CN117146483B - Heat exchange device and heat exchange method of denitration refrigerating unit by substituted membrane method - Google Patents
Heat exchange device and heat exchange method of denitration refrigerating unit by substituted membrane method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117146483B CN117146483B CN202311141356.2A CN202311141356A CN117146483B CN 117146483 B CN117146483 B CN 117146483B CN 202311141356 A CN202311141356 A CN 202311141356A CN 117146483 B CN117146483 B CN 117146483B
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- heat exchange
- refrigerator
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 152
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 54
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010446 mirabilite Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- RSIJVJUOQBWMIM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfate decahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RSIJVJUOQBWMIM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002178 crystalline material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 nitrate ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/40—Fluid line arrangements
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a heat exchange device and a heat exchange method of a substituted membrane method denitration refrigerating unit, wherein the heat exchange device comprises a carbon steel pipeline, a refrigerant tank and a refrigerant circulating pump, wherein the carbon steel pipeline is used for conveying chilled brine into the refrigerant tank, and the refrigerant circulating pump circularly conveys the chilled brine between the refrigerant tank and a circulating refrigerator; the device also comprises a crystallizer and a crystallization liquid circulating pump, wherein the crystallization liquid circulating pump is used for circularly conveying crystallization liquid from the crystallizer to the circulating refrigerator, and the freezing brine and the crystallization liquid exchange heat in the circulating refrigerator; the carbon steel pipeline provided by the invention can be used for conveying the chilled brine of the refrigerating station as the refrigerant for the membrane method denitration to the refrigerant tank, so that the refrigerant manufactured by the original refrigerating unit for the membrane method denitration is replaced, the problems of frequent faults and high energy consumption of the refrigerating unit for the membrane method denitration are solved, and even huge economic loss caused by the total system stop caused by the denitration device are solved, and the pollution of the refrigerant used by the refrigerator to the atmosphere is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of membrane method denitration, in particular to a heat exchange device and a heat exchange method for a refrigerating unit for replacing membrane method denitration.
Background
The membrane method for removing nitrate ions in water is a method for removing nitrate ions in water by using a membrane technology. Membrane technology is based on different physical or chemical principles, and uses membranes with special structures to separate and remove solutes, in membrane denitration, mainly using reverse osmosis membranes or ion exchange membranes, which have tiny pores or pore diameters, and can selectively filter and block solutes to separate solutes from solvents, specifically, reverse osmosis membranes can remove nitrate ions by applying high pressure to pass wastewater through the membranes, but not through the pores of the membranes
The patent with publication number CN203668163U and publication date 2014, 06 and 25 discloses a membrane method denitration device, and relates to the technical field of membrane method denitration devices in a primary brine refining process, comprising a pretreatment unit, a membrane treatment unit and a freezing denitration unit; the pretreatment unit comprises a raw material brine tank and a dilute brine cooler, the refrigeration treatment unit comprises a recovery brine tank and a precooler, a lean-nitrate return pipeline is fixedly arranged between the precooler and the raw material brine tank, a recovery brine conveying pipe is fixedly arranged between the recovery brine tank and the dilute brine cooler, and a recovery brine conveying pump is fixedly arranged on the recovery brine conveying pipe.
Besides a membrane separation module, the concentrated brine must be cooled and then crystallized and removed by a refrigerating unit in order to remove mirabilite sodium sulfate decahydrate by a membrane method, and the problems of quality problems, operation conditions, manual operation and the like of the refrigerating unit cause frequent faults and high energy consumption of the refrigerating unit for removing the mirabilite by the membrane method, and even cause huge economic loss due to full line stop of a system caused by a denitration device.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a heat exchange device and a heat exchange method for a denitration refrigerating unit by a substituted membrane method, so as to solve the defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the heat exchange device of the denitration refrigerating unit by the substituted membrane method comprises a carbon steel pipeline, a refrigerant tank and a refrigerant circulating pump, wherein the carbon steel pipeline is used for conveying chilled brine into the refrigerant tank, and the refrigerant circulating pump circularly conveys the chilled brine between the refrigerant tank and a circulating refrigerator;
the device also comprises a crystallizer and a crystallization liquid circulating pump, wherein the crystallization liquid circulating pump is used for circularly conveying crystallization liquid from the crystallizer to the circulating refrigerator, and the freezing brine and the crystallization liquid exchange heat in the circulating refrigerator.
Further, the chilled brine is brine between-25 ℃ and-45 ℃.
Further, the circulation refrigerator comprises a refrigeration cylinder, a refrigerant pipe and a crystallization pipe are arranged in the refrigeration cylinder, a refrigerant circulating pipe is arranged between the refrigerant tank and the circulation refrigerator, a crystallization liquid circulating pipe is arranged between the crystallization tank and the circulation refrigerator, the refrigerant pipe is connected with the refrigerant circulating pipe, the crystallization pipe is connected with the crystallization liquid circulating pipe, and cooling liquid is filled in the refrigeration cylinder.
