CN117150608A - High-precision hydraulic model test method and system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a high-precision hydraulic model test method and a system. The high-precision hydraulic model test method comprises the following steps: constructing a digital model through the requirement information of hydraulic engineering and the structural information of a hydraulic and hydroelectric building; determining the proportion of the digital model according to a model similarity principle, acquiring the detail structure and the overall outline size of the hydraulic engineering building, selecting a test site by utilizing the overall size of the determined digital model after acquiring the determined detail structure and the overall outline size, and solidifying a model foundation platform; printing the digital model by using 3D printing equipment to obtain a digital model corresponding to the digital model; setting experimental conditions required by a hydraulic model test for the digital model, obtaining experimental data, and analyzing the experimental data to obtain an optimized hydraulic design and scheduling operation scheme. The system comprises modules corresponding to the method steps.
Description
Technical Field
The invention provides a high-precision hydraulic model test method and a high-precision hydraulic model test system, and belongs to the technical field of hydraulic models.
Background
The model test refers to a physical test, namely, a prototype entity is simulated, and relevant data are obtained and design defects are checked by performing corresponding tests on a scaled down or equal ratio model. The model test research breaks through the great investment, site restriction, data measurement and other difficulties required by the prototype test, and if the actual condition of the prototype is to be researched or the hydraulic characteristic of the prototype is to be checked, the model replay and the prototype similarity condition can be used for observation and analysis research, and then the prototype is extended according to a certain similarity criterion.
In a broad sense, there are three similar situations of the same kind, different kinds and metamorphosis. If the physical properties of two physical systems are different, some mathematical rule is followed between them. This method of knowing one physical phenomenon by studying the law of change of another physical phenomenon is called "simulation". The similarity of flows includes geometric, motion and dynamic similarities, so the similarity of prototype and model flows can be described in terms of geometric, motion and dynamic similarities.
Typical materials for hydraulic models are wood, metal, plastic, plexiglas, cement mortar, etc. The manufacturing is finished by mostly manual operation, the efficiency is lower, some hydraulic facilities with complex structures are difficult to manufacture models, meanwhile, the geometric accuracy of the traditional manual model manufacturing is difficult to ensure, and the simulation verification result is directly influenced, so that the traditional hydraulic model test method is limited in popularization and application and cannot meet the hydraulic engineering construction requirements in the quick development period of China.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-precision hydraulic model test method and a system, which are used for solving the problems of huge investment, site restriction, data measurement and the like required by a prototype test, and solving the problems of high cost, low efficiency, poor precision and difficult adjustment of the traditional hydraulic model. The adopted technical scheme is as follows:
a high-precision hydraulic model test method, the high-precision hydraulic model test method comprising:
constructing a digital model through the requirement information of hydraulic engineering and the structural information of a hydraulic and hydroelectric building;
determining the proportion of the digital model according to a model similarity principle, acquiring the detail structure and the overall outline size of the hydraulic engineering building, selecting a test site by utilizing the overall size of the determined digital model after acquiring the determined detail structure and the overall outline size, and solidifying a model foundation platform;
printing the digital model by using 3D printing equipment to obtain a digital model corresponding to the digital model;
setting experimental conditions required by a hydraulic model test for the digital model, obtaining experimental data, and analyzing the experimental data to obtain an optimized hydraulic design and scheduling operation scheme.
Further, a digital model is constructed by the demand information of hydraulic engineering and the structural information of the hydraulic and hydroelectric building, comprising:
extracting and acquiring the requirement information of the hydraulic engineering;
determining a hydropower building to be tested and a test purpose according to the requirement information of the hydraulic engineering;
and extracting information such as a building plane, a section, a vertical structure, a material and the like of the water conservancy and hydropower building to be tested, and constructing a digital model of the water conservancy and hydropower building to be tested by utilizing a 3D modeling tool by utilizing the information such as the building plane, the section, the vertical structure, the material and the like.
