CN117161829A

CN117161829A - Machine tool external preset equipment and method

Info

Publication number: CN117161829A
Application number: CN202310944312.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨红星
Original assignee: Suzhou Supersecond Intelligent Manufacturing Co ltd
Current assignee: Suzhou Supersecond Intelligent Manufacturing Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-07-28
Filing date: 2023-07-28
Publication date: 2023-12-05

Abstract

The application discloses an external pre-adjusting method of a machine tool, which comprises the steps of: s1, initializing three-coordinate equipment and the position of a workpiece to be corrected; s2, sliding and continuously measuring along the correction boundary of the workpiece by using a surface measuring device on a three-coordinate device so as to obtain continuous measurement results; s3, judging whether the workpiece is aligned or not according to the continuous measurement result of the step S2; s4, if the conclusion in the step S3 is negative, the position of the workpiece is adjusted, and the step S2 is returned; and S5, if the conclusion of the step S4 is yes, fixing the position of the workpiece. Compared with the prior art, the application improves the utilization rate of the machine tool and reduces the use cost.

Description

Machine tool external preset equipment and method

Technical Field

The application belongs to the field of machine tool equipment, and particularly relates to an improvement on machine tool calibration equipment.

Background

The workpiece needs to be calibrated after being mounted on the machine tool equipment, no special equipment is used for calibrating the workpiece of the machine tool at present, and the calibration equipment of the machine tool generally has the problem of low precision. This is especially true on bottom end machines.

It is therefore necessary to develop a specific calibration device. These devices can employ high precision sensors and measurement systems to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the calibration process. By means of the precise calibration process, the mounting error of the workpiece on the machine tool can be effectively eliminated.

It is also desirable to introduce automated calibration techniques that are applied to the workpiece calibration process to reduce errors in manual intervention. The automatic calibration equipment can autonomously perform calibration operation according to a preset calibration scheme, so that the consistency and repeatability of calibration are improved.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the present application is to provide a method and an apparatus for independent calibration outside a machine tool, which are compatible for different machine tools and have a higher accuracy with respect to the calibration apparatus of the machine tool itself.

The pre-adjusting method outside the machine tool comprises the steps of:

s1, initializing three-coordinate equipment and the position of a workpiece to be corrected;

s2 sliding along the corrected boundary of the workpiece using a surface measurement device on a three-coordinate apparatus and

continuously measuring to obtain continuous measurement results;

s3, judging whether the workpiece is aligned or not according to the continuous measurement result of the step S2;

s4, if the conclusion in the step S3 is negative, the position of the workpiece is adjusted, and the step S2 is returned;

and S5, if the conclusion of the step S4 is yes, fixing the position of the workpiece.

In a preferred embodiment of the application, initializing the position of the workpiece to be corrected includes placing the workpiece at a predetermined position on a workpiece positioning tool external to the machine tool.

In a preferred embodiment of the application, the surface measuring device comprises a micrometer.

In a preferred embodiment of the application, the surface measuring device slides along the corrected boundary of the workpiece and continuously measures the surface of the workpiece, and the three-dimensional device drives the measuring head of the micrometer to move on the surface of the workpiece.

In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the method further comprises the steps of:

s6, using a contact measurement device on a three-coordinate device to contact with a first edge of a workpiece, and recording a first contact position of the contact measurement device;

s7, using the contact measuring device to contact with a second edge of the workpiece, and recording a second contact position of the contact measuring device;

s8, calculating a first size according to the first position and the second position;

s9, using a contact measurement device on a three-coordinate device to contact with a third edge of the workpiece, and recording a third contact position of the contact measurement device;

s10, using the contact measuring equipment to contact with a fourth edge of the workpiece, and recording a fourth contact position of the contact measuring equipment;

s11, calculating a second size according to the third position and the fourth position;

s12, calculating the center of the workpiece according to the first size and the second size;

s13 sends the center of the workpiece, and/or the first size and the second size, to the machine tool.

The application also provides an external pre-adjusting device of the machine tool, which comprises:

a three-coordinate device;

the machine tool workpiece positioning tool is used for placing workpieces;

a surface measurement device disposed on the three-coordinate apparatus;

the three-dimensional device is used for driving the surface measuring device to slip along the correction boundary of the workpiece and continuously measure so as to obtain continuous measurement results.

In a preferred embodiment of the application, a contact measurement device is provided on the three-dimensional device for measuring at least two dimensions of the workpiece driven by the three-dimensional device to determine the center of the workpiece.

In a preferred embodiment of the application, a workpiece positioning tool is used to position a workpiece outside the machine tool.

In a preferred embodiment of the application, the surface measuring device comprises a micrometer and the contact measuring device comprises a contact sensor.

