CN117148594B - Display assembly and AR equipment - Google Patents
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- CN117148594B CN117148594B CN202311422248.2A CN202311422248A CN117148594B CN 117148594 B CN117148594 B CN 117148594B CN 202311422248 A CN202311422248 A CN 202311422248A CN 117148594 B CN117148594 B CN 117148594B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
Abstract
The application discloses display element and AR equipment relates to optics and shows technical field, and the display element of this application includes ray apparatus and sets gradually in negative refraction panel lens and the optical waveguide of ray apparatus light-emitting side, is provided with coupling-in region and at least one coupling-out region on the optical waveguide, and negative refraction panel lens is used for the laser beam of ray apparatus outgoing to the central line deflection outgoing of negative refraction panel lens with coupling-in region relative setting, and the laser beam of deflection outgoing is coupled into the optical waveguide by coupling-in region. The display component and the AR equipment can reduce energy loss caused by secondary diffraction of light at the entrance pupil grating on the premise of a thinner waveguide substrate, and improve uniformity and imaging brightness of an image.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of optical display, in particular to a display component and AR equipment.
Background
Augmented reality (Augmented Reality, AR) technology is a technology that smartly merges virtual information with the real world, and such a head-mounted display using the augmented reality technology allows people to view the surrounding environment while projecting virtual images to the eyes of the people. Among them, the diffractive optical waveguide is a display scheme of the mainstream AR device, and many AR devices adopt such a display scheme, and since the diffractive optical waveguide has the advantages of light weight, large viewing angle, large eye movement range, and low mass production cost, it is generally considered as a mainstream display technical route in the AR industry.
The diffractive optical waveguide requires a coupling-in and coupling-out process if the light beam from the light engine is to be directed into the human eye. The light beam emitted by the optical machine is coupled into the optical waveguide through the coupling-in area, is totally reflected and transmitted in the coupling-in area, and finally is emitted from the exit pupil area to enter the human eye. When the thickness of the optical waveguide is thinner, as shown in fig. 2, a part of light beams are coupled into the optical waveguide through the coupling-in area, the horizontal distance of the light beams propagating on the surface of the optical waveguide through primary total reflection is smaller than the size of the entrance pupil grating, as shown by the light beams represented by the broken lines in fig. 2, the part of light beams are again incident into the coupling-in area to carry out secondary diffraction, the part of light beams can increase energy emitted out of the optical waveguide along with the secondary diffraction, the energy entering the optical waveguide is reduced, and finally, the brightness of an image formed by the light beams coupled out of the coupling-out area is uneven and becomes smaller, so that the display effect is affected; when the thickness of the optical waveguide is thicker and the size of the coupling-in region is larger, as shown in fig. 3, the distance that the light beam propagates on the surface of the optical waveguide by one-time total reflection is larger, so that the pupils copied and coupled out by the coupling-out region are not overlapped, resulting in discontinuous images and poor color uniformity of the picture.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the application is to provide a display assembly and AR equipment, which can reduce energy loss caused by secondary diffraction of light at an entrance pupil grating on the premise of a thinner waveguide substrate, and improve uniformity and imaging brightness of an image.
In one aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a display assembly, including an optical engine, and a negative refraction plate lens and an optical waveguide that are sequentially disposed on an optical engine light-emitting side, where the optical waveguide is provided with a coupling-in area and at least one coupling-out area, the negative refraction plate lens is disposed opposite to the coupling-in area, the negative refraction plate lens is configured to deflect a laser beam emitted from the optical engine to a central line of the negative refraction plate lens for emitting, and the deflected emitted laser beam is coupled into the optical waveguide by the coupling-in area.
As an embodiment, the negative refraction flat lens includes a first deflection portion and a second deflection portion which are disposed in a laminated manner along a direction perpendicular to a propagation direction of the laser beam, a left portion of an optical axis of the laser beam is incident on the first deflection portion, and the first deflection portion is used for deflecting the left portion of the optical axis of the laser beam to the right; the right part of the laser beam optical axis enters the second deflection part, and the second deflection part is used for deflecting the right part of the laser beam optical axis to the left.