Further, printing the digital model by using a 3D printing device to obtain a digital model corresponding to the digital model, including:
dividing model parts of the digital model according to the output capacity of the 3D printing equipment to obtain a plurality of digital model units;
coding the digital model units to obtain unique codes corresponding to each digital model unit;
controlling the 3D printing equipment to sequentially print the digital model units according to the unique coding sequence corresponding to the digital model units to obtain 3D printing sub-models corresponding to a plurality of digital model units, and endowing the 3D printing sub-models with unique codes corresponding to the corresponding digital model units;
and splicing the 3D printing sub-models according to the unique codes corresponding to the digital model units, and rechecking the structural size and the position relation of the models after the 3D printing sub-models are spliced according to the unique codes corresponding to the digital model units to form complete digital models corresponding to the digital models.
Further, model component division of the digital model is performed according to the output capability of the 3D printing apparatus, and a plurality of digital model units are obtained, including:
acquiring rated output capacity and maximum output capacity of the 3D printing equipment;
acquiring the total amount of the whole material required by the 3D printing of the digital model;
and setting the specific number of digital model units by using the rated output capacity and the maximum output capacity of the 3D printing equipment and the total amount of the whole materials required by the 3D printing of the digital model.
Further, setting experimental conditions required by a hydraulic model test for the digital model, obtaining experimental data, and analyzing the experimental data to obtain an optimized hydraulic design and scheduling operation scheme, including:
adding materials such as plastic turf, grille, medium coarse sand and the like on a proper part of the surface of the model by adopting a hot melting or sticking means, and simulating the actual roughness of the surface of the hydraulic building;
installing and debugging each monitoring instrument according to the position to be monitored and the hydraulic data acquisition requirement;
carrying out a model water-through test, simulating the running conditions of hydraulic models under different flow rates and sediment contents, and collecting relevant hydraulic element monitoring data;
and analyzing according to the collected data and information, and optimizing the hydraulic design and the scheduling operation scheme.
A high-precision hydraulic model test system, the high-precision hydraulic model test system comprising:
the model construction module is used for constructing a digital model through the requirement information of the hydraulic engineering and the structural information of the hydraulic and hydroelectric building;
the size adjustment module is used for determining the proportion of the digital model according to the model similarity principle, acquiring the detail structure and the overall outline size of the hydraulic engineering building, selecting a test site by utilizing the determined overall size of the digital model after the determined detail structure and the determined overall outline size are obtained, and solidifying a model foundation platform;
the 3D printing module is used for printing the digital model by utilizing 3D printing equipment to obtain a digital model corresponding to the digital model;
the experimental scheme acquisition module is used for setting experimental conditions required by the hydraulic model test aiming at the digital model, obtaining experimental data, analyzing the experimental data and obtaining an optimized hydraulic design and scheduling operation scheme.
Further, the model building module includes:
the information extraction module is used for extracting and acquiring the requirement information of the hydraulic engineering;
the information determining module is used for determining a hydropower building to be tested and a test purpose according to the requirement information of the hydraulic engineering;
the digital model construction module is used for extracting information such as building plane, section, vertical, structure and material of the water conservancy and hydropower building to be tested, and constructing a digital model of the water conservancy and hydropower building to be tested by utilizing the information such as building plane, section, vertical, structure and material and utilizing a 3D modeling tool.
Further, the 3D printing module includes:
the division module is used for dividing model parts of the digital model according to the output capacity of the 3D printing equipment to obtain a plurality of digital model units;
the coding module is used for coding the digital model units to obtain unique codes corresponding to each digital model unit;
the printing control module is used for controlling the 3D printing equipment to sequentially print the digital model units according to the unique coding sequence corresponding to the digital model units to obtain 3D printing sub-models corresponding to a plurality of digital model units, and endowing the 3D printing sub-models with unique codes corresponding to the digital model units corresponding to the 3D printing sub-models;
and the splicing rechecking module is used for splicing the 3D printing sub-modules according to the unique codes corresponding to the digital model units, and rechecking the structural size and the position relation of the models after the 3D printing sub-modules are spliced according to the unique codes corresponding to the digital model units, so as to form a complete digital model corresponding to the digital model.