In a preferred embodiment of the application, the micrometer and/or the contact measurement device are arranged at the x-axis end of a three-coordinate device.

Compared with the prior art, the application has the technical advantages that:

1. the workpiece is quickly preset outside the machine tool, so that the time of processing equipment is not occupied, and the utilization rate of the processing machine tool is improved.

2. The center coordinates and the heights of the workpieces are set outside the machine tool, so that the time of processing equipment is not occupied, and the utilization rate of the machine tool is improved.

3. The professional of operators is reduced, the operator can operate the device, and the manual use cost is reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus for carrying out the method of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the three-dimensional coordinate system of the present application.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an exploded view of the y-axis assembly of the apparatus of the present application.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the z-axis assembly of the apparatus of the present application in an exploded configuration.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the exploded structure of the sliding part of the apparatus of the present application.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an exploded view of the x-axis assembly of the apparatus of the present application.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the control system structure of the apparatus of the present application.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1, the present application provides a method of pre-conditioning a workpiece 103 outside of a machine tool 102. Machine tool 102 is a type of apparatus for cutting, forming, machining a metal, plastic, wood, or other workpiece. The method is mainly used for manufacturing parts and products, has wide application range from a simple manual machine tool 102 to a highly-automatic numerical control machine tool 102, and belongs to the scope defined by the application. Common machine tool 102 types include, but are not limited to: lathe, milling machine, drilling machine, grinding machine, boring machine, milling and boring machine, turning and milling compound machining center, linear cutting machine, punching machine, numerical control machine, etc.

The pre-adjusting device 100 outside the machine tool 102 is arranged outside the machine tool 102 and is independent of the machine tool 102, and can be used by being moved and compatible with different types of machine tools 102 according to the requirement. The machine tool 102 preconditions the apparatus to include a method of correcting the workpiece 103, and measuring the size and center of the workpiece 103.

Wherein the method of correcting the workpiece 103 comprises the steps of:

s1 initializes the position of the three-coordinate apparatus 101 and the workpiece 103 to be adjusted. In this step, the workpiece 103 and the machine tool 102 may be placed on the positioning fixture 110 for preliminary positioning in advance, so that the workpiece 103 is positioned outside the machine tool by the positioning fixture, the positioning fixture 110 may be connected to a positioning mechanism of the machine tool 102, and the positioning fixture 110 is used for fixing the relative positions of the workpiece 103 and the three-coordinate device 101, so as to adjust the position of the workpiece 103 relatively accurately according to the measurement result of the three-coordinate device 101. Generally, the tool 110 has a variety of methods of attachment or positioning with the workpiece 103, including but not limited to: common methods of securing the workpiece 103 include clamping, bolts and nuts, welding, adhesives, threaded connections, magnetic force, nails and nails, expanding, spring clamping, actuators, and arc surface securing.

S2, using the surface measuring device 109 on the three-coordinate device 101 to slide along the correction boundary of the workpiece 103 and continuously measure, so as to obtain continuous measurement results; the measuring means on the three-coordinate device 101 comprise a size measuring device with an accuracy of 10-40 micrometers. The size measuring device is preferably a micrometer. The dimensional surface measurement device 109 slides over the rectified boundary of the workpiece 103 and contacts the surface of the workpiece 103, and the change in the dimension of the surface of the workpiece 103 during measurement by the dimensional surface measurement device 109 causes a continuous change in the readings of the surface measurement device 109. For example, the corrective boundaries include boundaries 104 of the workpiece 103, such as edges of a square workpiece 103 or a polygon, or arcuate edges of a sphere or arcuate workpiece 103. In a preferred embodiment, the boundary 104 of the workpiece 103 includes a polyhedral boundary, a spherical boundary, a heteromorphic surface boundary, etc., defined by the surface of the workpiece 103. The continuous measurement includes continuously measuring data of the surface, the continuously including substantially continuously and sampling data at a measurement sampling frequency, the higher of the sampling frequency setting being sampled at a frequency of, for example, 250HZ, to form an approximately continuous measurement data set.

S3, judging whether the workpiece 103 is aligned in the machine tool 102 according to the continuous measurement result of the step S2. A baseline 111 is provided for checking whether the workpiece 103 is aligned, said baseline 111 being represented by a dataset, said baseline 111 being represented as depicted in an X-Y coordinate system, and similarly said sampled dataset being depicted as a boundary line 112 of the workpiece 103 in the X-Y coordinate system, and comparing whether said boundary line 112 is aligned with said baseline 111. If aligned, the workpiece 103 is considered to have been aligned within the machine tool 102.

For example, for each data point on boundary line 112, its closest distance to the other line 111 is calculated. The average or overall closest distance of the two lines can then be calculated. If this distance is small, the two lines can be considered to be coincident. A threshold value for the distance is set appropriately, and the base line 111 and the boundary line 112 are considered to coincide if the distance is smaller than the threshold value.