As an implementation manner, the first deflection part and the second deflection part respectively comprise a lower lens group and an upper lens group along the light path transmission direction, the upper lens group comprises a plurality of first reflecting strips arranged along the first direction, the lower lens group comprises a plurality of second reflecting strips arranged along the second direction, the upper lens group of the first deflection part and the upper lens group of the second deflection part have a first preset included angle, the lower lens group of the first deflection part and the lower lens group of the second deflection part have a second preset included angle, and the first preset included angle and the second preset included angle are smaller thanThe first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.
As an implementation manner, the first reflection strip comprises a lens and first reflection films arranged on two sides of the lens; the second reflection strip comprises a lens and second reflection films arranged on two side surfaces of the lens.
As an implementation manner, a third preset included angle is formed between the first reflecting film and the second reflecting film, and the third preset included angle is formed between the first reflecting film and the second reflecting filmBetween them.
As an implementation manner, the light emergent area of the optical machine is smaller than the area of the negative refraction flat lens, and the light spot of the laser beam emitted by the negative refraction flat lens projected onto the optical waveguide falls into the coupling-in area.
As one implementation, the refractive index of the optical waveguide is between 1.5 and 2.5, and the thickness H of the optical waveguide is less than or equal to 1mm.
As an embodiment, the coupling-in region and the coupling-out region are provided with diffraction gratings for coupling in or coupling out the light beam.
As an embodiment, the diffraction grating is a surface relief grating or a volume hologram grating.
Another aspect of embodiments of the present application provides an AR device including the above display assembly.
The beneficial effects of the embodiment of the application include:
the application provides a display module, including ray apparatus and set gradually in negative refraction panel lens and the optical waveguide of ray apparatus light-emitting side, be provided with coupling-in region and at least one coupling-out region on the optical waveguide, negative refraction panel lens and coupling-in region set up relatively, and negative refraction panel lens is used for the laser beam of ray apparatus outgoing to the central line deflection outgoing of negative refraction panel lens, and the laser beam of deflection outgoing is coupled in the optical waveguide by coupling-in region. The laser beam emitted by the light machine is conical light, the negative refraction flat lens deflects the laser beam towards the center line of the negative refraction flat lens, so that the laser beam irradiated to the left side of the center line of the negative refraction flat lens is deflected rightwards to emit at an acute angle and irradiates to the coupling-in area, the laser beam irradiated to the right side of the center line of the negative refraction flat lens is deflected leftwards to emit at an obtuse angle and irradiates to the coupling-in area, the left side light line with a smaller diffraction angle is changed into the light line with a larger diffraction angle to carry out the coupling-in area, the larger diffraction angle can enable the horizontal distance of the laser beam transmitted on the surface of the waveguide by primary total reflection to be larger, the laser beam is prevented from being incident into the coupling-in area again, and therefore energy loss caused by secondary diffraction is avoided, and uniformity and imaging brightness of an image are improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered limiting the scope, and that other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display assembly according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is an optical path diagram of a thinner optical waveguide of the prior art;
FIG. 3 is an optical path diagram of a thicker optical waveguide of the prior art;
fig. 4 is a light path diagram of a display assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a negative refractive panel lens according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of a display assembly according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic optical path diagram of a first deflecting portion according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an optical path of a second deflecting portion according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a display assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of an optical path according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 11 is a schematic optical path diagram of a second embodiment provided in the present application.
Icon: 100-a display assembly; 500-ray machine; 1000-negative refractive flat lens; 1100-a first deflection portion; 1200-second deflection portion; 1300-upper lens group; 1400-lower lens group; 1500-a first reflective strip; 1600-second reflective stripes; 1700—a first reflective film; 1800-a second reflective film; 10-an optical waveguide; 101-a coupling-in region; 102-out-coupling region.