Further, the dividing module includes:
the first information acquisition module is used for acquiring rated output capacity and maximum output capacity of the 3D printing equipment;
the second information acquisition module is used for acquiring the total amount of the whole materials required by the 3D printing of the digital model;
and the quantity setting module is used for setting the specific quantity of the digital model units by utilizing the rated output capacity and the maximum output capacity of the 3D printing equipment and the total quantity of the whole materials required by the digital model 3D printing.
Further, the experimental scheme acquisition module includes:
the real roughness simulation module is used for adding materials such as plastic turf, grille, medium coarse sand and the like on a proper part of the surface of the model by adopting a hot melting or sticking means to simulate the real roughness of the surface of the hydraulic building;
the equipment connection and debugging module is used for installing and debugging each monitoring instrument according to the position to be monitored and the hydraulic data acquisition requirement;
the data collection module is used for simulating the running conditions of hydraulic models under different flow rates and sediment contents by developing model water-through tests and collecting relevant hydraulic element monitoring data;
and the analysis and scheme acquisition module is used for analyzing according to the collected data and information and optimizing the hydraulic design and scheduling operation scheme.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the high-precision hydraulic model test method and system provided by the invention have the characteristics of high model precision, high manufacturing efficiency, recyclable materials and the like. Under the great background of the daily and monthly variation of engineering technology, model verification is an important means for ensuring engineering quality, safety and economy and rationality, but the existing physical model verification method is limited by fund, site, time, technical limitations and the like, is generally applied to scientific research institutions and university laboratories, and cannot be fully popularized. Along with the development period of high speed and high quality of infrastructure construction in China, the technical problems of the engineering are more and more faced, verification through a model is a very effective means for solving the practical problem of the engineering, and the experiment for developing the hydraulic model by combining computer modeling and 3D printing technology has wide application prospect, and can develop a brand new engineering technical consultation service market field depending on the 3D printing hydraulic model experiment, thereby creating an emerging industry.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the method of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a system configuration diagram of the system according to the present invention.
Description of the embodiments
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, it being understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation of the present invention only, and are not intended to limit the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a high-precision hydraulic model test method, which is shown in fig. 1 and comprises the following steps:
s1, constructing a digital model through the requirement information of hydraulic engineering and the structural information of a hydraulic and hydroelectric building;
s2, determining the proportion of the digital model according to a model similarity principle, acquiring the detail structure and the overall outline size of the hydraulic engineering building, selecting a test site by utilizing the determined overall size of the digital model after acquiring the determined detail structure and the determined overall outline size, and solidifying a model foundation platform;
s3, printing the digital model by using a 3D printing device to obtain a digital model corresponding to the digital model;
s4, setting experimental conditions required by a hydraulic model test for the digital model, obtaining experimental data, and analyzing the experimental data to obtain an optimized hydraulic design and scheduling operation scheme.
The digital model is constructed through the demand information of hydraulic engineering and the structural information of the hydraulic and hydroelectric building, and comprises the following steps:
s101, extracting and acquiring the requirement information of the hydraulic engineering;
s102, determining a hydropower building to be tested and a test purpose according to the requirement information of the hydraulic engineering;
and S103, extracting information such as building plane, section, vertical, structure and material of the water conservancy and hydropower building to be tested, and constructing a digital model of the water conservancy and hydropower building to be tested by utilizing a 3D modeling tool by utilizing the information such as building plane, section, vertical, structure and material.
Printing the digital model by using a 3D printing device to obtain a digital model corresponding to the digital model, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
s301, dividing model parts of a digital model according to the output capacity of the 3D printing equipment to obtain a plurality of digital model units;
s302, coding the digital model units to obtain unique codes corresponding to each digital model unit;
s303, controlling the 3D printing equipment to sequentially print the digital model units according to the unique coding sequence corresponding to the digital model units to obtain 3D printing sub-models corresponding to a plurality of digital model units, and endowing the 3D printing sub-models with unique codes corresponding to the digital model units corresponding to the 3D printing sub-models;
s304, splicing the 3D printing sub-modules according to the unique codes corresponding to the digital model units, and rechecking the structural size and the position relation of the models after the 3D printing sub-modules are spliced according to the unique codes corresponding to the digital model units, so as to form complete digital models corresponding to the digital models.