For another example, a shape descriptor is used to represent the boundary line 112 shape feature of the line. A shape descriptor is a vector or set of features representing shape information that can be used to describe the overall shape of a line. Whether the base line 111 and the boundary line 112 coincide or not is determined by comparing the distances or the similarities between the shape descriptors.

For another example, if the boundary line 112 of the workpiece 103 is a straight line, it is possible to calculate the maximum distance and the included angle between the straight line included in the base line 111 and the straight line included in the boundary line 112 to indicate whether the workpiece 103 is aligned. The borderline 112 is considered to be aligned with the base line 111, for example, when the maximum distance is less than a first threshold value and the included angle is less than a second threshold value.

And S4, if the conclusion in the step S3 is negative, adjusting the position of the workpiece 103 in the positioning tool 110, and returning to the step S2.

The position of the workpiece 103 on the positioning tool 110 can be adjusted by adjusting the positioning tool 110 in the workpiece 103, and the position of the positioning tool 110 comprises a position adjusting device which can adjust the three-dimensional position of the workpiece 103 on the positioning tool 110.

Optionally, the positioning fixture 110 includes a base, which is a stable and rigid foundation. The base is typically made of a strong material (e.g., steel, aluminum, etc.) to provide adequate support and stability.

Optionally, the positioning tool 110 includes a fixture clamping mechanism disposed on the base, and the positioning tool is used to clamp the workpiece 103, so as to ensure that the workpiece is kept fixed in a correct position. The clamping mechanism may take different forms such as clamping screws, snap springs, pneumatic clamps, etc. to accommodate the shape and size of different workpieces 103.

Optionally, to achieve accurate positioning adjustment, the positioning tool 110 is equipped with an adjustment mechanism that allows an operator to adjust the position of the tool 110 on the order of microns or less. The adjustment mechanism may include a screw adjuster, a slider, a fine adjustment screw, or the like.

And S5, if the conclusion in the step S4 is yes, fixing the position of the workpiece 103 on the positioning tool 110, and fixing the positioning tool 110 on a machine tool. The positioning tool 110 further comprises a device fixed with the machine tool 102, the positioning tool 110 is locked on the workpiece 103 after the position of the workpiece 103 is corrected, and the machine tool 102 is used for further processing the workpiece 103.

In addition to this, the three-dimensional device 101 comprises a contact measuring device 114, wherein the contact measuring device 114 is used for determining the size and/or the geometric center of the workpiece 103 with a distance measuring device on the three-dimensional device 101.

Further included is a method of measuring the workpiece 103, the method comprising the steps of:

s6, contacting the first edge 105 of the workpiece 103 by using a contact measurement device 114 on the three-coordinate device 101, wherein the three-coordinate device 101 records a first position of the contact measurement device; the contact measurement device measurement may optionally comprise a pressure sensitive sensor, or a contact switch sensor, the position sensor on the three-coordinate device 101 measuring the first position when the contact measurement device is in contact with the workpiece 103. The optional first position is represented as a three-dimensional coordinate point, a two-dimensional coordinate point, or a distance from a zero point in a coordinate system where the three-coordinate device 101 is located.

S7, using the contact measurement device to contact the second edge 106 of the workpiece 103, recording a second position of the contact measurement device. The second position is measured after the first position is measured, and the second position can be moved a distance along a certain axial direction of the three-coordinate device 101 relative to the first position to measure the size of the workpiece 103 along the axial direction.

S8, calculating a first dimension d1 according to the first position and the second position.

In the rectangular workpiece 103, the first dimension is the length or width or thickness of the workpiece 103, and in the circular workpiece 103, the first dimension is the diameter, radius or thickness. The first dimension in the profiled workpiece 103 may be the maximum distance or thickness of the surface of the workpiece 103.

S9 contacts a third edge 107 of the workpiece 103 using a contact measurement device on the three-dimensional device 101, the three-dimensional device 101 recording a third position of the contact measurement device. The third location is different from the first location and the second location, the third location being used to calculate a second dimension.

S10, using the contact measuring device to contact with the fourth edge 108 of the workpiece 103, recording the fourth position of the contact measuring device; the third position is different from the first position, the second position, and the third position. The optional connecting line of the first position and the second position is perpendicular to the connecting line of the third position and the fourth position.

S11, calculating a second dimension d2 according to the third position and the fourth position;

in the rectangular workpiece 103, the second dimension is the length or width or thickness of the workpiece 103, and in the circular workpiece 103, the second dimension is the diameter, radius or thickness. The second dimension in the profiled workpiece 103 may be the maximum distance or thickness of the surface of the workpiece 103.