Detailed Description
For the purposes of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, which are generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, as provided in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the application, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments herein without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present application.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The light propagates forward through total internal reflection in the optical waveguide, wherein the horizontal distance of the light propagating on the surface of the optical waveguide through total internal reflection is related to the thickness of the optical waveguide and the diffraction angle, when the thickness of the optical waveguide is smaller, the light propagates on the surface of the optical waveguide through total internal reflection because the distance of the light propagating on the surface of the optical waveguide through total internal reflection is smaller, when the coupling-in area is larger, the light is coupled in by the coupling-in area and enters the coupling-in area again after being subjected to total internal reflection, so that part of the light is coupled out through secondary diffraction in the coupling-in area, the part of the light is lost, the brightness of an image is reduced, and the imaging quality is not uniform. In order to improve the uniformity of the brightness of the image in the prior art, a specially designed grating is added behind the light beam in the coupling-in area for the light beam which does not generate secondary diffraction, so that a part of energy is lost by the light beam, and the energy of the light beam and the light beam which generates secondary diffraction in the entrance pupil area become uniform. Therefore, although the uniformity of the image can be improved, the problem of energy loss is not solved, but the energy loss is aggravated, so that the brightness of the image is further reduced, and the use experience is affected.
The application provides a display assembly 100, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 4, including a light machine 500, and a negative refraction flat lens 1000 and an optical waveguide 10 sequentially disposed on a light emitting side of the light machine 500, wherein a coupling-in area 101 and at least one coupling-out area 102 are disposed on the optical waveguide 10, the negative refraction flat lens 1000 is disposed opposite to the coupling-in area 101, the negative refraction flat lens 1000 is configured to deflect a laser beam emitted from the light machine 500 to a central line of the negative refraction flat lens 1000, and the deflected laser beam is coupled into the optical waveguide 10 by the coupling-in area 101.
The light machine 500 emits a laser beam, the laser beam is cone-shaped light, the cone-shaped light projects onto the negative refraction flat lens 1000, the negative refraction flat lens 1000 has a negative refraction effect on light rays, so that incident light and emitted light are located on the same side of a normal line, namely, the laser beam is emitted after being mirrored about a plane where the negative refraction flat lens 1000 is located, specifically, the negative refraction flat lens 1000 of the embodiment of the present application deflects and emits the laser beam emitted by the light machine 500 towards a center line of the negative refraction flat lens 1000, as shown in fig. 4, the laser beams on two sides are inwardly drawn and emitted and then are incident into the coupling-in area 101, specifically, the laser beam irradiated to the left side of the center line of the negative refraction flat lens 1000 is deflected at an acute angle to the right side and is irradiated to the coupling-in area 101, and the laser beam irradiated to the right side of the center line of the negative refraction flat lens is deflected to the left at an obtuse angle and is emitted to the coupling-in area 101, so that the left side light ray with a smaller diffraction angle becomes the light with a larger diffraction angle is coupled in area 101. The larger diffraction angle can make the horizontal distance that the laser beam propagates on the surface of the waveguide by performing primary total reflection in the optical waveguide 10 larger, so that the laser beam is prevented from being incident into the coupling-in area 101 again, thereby avoiding energy loss caused by secondary diffraction and improving the uniformity and imaging brightness of the image.
The specific material of the optical waveguide 10 is not limited in the embodiment of the present application, and materials of the optical waveguide 10 in the prior art, such as resin or glass, may be used, so long as the light beam is totally reflected therein.