Specifically, according to the output capability of the 3D printing device, model component division of the digital model is performed, and a plurality of digital model units are obtained, including:
s3011, acquiring rated output capacity and maximum output capacity of the 3D printing equipment;
s3012, obtaining the total amount of the whole materials required by the 3D printing of the digital model;
s3013, setting a specific number of digital model units by using the rated output capacity and the maximum output capacity of the 3D printing equipment and the total amount of the whole materials required by the digital model 3D printing.
Setting experimental conditions required by a hydraulic model test for the digital model, obtaining experimental data, analyzing the experimental data, and obtaining an optimized hydraulic design and scheduling operation scheme, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
s401, adding materials such as plastic turf, grids, medium coarse sand and the like on a proper position on the surface of the model by adopting a hot melting or sticking means, and simulating the actual roughness of the surface of the hydraulic building;
s402, installing and debugging each monitoring instrument according to the position to be monitored and the hydraulic data acquisition requirement;
s403, carrying out a model water-through test, simulating the running conditions of hydraulic models under different flow rates and sediment contents, and collecting relevant hydraulic element monitoring data;
s404, analyzing according to the collected data and information, and optimizing the hydraulic design and the scheduling operation scheme.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: as shown in fig. 2, the method of the present invention comprises the steps of: the implementation steps are as follows: step (1): according to the actual demands of hydraulic engineering, determining the object of the hydraulic and hydroelectric construction (structure) to be researched and the test purpose. Step (2): and establishing a digital model through computer software according to the plane, section, vertical, structure, material and other information of the water conservancy and hydropower construction (structure) building to be researched. Step (3): and determining the proportion size and the overall model size of the model according to the model similarity principle. Step (4): and (3) selecting a test site according to the overall printing proportion size of the model determined in the step (3), and solidifying a model foundation platform. Step (5): and calculating the size of the unit printed by the model section, the block or the slice according to the output capacity of the 3D printing equipment, numbering each unit, and facilitating later assembly. Step (6): and respectively printing out each unit model through a 3D printer according to the model size and the unit division. Step (7): assembling each unit model on the model site platform according to the sequence numbers, and rechecking the structural size and the position relation of the models. Step (8): and adding materials such as plastic turf, grille, medium coarse sand and the like on a proper part of the surface of the model by adopting a hot melting or sticking means, and simulating the actual roughness of the surface of the hydraulic building. Step (9): and installing and debugging each monitoring instrument according to the position to be monitored and the hydraulic data acquisition requirement. Step (c): and (3) carrying out a model water-through test, simulating the running conditions of hydraulic models under different flow rates and sediment contents, and collecting relevant hydraulic element monitoring data. Step ⑪: and analyzing according to the collected data and information, and optimizing the hydraulic design and the scheduling operation scheme.
The step (2) is characterized in that: to save material and increase printing speed, a shell model is generally built, but the internal support structure and subsequent assembly needs are considered. When the digital model is built, the roughness and flatness of the surface of the hydraulic facility are required to be fully considered, and the comprehensive roughness of the hydraulic structure is better simulated. The installation requirement of the monitoring equipment is also considered, and the fixed installation position is reserved. Step (6) is characterized in that: the 3D printing material applied to the method comprises PLA, ABS, resin and the like, belongs to an environment-friendly material which can be degraded and recycled, has low manufacturing cost and is easy to purchase. Step (7) is characterized in that: on the basis of keeping the stability and the splicing quality of the model arrangement, the structural size and the position relation of the model are rechecked by using a total station, a laser ranging or a handheld three-dimensional scanner, so that the precision of the model is ensured. Step (8) is characterized in that: and fixing rough rate simulation materials such as plastic turf, grids, medium coarse sand and the like on the surface of the model by using hot melt of PLA, ABS and resin materials and adopting a blast lamp. Step (9) is characterized in that: according to the test requirements and the reserved positions of the model, the hydraulic element monitoring equipment such as the induction type water level, the flow velocity and the flow state is installed, and meanwhile, the high-definition camera is installed, so that data and information are collected for the whole model test process. Step (c) is characterized in that: the running condition of hydraulic models under different flow rates and sediment contents can be simulated, and simultaneously, the three-dimensional scanner is used for collecting the data of the siltation and scouring condition of the hydraulic building.