S12 calculates the center of the workpiece 103 from the first dimension and the second dimension. The center may be the center of a circle, rectangle, square, oval equilateral triangle, isosceles trapezoid, according to the shape of the workpiece 103.

The method of calculating the center from the first size and the second size is a conventional method.

Assume that the geometric center coordinates of the workpiece 103 in the xy coordinate system are (x, y), the first position (x 1, y 1), and the second position (x 2, y 2). The coordinates x=x1+1/2×d1, y=y2+1/2×d2. The first or second position may be obtained by a grating sensor of the three-coordinate device 101 (described in more detail below).

The center coordinates (x, y) may represent centers of different shapes.

For example, the geometric center of a circle is the center of the circle, and can be determined by the coordinates (x, y) of the center of the circle.

For another example, the geometric center of a rectangle is the intersection of the diagonals of the rectangle, and can be determined by the coordinates (x, y) of the center of the rectangle.

For another example, the geometric center of a square is the center point of the square, and can be determined by the coordinates (x, y) of the center point.

For another example, the geometric center of an ellipse is the center of the ellipse, which can be determined by the coordinates (x, y) of the center of the ellipse.

For another example, the geometric center of an equilateral triangle is the intersection of the center of gravity, the outer center, and the orthocenter of the triangle, and can be determined by the coordinates (x, y) of the center point.

For another example, the geometric center of an isosceles triangle is the base midpoint, which can be determined by the coordinates (x, y) of the midpoint.

For another example, the geometric center of an isosceles trapezoid is the intersection of the midpoint of the two base edges and the upper base edge, and can be determined by the coordinates (x, y) of the intersection.

Note that the center coordinate point is a coordinate determined in the three-coordinate device 101 coordinate system.

S13 sends the center of the workpiece 103, and/or the first size and the second size, to the machine tool 102.

Before or after transmission, a step of converting the coordinates of the center point into coordinates in the machine tool 102 coordinate system is included. The machine tool 102 or the three-coordinate device 101 or an intermediate module responsible for data transmission has a function of coordinate conversion.

Assuming that the center point (x 1, y1, z 1) or (x 1, y 1) of the workpiece 103 is to be converted from the a-coordinate system of the three-coordinate apparatus 101 to the center point (x 2, y2, z 3) of the workpiece 103 in the B-coordinate system of the machine tool 102, the following known conditions need to be known:

1. rotation angle: let the rotation angle between the two coordinate systems be θ.

2. Translation vector: let the origin of the a coordinate system be the coordinates (x_b_origin, y_b_origin, z_b_origin) in the B coordinate system.

The translation amount and the rotation angle can be obtained through measurement after the three-coordinate device 101 is fixed outside the machine tool 102, or the translation vector and the rotation angle which are determined in advance are obtained through fixing the initial position of the three-coordinate device 101 by the positioning tool 110, so as to obtain the determined values of the translation vector and the rotation angle. It will be appreciated that the rotation angle and translation vector do not change after the positioning tool 110 is applied to the machine tool.

The center coordinates are from an a-coordinate system to a b-coordinate system, and the conversion process comprises translation transformation and rotation transformation.

1. Translation transformation: first, the center point P (x 1, y1, z 1) of the object in the a-coordinate system is translated into the B-coordinate system such that the origin of the a-coordinate system coincides with the origin of the B-coordinate system. The coordinates of the translated point P' in the B coordinate system are:

x1'＝x1-x_b_origin

y1'＝y1-y_b_origin

z1'＝z1-z_b_origin。

rotation transformation:

and rotating the point P' according to the rotation angle theta to obtain coordinates (x 2, y2, z 2) of the point P in the B coordinate system.

Assuming rotation about an axis of unit vector (u, v, w), the rotation matrix R is as follows:

the rotation transformation process is as follows:

x2＝(u ² (1-cosθ)+cosθ)·x1+(u·v(1-cosθ)-w·sinθ)·y1′+(u·w(1-cosθ)+v·sinθ)·z1′

y2＝(u·v(1-cosθ)+w·sinθ)·x1′+(v ² (1-cosθ)+cosθ)·y1′+(v·w(1-cosθ)-u·sinθ)·z1′

z2＝(u·w(1-cosθ)-v·sinθ)·x1′+(v·w(1-cosθ)+u·sinθ)·y1′+(w ² (1-cosθ)+cosθ)·z1′

through the above procedure, the center point P (x 1, y1, z 1) in the a coordinate system can be converted into coordinates (x 2, y2, z 2) in the B coordinate system, and in a specific application, it is necessary to calculate the rotation angle θ and the translation vector (x_b_origin, y_b_origin, z_b_origin) according to the actual situation, and determine the unit vector (u, v, w) around the axis.