Further, cleaning pipes are arranged at two ends of the refrigerating cylinder and connected with the refrigerant circulating pipe.
Further, the water input into the cleaning pipe is hot water.
Further, the inside slidable mounting of refrigerant pipe has scraped the ring, and the spout has been seted up to the inner wall, and the outer wall of scraping the ring is equipped with the lug, and the lug is arranged in the spout, still installs the elastic component in the spout, and lug and spout cell wall are connected respectively at the both ends of elastic component.
Further, a limiting component is arranged inside the scraper ring and used for fixing the scraper ring in the refrigerant pipe when chilled brine flows in the refrigerant pipe.
Further, the limiting component comprises a bimetallic strip and a limiting block, the limiting groove is formed in the lug, the bimetallic strip and the limiting block are both located in the limiting groove, the bimetallic strip is installed at the groove bottom of the limiting groove, the limiting block and the limiting groove form sliding guide fit, the groove bottom of the sliding groove is provided with a containing groove, a wedge block and a spring are installed in the containing groove, two ends of the spring are respectively connected with the groove wall and the wedge block, the wedge block and the containing groove form sliding guide fit, and the limiting groove and the containing groove correspond to each other.
Further, the temperature of the hot water is between 70 ℃ and 90 ℃.
The invention provides another technical scheme that: a heat exchange method of a denitration refrigerating unit by a substituted membrane method comprises the following steps:
s1: delivering chilled brine to a refrigerant tank;
s2: the refrigerant circulating pump conveys the frozen brine in a circulating way from the refrigerant tank to the circulating refrigerator;
s3: the crystallization liquid circulating pump circularly conveys crystallization liquid from the crystallizer to the circulating refrigerator;
s4: the freezing brine and the crystallization liquid exchange heat in the circulation refrigerator;
s5: the returned frozen strong nitrate water enters a crystallizer and is fully mixed with the mirabilite slurry;
s6: the mixed slurry is concentrated and centrifuged to separate out solid sodium sulfate decahydrate.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: in the technical scheme, the carbon steel pipeline provided by the invention can be used for conveying chilled brine (calcium chloride solution) of a refrigerating station as a refrigerant for removing nitrate by a membrane method into the refrigerant tank, so that the refrigerant is manufactured by a refrigerating unit for removing nitrate by the original membrane method, the problems of frequent faults and high energy consumption of the refrigerating unit for removing nitrate by the membrane method and huge economic loss caused by stopping the whole system due to a nitrate removing device are solved, and meanwhile, the pollution of the refrigerant (especially fluorine series) used by a refrigerator to the atmosphere is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings for a person having ordinary skill in the art.
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a refrigeration cylinder according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side cross-sectional view of a refrigeration cartridge provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a front cross-sectional view of a refrigeration drum provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a side cross-sectional view of a refrigerant tube according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of FIG. 4 at A provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a limiting component according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. a carbon steel pipeline; 2. a refrigerant tank; 3. a refrigerant circulation pump; 4. a refrigerant circulation pipe; 5. a circulation refrigerator; 51. a refrigeration cylinder; 52. a refrigerant pipe; 521. a scraping ring; 522. a chute; 523. a bump; 524. an elastic member; 525. a limit groove; 526. a receiving groove; 527. an arc-shaped plate; 528. a guide slope; 53. a crystallization tube; 54. cleaning the pipe; 55. a limit component; 551. bimetallic strips; 552. a limiting block; 553. a spring; 554. wedge blocks; 6. a crystallizer; 7. a crystallization liquid circulation pump; 8. a crystallization liquid circulation pipe.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical scheme of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front," "rear," "head," "tail," and the like are used as directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the heat exchange device of the substituted membrane method denitration refrigerating unit provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a carbon steel pipeline 1, a refrigerant tank 2 and a refrigerant circulating pump 3, wherein the carbon steel pipeline 1 is used for conveying chilled brine into the refrigerant tank 2, and the refrigerant circulating pump 3 is used for circularly conveying the chilled brine from between the refrigerant tank 2 and a circulating refrigerator 5;
the device also comprises a crystallizer 6 and a crystallization liquid circulating pump 7, wherein the crystallization liquid circulating pump 7 is used for circularly conveying crystallization liquid from the crystallizer 6 to the circulating refrigerator 5, and the freezing brine and the crystallization liquid exchange heat in the circulating refrigerator 5.