The method has the main function of simulating hydraulic element data under the action of water flow through the hydraulic building height simulation model so as to optimize the design and dispatch operation technical parameters of the prototype hydraulic building. According to the principle of similarity of geometry, motion and power, the seamless connection of digital model-physical model-reality simulation is realized by combining software modeling, 3D printing and data acquisition and analysis technologies, the replay simulation is carried out on the complex hydraulic structure and the water flow effect, and the reasonable design parameters and the reliable scheduling operation of the hydraulic building are ensured.
The technical effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the high-precision hydraulic model test method provided by the embodiment has the characteristics of high model precision, high manufacturing efficiency, recyclable materials and the like. Under the great background of the daily and monthly variation of engineering technology, model verification is an important means for ensuring engineering quality, safety and economy and rationality, but the existing physical model verification method is limited by fund, site, time, technical limitations and the like, is generally applied to scientific research institutions and university laboratories, and cannot be fully popularized. Along with the development period of high speed and high quality of infrastructure construction in China, the technical problems of the engineering are more and more faced, verification through a model is a very effective means for solving the practical problem of the engineering, and the experiment for developing the hydraulic model by combining computer modeling and 3D printing technology has wide application prospect, and can develop a brand new engineering technical consultation service market field depending on the 3D printing hydraulic model experiment, thereby creating an emerging industry.
The embodiment relates to a high-precision hydraulic model test system, the high-precision hydraulic model test system includes:
the model construction module is used for constructing a digital model through the requirement information of the hydraulic engineering and the structural information of the hydraulic and hydroelectric building;
the size adjustment module is used for determining the proportion of the digital model according to the model similarity principle, acquiring the detail structure and the overall outline size of the hydraulic engineering building, selecting a test site by utilizing the determined overall size of the digital model after the determined detail structure and the determined overall outline size are obtained, and solidifying a model foundation platform;
the 3D printing module is used for printing the digital model by utilizing 3D printing equipment to obtain a digital model corresponding to the digital model;
the experimental scheme acquisition module is used for setting experimental conditions required by the hydraulic model test aiming at the digital model, obtaining experimental data, analyzing the experimental data and obtaining an optimized hydraulic design and scheduling operation scheme.
Wherein, the model construction module includes:
the information extraction module is used for extracting and acquiring the requirement information of the hydraulic engineering;
the information determining module is used for determining a hydropower building to be tested and a test purpose according to the requirement information of the hydraulic engineering;
the digital model construction module is used for extracting information such as building plane, section, vertical, structure and material of the water conservancy and hydropower building to be tested, and constructing a digital model of the water conservancy and hydropower building to be tested by utilizing the information such as building plane, section, vertical, structure and material and utilizing a 3D modeling tool.
Wherein, the 3D printing module includes:
the division module is used for dividing model parts of the digital model according to the output capacity of the 3D printing equipment to obtain a plurality of digital model units;
the coding module is used for coding the digital model units to obtain unique codes corresponding to each digital model unit;
the printing control module is used for controlling the 3D printing equipment to sequentially print the digital model units according to the unique coding sequence corresponding to the digital model units to obtain 3D printing sub-models corresponding to a plurality of digital model units, and endowing the 3D printing sub-models with unique codes corresponding to the digital model units corresponding to the 3D printing sub-models;
and the splicing rechecking module is used for splicing the 3D printing sub-modules according to the unique codes corresponding to the digital model units, and rechecking the structural size and the position relation of the models after the 3D printing sub-modules are spliced according to the unique codes corresponding to the digital model units, so as to form a complete digital model corresponding to the digital model.
Wherein, the division module includes:
the first information acquisition module is used for acquiring rated output capacity and maximum output capacity of the 3D printing equipment;
the second information acquisition module is used for acquiring the total amount of the whole materials required by the 3D printing of the digital model;
and the quantity setting module is used for setting the specific quantity of the digital model units by utilizing the rated output capacity and the maximum output capacity of the 3D printing equipment and the total quantity of the whole materials required by the digital model 3D printing.