Similarly, the preferred embodiment of the present application also includes the conversion of coordinates in a two-dimensional coordinate system to coordinates in a three-dimensional coordinate system, i.e., (x 1, y 1) to a center point (x 2, y2, z) in the three-dimensional coordinate system, where z can be directly determined to be half the thickness of the workpiece 103.

After the machine tool 102 receives the center point (x 2, y2, z 2)/(x 2, y2, z) of the workpiece 103 and the size of the workpiece 103, a machining boundary of the workpiece 103 may be determined to automatically machine the workpiece 103 according to a predetermined program of the machine tool 102 according to the determined center and size.

By the above method, the present application can calibrate the workpiece 103 using the three-coordinate apparatus 101 outside the machine tool 102, and determine the geometric center of the workpiece 103 outside the machine tool 102 and convert the geometric center into the coordinate system of the machine tool 102 by a coordinate transformation method so that the machine tool 102 can process the workpiece 103 according to a preprogrammed method. Pre-calibration by means of the three-coordinate device 101 outside the machine tool 102 has a high calibration accuracy while being able to adapt to different types of machine tools 102.

Referring to the three-coordinate device 120 shown in fig. 2, preset out of the machine.

An off-machine preconditioning apparatus comprising: a three-coordinate device 120; the surface measuring device 607 is arranged on the three-dimensional equipment, the contact measuring device 608 is arranged on the three-dimensional equipment and is used for measuring at least two dimensions of the workpiece driven by the three-dimensional equipment to determine the center of the workpiece, the workpiece positioning tool is used for initially positioning the workpiece into the machine tool, the surface measuring device comprises a micrometer, the contact measuring device 608 comprises a contact sensor, and the micrometer and/or the contact measuring device are arranged at the shaft end of the three-dimensional equipment.

The three-dimensional device 120 is used to drive the surface measuring device 607 to move along the corrected edge of the workpiece during measurement. Three-coordinate device 120 includes an x-axis assembly 700 for x-axis movement, a y-axis assembly 300 for y-axis movement, and a z-axis assembly 400 for z-axis movement.

Referring to fig. 3, a surface measuring device and a contact measuring apparatus are disposed on the x-axis assembly 300, and vectors of amounts of movement of the y-axis movement assembly 300 and the z-axis movement assembly 400 on respective components are superimposed to form a trajectory of movement of the surface measuring device or the contact measuring apparatus at a boundary of a workpiece.

The three-coordinate device 120 is arranged on a fixed tool 202 for fixing the initial position of the three-coordinate device 120, and the fixed tool 202 can determine the relative position of the three-coordinate device 120 and the machine tool, so that the determined rotation angle and translation vector are formed between the coordinate system of the three-coordinate device 120 and the coordinate system of the machine tool.

The bottom of the three-dimensional equipment comprises a base 203 connected with the fixed tool 202, an outer frame 201 connected with the base 203, and a y-axis sliding block 308 arranged on the outer frame 201. The height of the outer frame 201 is higher than that of the base 203, and the outer frame 201 forms a groove for accommodating the y-axis slider 308.

A first hand wheel 311 is disposed on the right side of the outer frame 201, and the first hand wheel 311 provides a user with a first handle 312 that can be rocked, and the user can drive the y-axis slider 308 to move forward or backward when rocking the hand wheel clockwise or anticlockwise through the first handle 312. Specifically, the hand wheel includes a hand wheel lever 313 that passes through an aperture provided in the base 203 to a first recess 311 provided in the base 203. The first end of the first groove 311 is provided with a first pulley 302, the second end of the first groove 311 is provided with a second pulley 303, the first roller and the second pulley 303 are provided with a pull rope 304, the first end of the pull rope 304 is connected with a connector 305 near the first end on the y-axis sliding block 308, and the second end of the pull rope 304 is connected with the connector 305 near the second end on the y-axis sliding block 308. Meanwhile, the pull rope 304 is wound on a rod 313 of the hand wheel, and the pull rope 304 and the y-axis sliding block 308 are driven to move by rotating the hand wheel rod 313.

The y-axis slider 308 is disposed on the linear ball track 306 for smoothness of sliding of the y-axis slider 308 and for improved accuracy of sliding. The base 203 is provided with a third groove 313 and a fourth groove 314, the third groove 313 and the fourth groove 314 are internally provided with the ball track 306, the y-axis sliding block 308 is correspondingly provided with a groove 307 matched with the ball track 306, and the balls on the ball track are embedded in the groove 307 on the ball track and matched with the ball track 306 to prop the surface of the groove 307 against the ball track.