Specifically, one end of the carbon steel pipeline 1 is connected with a liquid injection port of the refrigerant tank 2, the other end is connected with a refrigerating station, a refrigerant delivery pump is arranged on the carbon steel pipeline 1, after refrigerating brine in the refrigerant tank 2 is subjected to heat exchange and used, the refrigerant is delivered into the refrigerating station again through the refrigerant delivery pump for refrigeration, the refrigerant circulating pump 3 is arranged on the refrigerant circulating pipe 4, the refrigerant circulating pipe 4 is positioned between the refrigerant tank 2 and the circulating refrigerator 5 and communicated with the refrigerant tank 2 and the circulating refrigerator 5, the crystallization liquid circulating pump 7 is arranged on the crystallization liquid circulating pipe 8, the crystallization liquid circulating pipe 8 is positioned between the crystallizer 6 and the circulating refrigerator 5 and communicated with the crystallizer 6 and the circulating refrigerator 5, in the actual use process, the refrigerant circulating pump 3 circularly conveys the refrigerating brine between the refrigerant tank 2 and the circulating refrigerator 5, and simultaneously adjusts the pH value of the concentrated brine to be alkaline PH >8, the concentrated nitrate water is cooled to the temperature of 20 ℃ to 25 ℃ as required by the process by a concentrated nitrate precooler, and the concentrated nitrate water and the frozen concentrated nitrate water returned by a crystallization liquid circulating pump 7 are fed into a circulating cooler to enter a crystallizer 6 together, the bottom is fully mixed with the mirabilite slurry, the temperature is reduced to-1 ℃ to 1 ℃ below zero, the slurry with a certain flow rate is further concentrated in a thickener and then separated into solid mirabilite by a centrifuge, the circulating cooler 5 cools the crystallization liquid by utilizing the frozen salt water to become the frozen concentrated nitrate water with the temperature of about-3 ℃, the carbon steel pipeline 1 provided by the embodiment of the invention can take the frozen salt water (calcium chloride solution) of a freezing station as a refrigerant for removing nitrate by a film method to be conveyed into a refrigerant tank 2, replaces a refrigerating unit of the original film method for removing nitrate per se to manufacture a refrigerant, solves the problems of frequent faults and high energy consumption of the film method denitration refrigerating unit, even the denitration device causes the problem of huge economic loss caused by stopping the whole system, and simultaneously reduces the pollution of the refrigerant (especially fluorine series) used by the refrigerator to the atmosphere;
secondly, two self-control valves are additionally arranged on two groups of carbon steel pipelines 1 from the freezing station and the return freezing station, so that DCS control personnel can conveniently adjust the frozen brine quantity (calcium chloride solution) sent from the freezing station and the return quantity to ensure the temperature and the liquid level of the refrigerant tank 2.
Preferably, the chilled brine is brine between-25 ℃ and-45 ℃.
Specifically, since the frozen brine needs to be sent from the freezing station outside the use site, the freezing station is generally located at a distance from the use site, so that the temperature of the frozen brine is preferably from-25 ℃ to-45 ℃ in order to prevent the temperature of the frozen brine from falling below the use standard during the transportation process, and more preferably the temperature of the frozen brine is-35 ℃, and the temperature of the frozen brine is limited, so that the frozen brine fed into the circulation refrigerator 5 can reach the use standard temperature.
In an alternative embodiment, preferably, the circulation refrigerator 5 includes a refrigeration cylinder 51, a refrigerant pipe 52 and a crystallization pipe 53 are installed in the refrigeration cylinder 51, a refrigerant circulation pipe 4 is arranged between the refrigerant tank 2 and the circulation refrigerator 5, a crystallization liquid circulation pipe 8 is arranged between the crystallizer 6 and the circulation refrigerator 5, the refrigerant pipe 52 is connected with the refrigerant circulation pipe 4, the crystallization pipe 53 is connected with the crystallization liquid circulation pipe 8, and the interior of the refrigeration cylinder 51 is filled with cooling liquid.
