ash is 20%;
B2. adding 0.5g of modified mesoporous nano silicon dioxide into 30mL of ethanol solution, uniformly stirring to obtain a dispersion liquid, uniformly coating the dispersion liquid on the surface of slag fiber, and drying at 80 ℃ for 10min to remove ethanol as an organic solvent to obtain pretreated slag fiber;
B3. 10g of pretreated slag fiber is sent into a cross lapping machine to form a fiber net after being opened, mixed and carded, 0.5g of ethylene glycol and 3g of modified polyvinyl alcohol are mixed and placed into a spray gun to be sprayed on the surface of the fiber net, and the fiber net is placed into a 90 ℃ oven for shaping, taken out, cut and coiled to obtain slag fiber heat-insulation cotton, wherein the number of layers of the cross lapping is 5, and the lapping speed is 30m/min; the working pressure of the spray gun is 0.41MPa, and the spraying quantity is 15g/s.
Example 5
A preparation method of slag fiber heat-insulating cotton comprises the following steps:
B1. mixing coal slag and fly ash, heating the mixture to 1100 ℃ in a resistance furnace to a molten state to obtain molten liquid, flowing the molten liquid into a spinning machine, performing centrifugal force treatment by a spinning roller, and simultaneously spraying air for cooling to obtain slag fibers, wherein the spraying pressure is 1.3MPa, and the weight percentage of the fly ash is 20%;
B2. adding 0.5g of modified mesoporous nano silicon dioxide into 30mL of ethanol solution, uniformly stirring to obtain a dispersion liquid, uniformly coating the dispersion liquid on the surface of slag fiber, and drying at 80 ℃ for 10min to remove ethanol as an organic solvent to obtain pretreated slag fiber;
B3. opening, mixing and carding 12g of pretreated slag fibers, feeding the pretreated slag fibers into a cross lapping machine to form a fiber net, mixing 0.7g of ethylene glycol and 5g of modified polyvinyl alcohol, placing the fiber net into a spray gun, spraying the fiber net on the surface of the fiber net, placing the fiber net into a 90 ℃ oven for shaping, taking out, trimming and winding to obtain slag fiber heat-insulating cotton, wherein the number of layers of the cross lapping is 5, and the lapping speed is 30m/min; the working pressure of the spray gun is 0.41MPa, and the spraying quantity is 15g/s.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example differs from example 4 in that the modified mesoporous nano silica was replaced with the material prepared in comparative example 1.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example differs from example 4 in that the modified polyvinyl alcohol was replaced with the material prepared in comparative example 2.
Comparative example 5
This comparative example differs from example 4 in that no polyol was added.
Comparative example 6
This comparative example differs from example 4 in that the slag fiber is not coated with mesoporous nano silica.
Opening, mixing and carding 12g of slag fibers, feeding the slag fibers into a cross lapping machine to form a fiber net, mixing 0.7g of polyol and 5g of modified polyvinyl alcohol, placing the mixture into a spray gun, spraying the mixture on the surface of the fiber net, placing the fiber net in a 90 ℃ oven for shaping, taking out, trimming and winding to obtain slag fiber heat-insulation cotton, wherein the number of layers of the cross lapping is 5, and the lapping speed is 30m/min; the working pressure of the spray gun is 0.41MPa, and the spraying quantity is 15g/s.
The slag fiber heat-insulating cotton prepared in the examples 3-5 and the comparative examples 4-6 is adhered to the wall surface by adopting an adhesive for performance detection;
the moisture absorption performance test is carried out by adopting a test method specified in the moisture absorption property of the 7 th part of GB/T5480.7 mineral wool and a product test method thereof; the heat preservation performance test is carried out by adopting a protection hot plate method in GB/T10294 determination of steady-state thermal resistance and related characteristics of heat-insulating materials; mechanical performance test is carried out by adopting a test method specified in GB/T30804 determination of tensile strength of vertical plane of heat insulation product for building;
the bulk density of the insulation cotton is measured according to GB/T5480-2008 standard, wherein the preferred bulk density is 144-146kg/m 3 The test results are shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the data of table 1, in comparative example 3, the insulating cotton is prepared by coating mesoporous nano silica on the surface of slag fiber without loading nano sodium silicate, and the moisture absorption rate and mechanical properties thereof are reduced, probably because nano sodium silicate is synthesized in situ in the mesoporous nano material, has a slow release effect on sodium silicate, releases sodium silicate in a humid environment to reduce the moisture absorption of the insulating cotton, and silicate ions can be combined with calcium ions to form calcium silicate to enhance mechanical strength; comparative example 4 in which polyvinyl alcohol was not modified with glutaraldehyde, the prepared binder was sprayed on the surface of slag fiber, and the increase of bulk density and hygroscopicity thereof affected the quality of heat-insulating cotton, which may be that glutaraldehyde can consume part of hydroxyl groups of polyvinyl alcohol to enhance water resistance, and that bulk density was reduced to improve the quality of heat-insulating cotton; comparative example 5 insulation cotton prepared from polyol not added to modified polyvinyl alcohol, which has increased hygroscopicity and decreased adhesive force, probably because the network structure formed by the reaction of polyol and fiber can be crosslinked with modified polyvinyl alcohol to form a dense crosslinked network, contact with moisture can be reduced, and adhesive force between fiber and binder can be enhanced; comparative example 6 heat insulation cotton prepared from slag fiber without mesoporous nano silica coating has increased hygroscopicity and decreased heat insulation, which is probably because mesoporous silica can reduce pore diameter of slag fiber, reduce hygroscopicity of slag fiber and increase heat insulation effect.