A grating sensor 320 is included on one side of the base 203, and the grating sensor 320 includes a first component disposed on a sidewall of the base 203, and a second component capable of sliding along with the y-axis slider 308, where the first component is a grating bar 321, and the second component is a grating distance sensor 322 capable of sliding along with the y-axis slider 308, by which a distance of movement of the y-axis slider 308 in a y-axis direction can be determined.

The base 203 is provided with a fifth groove 315, and a rack for fixing the position of the y-axis sliding block 308 is included in the fifth groove 315, and correspondingly, a fixing mechanism for fixing the y-axis sliding block 308 on the rack is arranged at the bottom of the y-axis sliding block 308 and above the rack.

Referring to FIG. 4, the z-axis assembly 400 is fixed above the y-axis assembly. The z-axis assembly 400 includes a z-axis slide bar 401, a z-axis slide block 402, a pull cord 404 for driving the z-axis slide block 402, and a second hand wheel 405.

The z-axis sliding rod 401 is fixed on the y-axis sliding block 308 in the vertical direction, and is used for sliding the sliding block in z up and down. The two sides of the z-axis sliding rod 401 comprise sliding grooves used for being connected with the z-axis sliding block 402, and the z-axis sliding block 402 is provided with a structure capable of entering the sliding grooves so as to be matched with the sliding grooves to realize sliding fit. A grating sensor 418 is provided on the z-axis slide side, which comprises a grating bar provided on the z-axis slide bar 401 and a grating distance reader provided on the z-axis slide bar 402 and capable of sliding along with the z-axis slide bar 402, which grating distance reader is capable of determining the moving distance of the z-axis slide bar 402 on the z-axis slide bar 401. The upper end of the z-axis sliding rod 401 comprises a third pulley 413 and a fourth pulley 414, a fifth pulley 415 and a sixth pulley 416 are respectively covered at the bottom of the y-axis sliding block 308, a second pull rope 404 is arranged on the third pulley 416, the fourth pulley 416, the fifth pulley 416 and the sixth pulley 416, a first end of the second pull rope 404 is connected with a connector 407 at the bottom of the z-axis sliding block 402, and a second end of the second pull rope 404 is connected with a connector 408 at the second end of the upper part of the z-axis sliding block 402. The bottom of the corresponding y-axis slider 308 includes a hole through which the pull cord 404 passes, and a through hole through which the pull cord 404 passes is provided on a weight 409 at the rear of the z-axis. An outer housing structure 420 for housing the weight 409 is also included on the exterior of the weight 409.

A second hand wheel 405 is further arranged above the z-axis sliding block 402, a hand wheel rod of the second hand wheel 405 is matched with the third pulley 413 and the fourth pulley 414, when the second hand wheel 405 rotates, the third pulley 413 and the fourth pulley 414 are driven by the hand wheel rod, and the second pull rope 404 is further driven by the third pulley 413 and the fourth pulley 414, so that the second pull rope 404 drives the z-axis sliding block 402.

The z-axis slider 402 includes a fixing portion 410 for fixing the x-axis assembly 600 and a sliding portion 500 provided inside the fixing portion 410. The first surface of the fixing part 410 includes a first receiving groove 411 for receiving the x-axis assembly 600, and a plurality of screw holes 413 connected to the components of the x-axis assembly 600 are included in the first receiving groove 411, and the components of the x-axis assembly 600 are fixed in the fixing part 410 through the screw holes. A second receiving groove 413 for receiving the sliding part is provided on the second surface of the fixing part 410, and a first sliding part 511 and a second sliding part 512 of the sliding part are respectively fixed to the left and right sides of the second receiving groove 413, and the first sliding part 511 or the second sliding part 512 may be fixed to the second receiving groove 413 by means well known to those skilled in the art of screws.

Referring to fig. 5, the first sliding portion 511 or the second sliding portion 512 is assembled by a fixing structure 501 and a sliding device 502 provided on the fixing structure 501. The fixing structure 501 comprises a bottom plate 507 connected with the second accommodating groove 413 and a core block 508 for assembling the sliding device 502, the sliding device 502 comprises a hole 503 matched with the core block 508, the matched hole 503 is sleeved on the core block 508, and the sliding device 502 is matched with the sliding device 502 in a conventional manner. The side of the sliding device 502 includes a sliding piece 504 for being inserted into the sliding groove of the side of the z-axis sliding bar 401, and two ends of the sliding piece 504 include two sliding cones, which can reduce friction during sliding and improve stability during sliding. An auxiliary plate 506 perpendicular to the sliding plate 504 is included on one side of the sliding plate 504, and the surface of the auxiliary plate 506 is engaged with the side of the sliding rod with a certain gap (for example, 3 um) therebetween, so as to reduce the shake of the sliding device 502 during sliding and thus improve the stability of the z-axis sliding block.