Specifically, the surface of the refrigeration cylinder 51 is also provided with a liquid injection port, the bottom is provided with a liquid outlet port, the cooling liquid is conveyed into the refrigeration cylinder 51 from the liquid injection port, the cooling liquid can be glycol, which is not described in detail in the prior art, the cooling liquid is discharged from the liquid outlet port after being used, the length direction of the refrigerant pipe 52 and the length direction of the crystallization pipe 53 are consistent with the length direction of the refrigeration cylinder 51, the refrigerant pipe 52 is provided with a plurality of groups, the crystallization pipes 53 are circularly and equidistantly arranged by taking the crystallization pipe 53 as a circle center, the crystallization liquid circulation pipe 8 extends from an opening at the side surface of the refrigeration cylinder 51 and is connected with two ends of the crystallization pipe 53, two ends of the plurality of groups of the refrigerant pipes 52 are connected with the shunt pipes in the refrigeration cylinder 1, the shunt pipes are not described in detail in the prior art, the refrigerant circulation pipe 4 extends from two ends of the refrigeration cylinder 51 and is connected with the shunt pipes, in the actual use, the refrigerant circulation pump 3 conveys frozen brine into the shunt pipes through the refrigerant circulation pipe 4, the shunt tubes shunt the frozen brine into each group of refrigerant pipes 52, as the temperature of the frozen brine is lower, the viscosity of the frozen brine is increased, namely the viscosity is increased, the fluidity in the refrigerant circulation pipes 4 and the shunt tubes is poor, so that the frozen brine can flow into the circulation refrigerator 5 only after a certain time, if the output power of the refrigerant circulation pump 3 is increased, the burden on the refrigerant circulation pipes 4 and the shunt tubes is caused, and the refrigerant circulation pipes 4 and the shunt tubes are seriously broken, therefore, in the embodiment, firstly, the cooling liquid is injected into the refrigerating cylinder 51 through the liquid injection port, so that the cooling liquid is filled into the refrigerating cylinder 51, before the frozen brine enters the circulation refrigerator 5, the heat exchange is carried out on the crystallization liquid flowing in the refrigerating cylinder 53 through the cooling liquid, the time of the frozen brine entering the circulation refrigerator 5 is compensated through the use of the cooling liquid, and when the frozen brine enters the refrigerant pipes 52, the cooling of the crystallization liquid in the crystallization tube 53 is achieved by heat exchanging the coolant with the chilled brine so that the coolant can be maintained at a low use temperature.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the cleaning pipe 54 is disposed at both ends of the refrigerating cylinder 51, and the cleaning pipe 54 is connected to the refrigerant circulation pipe 4.
Specifically, the cleaning tube 54 is connected to the refrigerant circulation tube 4 and is mutually communicated, and the cleaning tube 54 and the interior of the refrigerant circulation tube 4 are respectively provided with an electric control valve, which is not described in detail in the prior art, when the frozen brine is conveyed, the valve on the cleaning tube 54 is opened, the valve on the refrigerant circulation tube 4 is closed, at this time, water required for cleaning is conveyed to the cleaning tube 54, and is conveyed into the refrigerant tube 52 through the cleaning tube to flush the crystal attached to the inner wall of the refrigerant tube 52, the flushed waste water is discharged from the other group of cleaning tubes 54, and the long-term attachment of the crystal to form a heat insulation layer on the wall of the refrigerant tube 52 can be avoided through flushing the inner wall of the refrigerant tube 52, so that the heat conduction efficiency of the refrigerant tube 52 is reduced.
Further, the water fed into the purge tube 54 is hot water.
Specifically, since the crystalline material in the frozen brine is generally salt crystals, when hot water is introduced into the refrigerant pipe 52, the crystalline material in the frozen brine is heated by the hot water, the crystals therein are gradually converted into a liquid state, and the high temperature of the hot water transfers heat to the crystalline material to raise the temperature thereof until reaching the melting point, thereby melting the crystalline material and further avoiding the influence of mass adhesion of the crystalline material on the heat transfer efficiency of the refrigerant pipe 52.
It should be noted that the cleaning of the refrigerant pipe 52 is performed periodically, and the specific cleaning interval may be determined according to the actual use environment, and since hot water is introduced into the refrigerant pipe 52, it is necessary to discharge the coolant from the cooling cylinder 51 before cleaning, replace the coolant, or re-inject the discharged coolant into the cooling cylinder 51 as needed.
In another embodiment of the present invention, a scraping ring 521 is slidably installed inside the refrigerant pipe 52, a sliding groove 522 is formed in an inner wall of the refrigerant pipe 52, a protruding block 523 is disposed on an outer wall of the scraping ring 521, the protruding block 523 is disposed in the sliding groove 522, an elastic member 524 is further installed in the sliding groove 522, and two ends of the elastic member 524 are respectively connected with the protruding block 523 and a wall of the sliding groove 522.