The application provides a display module 100, including ray apparatus 500 and set gradually in negative refraction flat lens 1000 and optical waveguide 10 of ray apparatus 500 light-emitting side, the laser beam that ray apparatus 500 was emergent is the toper light, negative refraction flat lens 1000 deflects the laser beam to the central line of negative refraction flat lens 1000, make the laser beam that shines to negative refraction flat lens 1000 central line left side right side deflect with the acute angle outgoing and shine to coupling-in region 101, the laser beam that shines to negative refraction refractive index lens central line right side left side deflects and is emergent with the obtuse angle and shines to coupling-in region 101, thereby the left side light that makes the diffraction angle less becomes the light that the diffraction angle is great carries out coupling-in region 101, great diffraction angle can make the laser beam carry out the horizontal distance that once total reflection propagates at the waveguide surface in optical waveguide 10 great, avoided the laser beam to incident coupling-in region 101 once again, thereby avoided the energy loss that the secondary diffraction caused, promote homogeneity and the imaging brightness of image.
Specifically, the negative refractive panel lens 1000 includes a first deflecting portion 1100 and a second deflecting portion 1200 which are disposed in a laminated manner along a direction perpendicular to a laser beam traveling direction, a left portion of an optical axis of the laser beam is incident on the first deflecting portion 1100, and the first deflecting portion 1100 is configured to deflect the left portion of the optical axis of the laser beam to the right; the right portion of the optical axis of the laser beam is incident on the second deflecting portion 1200, and the second deflecting portion 1200 serves to deflect the right portion of the optical axis of the laser beam to the left.
Since the negative refractive flat lens 1000 needs to deflect and emit the laser beam emitted from the optical engine 500 toward the center line of the negative refractive flat lens 1000, for convenience of arrangement, the negative refractive flat lens 1000 is configured as a first deflecting portion 1100 and a second deflecting portion 1200 which are disposed in a manner of being attached along a direction perpendicular to the propagation direction of the laser beam, and the first deflecting portion 1100 and the second deflecting portion 1200 deflect the light beams on both sides inward, respectively.
In one implementation manner of the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the first deflecting portion 1100 and the second deflecting portion 1200 each include a lower lens group 1400 and an upper lens group 1300 along the optical path transmission direction, the upper lens group 1300 includes a plurality of first reflective strips 1500 arranged along a first direction, the lower lens group 1400 includes a plurality of second reflective strips 1600 arranged along a second direction, the upper lens group 1300 of the first deflecting portion 1100 and the upper lens group 1300 of the second deflecting portion 1200 have a first preset included angle, the lower lens group 1400 of the first deflecting portion 1100 and the lower lens group 1400 of the second deflecting portion 1200 have a second preset included angle, and the first preset included angle and the second preset included angle are smaller than each otherThe first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the first deflecting portion 1100 includes a lower lens group 1400 and an upper lens group 1300, the upper lens group 1300 includes a plurality of first reflective strips 1500 arranged along a first direction, the lower lens group 1400 includes a plurality of second reflective strips 1600 arranged along a second direction, as shown in fig. 7, when light enters the surface of the second reflective strip 1600 at an angle α, after being reflected by the surface of the second reflective strip 1600, the light enters the surface of the first reflective strip 1500 at an angle β, and is reflected by the surface of the second reflective strip 1600, i.e. the first deflecting portion 1100 deflects the left light beam rightward and then exits, wherein the surface of the first reflective strip 1500 and the surface of the second reflective strip 1600 have an included angle γ.
As shown in fig. 5, the second deflecting portion 1200 includes a lower lens group 1400 and an upper lens group 1300, the upper lens group 1300 includes a plurality of first reflective strips 1500 arranged along a first direction, the lower lens group 1400 includes a plurality of second reflective strips 1600 arranged along a second direction, as shown in fig. 8, when light enters the surface of the second reflective strip 1600 at an angle α, after being reflected by the surface of the second reflective strip 1600, the light enters the surface of the first reflective strip 1500 at an angle β, and is reflected by the surface of the second reflective strip 1600, i.e. the second deflecting portion 1200 deflects the right light beam to the left and then exits, wherein the surface of the first reflective strip 1500 and the surface of the second reflective strip 1600 have an included angle γ.