Referring to fig. 6, the x-axis assembly 600 is fixed to the z-axis assembly, and the z-axis assembly includes third and fourth sliding parts 613 and 614 provided on the z-axis slider, an x-axis sliding bar 601 engaged with the third and fourth sliding parts 613 and 614, and a surface measuring device 607 provided on the x-axis sliding bar 601.

The third sliding portion 613 and the fourth sliding portion 614 have the same structure as the first sliding portion 511 and the second sliding portion 512. The sliding cone is provided with a sliding cone and an auxiliary plate, and the auxiliary plates of the first sliding part 511 and the second sliding part 512 face the side surface of the x-axis sliding rod 601. The difference from the first sliding part 511 and the second sliding part 512 is that the third sliding part 613 and the fourth sliding part 614 are fixed on the z-axis sliding block, the x-axis sliding bar 601 slides relative to the sliding block while the auxiliary plate is used to prevent the x-axis sliding bar 601 from shaking.

The x-axis slide bar 601 comprises a grating sensor 602, the grating sensor 602 comprises a grating bar 609 arranged on the x-axis slide bar 601 and a grating distance sensor 603 arranged on the x-axis fixing part 410, and the grating distance sensor 603 is fixed on the x-axis fixing part 410 when the x-axis slide bar 601 slides.

The x-axis assembly 600 further includes a third hand wheel 604, the third hand wheel 604 being fixed to the fixed portion 410 and configured to drive the slide bar 601. The fixed part 410 includes a housing 606 covering the third sliding part 613 and the fourth sliding part 614, and the housing 606 is fixed to the z-axis slider 402. The hand wheel is fixed on the housing 606, a hole in the housing 606 through which the hand wheel rod 605 can pass is formed in the housing 606, the hand wheel rod 605 and the x-axis sliding rod 601 are in a tight fit state to a certain extent, and the hand wheel rod 605 can drive the x-axis sliding rod 601 to move towards the positive direction of the x-axis or the negative direction of the x-axis when the hand wheel rod 605 rotates clockwise or anticlockwise.

At the end of the x-axis slide bar 601 a surface measuring device 607 and a contact measuring device 608 are mounted. The surface measuring device 607 may optionally be a micrometer, the micrometer surface comprising a dial that can provide a reading. The micrometer also includes a data interface that can provide a reading signal, and a control system of the three-coordinate device 120 is optionally coupled to the data interface to receive readings generated by the micrometer. When the measuring device slides along the correcting interface of the workpiece, the measuring head of the micrometer keeps in contact with the boundary of the workpiece, and when the data interface continuously outputs measurement result data.

The contact measurement device 608 is configured to be disposed below the surface measurement device 607, where the contact measurement device 608 includes a probe that senses a position of one of the points on the workpiece when the probe is in contact with the workpiece, and the size of the workpiece can be determined through multiple sensing by the probe.

In summary, the three-dimensional device includes an x-axis, a y-axis, and a z-axis assembly, wherein the z-axis assembly is fixed on the y-axis assembly and moves with the y-axis assembly, and the z-axis assembly fixed on the x-axis assembly and moves with the z-axis.

The Y-axis assembly comprises a sliding block, a hand wheel and a pull rope, the hand wheel and the pull rope are used for driving the sliding block to move, the pull rope is wound on pulleys at the first end and the second end of the Y-axis assembly, the first end and the second end of the pull rope are connected with the sliding block of the Y-axis assembly, the pull rope is wound on the hand wheel rod, and the hand wheel rod drives the pull rope to drive the sliding block to move when rotating.

The z-axis assembly comprises a slide rod, a z-axis sliding block, a hand wheel for driving the sliding block to move and a pull rope. The sliding part on the z-axis sliding block comprises a sliding sheet, two ends of the sliding sheet comprise two sliding cones, and one side of the sliding sheet comprises an auxiliary plate perpendicular to the sliding sheet and is attached to the sliding sheet from the side face so as to keep the sliding block stable. The first end and the second end of the z-axis assembly are respectively provided with a pulley, the pulleys are wound with the pull ropes, and the tail ends of the pull ropes are connected to the z-axis sliding blocks. The wheel shaft of the hand wheel is directly matched with the pulley of the z-axis sliding block so as to directly drive the sliding block.

The x-axis assembly comprises a sliding rod, a sliding part and a hand wheel. The sliding piece matched with the x-axis sliding rod is arranged on the z-axis sliding block and comprises two sliding cones, one side of the sliding piece comprises an auxiliary plate perpendicular to the sliding piece and is attached to the sliding rod from the side face, so that the sliding block is kept stable. The hand wheel shaft of the hand wheel is directly attached to the sliding rod so as to directly drive the shaking device.