Specifically, the scraping rings 521 are provided with a plurality of groups, the scraping rings 521 are equidistantly arranged along the length direction of the refrigerating cylinder 51, the groove direction of the sliding groove 522 is consistent with the length direction of the refrigerant pipe 52, the length of the sliding groove 522 is equal to or greater than the interval between two adjacent groups of scraping rings 521, the elastic piece 524 is preferably an elastic telescopic rod, a spring 553 is arranged in the elastic telescopic rod, and the expansion and contraction of the elastic telescopic rod can enable the scraping rings 521 to move in the horizontal direction, so that the phenomenon of inclination of the scraping rings 521 is avoided;
note that one end of the elastic member 524 on the chute 522 is a start end, the other end is a limit end, the scraper ring 521 is in a first state at the start end, and is in a second state when moving to the limit end, specifically as follows:
first state: the scraping ring 521 is located at the starting end of the chute 522, and the elastic telescopic rod is in a natural state, in which, chilled brine passes through the refrigerant tank 2, and the width of the chute 522 is equal to the width of the bump 523, so that the bump 523 is clamped in the chute 522, and the scraping ring 521 cannot move in the refrigerant pipe 52 under the impact of the chilled brine, i.e. is indirectly in a locking state;
second state: the scraping ring 521 is located at the limiting end of the sliding groove 522, the elastic telescopic rod is in a stretching state, when the refrigerant pipe 52 needs to be cleaned, after the chilled brine in the refrigerant pipe 52 is discharged, hot water is conveyed into the refrigerant pipe 52 from the cleaning pipe 54, and under the impact of the hot water, the convex block 523 slides in the sliding groove 522, so that when the hot water flows in the refrigerant pipe 52, the flow rate of the hot water can be controlled to be large, a large driving force is provided, not only crystalline substances on the pipe wall can be melted, but also the scraping ring 521 can be driven to move in the refrigerant pipe 52 under the impact of water flow, and attachments on the pipe wall can be scraped through the movement of the scraping ring 521.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the scraper ring 521 is internally provided with a limiting component 55, and the limiting component 55 is used for fixing the scraper ring 521 in the refrigerant pipe 52 when the chilled brine flows in the refrigerant pipe 52.
Specifically, the limiting component 55 is used for fixing the scraping ring 521 in the refrigerant pipe 52 when the frozen brine flows in the refrigerant pipe 52, that is, when the frozen brine flows in the refrigerant pipe 52, the limiting component 55 locks the scraping ring 521 at the starting end of the chute 522, that is, in a holding state, so that the scraping ring 521 is prevented from moving to a second state when the frozen brine flows in the refrigerant pipe 52, when the hot water flows in the refrigerant pipe 52, the limiting component 55 releases the locking of the scraping ring 521, and the limiting component 55 can be an electromagnetic block or the like, so that the elastic telescopic rod is prevented from being in a stretched state under the impact of the frozen brine when the frozen brine flows, and is exposed in the frozen brine, so that the corrosion of the frozen brine to the elastic telescopic rod and the adhesion of a crystalline substance on the elastic telescopic rod are reduced, and the elasticity of the elastic telescopic rod is influenced.
In an alternative embodiment, preferably, the limiting component 55 includes a bimetal 551 and a limiting block 552, the inside of the bump 523 is provided with a limiting groove 525, the bimetal 551 and the limiting block 552 are both located in the limiting groove 525, the bimetal 551 is installed at the bottom of the limiting groove 525, the limiting block 552 and the limiting groove 525 form sliding guide fit, the bottom of the sliding groove 522 is provided with a containing groove 526, a wedge 554 and a spring 553 are installed in the containing groove 526, two ends of the spring 553 are respectively connected with the groove wall of the containing groove 526 and the wedge 554, the wedge 554 and the containing groove 526 form sliding guide fit, and the limiting groove 525 and the containing groove 526 correspond to each other.
Specifically, the outer wall of the scraping ring 521 is surrounded by a plurality of groups of protruding blocks 523, the plurality of groups of protruding blocks 523 are arranged in the plurality of groups of sliding grooves 522, each group of sliding grooves 522 is internally provided with a containing groove 526, a wedge 554 and a spring 553, in a first state, when the scraping ring 521 is positioned at an initial position of the initial end of the sliding groove 522, namely, when the scraping ring 521 is positioned at the initial position of the initial end of the sliding groove 522, one end of the wedge 554 is positioned in the containing groove 526, the other end of the wedge 554 extends into the limiting groove 525 and is contacted with the limiting block 552, the bimetallic strip 551 is in a contracted state, the inclined surface on the wedge 554 is positioned at one side facing the limiting end of the sliding groove 522, and under the action of the wedge 554, the scraping ring 521 is limited at the initial end of the sliding groove 522, namely, when the frozen brine flows in the refrigerant pipe 52, the scraping ring 521 can be kept in the first state;
when hot water flows in the refrigerant pipe 52, after the hot water is contacted with the scraping ring 521, as the scraping ring 521 is made of a metal material, the temperature of the scraping ring 521 rises along with the rise of the temperature, the bimetallic strip 551 in the scraping ring 521 bends and expands along with the rise of the temperature, the expansion of the bimetallic strip 551 pushes the limiting block 552 to move in the limiting groove 525, and as the wedge 554 is contacted with the limiting block 552, the movement of the limiting block 552 pushes the wedge 554 out of the limiting groove 525, the lug 523 and the limiting block 552 lose the limit of the wedge 554 at the moment that the wedge 554 extends out of the limiting groove 525, the lug 523 slides in the sliding groove 522 under the impact of water flow, the elastic telescopic rod starts to stretch, the wedge 554 extends out of the notch of the limiting groove 525 again after the lug 523 is lost, the scraping ring 521 and the lug 523 move from the first state to the second state, and during the movement, the outer wall of the scraping ring 521 is contacted with the wall of the refrigerant pipe 52 so as to scrape residues on the wall.