Wherein, experimental scheme obtains the module and includes:
the real roughness simulation module is used for adding materials such as plastic turf, grille, medium coarse sand and the like on a proper part of the surface of the model by adopting a hot melting or sticking means to simulate the real roughness of the surface of the hydraulic building;
the equipment connection and debugging module is used for installing and debugging each monitoring instrument according to the position to be monitored and the hydraulic data acquisition requirement;
the data collection module is used for simulating the running conditions of hydraulic models under different flow rates and sediment contents by developing model water-through tests and collecting relevant hydraulic element monitoring data;
and the analysis and scheme acquisition module is used for analyzing according to the collected data and information and optimizing the hydraulic design and scheduling operation scheme.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: as shown in fig. 2, the method of the present invention comprises the steps of: the implementation steps are as follows: step (1): according to the actual demands of hydraulic engineering, determining the object of the hydraulic and hydroelectric construction (structure) to be researched and the test purpose. Step (2): and establishing a digital model through computer software according to the plane, section, vertical, structure, material and other information of the water conservancy and hydropower construction (structure) building to be researched. Step (3): and determining the proportion size and the overall model size of the model according to the model similarity principle. Step (4): and (3) selecting a test site according to the overall printing proportion size of the model determined in the step (3), and solidifying a model foundation platform. Step (5): and calculating the size of the unit printed by the model section, the block or the slice according to the output capacity of the 3D printing equipment, numbering each unit, and facilitating later assembly. Step (6): and respectively printing out each unit model through a 3D printer according to the model size and the unit division. Step (7): assembling each unit model on the model site platform according to the sequence numbers, and rechecking the structural size and the position relation of the models. Step (8): and adding materials such as plastic turf, grille, medium coarse sand and the like on a proper part of the surface of the model by adopting a hot melting or sticking means, and simulating the actual roughness of the surface of the hydraulic building. Step (9): and installing and debugging each monitoring instrument according to the position to be monitored and the hydraulic data acquisition requirement. Step (c): and (3) carrying out a model water-through test, simulating the running conditions of hydraulic models under different flow rates and sediment contents, and collecting relevant hydraulic element monitoring data. Step ⑪: and analyzing according to the collected data and information, and optimizing the hydraulic design and the scheduling operation scheme.
The step (2) is characterized in that: to save material and increase printing speed, a shell model is generally built, but the internal support structure and subsequent assembly needs are considered. When the digital model is built, the roughness and flatness of the surface of the hydraulic facility are required to be fully considered, and the comprehensive roughness of the hydraulic structure is better simulated. The installation requirement of the monitoring equipment is also considered, and the fixed installation position is reserved. Step (6) is characterized in that: the 3D printing material applied to the method comprises PLA, ABS, resin and the like, belongs to an environment-friendly material which can be degraded and recycled, has low manufacturing cost and is easy to purchase. Step (7) is characterized in that: on the basis of keeping the stability and the splicing quality of the model arrangement, the structural size and the position relation of the model are rechecked by using a total station, a laser ranging or a handheld three-dimensional scanner, so that the precision of the model is ensured. Step (8) is characterized in that: and fixing rough rate simulation materials such as plastic turf, grids, medium coarse sand and the like on the surface of the model by using hot melt of PLA, ABS and resin materials and adopting a blast lamp. Step (9) is characterized in that: according to the test requirements and the reserved positions of the model, the hydraulic element monitoring equipment such as the induction type water level, the flow velocity and the flow state is installed, and meanwhile, the high-definition camera is installed, so that data and information are collected for the whole model test process. Step (c) is characterized in that: the running condition of hydraulic models under different flow rates and sediment contents can be simulated, and simultaneously, the three-dimensional scanner is used for collecting the data of the siltation and scouring condition of the hydraulic building.