Since the arrangement direction of the first reflective strip 1500 is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the second reflective strip 1600, i.e. the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction, when the surface of the first reflective strip 1500 and the surface of the second reflective strip 1600 have an included angle γ, the surface of the first reflective strip 1500 has a preset included angle with the first direction, and the surface of the second reflective strip 1600 also has a preset included angle with the second direction.
Optionally, the first reflective strip 1500 includes a lens and first reflective films 1700 disposed on two sides of the lens; the second reflective strip 1600 includes a lens and second reflective films 1800 disposed on two sides of the lens.
In one implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, a third preset included angle is formed between the first reflective film 1700 and the second reflective film 1800, where the third preset included angle isBetween them.
When the third preset included angle is smaller thanIn this case, the first reflective film 1700 and the second reflective film 1800 are closer to each other, so that the light beam is reflected by the second reflective film 1800 and the first reflective film 1700, and the angle of deflection is too large, so that the light beam cannot be incident into the coupling-in region 101 after exiting, and the light beam is lost. When the third preset included angle is too large, the light beam emitted from the second reflective film 1800 cannot be incident on the first reflective film 1700, so that the light beam is lost. Based on the two considerations, the third preset included angle in the embodiments of the present application is +.>Between them.
The embodiment of the third preset included angle is not specifically limited, and a person skilled in the art may specifically set the third preset included angle according to actual situations, which may be、/>、/>。
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 6, the light exit area of the optical bench 500 is smaller than the area of the negative refractive lens 1000, and the light spot of the laser beam emitted from the negative refractive lens 1000 onto the optical waveguide 10 falls into the coupling-in region 101.
To further reduce the energy loss of the display assembly 100, the optical axis of the laser beam exiting the optical bench 500, the center of the negative refractive lens 1000 and the center of the coupling-in region 101 may be arranged co-linearly, so that the laser beam can be more efficiently coupled into the optical waveguide 10.
In addition, the light-emitting area of the optical bench 500 is smaller than the area of the negative refractive flat lens 1000, and the light spot of the laser beam emitted from the negative refractive flat lens 1000 and projected onto the optical waveguide 10 falls into the coupling-in region 101, so that the loss of light energy before coupling into the optical waveguide 10 can be avoided.
In one implementation of the embodiment of the present application, the refractive index of the optical waveguide 10 is between 1.5 and 2.5, and the thickness H of the optical waveguide 10 is less than or equal to 1mm.
The condition that the total reflection occurs in the optical waveguide 10 needs to be satisfied is that the refractive index of the optical waveguide 10 is greater than the refractive index of the space outside the optical waveguide, and the incident angle exceeds the critical angle, the optical waveguide 10 is usually set in air, the refractive index is 1, the refractive index of the optical waveguide 10 is set between 1.5 and 2.5, the refractive index and the space refractive index difference distance of the optical waveguide 10 can be made to be large, the critical angle is made to be small, and more light rays can be made to generate total reflection in the optical waveguide 10.
The thickness H of the optical waveguide 10 is less than or equal to 1mm, so that the thickness of the optical waveguide 10 is thinner, and when the optical waveguide 10 is applied to AR equipment, the occupied volume and weight of the optical waveguide 10 can be reduced, thereby facilitating the layout of various components on the AR equipment.
Optionally, the coupling-in region 101 and the coupling-out region 102 are provided with diffraction gratings for coupling in or coupling out the light beam.
The diffraction grating has the advantages of stable performance, high resolution, etc., and can improve the efficiency of the coupling-in region 101 and the coupling-out region 102.
In one implementation manner of the embodiments of the present application, the diffraction grating is a surface relief grating or a volume hologram grating.