When the hot water in the refrigerant pipe 52 is treated, the hot water is discharged from the refrigerant pipe 52, after the impact of water flow is lost, the elastic telescopic rod starts to reset, the scraping ring 521 is pulled to reset in the chute 522, the convex block 523 contacts with the inclined surface of the wedge 554 in the resetting process, the wedge 554 is forced to stretch into the accommodating groove 526 under the conflict of the convex block 523, when the scraping ring 521 is reset to the first state, the scraping ring 521 in the first state is positioned at the notch of the accommodating groove 525, then the cooling liquid is injected into the refrigerating cylinder 51 again, the cooling liquid is injected, the cooling of the refrigerant pipe 52 can be realized, meanwhile, the temperature of the scraping ring 521 is also reduced, according to the principle of thermal expansion and contraction, the bimetal 551 resets and contracts, the limit block 552 loses the expansion and the conflict of the bimetal 551, the spring 553 in the accommodating groove 526 pushes the wedge 554 into the accommodating groove 525 again, and pushes the limit block 552 to reset in the accommodating groove 525 until one end of the spring 554 stretches into the accommodating groove 526, under the effect of 554, the scraping ring 521 is locked in the first state, the cooling liquid is then the cooling liquid is injected into the notch of the accommodating groove 525, the cooling liquid is also locked in the first state, the cooling liquid is prevented from flowing into the opening of the accommodating groove 525, and the salt state is prevented from being corroded by the cooling liquid, and the cooling liquid is prevented from flowing into the opening of the refrigerating groove 525.
Further, the temperature of the hot water is between 70 ℃ and 90 ℃.
Specifically, the temperature of the hot water input into the refrigerant pipe 52 is limited to be between 70 ℃ and 90 ℃, so that the temperature difference between the hot water and the frozen brine can be kept at about 100 ℃, the temperature difference between the frozen brine and the hot water flowing through the refrigerant pipe 52 is increased, the deformation degree of the bimetallic strip 551 is improved due to the improvement of the temperature difference, the bimetallic strip 551 is in the prior art, and the bimetallic strip 551 is not repeated, so that the bimetallic strip 551 can generate enough deformation degree when the hot water passes through to push the limiting block 552 to move in the limiting groove 525, and the locking state of the scraping ring 521 is released when the hot water is introduced into the refrigerant tank 2.
Further, the scraping ring 521 includes a plurality of arc plates 527, and the plurality of arc plates 527 are spliced to form the scraping ring 521.
Specifically, when the refrigerant tube 52 is cleaned, a cleaning dead angle exists at the joint of the end surface of the scraping ring 521 and the tube wall of the cleaning tube 54, so that particles or crystalline substances under water flow impact are accumulated at the cleaning dead angle, and are difficult to dispense from the refrigerant tube 52, in this embodiment, the scraping ring 521 comprises a plurality of arc plates 527, the plurality of arc plates 527 are spliced to form the scraping ring 521, each of the arc plates 527 is provided with a bump 523, a group of elastic members 524 are correspondingly connected, the elastic members 524 are elastic telescopic rods, springs are mounted in the elastic telescopic rods, the arc plates 527 can be maintained to horizontally move in the refrigerant tube 52, the telescopic lengths of the telescopic rods on each group of arc plates 527 are different, and the lengths of the corresponding sliding grooves 522 are different, so that when hot water flows in the refrigerant tube 52 from a first state to a second state, the bumps 523 on part of the arc plates 527 move to the limiting ends of the sliding grooves 522, and the other part of the arc plates 527 do not move to the limiting ends of the sliding grooves 522, the other part of the arc plates 527 is further staggered to the limiting ends of the sliding grooves 522, the elastic telescopic rods can maintain the arc plates 527 to move horizontally in the refrigerant tube 52, and the inner side of the sliding grooves 522 are opened, the particles can be accumulated in the joint of the arc plates or the sliding plates are opened, and the particles can flow in the joint of the sliding plates 52, and the gap can be opened, and the particles can flow in the joint of the sliding plates are opened, and the gap can flow in the joint of the gap between the arc plates and the sliding plates can be opened up in the gap and the gap.
Further, each set of arcuate plates 527 is provided with a guide ramp 528.