The method has the main function of simulating hydraulic element data under the action of water flow through the hydraulic building height simulation model so as to optimize the design and dispatch operation technical parameters of the prototype hydraulic building. According to the principle of similarity of geometry, motion and power, the seamless connection of digital model-physical model-reality simulation is realized by combining software modeling, 3D printing and data acquisition and analysis technologies, the replay simulation is carried out on the complex hydraulic structure and the water flow effect, and the reasonable design parameters and the reliable scheduling operation of the hydraulic building are ensured.
The technical effects of the technical scheme are as follows: the high-precision hydraulic model test system provided by the embodiment has the characteristics of high model precision, high manufacturing efficiency, recyclable materials and the like. Under the great background of the daily and monthly variation of engineering technology, model verification is an important means for ensuring engineering quality, safety and economy and rationality, but the existing physical model verification method is limited by fund, site, time, technical limitations and the like, is generally applied to scientific research institutions and university laboratories, and cannot be fully popularized. Along with the development period of high speed and high quality of infrastructure construction in China, the technical problems of the engineering are more and more faced, verification through a model is a very effective means for solving the practical problem of the engineering, and the experiment for developing the hydraulic model by combining computer modeling and 3D printing technology has wide application prospect, and can develop a brand new engineering technical consultation service market field depending on the 3D printing hydraulic model experiment, thereby creating an emerging industry.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. The high-precision hydraulic model test method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
constructing a digital model through the requirement information of hydraulic engineering and the structural information of a hydraulic and hydroelectric building;
determining the proportion of the digital model according to a model similarity principle, acquiring the detail structure and the overall outline size of the hydraulic engineering building, selecting a test site by utilizing the overall size of the determined digital model after acquiring the determined detail structure and the overall outline size, and solidifying a model foundation platform;
printing the digital model by using 3D printing equipment to obtain a digital model corresponding to the digital model;
setting experimental conditions required by a hydraulic model test for the digital model, obtaining experimental data, and analyzing the experimental data to obtain an optimized hydraulic design and scheduling operation scheme.
2. The high-precision hydraulic model test method according to claim 1, wherein constructing a digital model from the demand information of the hydraulic engineering and the structural information of the hydraulic and hydroelectric building comprises:
extracting and acquiring the requirement information of the hydraulic engineering;
determining a hydropower building to be tested and a test purpose according to the requirement information of the hydraulic engineering;
and extracting the building plane, section, vertical, structure and material information of the water conservancy and hydropower building to be tested, and constructing a digital model of the water conservancy and hydropower building to be tested by utilizing a 3D modeling tool by utilizing the building plane, section, vertical, structure and material information.
3. The high-precision hydraulic model test method according to claim 1, wherein printing the digital model by using a 3D printing device to obtain a digital model corresponding to the digital model, comprises:
dividing model parts of the digital model according to the output capacity of the 3D printing equipment to obtain a plurality of digital model units;
coding the digital model units to obtain unique codes corresponding to each digital model unit;
controlling the 3D printing equipment to sequentially print the digital model units according to the unique coding sequence corresponding to the digital model units to obtain 3D printing sub-models corresponding to a plurality of digital model units, and endowing the 3D printing sub-models with unique codes corresponding to the corresponding digital model units;
and splicing the 3D printing sub-models according to the unique codes corresponding to the digital model units, and rechecking the structural size and the position relation of the models after the 3D printing sub-models are spliced according to the unique codes corresponding to the digital model units to form complete digital models corresponding to the digital models.
4. A high-precision hydraulic model test method according to claim 3, wherein the model component division of the digital model is performed according to the output capability of the 3D printing apparatus to obtain a plurality of digital model units, comprising:
acquiring rated output capacity and maximum output capacity of the 3D printing equipment;
acquiring the total amount of the whole material required by the 3D printing of the digital model;
and setting the specific number of digital model units by using the rated output capacity and the maximum output capacity of the 3D printing equipment and the total amount of the whole materials required by the 3D printing of the digital model.