The x, y, z axis assembly includes a grating sensor for determining a slip distance, the grating sensor including a grating strip and a grating distance reader for determining the position of the test device, and the contact sensor.

Referring to fig. 7, the present application also provides a system 700 comprising a controller 701, the controller 701 being coupled to a surface measuring device 703, a grating sensor 704, a contact measuring device 705, and a communication module 706. The system further comprises a coordinate conversion module 707, which coordinate conversion module 707 is adapted to convert measured center coordinates of the pre-conditioning device outside the machine tool into center coordinates of a machine tool coordinate system. The system further includes a machine tool for machining the workpiece.

The controller 701 is connected with the controller 701, a surface measuring device 703, a grating sensor 704, a contact measuring device 705 and a communication module 706 through a control/communication bus. The controller 701 includes computing machine instructions for performing steps S1-S13, in which step S1 the controller 701 may initialize initial data for a three-coordinate device. The controller 701 continuously collects grating sensor data on the x, y, z axis assembly at a frequency as the surface measurement device 703 on the coordinate apparatus slides along the corrected boundary of the workpiece at step S2 to obtain continuous slave measurement result data.

The processor executes the proportional-proportional algorithm described above in step S3.

In the steps S4 and S5, the processor determines whether the position is aligned according to a proportional-to-oscillating algorithm, and selects whether to return to the step S2 or adjust the position according to the result.

Alternatively, the adjustment position in step S4 may be manually adjusted by an automated control or by a user.

If the processor monitors that the contact measuring device 705 is in contact with the first edge of the workpiece in step S6, the data of the grating sensor 704 is read and recorded as the first position.

If the processor monitors that the contact measuring device 705 is in contact with the second edge of the workpiece in step S7, the data of the grating sensor 704 is read and recorded as the second position.

The processor calculates a first size from the first location and the second location at step S8.

The processing in step S9 and step S10 performs the same actions as those in the steps S6 and S7, i.e., the third position and the fourth position are recorded.

The controller 701 calculates the center of the workpiece in step S11 and step S12.

In step S13, the controller 701 transmits the center data and/or the first size and the second size of the workpiece to the communication module 706 via a data bus, and the communication module 706 transmits the center data and/or the first size and the second size of the workpiece to the machine tool via a wired or wireless manner.

Alternatively, in the present application, the communication module 706 sends the data to the coordinate conversion module 707, and then sends the data to the machine tool through the coordinate conversion module 707.

In a preferred embodiment of the application, the coordinate conversion module 707 may be implemented as a separate software module, for example, the coordinate conversion module 707 may be implemented as a sub-module of a communication server that relays communications between the communication module 706 and the machine tool and converts the central data into the server data during the communication relay.

In summary, in the present application, the system comprises: the three-coordinate device is used for measuring and executing the steps S1-S16; the device comprises a three-coordinate device, a machine tool system and a machine tool system, wherein the three-coordinate device is used for receiving center data and/or a first size and a second size of a workpiece sent by the three-coordinate device, and converting center coordinate data generated by the three-coordinate device into center coordinate data of the machine tool coordinate system according to a rotation angle and a conversion vector between the coordinate system of the three-coordinate device and the coordinate system of the machine tool system; and the machine tool processes the workpiece according to the Chinese and western data and the first size and the second size.

Claims

1. The pre-adjusting method outside the machine tool is characterized in that,

the method comprises the steps of correcting a workpiece outside a machine tool:

s2, sliding and continuously measuring along the correction boundary of the workpiece by using a surface measuring device on a three-coordinate device so as to obtain continuous measurement results;

2. The method of claim 1, wherein initializing the position of the workpiece comprises placing the workpiece in a predetermined position on a workpiece positioning tool external to the machine tool.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the surface measurement device comprises a micrometer.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the surface measurement device slides along the rectified boundary of the workpiece and continuously measures comprises a three-coordinate device driving a measurement head of the micrometer to move across the surface of the workpiece.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized by the further step of:

s7, using the contact measurement device to contact with a second edge of the workpiece, and recording a second position of the contact measurement device by using a three-coordinate device;

6. The outer preset equipment of lathe, its characterized in that includes:

a three-coordinate device;

the machine tool workpiece positioning tool is used for placing workpieces;

a surface measurement device disposed on the three-coordinate apparatus;

7. The apparatus as recited in claim 6, further comprising: and the contact measurement device is arranged on the three-coordinate device and is used for measuring at least two dimensions of the workpiece by being driven by the three-coordinate device to determine the center of the workpiece.

8. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein a workpiece positioning fixture is used to position a workpiece outside of the machine tool.

9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the surface measurement device comprises a micrometer and the contact measurement apparatus comprises a contact sensor.

10. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that the micrometer and/or the contact measurement device are arranged at the x-axis end of a three-coordinate device.