Specifically, because the elastic force of the elastic members 524 and the length of the sliding groove 522 on each set of arc plates 527 are different, the movement of each set of arc plates 527 from the first state to the second state forms different lengths, because the plurality of sets of arc plates 527 are spirally distributed in the second state, the telescopic lengths of the plurality of sets of elastic members 524 and the length of the sliding groove 522 are gradually increased along the flowing direction of the water flow, one side surface of each arc plate 527, which is close to the starting end of the sliding groove 522, is a first end surface, the other side surface is a second end surface, the cleaning dead angle is an included angle between the first end surface and the wall of the refrigerant tube 52, and because the first end surface is impacted by the water flow, the first end surface has a certain area, so that part of particles or crystalline substances can be included angle between the first end surface and the wall of the refrigerant tube 52, namely the cleaning dead angle, and the second end surface of each arc plate 527 is impacted by the water flow back to the arc plates 527, the included angle between the second end surface and the wall of the refrigerant tube 52 is provided with a hollow part, that is, under the blocking of the arc plate 527, the water flow cannot impact the second end surface, and when the arc plate 527 cleans the wall of the refrigerant tube 52, the edge of the second end surface contacts the wall of the refrigerant tube 52 to scrape off the crystal substances and particles on the wall of the refrigerant tube 52, and the scraped crystal substances and particles are also partially attached to the second end surface and are difficult to remove from the second end surface because of the water flow cannot impact the second end surface, so in the embodiment, each set of arc plates 527 is provided with a guide inclined surface 528, the guide inclined surface 528 is positioned on the first end surface, the cleaning dead angle is the included angle between the guide inclined surface 528 and the wall of the refrigerant tube 52, when the water flow impacts the guide inclined surface 528, the guide inclined surface 528 can guide the water flow to the gap opened between the plurality of sets of arc plates 527, under the guidance of the guide inclined plane 528, the water flow can flow out from the gap along with the accumulated matters in the dead angle, so that the crystallized matters and the particles in the water are prevented from accumulating at the included angle between the guide inclined plane 528 and the wall of the refrigerant pipe 52;
secondly, the guiding inclined plane 528 faces the second end face on the adjacent arc plate 527, and the guiding inclined plane 528 on the arc plate 527 with longer travel faces the second end face on the adjacent arc plate 527 with shorter travel, and the distance between the adjacent arc plates 527 is smaller, so that the guiding inclined plane 528 can guide out the water flow from the gap, and the guided out water flow can impact on the second end face of the arc plate 527 with shorter travel, so that particles and crystalline substances attached to the second end face of the adjacent arc plate 527 are washed down, and the attachment of the particles and crystalline substances on the arc plate 527 is reduced.
It should be noted that, because the plurality of groups of scraping rings 521 are disposed, the plurality of groups of scraping rings 521 are equidistantly arranged along the length direction of the refrigerant tank 2, each group of scraping rings 521 is composed of a plurality of groups of arc plates 527, in order to achieve the overall cleaning of the wall of the refrigerant pipe 52, the lengths of the sliding grooves 522 are close to or equal to the spacing between the adjacent scraping rings 521, so that the movement of the plurality of groups of scraping rings 521 can completely clean the wall of the refrigerant pipe 52, and because the spacing between the upper arc plates 527 of the scraping rings 521 needs to be opened when the scraping rings 521 move to the second state, the plurality of groups of arc plates 527 can be spirally arranged in the refrigerant pipe 52, the plurality of groups of sliding grooves 522 corresponding to the plurality of groups of projections 523 on the scraping rings 521 and the plurality of sliding grooves 522 corresponding to the adjacent scraping rings 521 are mutually staggered, in the first state to the second state, the lengths of the sliding grooves 522 corresponding to the arc plates 527 with the shortest movement stroke are the spacing between the adjacent scraping rings 521, so as to maintain the further strokes of the other arc plates 527, and the plurality of groups of sliding grooves 522 can be alternately arranged when the adjacent scraping rings 521 are completely opened, and the second state of the scraping rings 521 can be completely cleaned when the plurality of groups of sliding grooves 521 are completely opened.
The invention provides a heat exchange method of a substituted membrane method denitration refrigerating unit, which comprises the following steps:
s1: delivering chilled brine to a refrigerant tank 2;
s2: the refrigerant circulating pump 3 conveys the frozen brine in a circulating way from the refrigerant tank 2 to the circulating refrigerator 5;
s3: the crystallization liquid circulating pump 7 circularly conveys crystallization liquid from the crystallizer 6 to the circulating refrigerator 5;
s4: the frozen brine and the crystallization liquid exchange heat in the circulation refrigerator 5;
s5: the returned frozen strong nitrate water enters a crystallizer 6 and is fully mixed with the mirabilite slurry;
s6: the mixed slurry is concentrated and centrifuged to separate out solid sodium sulfate decahydrate.