The data in Table 1 shows that the slag fiber insulation cotton prepared in examples 3-5 has better water resistance, mechanical property and adhesive force and better insulation effect. In-situ synthesizing nano sodium silicate in the mesoporous nano material, and coating the nano sodium silicate on the surface of slag fiber to obtain pretreated slag fiber; the modified polyvinyl alcohol and the polyalcohol are mixed and sprayed on the surface of the pretreated fiber, the slag fiber heat-insulating cotton prepared by the procedures of solidification, shaping, cutting and winding meets the requirement of test performance, and the slag fiber heat-insulating cotton prepared by the comparative examples 3-6 does not meet the standard of performance requirement, which indicates that the slag fiber heat-insulating cotton prepared by the invention has better water resistance, mechanical property and adhesive force and better heat-insulating effect.
In the description of the present specification, the descriptions of the terms "one embodiment," "example," "specific example," and the like, mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing is merely illustrative and explanatory of the invention, as various modifications and additions may be made to the particular embodiments described, or in a similar manner, by those skilled in the art, without departing from the scope of the invention or exceeding the scope of the invention as defined in the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the slag fiber heat-insulating cotton is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, preparing mesoporous nano silicon dioxide, wherein the particle size of the mesoporous nano silicon dioxide is 150nm, and the aperture is 25nm; synthesizing nano sodium silicate in situ in the mesoporous nano silicon dioxide to obtain modified mesoporous nano silicon dioxide, wherein the particle size of the nano sodium silicate is 15nm;
s2, modifying the polyvinyl alcohol by adopting a connecting agent to obtain modified polyvinyl alcohol;
s3, coating the modified mesoporous nano silicon dioxide on the surface of the slag fiber to obtain a pretreated slag fiber;
s4, mixing the modified polyvinyl alcohol and the polyalcohol, spraying the mixture onto the surface of the pretreated fiber, and performing the processes of solidification shaping, slitting and winding to obtain the slag fiber heat-insulation cotton.
2. The method for preparing slag fiber heat preservation cotton according to claim 1, wherein the step of modifying mesoporous nano silica is specifically as follows:
A1. dissolving trimethyl octadecyl ammonium bromide and fatty amine into deionized water, uniformly stirring, adding a graphene substrate, performing ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a dispersion liquid, adding a silicon source into an organic solvent to obtain an oil phase, adding the dispersion liquid onto the oil phase, heating to 60 ℃, and treating at 600 ℃ for 3 hours to remove a surfactant and the graphene substrate to obtain a mesoporous nanomaterial;
A2. adding mesoporous nano material into sodium silicate solution, heating to 30 ℃, adding hydrochloric acid with mass fraction of 36% to adjust pH value to 10, stirring for 12h, forming sodium silicate sol inside the mesoporous nano material, taking out, drying for 1 day at room temperature, placing in a quartz tube, treating for 2h at 400 ℃, and performing frosting treatment to obtain the modified mesoporous nano silicon dioxide.
3. The method for preparing slag fiber heat preservation cotton according to claim 2, wherein the silicon source is one of ethyl orthosilicate, sodium silicate and fumed silica.
4. The method for preparing slag fiber heat preservation cotton according to claim 1, wherein the connecting agent is glutaraldehyde.
5. The method for preparing slag fiber heat preservation cotton according to claim 1, wherein the step of modifying polyvinyl alcohol is specifically as follows:
adding polyvinyl alcohol into deionized water, heating to 60 ℃, stirring until the polyvinyl alcohol is dissolved, adding a connecting agent and sodium hydroxide, heating to 100 ℃, reacting for 35min, and adding hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH to 6.5 to obtain the modified polyvinyl alcohol.
6. The method for preparing slag fiber heat preservation cotton according to claim 1, wherein the step of pretreating slag fiber is specifically as follows:
B1. mixing coal slag and fly ash, heating the mixture to 1100 ℃ in a resistance furnace to a molten state to obtain molten liquid, flowing the molten liquid into a spinning machine, performing centrifugal force treatment by a spinning roller, and simultaneously spraying air for cooling to obtain slag fibers, wherein the spraying pressure is 1.3MPa, and the weight percentage of the fly ash is 20%;
B2. adding the modified nano silicon dioxide into ethanol solution, stirring uniformly to obtain dispersion liquid, uniformly coating the dispersion liquid on the surface of slag fiber, and drying in an oven to obtain pretreated slag fiber.
7. The method for producing slag fiber heat insulation cotton as defined in claim 6, wherein the drying treatment temperature is 80 ℃.
8. The method for preparing slag fiber heat preservation cotton according to claim 1, wherein the polyol is one of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol and trimethylolpropane.
9. The method for preparing slag fiber heat preservation cotton according to claim 1, wherein the steps of the slag fiber heat preservation cotton are as follows:
the preparation method comprises the steps of opening, mixing and carding the pretreated slag fibers, feeding the pretreated slag fibers into a cross lapping machine to form a fiber net, mixing polyol and modified polyvinyl alcohol, placing the fiber net in a spray gun, spraying the mixture on the surface of the fiber net, placing the fiber net in a 90 ℃ oven for shaping, taking out, trimming and winding to obtain slag fiber heat-insulation cotton, wherein the number of layers of the cross lapping is 5, and the lapping speed is 30m/min; the working pressure of the spray gun is 0.41MPa, and the spraying quantity is 15g/s.
10. Use of slag fiber insulation cotton prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1-9 in indoor partition walls.
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