5. The high-precision hydraulic model test method according to claim 1, wherein setting experimental conditions required for hydraulic model test for the digital model, obtaining experimental data, and analyzing the experimental data, obtaining an optimized hydraulic design and scheduling operation scheme, comprises:
adding plastic turf, grille and medium coarse sand material to the proper part of the model surface by means of hot melting or sticking to simulate the real roughness of the hydraulic building surface;
installing and debugging each monitoring instrument according to the position to be monitored and the hydraulic data acquisition requirement;
carrying out a model water-through test, simulating the running conditions of hydraulic models under different flow rates and sediment contents, and collecting relevant hydraulic element monitoring data;
and analyzing according to the collected data and information, and optimizing the hydraulic design and the scheduling operation scheme.
6. A high-precision hydraulic model test system, the high-precision hydraulic model test system comprising:
the model construction module is used for constructing a digital model through the requirement information of the hydraulic engineering and the structural information of the hydraulic and hydroelectric building;
the size adjustment module is used for determining the proportion of the digital model according to the model similarity principle, acquiring the detail structure and the overall outline size of the hydraulic engineering building, selecting a test site by utilizing the determined overall size of the digital model after the determined detail structure and the determined overall outline size are obtained, and solidifying a model foundation platform;
the 3D printing module is used for printing the digital model by utilizing 3D printing equipment to obtain a digital model corresponding to the digital model;
the experimental scheme acquisition module is used for setting experimental conditions required by the hydraulic model test aiming at the digital model, obtaining experimental data, analyzing the experimental data and obtaining an optimized hydraulic design and scheduling operation scheme.
7. The high-precision hydraulic model testing system of claim 6, wherein the model building module comprises:
the information extraction module is used for extracting and acquiring the requirement information of the hydraulic engineering;
the information determining module is used for determining a hydropower building to be tested and a test purpose according to the requirement information of the hydraulic engineering;
the digital model construction module is used for extracting the information of the plane, the section, the vertical direction, the structure and the material of the water conservancy and hydropower building to be tested, and constructing the digital model of the water conservancy and hydropower building to be tested by utilizing the 3D modeling tool by utilizing the information of the plane, the section, the vertical direction, the structure and the material of the building.
8. The high precision hydraulic model test system of claim 6, wherein the 3D printing module comprises:
the division module is used for dividing model parts of the digital model according to the output capacity of the 3D printing equipment to obtain a plurality of digital model units;
the coding module is used for coding the digital model units to obtain unique codes corresponding to each digital model unit;
the printing control module is used for controlling the 3D printing equipment to sequentially print the digital model units according to the unique coding sequence corresponding to the digital model units to obtain 3D printing sub-models corresponding to a plurality of digital model units, and endowing the 3D printing sub-models with unique codes corresponding to the digital model units corresponding to the 3D printing sub-models;
and the splicing rechecking module is used for splicing the 3D printing sub-modules according to the unique codes corresponding to the digital model units, and rechecking the structural size and the position relation of the models after the 3D printing sub-modules are spliced according to the unique codes corresponding to the digital model units, so as to form a complete digital model corresponding to the digital model.
9. The high precision hydraulic model test system of claim 8, wherein the partitioning module comprises:
the first information acquisition module is used for acquiring rated output capacity and maximum output capacity of the 3D printing equipment;
the second information acquisition module is used for acquiring the total amount of the whole materials required by the 3D printing of the digital model;
and the quantity setting module is used for setting the specific quantity of the digital model units by utilizing the rated output capacity and the maximum output capacity of the 3D printing equipment and the total quantity of the whole materials required by the digital model 3D printing.
10. The high-precision hydraulic model test system of claim 6, wherein the protocol acquisition module comprises:
the real roughness simulation module is used for adding plastic turf, grille and medium coarse sand materials on a proper part of the surface of the model by adopting a hot melting or sticking means to simulate the real roughness of the surface of the hydraulic building;
the equipment connection and debugging module is used for installing and debugging each monitoring instrument according to the position to be monitored and the hydraulic data acquisition requirement;
the data collection module is used for simulating the running conditions of hydraulic models under different flow rates and sediment contents by developing model water-through tests and collecting relevant hydraulic element monitoring data;
and the analysis and scheme acquisition module is used for analyzing according to the collected data and information and optimizing the hydraulic design and scheduling operation scheme.
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