Specifically, refrigerant circulating pump 3 is circulated and conveyed from refrigerant tank 2 and circulation refrigerator 5, after the pH value of strong brine is regulated to alkaline PH >8, strong brine is cooled to process requirement temperature 20-25 deg.C by means of strong brine precooler, and the strong brine enters crystallizer 6 together with the strong brine returned by means of crystallization liquid circulating pump 7, the bottom is fully mixed with mirabilite slurry, and cooled to-1 deg.C, after the slurry with a certain flow rate is further concentrated by means of thickener, solid mirabilite is separated by means of centrifugal machine, and the circulation cooler utilizes the frozen brine to cool crystallization liquid to become strong brine frozen at about-3 deg.C.
While certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described above by way of illustration only, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that modifications may be made to the described embodiments in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not as restrictive of the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. The heat exchange device of the denitration refrigerating unit by the substitution membrane method is characterized by comprising a carbon steel pipeline (1), a refrigerant tank (2) and a refrigerant circulating pump (3), wherein the carbon steel pipeline (1) is used for conveying chilled brine into the refrigerant tank (2), and the refrigerant circulating pump (3) is used for circularly conveying the chilled brine between the refrigerant tank (2) and a circulating refrigerator (5);
still include crystallizer (6) and crystallization liquid circulating pump (7), crystallization liquid circulating pump (7) are used for carrying crystallization liquid from between crystallizer (6) and the circulation refrigerator (5) circulation, freezing brine and crystallization liquid carry out heat exchange in circulation refrigerator (5), circulation refrigerator (5) are including refrigerating tube (51), internally mounted of refrigerating tube (51) has refrigerant pipe (52) and crystallization pipe (53), refrigerant circulating pipe (4) have been arranged between refrigerant tank (2) and circulation refrigerator (5), crystallization liquid circulating pipe (8) have been arranged between crystallizer (6) and the circulation refrigerator (5), refrigerant pipe (52) connect refrigerant circulating pipe (4), crystallization pipe (53) connect crystallization liquid circulating pipe (8), the inside of refrigerating tube (51) is filled with the coolant, cleaning tube (54) have been arranged at the both ends of refrigerating tube (51), cleaning tube (54) are connected with refrigerant circulating pipe (4), the internally mounted of refrigerating tube (51) has a scraper ring (521), the inside slip of refrigerant pipe (52) has seted up spout (522), the inside slip of inner wall (521) has been seted up spout (522), the inside of spout (522) has still be equipped with in spout (522) that the lug (522) is arranged in the interior of 523, two ends of the elastic piece (524) are respectively connected with the protruding block (523) and the groove wall of the chute (522).
2. The heat exchange device of a substitution membrane method denitration refrigerating unit according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerated brine is brine at a temperature of between-25 ℃ and-45 ℃.
3. The heat exchange device of the substituted membrane method denitration refrigerating unit according to claim 1, wherein a limiting assembly (55) is installed in the scraping ring (521), and the limiting assembly (55) is used for fixing the scraping ring (521) in the refrigerant pipe (52) when chilled brine flows in the refrigerant pipe (52).
4. The heat exchange device of the nitrate removal refrigerating unit replacing the membrane method according to claim 3, wherein the limiting component (55) comprises a bimetallic strip (551) and a limiting block (552), a limiting groove (525) is formed in the lug (523), the bimetallic strip (551) and the limiting block (552) are both positioned in the limiting groove (525), the bimetallic strip (551) is arranged at the groove bottom of the limiting groove (525), the limiting block (552) and the limiting groove (525) form sliding guide fit, a containing groove (526) is formed in the groove bottom of the sliding groove (522), a wedge block (554) and a spring (553) are arranged in the containing groove (526), the two ends of the spring (553) are respectively connected with the groove wall of the containing groove (526) and the wedge block (554), the wedge block (554) and the containing groove (526) form sliding guide fit, and the limiting groove (525) and the containing groove (526) correspond to each other.
5. The heat exchange device of a substituted membrane process denitration refrigerating unit according to claim 4, wherein the temperature of the hot water is between 70 ℃ and 90 ℃.
6. A heat exchange method of a substitution membrane method denitration refrigerating unit based on the heat exchange device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: delivering chilled brine into a refrigerant tank (2);
s2: the refrigerant circulating pump (3) conveys the frozen brine in a circulating way from the refrigerant tank (2) to the circulating refrigerator (5);
s3: the crystallization liquid circulating pump (7) circularly conveys crystallization liquid from the position between the crystallizer (6) and the circulating refrigerator (5);
s4: the frozen brine and the crystallization liquid exchange heat in the circulation refrigerator (5);
s5: returning frozen strong-nitrate brine enters a crystallizer (6) and is fully mixed with the mirabilite slurry;
s6: the mixed slurry is concentrated and centrifuged to separate out solid sodium sulfate decahydrate.
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| CN202311141356.2A CN117146483B (en) | 2023-09-06 | 2023-09-06 | Heat exchange device and heat exchange method of denitration refrigerating unit by substituted membrane method |
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