The volume holographic grating has good wavelength selectivity and angle selectivity of incident light, and when the angle and wavelength of the incident light meet the Bragg condition, the diffraction efficiency of the volume holographic grating is high. In addition, the thickness of the volume holographic grating is generally tens to tens micrometers, so that the structure is light and thin, and the light and thin design can be realized. In particular, the material of the volume hologram grating may be dichromated gelatin, silver salts, polymers or other materials known to be useful for volume hologram gratings. The surface relief grating has a larger refractive index difference, can diffract light beams in a larger wavelength range, is arranged in the coupling-out area, ensures that the emergent light beams obtain a larger emergent angle, and further obtains a larger view field angle, and can be selected according to actual conditions by a person skilled in the art.
Specifically, the thickness of the optical waveguide 10 and the arrangement positions between the components in the embodiment of the present application are not limited, and those skilled in the art may perform the arrangement according to the actual situation, specifically, the optical waveguide 10 equation and the grating equation.
Grating equationWhere d in the formula is a grating constant, n1 is a refractive index of a space where an incident ray is located, n2 is a refractive index of a space where a diffracted ray is located, that is, the refractive index of the optical waveguide 10, θ and Φ are an incident angle and a diffraction angle, respectively, λ is a wavelength of light, and m is a diffraction order. The first + -sign in the grating equation, which is related to the specific optical path difference between the incident and diffracted light, and the second + -sign, which represents the diffraction order, should be positive for the right light of the right beam. It follows that the larger the angle of incidence, the smaller the diffraction angle, when the values other than θ and Φ are both determined.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the total reflection of the optical waveguide 10 must satisfy certain conditions, and in particular, the optical waveguide must satisfy the equation。
As shown in fig. 9, assuming that the waveguide thickness is E, the diameter of the entrance pupil area is L, the horizontal distance of the light machine 500 projected to both edges of the negative refractive flat lens 1000 is L2, the distance of the light machine 500 from the negative refractive flat lens 1000 is S, the horizontal distance of the light beam propagating on the waveguide surface is LP, the light passing through the negative refractive flat lens 1000 before and after is symmetrical with respect to the structure, the light engine is to the negative refractive flat lens 1000, and the length of the negative refractive flat lens 1000 to the entrance pupil area is equal, therefore, if the light incident on the center of the entrance pupil at the right edge is not secondarily diffracted with the entrance pupil, the condition that (only first order diffraction is considered below) should be satisfied:. From the grating equation +.>Wherein->. I.e. the person skilled in the art is satisfying +.>And->The specific setting is carried out on each parameter under the condition of (1).
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 10, the specific structure of the display assembly 100 is shown in this embodiment, specifically, the grating constant is 380nm, the incident space refractive index is 1, the waveguide refractive index is 1.9, the waveguide thickness is 1mm, the grating diameter is 1mm, the incident angle is set to 10 ° and the right edge light is set to be incident to the center of the entrance pupil area, and the setting manner can be realized by adjusting the positions of the negative refractive flat lens 1000 and the optical machine 500. The wavelength of the incident light selects three representative wavelengths of RGB: 650nm (shown by a dash-dot line in fig. 10), 520nm (shown by a solid line in fig. 10), and 450nm (shown by a broken line in fig. 10), wherein the diffraction angle to blue light calculated according to the grating formulation is 32.13 degrees, and the total reflection condition is satisfied, the horizontal distance of the primary total reflection propagating on the waveguide surface is about 0.628mm and is more than half of the grating diameter, and the problem of secondary diffraction energy loss is avoided. The same calculation can obtain that the diffraction angle of green light is 38.96 degrees, the diffraction angle of red light is 53.98 degrees, and obviously, the horizontal distance of the primary total reflection of the red light propagating on the surface of the waveguide is greater than half of the diameter of the grating, so that secondary diffraction is avoided.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 11, the specific structure of the display assembly 100 is shown in this embodiment, specifically, the grating constant is 380nm, the incident space refractive index is 1, the waveguide refractive index is 1.9, the waveguide thickness is 1mm, the diffraction grating diameter of the entrance pupil area is 1mm, the incident angle is set to 10 °, by adjusting the optical bench 500, the position of the negative refraction plate lens 1000 makes the marginal ray of the optical bench 500 just enter the edge of the entrance pupil area, and the incident wavelength is selected to be 450nm blue ray. The diffraction angle of the left edge light is 45.61 degrees, the total reflection condition is met, the horizontal distance of the primary total reflection propagating on the surface of the waveguide is about 1.02mm and is larger than the diameter of the grating, and secondary diffraction is avoided.
The embodiment of the application also discloses an AR device comprising the display assembly 100 of any one of the above. The AR device includes the same structure and advantages as the display assembly 100 in the previous embodiment. The structure and advantages of the display assembly 100 are described in detail in the foregoing embodiments, and are not described herein.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the same, but rather, various modifications and variations may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. The display component is characterized by comprising a light machine, a negative refraction flat lens and an optical waveguide, wherein the negative refraction flat lens and the optical waveguide are sequentially arranged on the light emitting side of the light machine, a coupling-in area and at least one coupling-out area are arranged on the optical waveguide, the negative refraction flat lens is opposite to the coupling-in area, the negative refraction flat lens is used for deflecting and emitting laser beams emitted by the light machine to the central line of the negative refraction flat lens, and the deflected and emitted laser beams are coupled into the optical waveguide by the coupling-in area;
the negative refraction flat lens comprises a first deflection part and a second deflection part which are arranged in a lamination manner along the direction perpendicular to the laser beam propagation direction, the first deflection part is used for deflecting the left part of the laser beam optical axis to the right; the right part of the laser beam optical axis is incident on the second deflection part, and the second deflection part is used for deflecting the right part of the laser beam optical axis to the left;
the first deflection part and the second deflection part respectively comprise a lower lens group and an upper lens group along the light path transmission direction, the upper lens group comprises a plurality of first reflecting strips arranged along a first direction, the lower lens group comprises a plurality of second reflecting strips arranged along a second direction, the upper lens group of the first deflection part and the upper lens group of the second deflection part are provided with a first preset included angle, the lower lens group of the first deflection part and the lower lens group of the second deflection part are provided with a second preset included angle, and the first preset included angle and the second preset included angle are smaller than the first preset included angleThe first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.
2. The display assembly of claim 1, wherein the first reflective strip comprises a lens and first reflective films disposed on both sides of the lens; the second reflection strip comprises a lens and second reflection films arranged on two side surfaces of the lens.
3. According to the weightsThe display assembly of claim 2, wherein the first reflective film and the second reflective film have a third predetermined included angle therebetween, the third predetermined included angle being betweenBetween them.
4. The display module of claim 1, wherein the light exit area of the light engine is smaller than the area of the negative refractive flat lens, and a light spot of the laser beam emitted through the negative refractive flat lens projected onto the light waveguide falls into the coupling-in region.
5. The display assembly of claim 1, wherein the optical waveguide has a refractive index between 1.5 and 2.5, and a thickness H of the optical waveguide is 1mm or less.
6. The display assembly of claim 1, wherein the coupling-in region and the coupling-out region are provided with a diffraction grating for coupling in or coupling out the light beam.
7. The display assembly of claim 6, wherein the diffraction grating is a surface relief grating or a volume holographic grating.
8. An AR device comprising the display assembly of any one of claims 1-7.
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| CN116755253A (en) * | 2023-06-09 | 2023-09-15 | 深圳市光舟半导体技术有限公司 | Optical waveguide, display assembly and AR equipment |
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| US20210199873A1 (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2021-07-01 | Facebook Technologies, Llc | Dual-side antireflection coatings for broad angular and wavelength bands |
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| CN212540774U (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2021-02-12 | 杭州光粒科技有限公司 | Optical waveguide device and AR display equipment |
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